A General Slowdown In Economic Activity, A Downturn In

A General Slowdown In Economic Activity, A Downturn In
A general slowdown in economic activity, a downturn in the business cycle, a reduction in the amount
of goods and services produced and sold. All of these listed here, are characteristics of a recession. A
recession has a domino effect, where increased unemployment leads to less growth and a drop in
consumer spending, directly affecting businesses, which lay off workers due to losses. A recession
occurs when there are continuous (two or more) quarters of negative gross domestic product growth
(GDP). In plain english this means, that economic growth slows down during a recession.
Data showing an economy experiencing a period of recession include a fall in revenues of
corporations, a fall in sales, a fall in stock prices, falling incomes ... Show more content on
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Housing had much to do with the macroeconomic strengths that cause The Great Recession. A big
chunk of the borrowing during the consumer age was mortgage debt. The expanded availability of
mortgage loans and low interest rates made home ownership more attractive. "Subprime" mortgages
which granted credit to borrowerers with weak financial records, is said to be a definite cause of The
Great recession. This caused an increase in demand which drove home prices upward, leading
Americans to borrow more and more money. Many loans were bundled up and sold together as
mortgage–backed securities, which were brought by large investment banks.
This whirlwind of borrowers and lenders feeding each others desires created a financial bubble, but in
2006 the bubble had burst. After a rise in short–term interest rates induced by inflationworries at the
Federal Reserve, it became more difficult for borrowers to refinance. Refinancing was needed to keep
the bubble, and associated consumer demand going. The rising cost of refinancing, or the inability to
refinance forced over extended borrowers to sell their homes. The rise in homes for sale stalled the rise
on housing prices. Over–extended homeowners defaulted on mortgages, investors started to question
mortgage backed securities so they plummeted reducing the availability of mortgage loans. Housing
prices fell to the floor, as more people were forced to sell their home.
The housing bubble affected way more Americans than
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Essay on Daktronic case
Read Daktronics (F): Weathering the Recession Positioned for a Bright Future (Taylor et al.) found in
your casepack and and use only the information found therein to answer the questions. 1. Assess Dak's
external and internal environments by: Performing a PEST+LE analysis with 4–5 examples of each
dimension Completing a 5–forces analysis to assess the competitive landscape PEST+LE analysis
Political Light pollution In the U.S. the billboard segment of the industry was governed by federal,
state, and local regulations. Anticipated were regulations on "light pollution," reflecting concerns of
businesses and residents in the area where large or multi–screen installations were placed. Other
concerns that would probably be addressed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
ft. of leased facilities located near Shanghai, China. Intangible resources 1). Brand Dak has a long
history in the digital signage industry and has a large market share. When people need to purchase the
product or service, the brand of Dak will make the company have more chances than competitors. 2).
Human Resource Dak's employee body reached 100 in 1979, 500 in 1993, 900 in 2006, and 3000 in
2008. And The company's senior executives had over 200 years of combined experience in the
electronic display industry. 3). Managerial resource Dak had initiated a "lean" manufacturing program
in 2007. It was intended to focus the company on what customers actually wanted and were willing to
pay for. The lean program in manufacturing was reducing costs as well as the time from order receipt
to delivery and thus accelerating cash flow. In North America, Dak's direct sales staff sold the entire
range of the company's standard products and substantially all of the large video display systems
directly to customers or the individuals or companies that influenced the customer's decisions. For
smaller commercial applications, generally standard products, Dak relied primarily on its resellers or
independent sales representatives. Organizational capabilities Functional Areas Capabilities Human
Resources High quality employment

High Performance Training Equipment For Athletes Across...
Introduction
Background
New Balance's goal is to help you achieve yours. With that being said they aid olympians in chasing
medals, drive an everyday athlete to go that extra mile, help an average runner compete in their first
five kilometer run or just simply promote a healthier lifestyle. Their products are a perfect blend of
fashion, affordability, and functionality. Providing high performance training equipment to athletes
across the world, regular consumers , and underprivileged youth. They were founded in 1906
originally known as "New Balance Arch Support Company" by William J. Riley out of Boston,
Massachusetts. The very first product innovated by William wasn't a shoe at all, rather a shoe insert to
promote healthy foot arch. He targeted those who worked jobs that require a lot of walking and or
standing. Sales went through the roof when the company was presented at the 1972 Boston Marathon.
They went from having six employees making thirty pairs of shoes a day to having 2 factories and
producing over 1,000 pairs of shoes. The company has reached a total estimated profit of
approximately forty billion dollars since 1991.
Purpose The purpose of the SWOT Analysis is to analyze a business and the current condition it is in.
This can be done by contracting data from several areas including employees and the consumers
themselves. The SWOT Analysis is used for strategic planning and seeing what is helping a business
and what is holding it back. Once the

Homelessness is No Longer an Issue
Every night there is one child that gets tucked in a warm, comfortable bed at home by his mother and
father and another child waiting for the church to be unlocked for the night because that is his only
choice of shelter for the evening. The "Great Recession" isn't over for so many of America's youth,
though many would disagree considering our President declared its end in 2009. Out of the millions of
children living in the Unites States, 1.6 million are homeless. Who or what do we blame for some
many children having to live without a home? Do we blame the recent hurricane for kids being on the
street? Do we blame the stock market crashing or the young mother who ended up pregnant before she
could graduate high school and was kicked ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Homelessness is a universal issue. A Homeless Person can come in any shape, size, age, gender,
sexuality, and especially color. From someone to African descent all the way to something with
ancestors from Asia, nobody is exempt from struggle and anyone can end up homeless whether they
want to be or not. Not everyone is emotionally strong enough to handle a situation as serious as
becoming homeless. The emotional turmoil that homeless mothers have to go through can be too
much. A homeless mother's mind always goes from worrying about your children's safety, state–of–
mind, and health all the way to worrying about how you're going to get yourself out of the situation
that you're in. After having to think about all of the issues going on in your life, constantly because
there's nothing else that consumes your thoughts, there's almost expectancy for that person to just give
up. Studies show that mothers of homeless children and family experience higher levels of depression
than the entire female population of America. Studies also show that one–third of homeless mothers
(compared to only one–fourth of housed mothers) have had at least one suicide attempt. Suicide is the
only answer to many women who are homeless with children because of the fact that they are no help
to anyone. If someone's main job was to protect and provide for someone everyday and life shows up
to show them that they can't do it, they don't see a reason

A Period Of General Economic Decline
In the late 2000s, a period of general economic decline occurred in world's markets. Even though the
Great Recession, as it was called, varied from country to country it is concluded that it was the worst
economic recession since WW2. (Davis, 2009).
Greece's case was somewhat peculiar. While the crisis in Europe progressed from banking system
crises to sovereign debt crisis, in Greece it happened the other way. In 2010 the Greek government
revealed that the deficit of Greece in 2009 had made the public debt no longer viable. The country
tried to regain the trustworthiness of the global markets by reducing its expenditures. This didn't work
and the government of George Papandreou, in April 23, 2010, requested the help of the IMF.
(Προσφυγή της Ελλάδας στο μηχανισμό στήριξης ανακοίνωσε ο πρωθυπουργός, 2010). Greece was
the first country in the euro area to request financial support from the IMF.
But, "to drive through the Greek bailout, the fund bent its own rules. It lifted an IMF ban on the fund
lending money to countries – like Greece – that were unable to pay their debts." (Wroughton,
Schneider, & Kyriakidou, 2015).
"The organisation got around this by slipping through a radical change in IMF rescue policy, allowing
an exemption (since abolished) if there was a risk of systemic contagion. 'The board was not consulted
or informed,' it said. The directors discovered the bombshell 'tucked into the text' of the Greek
package, but by then it was a fait accompli."

