obligation in english

1. Expressing an obligation

2. • It’s obligatory for all employees to wear a
mask during COVID-19 outbreak

4. • I have to…. / she-he-it have to – has to /
• I have got to ….
• I must see….
• It is obligatory that….
• It is necessary that ….
Subject + Obligation sign + the condition
e.g. “ You have to finish your work today

5. Obligation in present time
 I have got to learn English if I want to live in UK
 I must see the doctor soon because I don’t feel
well
 I must eat because im hungry
 It is obligatory that I wear helmet when driving
my motorcycle/bike
 It is obligatory that I cook for breakfast
 It is necessary to run. I’m about to late
Bentuk pertama, Verb 1

6. Obligation in past time
it was necessary to bring a book when I was in
high school
• I had to work extra hours to pay my education
• It was obligatory to pay my education, so I
work extra.
I had to wear uniform when I went to school back
then
• It was necessary to pay my education, so I
work extra.
Obligation sign berubah menjadi ‘had to’
bentuk participle (V3) dari have to
To be berubah menjadi ‘was’ bentuk participle (V3) dari ‘is’

7. Obligation in future time
• I will have to borrow money
• It will be necessary to borrow money.
Menambahkan ‘will’ sebelum obligation
sign
Mengganti ‘is’ dengan ‘will be’

8. Negative form
‘must’ and ‘have to’ have different meaning
• Must
“He must not leave” (Dia harus tidak pergi/ tidak boleh pergi)
“ You mustn’t smoke here” (Prohibition)
‘he must not angry’
• Have to
“ He doesn’t have to leave” (Dia tidak harus pergi/tidak perlu
pergi)
‘I don’t have to give my address’
He she it + does + not
I you we they + do + not

9. Things to remember
• The difference between ‘have to’ and ‘must’ is
that ‘have to’ indicate that the condition is given
by someone to us (general form)
• Simple past of ‘must’ is ‘had to’
• Future of ‘must’ is ‘will have to’
• Should also express obligation but the difference
is..
Have to & must = 100 % obligation*
Should = 50 % obligation

10. Excersise
• Imagine that you have a company.
• In your company there are several obligations
that your employee must do or obey.
• Create your own obligation for your company. 10
obligation in total!.
• You cannot write the basic obligation such as
eat, drink and sleep. Create the other one except
those action verb!.
• Handwritten, Collect it in our WA group, don’t
forget to write your name when you collect it.

11. Activity 2
• After you learn to make obligations to your soon to be
company, now it’s time to create some obligations for
our class.
• Each person must propose three obligation that
students and teacher can use as classroom contract
• You can write the obligation among students or
between the students and the teacher (in this case its
me!).
• At the end, we have to conduct a small trial and mutual
agreement as the result.
• You can propose anything that you think is important.