A Randomized Control Trial, Usher, Alcock, And Petra

A Randomized Control Trial, Usher, Alcock, And Petra
In a randomized control trial by Smith, Usher, Alcock, and Petra (2013), the researchers aim to determine whether the use of NeoWrap, a polyethylene
occlusive wrap, immediately after birth was more effective than standard protocol to control hypothermia in NICU admissions. Participants consist of
92 infants under 27 weeks of gestation and 44 infants less than 30 weeks gestation. The infants are randomly assigned to be in either the control or the
intervention group; the control group is transferred under the prewarmed heater immediately after birth, dried and wrapped with prewarmed towels,
and applied a hat. The intervention group is wrapped from the neck the down with the polyethylene wrap before being transferred to the prewarmed
heater and undergoing the aforementioned process. World Health Organization's definition forhypothermia, as cited by Smith et al. (2013), is a
temperature of less than 36.5 degrees Celsius. This parameter was used by the researchers, and the temperatures of the infants were taken upon birth
and upon NICU admissions as well as admission time for both the control and intervention groups. The temperature was taken axillary on the infant at
birth, upon admission to the NICU and every 30 minutes using a digital thermometer until the infant reached 120 minutes postadmission. The results
showed that although the usage of wrap increased the temperature in neonates less than 27 weeks old, no statistically significant difference on neonates
27 to 29
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Comparing Nursing Home
As we age, our health declines and tasks that we used to perform alone, we now need help with. The elderly is the fastest growing population, with
little to no one to support them. The dilemma is who cares for the elderly when they have no one? Even those with family support may find that they
need extra assistance. When cost is such a big factor on the type of care one may receive, is a nursing home or assisted home care the best option for
my loved one?
Purpose of the Study The overall purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Medicare's prospective payment system and Medicaid's
preadmission regulations on long–term care. For patients in high–Medicare nursing homes, the prevalence of medical problems and problems requiring
skilled ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To assess the extent to which key two–group differences for single variables persisted in multivariate analyses, researchers used multiple–T2 tests (from
discriminant–function analysis). Variables that yielded the most significant univariate results were always among the most significant factors in
multivariate analyses. Research verified their contribution to the patterns of results while also taking into consideration their interrelations with other
attributes of the patients. (Shaughnessy,

Essay On Dementia Diagnosis
Dementia was the leading cause of burden in older Australians in 2011 and the second leading cause of death in Australia in 2013, making it a
national health priority (1, 2). Timely diagnosis of dementia is essential, as pertinent issues such as options for pharmacological management, prognosis
and Advanced Care Planning (ACP) can be addressed (3, 4). Despite this, multiple barriers hinder timely dementia diagnosis, ranging from lack of
knowledge in recognising dementia symptoms and time constraints among medical professionals, to fear of stigma, thus resulting in delayed diagnosis
(5, 6). International guidelines such as the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) pathways in the United Kingdom (UK) advocate
referrals to... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Comparatively, this study shows a larger proportion of patients with dementia being diagnosed in hospitals. It is important to acknowledge that
sampling a population in a subacute hospital in this study may potentially over–represent this. However, it is somewhat concerning to have large
proportions of patients who are first diagnosed with dementia in a hospital setting, as this tends to occur in the condition of acute medical illness, and
may reflect on missed opportunities for earlier dementia diagnosis when the patient is well, which may have enabled earlier

Quantitative Ultrasound (BMD)
BMD measurement
All participants underwent calcaneal quantitative ultrasound (QUS) scanning to measure their peripheral BMD. Indeed, QUS method offers an
alternative way for bone status evaluation when the limited access to the dual–energy X–ray absorptiometry (DXA) is an issue and the aim is to screen
for osteoporosis. Besides, QUS is inexpensive and more portable compared to DXA, while maintaining safety through evading the exposure to the
ionizing radiation by DXA (Chin et al., 2013). Moreover, calcaneal QUS and DXA at various anatomic sites were shown to be correlated in several
studies, and the measured calcaneal BMD by QUS was efficient and analogous to the measured hip BMD using DXA in hip fracture prediction
(Moayyeri et al., 2012; Chin et al., 2013). To ensure that the QUS device was generating accurate measures, daily calibration of the device was
performed by means of a phantom provided by the manufacturer. The device uses the ultrasound pulse penetration technique that computes the speed of
sound (Baroncelli, 2008). Subsequently, the T–score are instantly derived. The T–score, which is used to describe the BMD, is defined as the number
of standard deviations above or below the mean BMD of a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to the WHO diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis, peripheral BMD measured in this study gave an estimation of the osteoporotic condition of
the participants as per the followings: a T–score of М¶ 1 or more denotes normal BMD, whereas a T–score less than М¶ 1 indicates abnormal BMD
(i.e., osteopenic or osteoporotic bone

Consumer vs. Physicians Attitudes Toward Health Products...
Consumer vs. Physicians attitudes toward health products advertising
Nowadays many advertisements of health products are placed on many satellite channels. These health products include medications. Accordingly,
consumers may perceive these ads in a way that differs from physicians and each would have different attitudes. Previous studies have shown that
physicians generally would be opposed to health care advertising for a number of reasons. For example, doctors might feel that medical professionals
should eschew advertising because: "the public must be protected against fraudulent and unscrupulous promoters;" "advertising would lower the
prestige of professionals in the public's eye;" and "it is an expense which would not necessarily ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This way the unauthorized untrained people, who advertise on medicines as a type of a business strategy, will dare not to abuse the people's illiteracy
of their true aims and will not manage to commercialize a medicine that was proven by the government to be a faked one. People will then be more
aware and careful not to take for granted any medicine they see in an ad (Sayre, 1907).
G. N. Watson (1918) said that there are laws in Kansas which relate to medicine that state:
1– Any official medicine prepared should be formed by the US pharmacy should conform to quality, strength and purity of the tests.
2– Any official medicine prepared should conform to preparations of the product created from official components and by process of the official
formula of its preparation (Watson, 1918).
He mentioned that another regulation stated that a drug having a certain brand name and recognized for it in the US National Formula or pharmacy,
should have the same purity, strength and quality as the standard medicine prescribed for a medicine of the same standard name in the US National
Formula or pharmacy, official at similar timing of sale; offering in case of electric drug or homeopathic similar requirements are to be followed by
legal standards (Watson, 1918).
The author mentioned that Kansas State Drug Lab tested and reported to the State of Health Board, for the past decade 6000 drug, official medicine
and coffee, oils, and spices

The Content Management System ( Cms ) Usage
The author of the above mentioned article is Ruth Sara Connell, an Associate Professor of Library Services and Electronic Librarian at Christopher
Center Library Services of Valparaiso University, Indiana, USA. Up to date, she has published 11 journal articles and one printed book (Valparaiso
University, 2015).
This article is taken from the journal titled Information Technology and Libraries (ITAL). ITAL is the official scholarly peer reviewed journal of the
Library and Information Technology Association (LITA), a division of theAmerican Library Association (ALA). This journal reviews and publishes
articles in the following areas related to library automation, the Internet and other aspects of information technology (American Library Association,
2015).
The purpose of this study was to "examine Content Management System (CMS) usage within the academic library market and to provide librarians
quantitative and qualitative knowledge to help make decisions when considering switching to, or between, CMSs." (Connell, 2013) The author's
purpose was concisely and clearly stated and was in agreement with the title of the article.
The objectives of this study were four folds, namely "to determine (1) the level of saturation of CMSs in the academic library community; (2) the most
popular CMSs within academic libraries, the reasons for the selection of those systems, and satisfaction with those CMSs; (3) if there is a relationship
between libraries with their own dedicated