Characteristics Of A Recession : The Great Recession
The Great Recession was a hard time for most of the country. The economy had dropped so low that it
was the largest drop since the Great Depression. People were not only losing their jobs but also their
homes due to the fact that they could no longer afford their payments. People cut back on spending all
together and in turn that affected a lot of businesses. Characteristics of a recession are defined as by
the U.S. Bureau of Labor, "A general slowdown in economic activity, a downturn in the business
cycle, a reduction in amount of goods and services produced and sold" (U.S. Bureau Of Labor). This
hard time for millions of Americans lasted for 18 months and it created a lot of damage and that is why
it has been deemed 'The Great Recession'. Our country may not be considered in a state of recession
any more but people are still being affected by this and are slowly trying to be back on their feet.
Starting back from the very beginning, before the crisis hit rock bottom, the real problem started in the
late 1990's when the government stressed the importance of national homeownership. People were
starting to take out loans and purchase homes in the early 2000's because the qualifications weren't as
strict as they had previously been. According to an article on businessweek.com, "It promoted paper–
thin downpayments and pushed for ways to get lenders to give mortgage loans to first–time buyers
with shaky financing and incomes" (Coy). This had a lot to due with the fact that

Great Recession Research Paper
The Great Recession officially began in December 2007 and ended in June 2009, making it the longest
recession since World War II. Some people blame it on the greed of the Wall Street bankers and others
on subprime mortgage lenders. It began with the bursting of an 8 trillion dollar housing bubble. The
subsequent loss of wealth prompted sharp reductions in consumer spending. This loss of consumption,
joined with the financial market mayhem, also led to a collapse in investment banking. Massive job
loss followed the same trend as the dwindling consumer spending and business investment. In 2008
and 2009, the U.S. labor market lost 8.4 million occupations – the most considerable business
contraction of any recession since the Great Depression. The Great Recession of 2008 was sparked by
the housing crisis and Americans today still struggle with its effects.
Home builders responded to a false price signal in the economy – ... Show more content on
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The Federal Reserve had began lowering interest rates from 6.5% in the late 2000, all the way down to
1% in November of 2003 and kept it there until June of 2004. These artificially low interest rates
encouraged consumers to buy houses and builders to produce more houses. However, the low interest
rate was not an accurate reflection of the true demand for houses in the marketplace. At the same time,
Congress amended the Community Reinvestment Act, encouraging banks to offer mortgages to lower
income borrowers who would ordinarily not qualify for a loan. In addition, the Federal Government
required Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, the now two infamous government sponsored lenders, to
provide over half their mortgages to low–income buyers, also known as subprime mortgages.
Essentially, this meant that banks and other mortgages lenders were told to relax their lending
standards, and provide mortgages to people who

The North American Free Trade Agreement
This paper will discuss four components of the North American Free Trade Agreement: Background,
events, pros and cons. Upon the research, you will discover four online articles to provide more detail
and examples. This research will indicate how it was developed and the reasoning on why it would
benefit the nation. Also, it will provide events that occur after the agreement was signed by congress
and the recession the countries experience during the early 2000s. There will be a chart located on
Appendix A that will indicate the unemployment rates during 2008 to 2015. This paper gives readers
the proper knowledge of the history throughout the North American Free Trade. It acknowledges the
improvements that should be made in the future for a structure approach.
For decades, there has been many trade barriers to import and export goods from one country to
another. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was established to diminish tariff
barriers and to remove investment restrictions. NAFTA has broadened the agreement of countries
being able to import and export goods and to provide better servicing. Over the period of time, the use
of tariffs and any trade barriers have been reduced as the economy has become more integrated. This
integration has generated less power for the government to control trade due to the benefit of
economic growth. The goal of economic integration is to increase the volume of trade between
countries and reduce the

The Pros And Cons Of The Great Recession
The Great Recession is a term that mirrors a sharp decline in cash related measures toward the
complete of 2000, which is all things considered idea to be the most detectably horrendous recession
since the Great Depression. The articulation "recession is astounding" implies the recession in the US,
formally continued going from December 2007 to June 2009 and the overall money related downturn
that determined in 2009. The abatement in subsidize began when the US lodging market burst in the
chest and many home credits and securities secured by subordinated assessed adversities. Financial
Recession Financial recession is a time of general monetary decay and is normally joined by a drop in
the share trading system, an expansion in unemployment, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Great Recession's real end date was June 2009. Question 2 a) The expanding "underground"
economy creates problems for economic policy makers. Explain. Ans. A developing underground
economy suggests that much current era is escaping estimation and GDP figures will be
correspondingly made light of. This can make advertise investigators advocate expansionary
approaches when the economy may be truly growing rapidly. Such methodologies could then effectly
influence financial soundness by overcorrecting non–existent issues. b) Why is GDP overstated in
terms of the environment? Ans. Total national output stays for add up to national yield. Total national
output suggests the cost of stock and ventures at the last period of the effective year. GDP is not by
any methods the main technique for measuring the economy of the country and its empowering. In the
occasion that condition is mulled over while figuring the conventional GDP, it would be low and the
advancement rate in GDP will in like manner be

The Unwinding Response Paper
Danny Guerra
September 27, 2015
The Unwinding: Capitalism Regulates the Dream
During the 2000's, the United States witnessed one of the worst economic recessions since the Great
Depression. Between the years 2007 and 2009, America would describe its economy as the Great
Recession. George Packer's book The Unwinding: An Inner History of the New America covers the
stories of non–fictional citizens, who were in one way or another, affected by the social, political, and
economic changes pre, during, and post recession years. In his book Packer uses pure narrative,
allowing the reader to interpret and analyze as they chose. Packer does not tell the reader the details of
what has happened, why it happened, or whom to blame; ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Why do I say the customer? Because it is apparent that in modern times more and more businesses
alienate the customer and only focus on profit. Take for example the success of Sam Walton, the
founder of Wal–Mart, who had one philosophy, "Buy low, sell cheap, high volume, fast turn" (Packer,
101). Walton figured out that people were cheap and he exploited that knowledge to raise his riches.
Wal–Mart grew exponentially fast and lost management over its roots, what once started as a business
for people in need with perhaps great customer service is now known for driving smaller stores out of
business with terrible customer service.
So the question to answer is "So What?" In present day politics, candidate after candidate, all the
viewers hear are candidates bashing over each other. Viewers hear candidates talk and talk about
changes they promise to keep. At the end, only one of them wins and as their campaign goes, society
feels like no changes have been made and only false hopes have been fed to them. The way politics
work is that candidates only talk and say what the people want to hear just to win their campaign. Of
course, that is not entirely true, but to many American citizens it often feels that way. After the housing
market collapsed and the Great Recession occurred, Americans lost confidence in government

