The document summarizes the key aspects of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), including its goals of conservation of biodiversity and sustainable use. It describes the CBD's three main goals and 42 articles that cover cooperation, in-situ and ex-situ conservation, sustainable use, access to genetic resources, and a financial mechanism. It also discusses the CBD's governing bodies like the Conference of Parties and its subsidiary scientific body, as well as mechanisms like the Clearing-House Mechanism and programs on thematic issues. National reporting and developing national biodiversity strategies and action plans are also obligations under the CBD.
2. contents CBD
Articles
Meetings of COP
Institutional arrangements
Global environmental facility
Clearing house mechanism
Thematic program
Cross cutting issues
National reports
NBSAP
Cartagena protocol
International regime
CBD act, 2002
3. Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
It is founded on the principle that local communities generate
and are dependent on biodiversity and should continue to
benefit from it.
Signed in 1992 at the 1992 UNCED in Rio de Janeiro
entered into force on 29 December 1993.
more than 170 countries. India became a signatory to the
Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in June 1992.
Three goals
To promote the conservation of biodiversity
the sustainable use of its components.
the fair and equitable sharing of benefits.
4. Article 1. Objectives
Article 2. Use of Terms
Article 3. Principle
Article 4. Jurisdictional Scope
Article 5. Cooperation
Article 6. General Measures for Conservation and Sustainable Use
Article 7. Identification and Monitoring
Article 8. In-situ Conservation
Article 9. Ex-situ Conservation
Article 10. Sustainable Use of Components of Biological Diversity
Article 11. Incentive Measures
Article 12. Research and Training
Article 13. Public Education and Awareness
Article 14. Impact Assessment and Minimizing Adverse Impacts
5. Article 15. Access to Genetic Resources
Article 16. Access to and Transfer of technology
Article 17. Exchange of Information
Article 18. Technical and Scientific Cooperation
Article 19. Handling of Biotechnology and Distribution of its Benefits
Article 20. Financial Resources
Article 21. Financial Mechanism
Article 22. Relationship with Other International Conventions
Article 23. Conference of the Parties
Article 24. Secretariat
Article 25. Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice
Article 26. Reports
Article 27. Settlement of Disputes
Article 28. Adoption of Protocols
Article 29. Amendment of the Convention or Protocol
Article 30. Adoption and Amendment of Annexes
Article 31. Right to Vote
6. Article 32. Relationship between this Convention and Its
Protocols
Article 33. Signature
Article 34. Ratification, Acceptance or Approval
Article 35. Accession
Article 36. Entry Into Force
Article 37. Reservations
Article 38. Withdrawals
Article 39. Financial Interim Arrangements
Article 40. Secretariat Interim Arrangements
Article 41. Depositary
Article 42. Authentic texts
7. Institutional arrangements of the CBD:
The governing body :- Conference of the Parties
(193 Parties)
To keep under review the implementation of the
Convention and to steer its development
Other important functions of the COP include:
I. adoption of the budget,
II. the consideration of national reports,
III. the adoption of protocols or annexes
IV. and the development of guidance to the financial
mechanism
8. The Meetings of the COP
Meetings of the COP are held every two years and they are
open to all Parties to the Convention as well as to observers
from non-Parties, intergovernmental organizations and non-
governmental organizations.
9. Institutional arrangements of the CBD:
the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technological and Technical
Advice:-
The SBSTTA is an open ended intergovernmental scientific
advisory body to provide the COP with advice and
recommendations on scientific, technological and technical
aspects of the implementation of the Convention.
10. CBD Financial Mechanism:
The Global Environment Facility (GEF)
GEF receives guidance from the COP.
Projects of the GEF are undertaken by Parties to the
Convention and the Implementing Agencies of the GEF.
More than 150 GEF-financed projects are executed or co-
executed by, or contain contracts or sub-contracts to, NGOs.
Projects generally deal with one or more of four critical
ecosystem types and the human communities found there.
11. Clearing-House Mechanism
Promotes and facilitates technical and scientific
cooperation, within and between countries
Develops a global mechanism for exchanging and
integrating information on biodiversity
Develops the necessary human and technological
network .
12. Thematic Programs
The COP has initiated work on seven thematic
programmes:
a. marine and coastal biodiversity;
b. agricultural biodiversity;
c. forest biodiversity;
d. inland waters biodiversity;
e. Island biodiversity;
f. Mountain biodiversity;
g. dry and sub-humid lands biodiversity.
13. Cross-Cutting Issues
I. Access to genetic resources and benefit-sharing
II. Alien species
III. Traditional knowledge, innovations and practices
IV. Biological diversity and tourism
V. Climate change and biological diversity
VI. Indicators
VII. Public education and awareness
VIII. Economics, trade and incentive measures
IX. Technology transfer and cooperation
X. Ecosystem approach
14. National Reports
The objective of national reporting is to provide
information on measures taken for the implementation
of the Convention and the effectiveness of these
measures
The national reporting process is key to enabling the
COP to assess the overall status of implementation of
the Convention
15. National Biodiversity Strategies and Action
Plans (NBSAP)
Article 6 of the CBD creates an obligation for national
biodiversity planning
The development and adoption of a national biodiversity
strategy is a cornerstone to implementation of the
Convention by Parties
A national strategy will reflect how the country intends to
fulfill the objectives of the Convention in light of specific
national circumstances, and the related action plans will
constitute the sequence of steps to be taken to meet these
goals.
16. Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
The Protocol seeks to protect biological diversity from the
potential risks posed by LMO.
Establishes informed agreement procedure for ensuring
that countries have the necessary information before
importing such organisms.
The Protocol also establishes a Biosafety Clearing-House to
facilitate the exchange of information on living modified
organisms.
17. Access to Genetic Resources and Benefit-
Sharing—International Regime
Currently being negotiated under the CBD
Agreement on a framework for the international
regime
Next meeting will take place in July 2010
Objective to adopt at CBDCOP10 in Nagoya
18. NBA
• Requests for access by foreigners
• To transfer of results of research to any foreigners
SBB
• access by Indians for commercial purposes
• power to restrict any commercial activity
• conservation, sustainable use and equitable sharing of benefits
BMC
• conservation, sustainable use & equitable sharing of benefits
• knowledge relating to biodiversity in their jurisdiction
Management structure under CBD ACT,2002