Ronald Aylmer Fisher Research Paper
Sir Ronald Aylmer Fisher is noted as one of the most influential scientists of the twentieth century. Described by Danish statistician, Anders Hald, as "a
genius who almost single–handedly created the foundations for modern statistical science," Fisher is most known for his contributions to experimental
design. Though Fisher is mostly regarded as a statistician, he was mainly interested in evolution and genetics, especially eugenics, from an early age.
However, he felt that he could contribute more to the field of biology as a statistician than he could as a biologist, which proved true. Some of his most
famous contributions include Fisher's exact test, Fisher's Principle, F–distribution, etc. Ronald Aylmer Fisher was born February 17, 1890 in London,
England, to George Fisher, a... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
His father's business allowed the family to live a more luxurious lifestyle. However, at age 14 Fisher's mother died of peritonitis and his father's
business fell through a year later, forcing the family to move from their mansion in Hampstead to a small house in one of the poorest parts of England
at the time, Streatham. Despite the fact his family could no long afford to send Fisher to Harrow school, he stayed with the help scholarships awarded
to him for his academic achievements. In addition to his family's misfortunes, Ronald Fisher had extremely poor eyesight. However, the
shortsightedness taught Fisher to approach mathematics in a way many cannot. He was able to visualize math problems and solve them in his head
rather working them out on paper, using calculations and proof, like most other people. While the shortsightedness

D
The papers discussed in the review explore the mechanisms through which ART may increased the incidence of strokes. The three mechanisms that
were explored were: increased risk for atherosclerotic plaques, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammatory markers in HIV.
Antiretroviral therapy increases risk for atherosclerotic plaques:
La Bounty et al. (2015) conducted a cross–sectional study to compare carotid artery wall thickness between 26 HIV positive individuals on HAART
and 20 controls without HIV but with comparable cardiovascular risk factors. Wall thickness was evaluated using a 3.0T non–contrast MRI. Cases
were included in the study on the basis of male gender, ages between 35–55 years and continuous ART therapy for в‰Ґ 3 years. ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Controls were tested for HIV to confirm the absence of HIV infection and cases had serological testing to confirm HIV infection. MRIs were
performed using a 3.0–Tesla whole–body scanner and a bilateral four–channel carotid surface coil. Imaging was performed independently for bilateral
common carotid arteries. An experienced reader was single–blinded to all variables and controls and cases were assessed in a random pattern. Data with
normal distribution were compared using a t–test while measurements without normal distribution were compared using the Mann–Whitney U–test.
Categorical data comparisons were made utilizing Fisher's exact test. Furthermore, linear regressions were performed to analyze mean value for left and
right common carotid arteries Both cases and controls did not have statistically significant differences in demographics, medical history, body mass
index, medication use, blood pressure, fasting cholesterol and glucose. HIV infected individuals were more likely to report non–injecting illicit drug use
and had higher rates of clinical lipodystrophy and greater resting heart rates. Cases showed an increased common carotid artery wall thickness diameter
(mm) (Left: 0.88 В± 0.08; Right: 0.90 В± 0.10) when compared to the controls (Left: 0.83 В± 0.08, p = 0.03; Right: 0.85 В± 0.07, p = 0.046). No
differences were observed in external cholesterol and glucose

Genetic Disease: Sickle Cell Anemia
The focal point of this journal article focused on how the inherited genetic disease; Sickle cell anemia, is influenced by ethnicity and ancestry; two key
categories that must be considered when explaining genetic associations and comparing traits amongst a population. This article compared the genetic
profiles of African Americans with sickle cell disease to individuals of the Caucasian/ European descent and African descent. They discovered that
although there is slight genetic comparison between ethnicity, there are more similarity in relation to ancestry and the Sickle cell trait. Three ancestry's
that resonated the most were the Mandinka's, Yoruba's, and Bantu from West Africa. In this study, researchers combined genome data from different
...
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Sickle cell disease is an inherited blood disorders which leads to an abnormal hemoglobin or red blood cell shape. Hemoglobin is the protein found in
red blood cells which transports oxygen throughout the body. Sickle cell disease is inherited by being passed on through genes from parents to their
offspring. It is not a contagious as one cannot contract it through an infection or being with someone else. Individuals with Sickle cell disease inherit
two abnormal hemoglobin genes from each parent respectively. The alteration in the composure of hemoglobin of someone with sickle cell leads to
the change in red blood cell shape from a normal circle to a sickle shape. This leads to blood clotting, dehydration, anemia, and low oxygen in tissues.
Furthermore, some other negative side effects of Sickle cell anemia are weakened bones and an overworked heart. Although Sickle cell has no
present–day cure, there are experimental trials being conducted through bone marrow transplant and has proven effective. The primary goal of this
transplant study is to reduce and ultimately eliminate the frequency of the Sickle cell episodes, crisis maintain normal hemoglobin levels. There are
ways to prevent episodic sickle cell crisis such as staying adequately hydrated, limiting physical activities, blood transfusions and taking

Megapro Subjects Essay
The Successful Delivery of Megaprojects: A Novel Research
Introduction
Megaprojects are the temporary undertakings portrayed by extensive speculation responsibility, complicated nature, and durable on the economy, the
earth, and society. Megaprojects includes the production of energy plants, oil and gas extraction plants, airports and handling projects, railroads,
motorways, dams, and even social occasions, such as the Olympic games or all–inclusive articles. Their prerequisites for the coordination and control
of a complex collection of financial, social, and specialized assets to transform them into reality are the things that megaprojects have in common. In
spite of their criticality, megaprojects are related with to a great degree poor conveyance execution and long–term benefits acknowledgment. The
effective exchange of learning across projects and megaprojects has been a long–held want by those engaged with their outline and conveyance.
This article gives a strategy to recognize in a quantitative and thorough way the megaproject attributes related to extend administration achievement
pointers. It likewise intends ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The chi–squared test (Leach, 1979) is a typical one when managing vast specimens depicted by absolute information (coal control plant, atomic power
plant, sun–powered power plant, and so on.). The creators connected the FET rather to research the potential connections between the beforehand
characterized free and ward megaproject factors. The other approach, which has as of late picked up prevalence in the undertaking administration
writing, utilizes diverse ML systems to set up prescient models for the conduct and results of tasks depicted by their qualities (Cheng, Wu, and Wu,
2010; Le, Caldas, Gibson, and Thole, 2009; Son, Kim, and Kim, 2012; Wang and Gibson, 2010; Williams and Gong,