Economic Effects Of American Airlines
Economic Effects The economic effects section will cover some of the aspects that have shaped
American Airlines (American) into the company they are today. American has dealt with capacity
reduction, bankruptcy, cutbacks, economic recession, mergers and have managed to stay seeded as one
of the top four airlines in the U.S. These four airlines maintain control of 80 percent of air travel across
the United States. The airline industry is very volatile and depends heavily on the economy. Airlines
are faced with a balancing of managing a large revenue stream, watching global fuel prices, and
keeping an eye on the political movements around the world.
Revenues Prior to 2008 American showed significant losses over a period of several years from 2001
to 2005. American lost 1.8 billion in 2001, 3.5 billion in 2002, 1.2 billion in 2003, 751 million in 2004,
and 857 million in 2005 (2008 AMR Annual Report, 2009). The losses ended in 2006 when American
showed substantial profits in 2006 and 2007. In 2007 American was the world's leading air carrier in
terms of available passenger seat miles and passenger revenue miles (2007 AMR Annual Report,
2008). In 2007 American recorded their second annual net profit, a net earnings of $504 million (2007
AMR Annual Report, 2008). The net income recorded in 2007 was a significant increase over recorded
net income in 2006.
In 2007 American had decreased their capacity by 2.4 percent while increasing passenger revenues
(2007 AMR Annual

The Never-Ending Financial Crisis of 2008
Since it began in 2008, the US has faced what is being called the "great recession." It is 2013, and it is
clear apparent that it is a "recession" longing to be cured. Through the works of Putnam, Sum et. al.,
Wisman, and Colander, we can better understand this crisis and look for the best way to get out of it.
To begin, Robert Putnam describes what has occurred in the U.S. over the past several decades. He
states that over the past several decades the U.S. has been subject to "[an] economic and cultural
[entanglement] a mixture of government, private sector, community and personal failings" (Putnam
2013, III).
Putnam believes that this financial crisis occurred as a result of layoffs, and many closings of
businesses (Putnam 2013, 2).
We can further this understanding by turning to Sum, et. al., who believed that the crisis occurred due
to the blue–collar workers who have lost their jobs, and might never see those jobs again (Sum, et. al.
2010, 6).
Our next economist to turn to is John D. Wisman. In his article he describes what he believes to be the
cause of the crisis. He states that this recession occurred centered upon inadequate regulation
stemming from laissez–faire ideology, and low interest rates (Wisman 2013, 921). He further points
out that an underlying effect of wage stagnation and dramatically increasing inequality in the US over
the past 35 years may also be a cause.
Now to the guy who wrote our current textbook, Macroeconomics 9th Edition, who

High Fashion Fights Recession : The Great Recession Essay
High Fashion Fights Recession The cause of the Great Recession created challenges for the high end
of the fashion industry within the luxury goods industry. Some of the items include fancy clothing,
handbags, jewelry, perfumes, and watches. The total luxury goods industry sales fell by 20% in 2009
(Parks, 2016). This is when Porter's Five Forces come into play when understanding where power lies
in a business situation (Team, 1996).
Discussion
The Great Recession is a term that represents the sharp decline in economic activity during the late
2000s, which is generally considered the largest downturn since the Great Depression (Investopedia ,
n.d.). During the Great Recession many firms cut prices, but quietly. The only firm that stood rock
solid was the industry leader LVMH, which claimed that it never puts its products on sales at a
discount (Parks, 2016). The bloodbath in the Great Recession forced the weaker players such as
Christian Lacroix and Escada to file for bankruptcy. However, it made stronger players such as LVMH
even more formidable. They benefitted from an established pattern in high fashion, the flight to quality
(Parks, 2016). In other words, when people have less money, they spend it on the best. As the
recession became worse, many middle–class customers in economically depressed, developed
economies began to hunt for value instead of triviality and showing off (Parks, 2016).
Rivalry
"In addition to managing interfirm rivalry, how to manage the fickle

Understanding the Economic Recession in America Essay
The economic recession of the late 2000s has been called the greatest economic downturn our country
has faced since the Great Depression. American businesses and banks are failing, foreclosures are
spreading like wildfire, and unemployment numbers have reached double digits. Under our current
president, many are optimistic, but many others are fearful for the future. Economists have different
speculations regarding the causes of the "Great Recession". Some blame it on higher prices for
necessities like oil. Others blame the recession on the burst of the real–estate bubble, inflation, and
lacking government regulations on big businesses. Economic experts are also debating on possible
solution to end the recession. It is evident that the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As the housing bubble burst, credit was tightened and fewer loans were distributed. These two events,
along with the global price expansion, helped create a ripple effect that furthered the economic
turmoil. The credit "squeeze" lowered demand of products from businesses, which led to a decrease in
their profits. As revenues decreased, businesses closed down many of their plants and facilities in
order to reduce costs. The closures of these plants led to layoffs of millions of workers, and finally, a
sharp decline in the US stock market ("What Caused the Recession?"). Although the instability of sub–
prime mortgages, the credit crunch, and the expansion of global prices heralded the advent of the
economic crisis, other experts have had their own opinions about the cause of the financial meltdown.
Adam Smith's "invisible hand" and the American "pursuit of self–interest" played a large role on the
onset of the recession. The invisible hand is an economic theory developed b Adam Smith, a pioneer in
world economics. The theory is that as consumers buy products, companies will adjust their prices and
product distributions to fit the needs of the consumers, thus resulting in mutual satisfaction between
businesses and buyers ("Adam Smith and the invisible hand"). However, as the economy grew strong
during the pre–recession years, American consumers became more influenced by greed. They

Economy of Ireland
Economy of Ireland I. Introduction The economy of Ireland has transformed in recent years from an
agricultural focus to a modern knowledge economy, focusing on services and high–tech industries and
dependent on trade, industry and investment. Since the mid 1990's, Ireland has experienced consistent
growth rates of up to 10% per annum. This has been attributed to years of strong government planning
through the implementation of five–year National Development Plans. These plans provided for large–
scale investment in infrastructural projects and the focused development of Ireland as a base for
multinational export–oriented companies. Ireland was transformed from one of the poorest countries
in Western Europe to one of the wealthiest. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This attitude suited the developers down to the ground. Developers and builders launched into buying
land and building huge housing estates (with money they didn't have) and consumers, us, launched
into buying these houses (with money we didn't have). This suited the banks down to the ground,
lending more and more money expecting massive returns. The problem is someone at some stage
forgot to tell them to stop building. Where were all the people going to come from to live in these
houses? I don't think unfortunately the full effect of the downturn has yet been felt by the industry as a
significant number of infrastructure projects have yet to be completed. According to the CIC
(Construction Industry Council) at its peak, construction represented 25% of GNP equating to
€38.4bn. This level was unsustainable. IV. The Banking Sector The Irish banking sector has led a
relatively fruitful life, especially over the last fifteen years or so and seemed that it would continue
long into the future. The banks were joined at the hip with the construction sector and were making
huge investments, albeit with shareholders money. The banks got into trouble because they got caught
up in the mass psychology of an unprecedented property bubble – the steepest and longest of the
several national property bubbles of the late 1990s and