The Importance Of Blood Test Experiments
Blood test measurements were gathering data on the following variables: LDL–P concentrations and particle analysis, LDL–C concentrations, HDL
concentrations, lipoprotein levels, and triglyceride levels. Other variables the researchers were interested in were 125I–LDL concentrations in urine,
degree of stenosis in extracranial and intracranial arteries, stroke severity, functional outcome 3 months post stroke, CVD and related stroke events,
and LDL receptor types. The variables that the researchers controlled for in these particular studies were the types of patients used, such as excluding
patients due to not agreeing to have a blood sample taken, those with prior risk for cardiac sourced embolism, and specific diets for the patients... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The two most common methods to gathering data utilized by the researchers in the various FH studies either employed direct data collection, such as
from medical records from their visits with physicians or while they are inpatient in a hospital, or the researchers would change some aspect of the
person's life and then collect pertinent data over a set time period. The independent variables that these studies focused on included hypertensive meds,
antidiabetic meds, lipid–lowering meds, statins, intestinal cholesterol absorption inhibitors, prescription omega 3 fatty acids, and antiplatelet agents that
the patients were put on by their physicians, along with an isocaloric diet created specifically for that particular study, the IV injected solution for the
lipoprotein turnover studies, and the lard–based diet. The dependent variables that have been studied thus far include the degree of stenosis, stroke
severity, functional outcome, LDL particle size, the lipid profile variables including total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL measurement, catabolic rate of
LDL, plasma triglyceride concentrations, LDL receptor activity, and sterol excretion. The secondary analysis

Gender Stereotypes In Television Commercials
Portrayal of Gender Stereotypes in Children's Television Commercials.
Liuyi Bian
University of Florida
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in gender portrayal in children's television commercials. The hypothesis that stated, if an
observed television program is determined to be intended for girls, then the colors used in the commercials would be predominantly intended for girls,
is strongly supported. To do content analysis, we first gathered a sample of 50 television commercials aired on children's television channels between 8
to 10 PMпјЊ then we coded each of the predictor and criterion variables and conducted a chi–square test. Our results indicate that most girl oriented
television programs presented commercials that incorporated girl stereotypical colors. Furthermore, girls are often associated with bright and pastel
colors while boys are associated more with neutral colors.
Portrayal of Gender Stereotypes in Children's Commercials
Introduction
Upon birth, everyone is acknowledged as either male or female. Excluding physical characteristics, men and women are often separated into two ends
of a spectrum. Yet instead of a clearly divided line, what separates the two is in fact common societal standards and beliefs; these include cultural and
gender norms and stereotypes. Who established these supposed "universal standards", and in what other ways were they introduced to the general
public? One of the most

The Study Of Osteoporotic Fractures
We utilized data from the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF)(36), a prospective cohort study of community–dwelling women aged 65 years and
older in 1986–1988 (SOF visit 1). In brief, 9,704 predominantly Caucasian older women were recruited from population–based listings in 4 locations in
the United States as follows: Baltimore, Maryland; Minneapolis, Minnesota; Monongahela Valley (near Pittsburgh), Pennsylvania; and Portland,
Oregon. Starting with the initial visit (visit 1), participants attended clinic visits approximately every 2 years. An additional 662 African–American
older women were recruited during SOF visit 6 (1997–1998). Women were not enrolled in SOF only if they were unable to walk without assistance and
had not previously undergone a bilateral hip replacement. The institutional review board at each site approved the study and participants provided
written informed consent.
For this prospective cohort study, SOF visit 8 served as the baseline visit and SOF visit 9 served as the follow–up visit. At SOF visit 9, 1,513 women
from 3 of the 4 original SOF sites attended a clinic visit for a cognitive status assessment, and therefore only participants from those 3 sites are
included in this study. We included 1,470 women (40% of survivors in participating sites) who hadanxiety assessment at SOF visit 8 (2002–2004;
baseline) and had cognitive status assessment at SOF visit 9 (2006–2008; follow–up). Of those 1,470 women with complete exposure and outcome
data, we

Hc Cohort
In our cohorts we prospectively recruited patients with HCC presented at MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) from January 2000–May 2008 and
used as a training cohort. Then, we enrolled patients from the same institution from June 2008–January 2011 and used as the first independent
prospective validation cohort and also from different institution, Assiut University Hospital, Egypt from April 2012– September 2013 as the second
independent prospective validation cohort. This study was approved by the two institutional Review Boards. Written informed consent for participation
was obtained from each study participant. We recruited all patients diagnosed with HCC either pathologically or radiologically confirmed. For the
three HCC cohorts, the study involved pathologically or radiologically confirmed HCC; the diagnosis was based ... Show more content on
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Univariate analysis was done using the X2 or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables and the Kruskal–Wallis test for continuous variables. Detailed
descriptions of the steps for detecting IGF–1 cut–off points were previously published. (REF) Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate the median
overall survival (OS) which is the time interval between the date of the blood draw for IGF–1 measurement and the death date or the last follow–up
date. The log rank test used to detect the statistical significance between the subgroups in both CTP score and the new IGF–CTP score. Cox
proportional hazard model used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) to identify independent prognostic factors for
overall survival. R– Programing software used to calculate the Harrell's C–index and U–statistics to compare the prognostic performance of both scores
among the three cohorts. A two–sided P value as descriptive measures was considered statistically significant if less than

COPD Case Study Essay
RATIONALE
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a major financial burden to our healthcare system. In 2015, the Centers for Medicare &
Medicaid Services started imposing a financial penalty for hospitals with excess rates of COPD readmissions. We investigated the effectiveness of a
Discharge Checklist in reducing the rates of 30–day readmission in a cohort of high risk patients admitted with COPD exacerbation.
METHODS
We conducted a 12 month randomized prospective case–control study on patients diagnosed with acute COPD exacerbation from December 2016 to
November 2017. The case cohort was administered a Discharge Checklist at the time of hospital discharge while the patients in the control group
underwent usual discharge care. The Discharge Checklist included identification of factors such as non–compliance, inappropriate oxygen use,
inappropriate inhaler technique and lack of follow up. In addition, we measured the Peak Inspiratory Flow (PIF) and adjusted the home inhalers based
on the PIF. The electronic health record was used to look for evidence of readmissions. The primary outcome measured was the 30–day readmission
rates of the cases compared to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
51 patients (46.8%) were assigned to the case cohort and 58 patients (53.2%) were assigned to the control cohort. The difference in the rate of 30–day
readmission between cases (21.6%) and controls (13.8%) was not statistically significant (P = 0.3203). The overall rate of 30–day readmission in the
study population was 17.4%. The mean hospital length of stay was similar between both groups. A history of COPD exacerbation in the preceding 12
months was the only significant predictor of 30–day readmission (P = 0.0114). The mean PIF (50.4 В± 19.35 L/min, n = 49) was similar between the
patients with a 30–day readmission and those without (P = 0.7608). There was a significant negative correlation between PIF and patient's age (r =
–0.378; P =