Charles Ferguson Crisis
The great recession of the year 2007–2009 had a substantial adverse impact on the US Economy and
the world. Charles Ferguson documentary narrates how politicians, bankers, and economist conspired
to create a crisis that caused high unemployment, increased the United States global debt and
contributed to the loss of investments and savings. He describes how banks resisted regulation in the
early 1990's by CFTC and how successive regimes led to the crisis by enacting laws that supported the
process.
Microeconomic Participant in the Great Recession of 2008 according to the Inside Job.
The inside job explains how banks and economics in the late 1990s, supported technology
advancement and resisted deregulation. Matt demon narrates how bankers came together to oppose
regulation in support of sophisticated derivate which made the market unstable. The house of Congress
participated in enacting a law that would, later on, create a crisis. Many leaders supported this cause,
Fergusson includes Senator Phil Gramm, Larry Summers, and Alan Greenspan as the main
contributors who resisted the regulation by CFTC that was spearhead by Brookes Lee. Satyajit Das
explains how banks made a profit from this sophisticated technology and that is why they opposed any
changes in the system. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Rep. Barney Frank (D–MA) explains the old system of lending and the new securitization process.
Matt Demon narrates how the home buyers repaid their loans to lenders, and consequently, the lenders
sold the loans to the investment banks which combined the mortgage loans with other credit loans
creating a collateral debt obligation a complex derivative. The collateral debt obligation sold to
investors who paid the rating agency to evaluate the CDO's. The home buyers were now paying
investors through this

Pros And Cons Of Having A College Degree
After high school students have the opportunity to attend a college. Today, it seems like fewer people
go to college. People will say "It's too expensive" or "I don't have the time;" however, that's just not
the case. In my opinion, college is worth it because if someone is seeking a long–term job with
security, mobility, and pay increase they should attend college. Having a college degree is better than
not having one at all. Having a college degree can prove job security to those wanting to secure their
position in their job, such as when the economy was in The Great Recession. The Great Recession was
an economic decline in the world markets during the late 2000s and early 2010s. In the essay, "Why
Those Student Loans Are Still Worth It" author Elaine Pofeldt explains how going to college is worth
all the loans a student receives. Pofeldt states, "Researchers found that, though those from 21 through
24 saw dips in employment and wages during the recession, those with college degrees fared better
during the downturn and afterward," meaning having a college degree is helpful when the economy
starts to decline (226). Those with higher college degrees will have a more secure position. An article
online titled "College Education – ProCon" list pros and cons of college degrees. College Education –
ProCon mentioned how those who don't have a college degree are more likely to become unemployed
and go through financial strain (college–education.procon.org). During the

2008 Financial Crisis Vs Great Depression Essay
The United States has always funded the opportunistic financial well–being of its citizens. There has
never been a financial crisis worse than that of the Great Depression until the 2008 financial crisis.
Even though times were much tougher within the 20's than that of the late 2000's, policies were much
different, condensing the absence of hope of happiness. There is always room for improvement among
any economic standpoint of the ladder, but sometimes it's just very hard to make some. Times are
always tough and people functioning as a society always focus upon the short term involvements of
the stock(s), but never seem to concentrate on the long run. However, with mistakes come lessons
learned and improvements to economic ventures. Both the 2008 financial crisis and the Great
Depression has taught us many things about our own markets and budget capabilities. Upon
coincidental financial crises, times and polices were much different, but the reasoning upon the doubt
can and will alter the course of economic futures and endeavors.
In 2009, then– president Barack Obama gave a speech in which he compared the ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
He stated that "...the economic data and the collapse of the economy was worse than what happened in
the 1930's." As the economy came back from its major downfall, it was clear where Obama went
wrong with his perception of economics, but also where he was right. The Dow–Jones (U.S. stock)
Industrial Average fell 54% within a year and a half during the 2008 financial crisis, whereas it only
fell about 45% during the Great Depression according to Louis Jacobson, author of the Politifact
article "Comparing the Great Recession and the Great Depression" However, the Dow–Jones went
back to it's peak as soon as it hit it's major downfall during the 2008 financial crisis while it took well
over 8 years for the Dow to return back to normal during the Great Depression. Upon

Great Depression In The 1930's
What is the greatest economic since the Great Depression in the 1930's? Economist's today are calling
it the Great Recession of 2008. To start, there is history that needs to be addressed to compare the
impacts of the Recession to modern times. The Great Depression got so bad that people were issued
ration stamps in order to receive common goods to survive. People had to farm and make their own
cloths, and if by chance a person had shoes they were considered very fortunate. The money system
was almost not existent one could say because of the amount of trading that was done to survive. One
of the main differences in the Great Depression is that the rich didn't get richer overall. According to
R.A., J.S. AND L.P., "the top 1% only captured about 28% of total income growth from 1933 to
1936". (R.A). The rich did continue to get richer though as it is said in the years coming after the
depression was over, and a major leap when the Great ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Investors and mortgage holders owe so much money to different firms that is has become almost an
irreversible meltdown. The government tried to raise and cut taxes where they think they can get
caught up and it doesn't change. Money is owed by nearly every institution as well as the day to day
expenses that each one occurs. Homes in major cities around the country lay to waste leaving blocks
of run–down wasteland. Jobs and unemployment are just now starting to stabilize. Th economy is
making a slow change for the good, but you must take baby steps after you fall. According to the
Bureau of Labor Statistics Chart October 2007 unemployment was at 4.7% and rose to 10% by the
year 2009 and everything from construction to professional and business services decreased by an
average of 37.4% (Bereau Of Labor Statistics). These statistics are horrible and one can only hope we
do not repeat our mistakes. A conclusion can now be made with all the factors stated

The contemporary Great Recession and the global financial...
Since the advent of the subprime crisis in 2007 that it is commonly believed to have led to the Great
recession and to the present global financial crisis, these issues have been subject to much research. In
fact, no one can claim that the Great Recession and the global financial crisis have been under–
researched. In fact, the new world recession has been analysed from different angles and perspectives.
Historians, economists, financial experts, psychologists, anthropologists and other experts in
academic, financial, economic and other fields of research are still analysing the contemporary global
financial crisis.
There is ample information on the new world recession, and upcoming documentations are bringing
new knowledge on this ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is one of the reasons why many intellectuals and academics claim that their discourses on the new
world recession are the truth. For example, some nations believe that their macro–economic policy is
the best solution to get out of this global financial crisis. They are spreading their roots to become the
new hegemony.
However, these discourses also make possible the sharing of cues, ideas and values that contribute to a
better understanding of the global financial crisis, its impacts, causes and implications. They facilitate
the transmission of knowledge that is vital to find means to get out of the crisis and minimise the
negative impacts of the recession. However, transmission also implies that these discourses influence
people's perception and conception of the new world recession. Hence, these discourses confer power
to leaders and academics to manipulate the population to believe what they want the latter to believe.
The Great Recession of the late 2000s started with the subprime crisis in 2007 that has weakened the
economy of almost all the big nations with maybe the exception of the Republic of China. It seems,
when we have a look at economic growth of China that, it has, until now, to some degree, benefited
from the global financial crisis. Indeed, it should be highlighted that when a recession occurs,
depending on the type of recession, in general, the economies of some countries are