Improving Nursing Care: Examining Errors Of Omission
Where was the setting of the study? The article "Improving Nursing Care: Examining Errors of Omission" is a cross–sectional, descriptive,
nonexperimental study that examines the relationship between nursing care and missed care and the effects it has on the quality of patient care. The
setting for the study takes place at three acute care hospitals in central New York. (medsurg nursing, 2017) What are the variables being measured? The
dependent variable in the study is missed or omitted care for patients such as ambulating patients, turning patients, overdue or delayed medication
administration, hygiene, intake and output documentation, patient education, delayed or missed feedings, and discharge planning (medsurg nursing,
2017). These areas of missed care have poor patient outcomes such as infection, skin integrity issues, medication errors, delay in care, poor care quality,
decrease in patient satisfaction and failure to rescue. The independent variable are the reasons for missed or omitted nursing care such as inadequate
staffing, excessive time for intervention, poor use of staff resources, ineffective delegation, lack of material resources, and lack communication
(medsurg nursing, 2017).... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After receiving approval from the IRB, a letter explaining the study was sent with the voluntary, anonymous MISSCARE survey to potential
participants via email. The survey is a questionnaire. Questionnaires often utilize nominal measures to record closed–ended questions and entering data
for collection and analysis. (Schmidt & Brown, 2015) The authors surveyed a convenience sample of 537 full time and part–time clinical care RN's,
LPN's, and NAs. (medsurg nursing,

Sample Population Of 303 Beneficiaries Received Palliative...
Results
The final sample population of 303 beneficiaries received palliative radiation treatment in 2014 to bone metastases. Of those 303 beneficiaries, 24
beneficiaries (7.92%) had single–fraction treatments and 279 beneficiaries (92.1%) had multi–fraction treatments. The majority were 65–75 years of
age (n=129; 42.6%) and 76–85 years of age (n=106; 35%). The mean age was 73.3 years, and the majority were Caucasian (n=276; 91.1%). The
majority of all radiation treatments are in the Southeast (n=123; 40.6%) and gender was mostly balanced, with slightly more males than females.
Overall, in our study the most common type of primary cancer to receive radiation for bone metastases are those with a primary diagnosis of lung
cancer. Table 1 titled Demographic and Primary Malignancy Characteristics, provides a summary of the demographics.
Of the 25 beneficiaries that received a single–fraction course of treatment, the most common site of primary diagnosis was lung (n=10; 55.6%),
prostate (n=3; 16.7%) and kidney (n=2; 11.1%). The mean age was 74.5 years and gender was proportionate. The majority of patients were from the
southeast region (n=12; 50%) of the US. Most beneficiaries were in the age group 76–85 (n=12; 50%), followed by 65–75 year olds (n =8; 33.3%).
Of the 278 beneficiaries that received multi–fraction course of treatment, the most common primary diagnosis was lung (n=57; 24.3%), prostate
(n=52; 22.1%) and breast (n=48; 20.4%). The mean age was 73.6 years of age and

Oral Sub-Mucosal Tissue, Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma )
Cytokeratin –19 Expression in normal oral mucosal tissue, oral sub mucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma–An immunohistochemical study
ABSTRACT: Objective: The present study is carried out to characterize the CK19 profile in Normal oral mucosa, OSF and Oral Squamous cell
carcinoma and ascertain if this could be used as a surrogate marker for malignant transformation Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemical
analysis of 10 NOM, 35 OSF and 10 oral SCC cases taken from patients and archives using cytokeratin 19 was done and the data were correlated.
Results: Fourteen% (14%) of OSF cases, 0% of SCC and 20% of NOM tissue were negative for CK–14 staining. 31% of OSF cases, 10% of SCC and
10% of NOM tissue showed mild staining. 37%... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The study provides a detailed interaction between OSF and cytokeratin 19 and analyses its surrogate marker potential Materials and Methods
Hypotheses to be tested: Whether cytokeratin–19 can be used as a surrogate marker for malignant transformation of oral submucous fibrosis Source of
data: 35 cases of oral submucos fibrosis, 10 normal oral mucosal tissue and 10 of oral squamous cell carcinoma were taken for the study.
Confirmed Oral submucos fibrosis progressing cases to oral squamous cell carcinoma were taken for this study and were collected from
department archives and the patients attending the department of oral medicine, oral surgery and other departments of Yenepoya Dental College,
Mangalore,Karnataka,India after the taking informed patients concern. Normal oral mucosa tissue samples were obtained from 10 patients during
surgical removal of the third molar tooth after taking informed patients concern. Ten paraffin embedded blocks or sections of already diagnosed
cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma which were progressed from oral submous fibrosis were obtained from the archives. Sample Size 55 cases. 1)10
of Normal oral mucosa tissue 2)35 of Oral sub mucous fibrosis 3)10 of Oral squamous cell carcinoma Inclusion: Histologically confirmed cases of
oral sub mucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma were included Exclusion: Sections of size less than 2Вµm were

Interlaminar Epidural Injections: A Case Study
Spinal stenosis of the lumbar vertebral column is commonly found in patients with chronic lower back, in combination with lower extremity pain.
Methods of treatment for the condition include: Interlaminar Epidural Injection, Transforaminal Epidural Injection and Caudal Epidural Injection.
Although there is a lot of literature to be found on Caudal Epidural Injections for pain relief related to Lumbar Spinal Stenosis, Interlaminar Epidural
Injections are fairly new to the world of research. Manchikanti et al., of the Pain Management Center of Paducah located in Paducah, Kentucky, tested
whether or not long–lasting pain relief could be accomplished with Interlaminar Epidural Injections, and if there was a significant difference in pain
relief when injections were given with lidocaine, a local anesthetic, alone versus injections given with lidocaine and steroid.... Show more content on
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120 patients were randomized by a computer–generated random allocations sequence into 2 groups of 60. Group I received Interlaminar Epidural
Injections with local anesthetic only, and Group II received Interlaminar Epidural Injections with local anesthetic combined with nonparticulate
Betamethasone. The study patients as well as the medical staff administering the injections were unaware of the patients' assigned groups. The
injections were also clear so no difference could be observed. An additional blinding was performed by mixing non–study patients coming in for
routine injections with study

Who Is Fisher As Anything Less Than A Genius?
It is beyond reproach to think of R.A. Fisher as anything less than a genius. In the world of statistics he is a hero whose status in history is justifiably
brilliant. However, in the late 1950's, towards the end of his career, Fisher perplexingly became a staunch opponent of the tobacco hypothesis. Fisher
would go on to hold public lectures, using his credentials in an attempt to marginalize the epidemiological data in support of the tobacco hypothesis. To
understand Fisher's staunch position, one should reflect upon a series of events or happenstances that helped define Fisher(44).
Fisher's daughter and biographer, Joann Fisher Box, paid special attention to three seemingly superficial aspects of her father's life that helped mold
Fisher the man. Joann Box recounts in R.A. Fisher – The Life of a Scientist, how her father's failing vision, the Great War, and a deep concern for
western European civilization informed her father's convictions. Fisher wore thick glasses and had a hard time seeing details distal to arm's length.
Some historians have hypothesized that Fisher's uncorrected eyesight as a child led him to solve mathematical problems by visualizing them in his
mind. It has even been suggested that Fisher's eyesight limited his ability to work with large datasets, forcing him to closely evaluate smaller samples;
perhaps leading to Fisher's Exact Test. Additionally, Fisher was a principled man, who held a deep sense of civic duty. It was not surprising that Fisher

Cataplexy: A Case Study
Role of the Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Cataplexy (Oishi et al.) The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not inhibiting the medial
prefrontal cortex (mPFC) reduced positive emotion–triggered cataplexy and to study the brain sites activated during positive emotion–triggered
cataplexy. The researchers used chocolate as the cataplexy trigger, as mice have a strong positive emotional reaction to it. Cataplexy is characterized
by an instant loss of muscle tone via efferent shunting usually found in narcolepsy. The efferent shunting can reduce muscle tone anywhere from select
areas of the body to the entire body. High bursts of positive emotions can cause bouts of cataplexy and is a phenomenon that has been observed for
more than 100 years. Despite how long this has been observed, (Oishi et al.) insist that little to nothing is understood about the circuits that are
responsible for this phenomena. To examine a model for cataplexy in mice, the team had to examine orexin knock–out mice. These mice had their
genetic codes for the... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
AAV microinjections were done in the anterior cingulate cortex and prelimbic cortex. The mice were given access to food and water at all times,
and were given the same exact living conditions. After AAV injections, the mice were put in individual housing, but before then, lived together.
Following AAV injection, mice were implanted with epidural screw electrodes. This was done to record electroencephalogram activity. Fine stainless
steel wires were implanted into the neck extensor muscles to record electromyogram activity. All implanting was done after mice were injected with
ketamine or xylazine. Fluorescent tracing proteins were also injected with the AAV. After a recovery time of 10 days, the mice were then habituated
to the cables for 3 days before they were to be recorded. The EEG and EMG recordings were recorded with SleepSign

Critique Of The Maternal Repositioning During The Labor...
Introduction The research article that was chosen for critique was regarding the maternal repositioning during the labor process and does this impact
the progression of the birthing process. Upon reviewing this article, it was obvious that the findings were in favor of maternal position changes
during labor, and that it did indeed have a positive impact on the progression of the labor process. The findings of a positive impact on labor were
indicated by maternal and fetal monitoring, maternal opinion of the labor process, and the length of stages of labor. Below is an analysis of the article
that was chosen to critique.
Statement of the Problem As healthcare professionals it is our responsibility provide the best evidence–based care, that produce desirable outcomes for
the patient. During the labor and delivery process many critical issue can arise for many reasons. One critical issue is the length of labor for the
mother and fetus. A long labor process can result in maternal exhaustion, intolerance of labor for the fetus, and failure to descend. All of these reasons
can result in a cesarean section. Maternal repositioning during labor helps achieve the safest desirable patient outcome.
Research
The article that was critiqued is Ganapathy, T. (2012).Childbirth in Supported Maternal Position. International Journal of Nursing Education, 4(2),
87–91. EBSCOHOST was the search engine used to find this article that will be critiqued. This article was published in

Long Term Memory
Each item on the quiz corresponded to an individual slide that was presented, but all the questions on the quiz were in random order. This was done to
measure how much information was retained by the subjects' short term memory. One week later, the exact same quiz was administered again to the
same sample of students. This time, however, the test looked to see how much information students recalled in terms of long term memory.
Since the researchers defined remembrance as "an increase in retention test performance of one item or more from the short term to long term
retention test" (Farley and Grant, 1976, p. 149), they found that people did recall more information and forgot less if they were exposed to the colorful
slides. The number of

Randomized Trial Of Metformin Vs Insulin
1.2.3.4.5.
Author, Title, & Year
Authors
Spaulonci, Bernardes, Trindale, Zugaib, Francisco
Title
Randomized trial of metformin vs insulin in the management of gestational diabetes
Year:
2013Authors:
Kitwitee, Limwattananon, Limwattanon, Waleekachonlert, Ratanachotpanich, Phimphilai, Nguyen, Pongchaiyakul
Title
Metformin for the treatment of gestational diabetes: An updated meta–analysis
Year
2015Authors:
Corbould, Swinton, Radford, Campbell,
McBeath, Dennis
Title
Fasting blood glucose predicts response to extended–release Metformin in gestation diabetes mellitus
Year
2012Authors:
Gandhi, Bustani, Madhuvrata, Farrell
Title
Introduction of metformin for gestational diabetes mellitus in clinical practice: has it had an impact?
Year... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After excluding criteria that failed to meet inclusion criteria, eight studies were included in the final analysis
Seventy–one women who had GDM at 24 weeks' gestation but before 32 weeks using the Australian Diabetes in Pregnancy Society criteria. From May

2008 to April 2009, women with GDM were offered metformin as an alternative to insulin.
Inclusion criteria included: diagnosis of GDM between 24–32 weeks of gestation, singleton pregnancy, no pregnancy complications and no documented
intolerances from Metformin.592 women with GDM were enrolled in the study. 299 did not receive metformin while 293 received metformin along
with diet and exercise.A total of 200 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM. Group A (n=100) was treated with metformin, and group B (n=100) was
treated with insulin.
Independent and Dependent VariablesDependent Variable:
Maternal outcome such as: frequency of preeclampsia, rate of C–section, maternal weight gain
Neonatal outcome such as: 1– and 5– minute Apgar score, umbilical cord pH, macrosomnia, neonatal hypoglycemia.
Independent Variable:
Use of Metformin in the treatment of GDM vs insulinDependent Variable:
Maternal outcome such as: frequency of preeclampsia, rate of C–section, maternal weight gain
Neonatal outcome such as: 1– and 5– minute Apgar score, umbilical cord pH, macrosomnia, neonatal hypoglycemia.
Independent Variable:
Use of Metformin in the treatment

Health State Of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
The data was obtained from the Alberta 's Caring for Diabetes (ABCD) project, a prospective observational study conducted in Alberta and funded by
Alberta Health. The objectives of this study were to characterize and monitor the health state of patients with type 2 diabetes and their satisfaction with
the health–care provided in the province. Further information on the design, rationale and baseline characteristics of the study sample can be found
elsewhere [13] [14]. Study population The study included 2040 individuals over 18 years old with type 2 diabetes, who could communicate in English
and signed the consent form. The recruitment period was from December 2011 to December 2013. Measures A self–administered questionnaire was
mailed to all participants who completed the informed consent form. The survey included questions on socio–demographic, diabetes–related variables,
comorbidities, care management, health and lifestyle variables and health–related quality of life. Additional questions on foot complications were also
included in the survey. Participants were asked to report if they have ever had any of the following foot problems: neuropathy, peripheral vascular
disease (PVD), ulcer/infection, and gangrene/amputation. Participants who answered as "yes" for the following comorbidities were assumed to have
them present by the time the survey was filled: obesity, respiratory problems, arthritis, thyroid problems, cancer, retinopathy, kidney failure, heart
disease and