Cause and Effect
Recession : Teenage Employment In recent years, the economic recession has taken a toll in our
economy affecting both rich and poor families. High School students are having a difficult time
finding a job as well. The oil prices are skyrocketing, home sales plummeting, retail stores falling,
driving more teenagers than usual to look for employment. In the past, teenagers had a choice to work
part–time or enjoying leisure time while receiving weekly allowances. Since most parents either lost
their jobs or received pay–cuts from employers, their teen children are affected as well. In order to
recover the necessities they once had, they must find a job. "It is impossible to quantify how many
affluent parents have trimmed allowances in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Sumit Pal, 17, a senior said his parents cut his $5 weekly allowance and doesn't mind losing his
allowance either as it will contribute towards other things, like groceries"(Foderaro 978). Once
summer arrives, teens will wonder what to do with their time. Are they going to bypass the benefits of
employment, or having an interest in finding a part/full time position? Anyone who has the ability to
do so in such a difficult economy would be irrational not to do so. The experience and earnings as a
young employee will contribute to their future even if it is not that evident right away. It is important
for teens to be employed to understand the concept of job responsibilities. "Dress codes, rules,
punctuality, and being teachable is enrichment in itself, Mrs. Neiser said. You're contributing to the
economy, your contributing to your personal economy and picking up skill sets and habits that will
prepare you for full–time employment" (979 Foderaro). It is never too early or too late to start
establishing a job resume. This is foremast true for employers hiring them for the first time and
starting to have the urge for money in their pockets at sixteen years old. A summer job will help teens
stay out of trouble and become productive at the same time. Playing video games and waking up late
may be fun for most, but it's not a great idea to spend the entire summer, especially during the
economic recession. By seeking employment, a teen will soon understand

Japan's Actual Level Of Exports
Country: Japan
Company: Buffalo Wild Wings
Trade and FDI Analysis
What are levels (amounts) of trade (exports and imports) in your target country?
Japan's actual level of exports is 6417.36 billion Japanese Yen. In the past 5 years, exports have ranged
from 4513.66 billion Japanese Yen, up to 6926.83 billion Japanese Yen (Japan Exports).
Japan's actual level of imports is 6531.14 billion Japanese Yen. In the past 5 years, imports have
ranged from 4952.03 billion Japanese Yen, up to 8047.03 billion Japanese Yen (Japan Imports).
Exports constitute what percentage of GDP?
Exports constitute for approximately 15% of the GDP in the past few years. Before the recession of
2008, exports were up to 17.7% of the GDP. The most recent count from ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Assess each of the above for a few selected years over the last decade: Have there been any important
changes in the level of trade, types of trade, or trade partners? Any ideas for the reason for the
changes? (When you select years, start with the most recently available – then go back 10 years, and
then pick at least one year in the middle. If there was some important economic event in your country's
recent history, you might choose the year after that too to see if there were any important changes.)
From 1990 to late 2008, Japan's export increased from 2698.92 billion Japanese Yen, to 7681.69
billion Japanese Yen. After the Great Recession of 2008, exports went down to 3477.83 billion
Japanese Yen. It has been increasing since then, but it has not recovered entirely (Japan Exports).
From 1990 to late 2008, Japan's imports increased from 2468.82 billion Japanese Yen, to 7542.58
billion Japanese Yen. After the Great Recession of 2008, imports went down to 3458.73 billion
Japanese Yen. It has been increasing since, then but it has not recovered entirely.
Also, in the past few years, Japan has had a trade deficit instead of the usual trade surplus.
Japan started to import the most from China, since 2001. After the Great Recession of 2008, Japan
trading partners did not change much. Imports went down, but trading partners stayed the same (Japan
Imports) (Export destinations of Japan).
Trade partners changed.

The Great Depression Of 1929 Vs. The Great Recession Of 2008
The Great Depression of 1929 Vs. The Great Recession of 2008
In America there have been great economic struggles and triumphs. The many great leaders of this
country have foraged, failed, and overcome some very difficult times. Comparing the Great
Depression of 1929 and the Great Recession of 2008 has revealed similarities that by learning from
our mistakes in 1929 could have prevented the latest recession. I will discuss the causes of the Great
Depression and the Great Recession, and what policies were implemented to reverse the economic
downfalls. The Great Depression of 1929 is said to have many causes. In an article on about.com
Martin Kelly states there were five main causes of the Great Depression. First is the stock market
crash ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Total unemployment rose from just over three percent in 1929 to just over twenty five percent in 1933,
and did not increase back up to just over seventeen percent in 1939. By 1933 wages had fallen in every
industry, with construction being affected the worst, where wages had dropped by half. Wages in 1933
were twenty five percent lower than in 1929. These decreases in wages caused decreases in purchasing
across the board. Durable and nondurable sales alike decreased. Nondurable goods fell by forty one
percent, where durable goods suffered the most and declined by sixty two percent. In the midst of the
depression farmers also had a difficult time where usually they would have been able to survive.
Unfortunately, the Great Plains were hit hard with both a drought and dust storms. The dust storms
destroyed everything in their paths, leaving farmers without their crops. Small farmers were hit the
hardest. Even before the dust storms hit, the invention of the tractor drastically cut the need for
manpower on farms. The small farms were usually already in debt, borrowing money for seed and
paying it back when their crops came in. When the dust storms damaged the crops, not only could the
small farmer not feed himself or his family, he could not pay back his debt. Banks would foreclose on
the farms and the farmer and his family would be both homeless and unemployed. Millions of people
were out of work across the United States. Many people hit the road

Causes And Consequences Of The Great Recession
CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF THE GREAT RECESSION The most recent four years of the
turbulent financial execution brought up a larger number of issues than gave answers about reasons for
the Great Recession of 2008–2009. Most business analysts are faulting the land business sector
breakdown and the tailed it budgetary emergency as fundamental driver of the Recession. Be that as it
may, the genuine macroeconomic reason was the change of the national macroeconomic approach
from the Demand backing to Supply bolster methodology amidst 1980s. In this article I am going to
discuss the reasons of the Great Recession and its results. The monetary methodology before 1980–s
has been based on the thoughts of the full job and the wages development as the consequence of the
development of profitability. The full vocation and the wages development have empowered the
increment in the interest for merchandise and administrations. That development has affected the
increment in the supply and has invigorated the organizations to put into new innovations encouraging
the further development of efficiency. The "stagflation" of 1970–s truly harmed this methodology. In
1980–s the Keynesian model of the monetary development, which depends on the backing of the
development of Aggregate Demand, has been supplanted by the "neo–liberal" model of financial
development based upon the backing of the development the Aggregate Supply. Increment sought after
as it takes after from the established