Coping With Bipolar Disorder Through Self-Medicating With
Coping with Bipolar Disorder through self–medicating with Alcohol
Brianna Moore
East Stroudsburg University
A common way to cope with bipolar disorder is through the use of alcohol. While some people with bipolar disorder cope with medication prescribed
to them by a doctor, many other patients will depend on self–medication through the use of alcohol.
Bipolar Disorder is a disorder when a person who suffers from it can have moments of depressive symptoms but also have episodes of mania. Bipolar
disorder is also known as manic depression. Mania in a person can be described as having rapid thoughts, aggression, increased physical activity, and
many more symptoms. The depressive symptoms in a person with bipolar can be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Serotonin is the reason for the mania in bipolar disorder whereas the other two chemicals is what creates depression and bipolar disorder. There
are different ways to cope with bipolar disorder and the feelings that one feels when going through episodes. There are many ways to cope with
bipolar disorder, some more effective than others. Ways that people with bipolar disorder cope are through psychotherapy, medications, substance
abuse, electric shock therapy and more methods that are not mentioned above. Psychotherapy is a way of coping through talking with a counselor;
this is able to help because the patient is able to talk about what is bothering them and the way that one is feeling at the time. However, bipolar
disorder needs more then psychotherapy since it is a chemical imbalance. Bipolar disorder can be helped with medications that can help fix the
imbalance. "Pharmacotherapy is still the essential treatment for the acute mania in bipolar disorder. The only drugs that were approved by the FDA
were lithium and chlorpromazine." (quote acute mania) As years went by the more new discoveries were made for different mood stabilizers to treat
bipolar disorder. When being prescribed to any medication for mental illness, the therapist should make sure that they are giving the correct dosages for
the patient and making sure the side effects if any, are not irrational or making the symptoms worse rather than better. One of the typical and most used

Dyspnea Case Study
Protocol
Patients were randomized in block size of four as follows:
в–єTG: 16 patients received 1 gm of taurine capsule (Now Foods, USA) twice daily in addition to maximum tolerated doses of guideline directed
medical therapy [ACE–I or ARBs, BBs, Loop Diuretics and MRAs] for two months.
в–єCG: 18 patients received only maximum tolerated doses of guideline directed medical therapy for two months.
At baseline patients underwent full clinical and laboratory assessment. A thorough patient history was taken. Assessment of functional capacity and
degree of Dyspnea was done according to "NYHA class". The Quality of life was evaluated by using the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure
Questionnaire (MLHFQ). A 2 ml blood sample was obtained for... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Categorical data were summarized as percentages (%) or number (n). Comparison between groups was done using the unpaired t–test or
Mann–Whitney test as appropriate. Comparison within each group (baseline versus after two months) was done using the Wilcoxon signed rank test.
Chi–Square test or Fisher's exact test were used for categorical variables. Percent change was calculated as follows:
[(current value – baseline value )/(baseline value)]x 100
Statistical significance was considered for p–value < 0.05.
Results:
From September 2014 to October 2015, a total of 94 patients admitted to CR unit were assessed for eligibility. 60 Patients fulfilled the criteria and 42
patients accepted to participate in the study with only 34 patients who continued to the end of the study.
At Baseline the two groups were comparable in all variables except for LVESV, patients in the CG had significantly higher LVESV values (p = 0.03),
(table 1). Both groups were comparable for the medications administered except that the CG had higher number of patients receiving nitrates (p =
0.01), (table 2).
NT–proBNP
There was a significant decline in NT–proBNP levels after two months in both the TG (from 216.4 [89.4 – 363.2] to 120.1 [36.7 – 307.7], p=0.009) and
CG (from 352.7 [130.9 – 601.9] to 208.82 [112.1 – 374.4], p=0.002). However, when comparing the percent change of NT–proBNP between the two
groups, there was no significant

Smoking Habits Of The Ohio State University Students Essay
Introduction: According to the Center of Disease Control national survey, smoking habits have significantly decreased in the United States (CDC).
With medical evidence and stricter regulations, smoking traditional tobacco cigarettes are perceived as a concerning habit. As traditional cigarette
usage declines, the use of electronic cigarettes (e–cigarettes) have been a popular alternative, especially prominent among young adults ages 18–24
years old (CDC). E–cigarettes are inhaled in a liquid vapor form however, like traditional cigarettes, have highly addictive toxins and carcinogens (Stop
Cancer Fund). In relation with national smoking habits of traditional cigarettes and e–cigarettes, this paper analyzing smoking habits of the Ohio State
University students. Many campuses, including the Ohio State University, have implemented tobacco free polices to promote healthier lifestyles for
students, employees and visitors (Tobacco Free OSU). In early 2014, Ohio State issued the tobacco free policy, which prohibits all tobacco–derived
products on university own property and buildings. The 2016 autumn semester was the first time Ohio State implemented required on–campus living
for freshmen and sophomore students. Considering that on–campus housing follow the tobacco free policy, this may constrain students from engaging in
tobacco smoking behavior. We are interested in how the national statistics relate to Ohio State student's smoking habits. Specifically, analyzing the

Contributions And Implications Of Within-Organization...
3.Methods. Reviewer 3 had several comments and recommendations regarding various aspects of our methodology. We followed most of the
recommendations, adding a table of our key constructs, defining them and giving examples. There were more substantive revisions we made based on
reviewer 3's comments Reviewer 3 asked about the implications of using organizational sector as the grouping variable for brokerage roles, rather than
organization. They correctly pointed out that we were not consistent in our use of language through the text, at times using language that implied
within–organization brokerage. We responded to this in three ways. First, we directly acknowledge the issue when describing our measure of
brokerage (pp 15–16). Second,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Appendix B, we removed obscure technical terms (e.g. GWESP) with more intuitive and descriptive terms (e.g., Triadic Closure). 6.Findings. In
response to reviewers 1, we added more details about the nature of the work of the PD provides. Starting on page 25, when we introduce the
brokers identified by our test, we select a few to illustrate the range of work these providers engaged in. Reviewer 1 also questioned our choice of
the four brokers we selected for the illustrative interaction maps. In the section titled Activating and influencing social capital of our Findings, we
added an explicit acknowledgement of our selection of the four brokers. We chose them to make the presentation of our results clearer and easier to
follow, and because their interaction maps were clear and reflective of the broader patterns in the data. Other brokers had too many or too few ties to
make clear, readable maps that illustrate our findings. Reviewer 1 also requested additional qualitative quotes, which we added on pages 30 and 33.
Reviewer 3 suggested that we include a non–technical description of the model's fit to the data and the parameter estimates. We included the former,
but after careful consideration, we decided against include including the latter. We made this decision for two reasons. First, we felt that introducing
and describing the model coefficients would be distracting from the main results of the

A Study on Traffic Violations Essay
A STUDY ON TRAFFIC RULES VIOLATIONS IN CHENNAI
(VANDALUR AND PERANGALUTUR)
Submitted By:
Praveen Kumar A, MBA.
INTRODUCTION Violations in traffic laws are very common in a highly populated country like India. The conditions are even worse in metro cities
like Delhi, Mumbai Bangalore and Chennai. The accidents associated with these violations cause a huge loss to life and property.
Same is the case in Chennai. Being a metro city and a highly populated one also, has a lot of road accidents every year. Despite this the violations in
traffic laws do not reduce. A lot of people disobey the rules every day sometimes willingly and sometimes because they are forced to do so because of
others.
The major traffic laws in India ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Also it has a vast population which causes a lot of traffic on the roads. Knowing these factors help us to collect more accurate data because it enables
us to compare between different situations and make a better analysis. These factors can be identified as:
Overcrowded roads because of a large population, Maximum traffic is observed during office hours i.e. between 8.00–10.00AM and 5.00–8.00PM.
Therefore the maximum violations are also done during these peak hours. Are report includes study during both peak as well as non peak hours. One
another important factor is that since most of the offices are in the areas like Vandalur and Perangalatur, the maximum traffic is observed in these
areas. So these areas experience maximum breaking of traffic laws.
The violations mentioned in the report are:
Overloading of vehicles– it is very common in the case of two wheelers.
Not wearing helmets or seat belts is also a major rule which is not followed and is the cause of many deaths and serious injuries.
Drunken driving and speeding beyond a mentioned limit.
Driving in the wrong direction is one of the key violations.
Not obeying the traffic signals is observed mainly during the peak hours of traffic as everyone is in a rush to reach early.
Thus, these are the basis on which the report is based.

METHODOLOGY
As the traffic violations will give out better results when studied at the places with high density of

Observational Study Design
Study design
This was a multicentre, descriptive, non–interventional, prospective observational study performed between October 2012 and December 2014. A
cross–sectional study was conducted to investigate the current prescription pattern of adjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer with a longitudinal
survey to assess the physician's reason and satisfaction associated with the selected regimen, and treatment compliance.
Selection of site and patients
The sites with physicians qualified to prescribe adjuvant chemotherapy to gastric cancer patients with expertise under healthcare system were selected.
The inclusion criteria were histologically confirmed gastric cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery, who have signed the

Essay On Risk-Dependent Lncrnas
3)Risk–dependent lncRNAs transcripts significantly recaptured both neural tube–specific enhancers that were validated in–vivo and the
neuroblastoma–susceptibility variations that were found by GWASs.
In order to discover oncogenic noncoding loci, we first asked whether deregulated noncoding transcripts between two distinct risk–groups
over–represent functional enhancers that have been evident by tissue–specific enhancer activities and disease–susceptibility alleles in neuroblastoma.
To identify functional enhancers from transcriptome profiling, we have reanalyzed dysregulated transcripts derived from total RNA–seq data
(GSE49711, n=498, tumor cell content >60%) pertaining to neuroblastoma patients with risk–stratifications (28). To ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Specifically, over 1400 positively validated tissue–specific enhancers were downloaded from the VISTA Enhancer Browser (31). These in
–vivo
validation was tissue–specific, thus an empirical p–value was also calculated per type of tissue and enriched for neural tube (empirical P<0.005, Fig
3D). We conclude that risk–group dependent lncRNAs are a powerful metric to indicate tissue–specific functional enhancers. A "risk–dependent
enhancer" was hereafter defined from the neuro–tube–specific enhancers if its locus overlaps with any risk–dependent lncRNAs.
Oncogenic signaling underlying these tissue–specific and risk–dependent enhancers is ready for interpretation. We identified 37 neural tube–specific
risk–dependent enhancers, of which we observed three strong associations to oncogenesis below:
–We first inquired the TF binding potency, as the binding of sequence–specific TFs to cognate motifs is typically required by enhancers to regulate gene
expression (32). 70 human TFs showed significant binding potency (odds>1.5, FDR<0.001, with more than 10% instance proportion), with tumorigenic
regulator FoxM1 among the top 5 (Fig 3E).
–None housekeeping genes were captured, agreeing with the idea that housekeeping genes are in general regulated by simple promoters (1). In contrast,
these TFs significantly over–represent known oncogenes (P=0.01, odds=5) and tumor suppressor genes (P=0.0003, odds=7.5, Fig

Essay On Autism Spectrum Disorders
Young adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), have struggled to obtain employment after completing high school or college. In many studies of
young adults with ASD, low rates of employment are reported (4.1 and 11%) despite their intellectual abilities. Moreover, research on interventions
for adults with ASD is scarce, and only 4% of all studies of ASD in 2010 were longitudinal studies.
Wehman, Schall, McDonough, Kregel, Brooke, Molinelli, Ham, Graham, Riehle, Collins & Thiss used Project SEARCH model (an in–depth
internship program that has facilitated the transition from school) to develop a randomized clinical trial. The purpose was to investigate if, during senior
year of high school, students with ASD obtained employment after ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In addition, only one standardized measure was used in the study to measure adaptive behavior and intensity of support needs: Supports Intensity Scale
(SIS).
The students in the control group proceeded to have the supports identified in their IEP, whereas the students in the treatment group attended class on
the business site for approximately 2 hours each school day, then they rotated through three internships in the hospital. The curriculum focused on
learning work skills, work adaptive behavior (getting around the hospital independently, getting to and from work using public transportation etc.), and
social communication skills. They received case management, job coaching, and support by a collaborative team of professionals from different
disciplines to help them succeed in the intervention. The team was made up by special education teacher and instructional assistant, two full time
employment specialists, project director, a positive behavior support facilitator and research director, a rehabilitation counselor from VR, and an autism
or transition specialist from the LEA.
The study's outcomes showed the intervention as successful. Fisher's Exact test measured the difference in students from the control group and
treatment group obtaining employment after completion of intervention. Out of 24 students in the treatment group, 21 of them were

Quantitative Quasi-Experimental Research Design
A quantitative quasi–experimental research design will be used for this study to evaluate and compare the use of HFS and ICS on CT scores for
undergraduate nursing students in a medical–surgical course. A cross–sectional, two group, pretest–posttest will examine causality in CT scores related
to the intervention of HFS or ICS. Nursing students enrolled in an accelerated licensed practical nurse (LPN) to registered nurse (RN) program in a
community college in Houston, Missouri will serve as the convenience sample. Sample size is unable to be determined at this time, but is expected to
be around 20 students. The maximum number allowed into the program per cohort is 22 students. The HFS will be chosen from published scenarios
using the NLN/Jeffries... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Expert nursing faculty specializing in simulation will be asked to review the selected HFS scenario and ICS to evaluate content validity of the material.
After consent has been obtained from the IRB of Missouri State University and the administrator of TCTC, the sample for the study will be drawn from
volunteer nursing students in the second semester of the accelerated LPN to RN program at TCTC. Nursing students will be informed of the purpose
of the study, data collection methods, time commitment, and risks and benefits. Minimal risk is posed to students participating in this study.
Participation in the simulation will be necessary to meet academic requirements; however, taking part in the study will be considered voluntary.
Students will be informed that withdrawal from the study at any time is permissible without incurring penalties or negative treatment. Anonymity of
participants will be provided by not requiring signatures on consent forms. It will be implied that students who complete the pretest–posttest, consent to
participate in the