The Labor Movement Of The United States Essay
Labor force  the measure of the number of people actively involved in the labor market is a topic
of concern for economists (Bullard 1). Since the financial crisis and Great Recession of 2009,
economists are closely observing the changing nature of the labor force in the United States, in an
effort to understand sources of future economic growth. This topic is of major interest because of its
sharp decline after the Recession of 2007–2009, in comparison to the Great Depression. Labor force
participation rate is a ratio in which the labor force is divided by the civilian non–institutional
population 16 years of age or older. During an economic recession, unemployed workers get
discouraged and stop looking for employment, dropping the participation rate drastically. Labor force
participation used to be relatively low, it decreased during the 1970s 1980s, and 1990s, rising in 2000
and declining once again in late 2000 (Bullard 4). "In early 2007, 66% of Americans were in the labor
force. After the recession struck, participation tumbled, falling to 64% by 2012. By September 2015 it
had hit 62.4% its lowest since 1977" ("The Force Awakens"). However, throughout this year the
number of employment has risen as result of increasing participation from Americans into the labor
force, pushing the rate back up .6%. This means that the economy has created 215,000 net new jobs in
March, decreasing unemployment from 5.1% in September 2015 to 5% in April 2016 ("The Force
Awakens").

Filling The Heels Of The President
Filling the Heels of the President
"People buy into the leader before they buy into the vision." –John Maxwell. Being part of the United
States, It is the inherent right and responsibility of each citizen to elect new leaders from term to term.
It is the ideal goal of these elections to choose someone who can be an effective ambassador for the
eyes and ears of each citizen both domestically and abroad. Carly Fiorina served as chairwoman and
CEO of Hewlett–Packard from 1999 to 2005 where she had a profound positive impact on the
company in both its structure and net worth. She is also chairwoman of the Unlocking Potential
Project and Good360 Opportunity International where she works to improve the lives of millions of
people all around ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During the six years Fiorina led HP, the United States suffered from a great recession and the Dotcom
Boom caused most major technology companies' stock to drop. Despite the economic crisis, Fiorina
managed to not only keep the company afloat, but doubled its revenues from forty two billion to
eighty six billion. Since the United States deficit is up to eighteen trillion dollars, electing a
conservative economist like Carly Fiorina seems to be the most practical option for recovery. Fiorina
is well versed in dealing with cost–effective issues that has given her the tools necessary to rebuild the
country's budget crisis. In addition, she worked her way up to become president of Lucent
Technologies and was named The Most Powerful Woman in American Business after leading Lucent
to become the most successful IPO in history. The answer to reform this country's economy is to treat
it like a business. Among all the politicians that advocate reform, Fiorina possesses the business
acumen we need in our President. By zero–based budgeting, the economy will have the outcome we
have all been hoping for. Lastly, Fiorina is fluent in making tough calls during tough times from being
a CEO in a failing economy. She is notorious for laying off thirty thousand workers at HP during 2001.
These were the

The New York And Chicago
Recession was a great nightmare for recession brought with it multiple ideals of a troubled economy
with regards to the community sufficiently offering services to the public. Cities across the United
States have faced the toughest times in recent years with regards to healthcare service provision which
has equally lead to closure of several hospitals. Focus for paper will reflect on the situation in the
cities of Philadelphia, New York and Chicago; an look into the economic impact of the closure of the
hospitals will be expounded upon in–depth as to establish an economic inference reference point
economic levels in the said cities. The effect of tough economic times for the United States is evident
in the closures of hospitals with some speculating that the facilities have fallen deep into debt as well
as the situation is at the tipping point of getting worse in the near future with some cities even going to
the extent of invoking the ideals of Chapter 9 bankruptcy (Dixon, Robertson, Appleby, John , Burge ,
& Delvin , 2011). The outline of this paper will be build upon analysis of individual hospital cases in
the respective mentioned cities. The analysis will be founded on a critical point of view so as to
culminate into a comprehensive economic analysis, together with the impact of the closure of city
funded hospitals in the United States of America. The analysis on the impact will be narrowed
particularly to the local communities.
From the offset, what are left behind are

Great Depression Research Paper
Goslin – Research Paper.
The Great Depression was a harsh global economic depression in the decade prior World War II. The
Great Depression, while it happened far before the "Great Recession" of 2008, it can be greatly
compared. During the Great Depression, all income, tax revenue, and prices dropped. International
trade decreased by more than 50%, and U.S. unemployment climbed to just above 25%. Industrial
cities like Detroit and Pittsburgh took the heaviest hits. While the recession of 2008 was not as drastic,
it affected the world economy and resulted in a global recession more so than ever before. The percent
of U.S. citizens unemployed had reached 10% as of 2009. Along with the challenges unemployment
presented, consumer ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The status and power of women were increased, which expanded them to a new say in decisions. The
recession of 2008 is also called the 'Great Recession', said to have begun in December 2007, and took
a turn for the worse in September 2008, and it was a severe economic problem expanded globally. This
recession affected the world economy, and is said to have been the worst financial disaster since the
Great Depression. The decline in the Dow Jones this time was –53.8%. Since the official start of the
recession in December 2007, and through June 2010 there have been about 2.3 million homes
foreclosed in the United States. In 2012, the state with the most foreclosures in January alone was
California, with 51,584 houses being repossessed. Unemployment during this collapse was 8.5%, and
continued to increase to about 10% as of 2010. People's reaction to this recession was a huge decrease
in spending and borrowing from banks, but an increase in saving. There were easily multiple causes
for the start of the Great Depression in 1929. Many historians and economists put emphasis on
organizational causes such as actions by the Federal Reserve. Often part of any business cycle are
recessions due to the changes of supply and demand, but what turns this business cycle into a
depression is always up for debate. In the case of the Great Depression, the stock market crash of
1929, bank failures, debt deflation, and American economic policies with Europe