Clinical Genetics Department, National Research Centre,...
Association of PPARG Pro12Ala Polymorphism with Metabolic Parameters in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Moushira Zakia*, Naglaa
Hassan a, Hala T. El–Bassyouni b, Sanaa Kamal a, Ramy Mohamed a, Osama Azmy c, Khalda Amr d a Biological Anthropology Department, National
Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt b Clinical Genetics Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt c Reproductive Health Research Department,
National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt d Molecular Genetics Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt Abstract Background: Polycystic
ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. The Pro12Ala polymorphism in the Peroxisome
Proliferator–Activated Receptor–gamma 2 (PPARОі2) gene accounts for metabolic dysfunction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
remain obscure. The aim of the present study was to establish a possible association between PPARОі2 gene pro12ala polymorphism and the metabolic
characteristics in Egyptian women with PCOS. Methods: PPARОі2 gene Pro12Ala polymorphism was assayed by PCR/RFLP methods in 50 PCOS
Egyptian women and 60 healthy women. All subjects were subjected to anthropometry assessment, biochemical and metabolic parameters. Results:
There was no significant difference in PPARОі2 Pro12Ala polymorphism distributions between Egyptian women with PCOS and controls. PCOS
women with the PPARОі2 gene Pro12Ala polymorphism showed statistically significantly higher values in body mass

Prayer In Counseling Paper
Summary
Due to mental health practitioners increasing concern in the utilization of spiritual interventions such as prayer in counseling, research was conducted
to investigate Christian clients' expectations regarding prayer in counseling because no known research currently exists that examined first–visit
Christian clients and their therapists to determine clients' expectations and therapist beliefs and practices. Spirituality has become a frequently
recognized as an important tool in mental health practice in regards to people's well–being. Prayer, emerging as one of the most utilized spiritual
interventions among Christian counselors, including practitioners who work in secular settings who incorporate prayer into their practices deem praying
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Vanilla Cherry, a 35 year old African American woman, diagnosed in 2001, off HIV medications for 5 years, recently fired from Job of 3 years, has
one child son 8 yrs. old (HIV negative); is estranged from husband of 5yrs. she suspects infected her from cheating with other women.
2.Vanilla is currently staying with her mother who is supportive and provided transportation for client to attend her appointment today.
3.Vanilla complains of being more tired than usually; losing approximately 30lbs in 2 weeks; itchy patches of rashes on scalp, back of legs and
arms; white patches on tongue. She is very appreciative of her mom's help but wants to find a job and move on her own, but lacks energy and
motivation to look for work as she is tired all the time.
4.Vanilla after conducting assessment for mental health and substance abuse; has not drink or used drugs for over 18 months but continues to smoke
cigarettes; and lacks knowledge about HIV disease and how this coincides with her quality of life and immune system in achieving positive health
outcomes. Vanilla reports lapse in care due to losing her job and having to take care of her mother when she was

Diabetes In Diabetes
The burden of chronic, non–communicable diseases, such as diabetes, is developing quickly in low and middle countries. This research found that
there is an extent to people lacking in "knowledge about diabetes and its complications, access to diabetes–related health care and treatment, dietary
and lifestyle changes; and family and social supports from individuals living with diabetes" (Anita, Miranda, Cody, & Peter, 2012). Actualizing
administration programs for diabetes for underserved populations, in this case, the indigenous populations in Guatemala are consequently a global
health challenge. PopulationAuthors Anita, Miranda, Cody and Peter constructed a mixed– methods preliminary study consisting of 23 indigenous
adult (>18... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
STATA was being used to perform tests for "significance for differences in sociodemographic variables of the structured interview cohort vs. the
medical chart review cohort" (Anita, et al., 2012). Tests administered in this study were a two–tailed Student's test for continuous parametric variables
(age and duration of diabetes), Fisher's exact test for categorical variables (gender and language), and the Wilcoxon rank–sum test for nonparametric
variables (years of schooling). ResultsSubstantial demographic factors with this preliminary study within both the interview and chart review results
include the lack of sources of patients adhering to protocols. These protocols included symptoms and sequelae, causation, cure, current treatment
methods, costs, medical pluralism and the complexity of treatment, the diabetic diet, social support, and findings of medical chart review. High–quality
clinical diabetes care or diabetes education is to a great extent inaccessible in the municipalities discussed earlier. A critical diagnoses proportion of
diabetes was incidental. Patients were only aware of their effects on diabetes when they were exposed to diabetes–related vision problems or vision
loss. The minority of patients felt that diabetes could be cured or bringing upon a life–long regimen of control was not necessary based on religious
reasons. Informants who followed a

Effect of Schemas on Drawing a Clock Essay
Title An investigation of the effects of schemas on drawing a clock. Introduction A schema according to Henry Gleitman (2007) is a mental
representation that summarises what we know about a certain event or situation. Schemas reflect the fact that many aspects of our experience are
redundant and schemas seek to provide a summary of this redundancy. When an individual encounters an event or situation, they seek to understand it
by relating it to a schema. Schemas are useful not only in providing meaning in an experience, but also filling in the gaps resulting from a failure to
notice all the details of an event or situation. However, reliance on schematic knowledge can lead to memory error, hence causing an individual to
remember the... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Then they were told "Please draw the watch as accurately as possible from memory. You have six minutes to do so." They were told after five
minutes, they had one minute left. Participants were then asked to write on the back of their drawing anything they felt was unusual about the
watch. Drawings were then collected by the experimenter. In the second condition which is called Condition B, participants were told, "I am
going to show you a picture of a watch which I want you to examine visually for one minute. Then I will ask you to draw it from memory. The
watch itself will be removed. You will be allowed six minutes". The picture of the watch was removed after one minute and participants were issued
with pencils, erasers and papers. Then they were told "Please draw the watch as accurately as possible from memory. You have six minutes to do
so." They were told after five minutes, they had one minute left. Participants were then asked to write on the back of their drawing anything they felt
was unusual about the watch. Drawings were then collected by the experimenter. In the third condition which is called Condition C, participants were
issued with pencils, paper, and erasers. They were told, "I would like you to draw a picture of this watch. You have six minutes". The picture of the
watch was kept in full view for the six–minute copying period, and they were told after five minutes, they had one minute left. Participants were then
asked to write on the back of

Data Analysis Processing And Analysis
Data Analysis Processing and Analysis To test the hypothesis that national board certification (primary independent variable) has an effect on
reading scores and reading levels (dependent variable); an ordinal regression analysis was applied using R for statistical analysis and coding of
data. The ordinal regression was used to rank the predictor variables; A. Certification and Years of Experience, B. Advance degree and Years of
Experience, and C. Certification and Advance Degree. In addition, reading levels were ranked from the lowest reading text level to the highest text
level. The reading scores were collected from national board certified and non–national board certified teachers. The data collected included the
beginning of year and end of year reading scores. The dependent variable 'reading score' is likely dependent on more than just board certification.
Predictor variables, including advanced degrees and years of service included in the regression to give a more robust picture of the actual effect of
board certification has on reading scores (McClendon, 1994). The researcher displayed data results of advanced degree and national board effects in a
2x2 contingency table. The table analysis was utilized to reveal the independence and dependence between the variables. The dispersion of the data
occurred in the final stage of the analysis known as the inferential statistical phase. At this point the researcher determined whether a significant
correlation exists

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