The Economic Crisis Of The United States
The Great Recession, coinciding with the subprime mortgage crisis, lasted from the end of 2007 to the
middle of 2009. This downturn became the biggest economic crisis that the United States had faced
since the Great Depression. Causing high unemployment rates, a decline in consumer confidence and
home values, the recession had a great impact on both Americans and immigrants in the United States.
Since the 1990s to a few years before the recession, the number of immigrants entering the United
States increased at a constant rate as more and more people came to the country in search for better job
and education opportunities. This number dropped, however, when the country entered the economic
crisis in 2007. The American Community Survey ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This recession was a combination of the United States recession, that lasted from December of 2007 to
approximately June of 2009, and the global recession in 2009 that proceeded. The recession in the
United States was a result of the banks' inability to pay off their accumulated debt. It all began when
there were housing booms, which involved mortgage–backed securities (MBSs), or stocks backed by
mortgages. Due to the real estate market collapse in 2007, those securities declined in value and
jeopardized solvency, or "the ability of a company to meet its long–term financial obligations", of
banks that were too much in debt. Though there were many major problems that resulted from the
recession, the drastic increase in unemployment rates became the biggest negative effect of the
economic crisis. According to the statistics from The Encyclopedia of the Great Recession, "By March
2008, 63,000 jobs were lost, the most in five years..." (Rosenberg, 599: Unemployment). During the
period of decline in economy, revenues decreased and businesses stopped expanding. Moreover, when
demand was too low to support the businesses, employers needed to reduce their spendings and save
money by lowering wages, stop hiring new workers, and firing old ones. The Great Recession,
therefore, initiated the mass discharge of employers and reduced job opportunities for immigrants who
had come to

Should Company Build Competitive Advantage By Embracing...
Sharing corps: Should company build competitive advantage by embracing the sharing economy?
SHARING CORPS SHOULD COMPANIES build a new competitive advantage BY embracing the
SHARING ECONOMY? ECOVALA – December 2013 1 Sharing corps: Should company build
competitive advantage by embracing the sharing economy? Ecovala © 2013 This report was produced
by the Ecovala in December 2013. If no other source is specified, the contents of this report are under
a Creative Commons Attribution – Non–Commercial – Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. You can
find the full text of the license in this website. Ecovala Ecovala provides innovative solutions to
private and public organisations to accelerate their transition towards ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
7 Economical
benefits..........................................................................................................................................................
7 Social benefits
...................................................................................................................................................................
7 A MULTI–LEVEL PERSPECTIVE ON THE SHARING ECONOMY
...................................................................................................... 8 A Transition Management
Framework .................................................................................................................................. 8 The
macro level (Landscape)
............................................................................................................................................ 8 Meso Level
(regime)
......................................................................................................................................................... 8
Micro level (niches)
.......................................................................................................................................................... 9 A
multi–level perspective on the sharing economy

Global Financial Crisis : Its Causes And The Global...
Assignment topic: Global financial crisis: its cause and the global responses
Introduction
The global financial crisis or economy crisis is commonly believed to have begun in July
2007 with credit crunch, when a loss of confidence by the US investors in the value of sub–prime
mortgages caused a liquidity crisis. On the other hand, due to the big changes that took place over the
last 20 to 30 years in the worldwide economy and the influence of 2007 financial crisis, it has re–
emerged as one of the hottest topics on the agenda of accounting standards setters both under
United States of America (USA). Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and international
financial reporting standard (IFRS). Current research seems well balanced across the prospective and
consensus of fair value, lending ammunition both to those in favour and to the opponents of fair value
accounting. Subjectivity, estimates and managerial discretion permeate the concept, definition and
measurements of fair value, leaving such measurements open to an aggressive use of judgement and
estimate. However, fair value accounting is more closely related to the needs of a globalized and
information–based economy and is likely to grow in importance and use in the future. Therefore, this
essay will discusses evidence and summarizes some current papers on the informational impact of fair
value measurements on market participants.
Additionally, it will examine the responses put forwards by developed nations.

The Aftermath Of Fiscal Policy
The aftermath of Fiscal Policy It has been eight years since The Great Recession hit the United States
economy. What could have brought one of the world's strongest economies down to a point where
unemployment rates grew out of control, the housing market crashed and banks needed assistance
from the federal government in the form of bailouts. Didn 't the United States have a similar situation
happen in the early 1930's? Were Congressional policies not put in place? If so, were policies put into
place following the aftermath of the Great Depression. How was it possible that a crisis hit as hard as
it did? The answer is simple, we had a policy that would have protected the economy known as the
Banking Act of 1933 or popularly called the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The stock market crashes, banks are closed for "holiday", unemployment rates rise, work is hard to
find and families are seen in swarms in the streets and sections of the city. The time is 1929 after the
stock exchange crash. With little to no faith in the financial system the government had a challenge on
its hands. How to recover the United States economy? Their first proposal was drafted, by Senator
Carter Glass, a Democrat from Virginia, that held the position of Treasury Secretary. He proposed a
bill that in essence was created "to provide for the safer and more effective use of the assets of banks,
to regulate interbank control, to prevent the undue diversion of funds into speculative operations, and
for other purposes" basically put, banks could either be commercial banks that were able to hold onto
deposits and earn profit by utilizing government bonds or securities (a more secured form of
investing), or they had to choose to be investment banks which specifically specialized in high risks
lending and utilize investors as a source of capital, however, they could not secure deposits. The bill
was cleared through the Senate in 1932, nonetheless, The House of Representatives did not have time
to vote on the Act before their recess. During this time Representative Henry B. Steagall a Democrat
from Alabama added an amendment to the Banking Act, he insisted per guidance of Franklin D.
Roosevelt that there be some type of Insurance Company associated within the

The Cause And Effects Of The Great Recession
The Great Recession was an economic recession that took place across the globe during the late 2000s.
It was caused by the bursting of an $8,000,000,000,000 housing bubble. A housing bubble is caused by
a substantial increase in real estate property values to an unsustainable level until a limit is reached
where the market collapses. This led to less consumer spending, a collapse in business investing, and
eventually an increase in job loss. Family wealth dropped, and the price of oil increased greatly. The
Great Recession created a lasting aftermath on the economy and the lives of Americans. The impact of
the staggering loss of financial investments and employment security, and the decline of real estate
value that devastated the U.S. economy during the Great Recession, is still being felt even to this day.
The unemployment rate is still returning to normal after the Great Recession. This is because during
the economic recession, job loss increased dramatically. This had a huge impact on the lives of
Americans. According to Investopedia, "As a result of the Great Recession, the United States alone
shed more than 7.5 million jobs, causing its unemployment rate to double. Further, American
households lost roughly $16 trillion of net worth as a result of the stock market plunge.
(Investopedia)" Many people lost their jobs, which prevented them from earning money. This meant
that many people couldn't afford to buy food and clothes, and had to sell their belongings

Economics Is A Large Part Of Our Lives
Economics is a large part of our lives. It has been a part in building our society, and we follow many of
its concepts daily. The basis of our decisions such as what to do with our time or money, the study of
economics can explain them. In this paper, I will present my own three Case in Point boxes that
demonstrate a few economic concepts.
This Case in Point box is designed to replace the one from Section 5.1: Price Elasticity of Demand
No Matter What the Cost, We Will Take it Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration
Every day, the U.S. expends thousands of gallons of gas driving to the store, picking up their kid,
going to work, or driving to places they want to visit. Driving generally allows faster and simpler
means of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In 2000, the total fuel consumption for motor vehicles in the United States was 162,554 million
gallons of oil. After 12 years of price increase, the average price of fuel in 2012 was $3.68 with fuel
consumption reaching 168,395 million gallons. The estimated price elasticity of demand for the years
2000–2012 is 0.025 and therefore price inelastic. As shown in the graph, over the course of 12 recent
years, there hasn't been much change in gas consumption. Despite some years having a drop or rise in
gas prices of almost 30%, the greatest changes in year–to–year consumption have only been about –
4% and 2.4%. Although gas prices can increase greatly, they remain an important part of getting
around.
While there are alternatives such as walking or public transportation, driving may be the better option.
People need to get to work and get around and driving is usually more convenient. In addition, prices
won't stop trucks and people from delivering goods and services because there aren't many good
alternatives. Sometimes increased prices will cut down consumption a bit, but people cut back on
other goods and non–necessities.
This Case in Point box is designed to replace the one from Section 3.1: Demand
Out With the Old, In With the New A little over a decade ago, Blockbuster was a popular and massive
chain store for game, movie, and video rental. Dominating the movie rental market with over 9,000
stores, 25,500 employees, $500 million in annual profit and

The After World War II
In the late 2000s, major countries all across the world experienced a rapid decline in economic activity
comparable to that of the Great Depression. The United States' real estate market collapsing and "large
amounts of mortgage–backed securities and derivatives...[losing] significant value" (Investopedia,
LLC.) caused this Great Recession. Three wealthy countries, Japan, Germany and the United States,
each experienced a distinct reaction to the economic obstacles that arose during the 2000s and
continued into the 2010s, thus the three countries responded in varying ways. Although Japan was
once a booming economy, it did not necessarily start off that way and it certainly hasn't remained that
way. After World War II, the United States ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The growth advanced Japan to rank as the 2nd largest economy in the world rivaling the United States.
However, this economic growth started slowing in the 1970s and in 1990 real estate and stock prices
crashed and "the bubble burst" (Drogus and Orvis 240). Luckily, the government managed to get the
economy back up and running in 2003 when Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi reduced regulation,
privatized the postal service saving system, and lowered deficit spending. The slow growth was
stopped when global recession hit in 2008 and 2009 and "destroyed the modest gains in economic
growth that Koizumi's reforms had achieved" (Drogus and Orvis 242). Of course, to make matters
worse, Japan was hit even harder than most states due to its dependence on United States exports,
resulting in economic shrink of 5% in 2009. The government, desperate to improve the economy,
enacted Keynesian policies, effectively raising the deficit and lowering interest rates to zero. However,
the Keynesian policies weren't a total disaster as growth started to return at the end of 2009, and by
2010 the economy's growth was now at a comfortable 4%. In 2011, an earthquake, "the fourth biggest
[earthquake] in recorded history, killed twenty thousand people, displaced hundreds of thousands
more, and resulted in expensive cleanup of

VANCLAnalysis
VANCL: Problem
Within the period of 2007 to 2009, two major retail companies emerged in China: PPG Apparel
(Shanghai) Co., Ltd. and VANCL Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. Though both had similar business
models, VANCL was able to excel and profit in places where PPG Apparel suffered tremendously.
These included creating a successful supply chain with effective quality control, adopting a variety of
improvement measures to ensure a positive customer experience, and shifting most of VANCL's
advertising dollars towards internet marketing. Though successful when first established, PPG
eventually collapsed in late 2009 due to their inefficiencies in such areas. Owner of VANCL, Chen
Nian stated that VANCL has passed its most risky period ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Market Analysis: VANCL is a leading Chinese internet–based apparel retailer that has successfully
established dominance in the e–tailing world. Their approach to elevating the customer experience
includes improvement measures such as online commenting threads and try–on activities. VANCL's
services have helped them diminish any skepticisms the Chinese market had in regards to shopping
online. Known for its "fast fashion", they have expanded their market range to include most kinds of
men's and women's apparel, specifically casual–wear such as canvas shoes and graphic tees. In China
alone they have captured over 25% of market share in the apparel market and are the 6th largest B2C
company in China in terms of revenue. VANCL's channels of distribution are exclusively their online
website as well as their small call–center. Because they are only an online retailer, VANCL uses their
own logistics company, Rufengda, and other third party companies to ensure speedy delivery of their
products. Their apparel is made from top fabric manufacturers such as Luthai Textile and go through
countless quality checks to ensure the best apparel for their customers. In China alone the market for
apparel including clothing, shoes, hats, and textiles has grown by a staggering 18.8% in 2009
according to the

Pacific Health Care Case Analysis
PACIFIC HEALTH CARE CASE ANALYSIS
The Business
 The Company:
1. Ownership: A couple of the leaders at the Pacific Health Care Company include the new controller,
Tim Brighton, and the CFO, Amanda Mathews. The Company these two work for is a non–profit
organization and they "provide needed health care services."
2. Strategies: The Company uses a line of credit system with the regional bank for $500,000, but the
economy seems to be causing this credit to be insufficient for Pacific's needs. One of the requirements
of the bank is that the Health Care Company checks their line at least twice a year in order for the
bank to be provided with the latest financial statements. Amanda has the idea, to help deal with the
repercussions of the recession, to slightly modify the financial statements. She believes these
modifications will help rebuild their operating and financial position positively. Pacific Health Care is
hoping to receive a $750,000 grant in the next 120 to 150 days from a national health care
organization; this is the modification that Amanda is looking into. Mathews has discussed the idea
with Tim, but he is still unsure on whether or not to pursue it.
3. Operations: Pacific Health Care has the main goal of providing health care services to low income
residents. The Company provides a high level of service and they are well–received by the community
they reside in. The way Pacific achieves revenues is by having 80% come from contracts with the city
and the

Troubled Asset Relief Program Essay
United States has long been portrayed as the country that has the biggest economy in the world. In
fact, United States have the highest gross domestic product which known for its strong economic
growth and sustainability, for its currency as an standard unit currency for international trading market,
and for its significant influence and impact to the world market as the leading global trader.
Furthermore, United States was able to surpass other countries as it is able to accumulate its capital
more quickly through its extensive capitalistic approach. However, the market of the United States
suddenly collapsed and immediately resulted in the inevitable economic breakdown in late 2000's until
late 2010s. This is evident through the book of Keith ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In fact, the government intervention was necessary for the banks not to loss hundred percent of their
assets and to further save its financial sector as much as banks never wanted to go bankrupt as banks'
do have businesses based on and trust and solvency record. Thus, the United States established the
Troubled Asset Relief Program or TARP with a purpose of insuring all the troubled assets and
reinforcing the banks with more capitals for them to further able to operate and withstand losses where
in fact, $700 billion was allotted in this program. With the help of Troubled Asset Relief Program, the
government and the Federal Reserve were able to help JP Morgan Chase to buyout Bear Stearns with
$10 per share compared to JP Morgan Chase's offer of $2 per share. Furthermore, the Federal Reserve
and Treasury expanded another $30 billion into the fund of Troubled Asset Relief Program to
completely accommodate the bailout cost of American International Group, which received an overall
total bailout amount of $85 billion. Moreover, the United States government turned out buying out a
third of Citi company to save it from going under. Thus, it is clearly shows that both the government
and the Federal Reserve play a crucial role in the hopes of recovery of the financial sector of the
United

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