The document summarizes technologies for capturing and storing carbon dioxide emissions from power plants. It discusses CO2 sequestration projects in basalt formations in the Pacific Northwest. Nonisothermal reservoir simulations show how injection temperature affects the spread of dissolved CO2 in the reservoir. Legal hurdles for carbon capture and storage projects include resolving mineral rights and liability issues. Monitoring techniques are outlined to track the movement of injected CO2 over time.
Forest in Scotland’s climate change targets | Wendy Aubreyicarb
1. Scotland has climate change targets to reduce CO2 emissions by 80% by 2050 and increase woodland cover to 25% by 2050 through planting 650,000 hectares of new forests.
2. Recent trends show that annual new planting and carbon sequestration have been increasing but remain below target levels.
3. Current projections indicate that Scotland will not meet its full targets for woodland expansion and associated carbon removal based on mid-range emission scenarios and recent planting rates.
This document outlines strategies for reducing carbon emissions in Northeast Ohio. It discusses the Cleveland Carbon Fund, which partners with organizations to reduce emissions. The US emits 7 billion tons of CO2 annually, with Ohio emitting 280-300 million tons. Buildings account for 48% of US energy use and 25% of emissions in Northeast Ohio come from the building sector. The document recommends actions like energy audits, efficiency upgrades, and renewable energy to reduce emissions from buildings. It also discusses the benefits of tree planting, carbon credits, and renewable energy in offsetting carbon emissions.
April 2012 - Michigan Energy Forum - Donald H. WilliamsAnnArborSPARK
Come join the Michigan Energy Forum on Thursday April 5 as we discuss the role of nuclear energy in Michigan and abroad in addressing global climate change. Panelists will include representatives from industry, academia, and the State who will share their views of the role that nuclear energy should play to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and generate economic development opportunities. While nuclear energy can be a very controversial topic, the purpose of this forum is to discuss the science, economics, and risks and rewards of nuclear energy and to learn more about what is going on in Michigan. Please join us on April 5 for this exciting forum.
Forest Mitigation delivering carbon benefits | Mike Perksicarb
1) Forestry delivers multiple carbon and environmental benefits through sustainable forest management.
2) Forests sequester carbon through photosynthesis, locking carbon in trees and soils and providing ecosystem services.
3) Research shows that planting trees is a cost-effective way for the UK to mitigate carbon emissions and meet its climate targets, though upfront costs are high and benefits are long-term.
Vanessa Haverd_Multiple observation types reduce uncertainty in Australia's t...TERN Australia
The document summarizes the carbon budget of Australia from 1990-2011. It finds that Australia's net biosphere production of 36 ± 35 TgC/year offsets 38% of fossil fuel emissions of 95 ± 6 TgC/year. Gross fire emissions account for 6% of net primary production. Land use change emissions are similar to net fire emissions and account for 1% of net primary production. Fossil fuel exports are approximately 1.5-2.5 times greater than territorial fossil fuel emissions. The interannual variability in net ecosystem production exceeds Australia's total carbon emissions from fossil fuels.
energy future holindings 040108ConfCallDeck_FINALfinance29
The document is a transcript from an investor call held by EFH Corp. on April 1, 2008. It includes:
1) A safe harbor statement noting forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties outlined in SEC filings.
2) Regulation G statement that any non-GAAP measures discussed will be reconciled to GAAP measures in the appendix.
3) An agenda for the call including presentations on strategy/operations highlights and financial overview from the CEO and CFO, followed by Q&A.
Forest in Scotland’s climate change targets | Wendy Aubreyicarb
1. Scotland has climate change targets to reduce CO2 emissions by 80% by 2050 and increase woodland cover to 25% by 2050 through planting 650,000 hectares of new forests.
2. Recent trends show that annual new planting and carbon sequestration have been increasing but remain below target levels.
3. Current projections indicate that Scotland will not meet its full targets for woodland expansion and associated carbon removal based on mid-range emission scenarios and recent planting rates.
This document outlines strategies for reducing carbon emissions in Northeast Ohio. It discusses the Cleveland Carbon Fund, which partners with organizations to reduce emissions. The US emits 7 billion tons of CO2 annually, with Ohio emitting 280-300 million tons. Buildings account for 48% of US energy use and 25% of emissions in Northeast Ohio come from the building sector. The document recommends actions like energy audits, efficiency upgrades, and renewable energy to reduce emissions from buildings. It also discusses the benefits of tree planting, carbon credits, and renewable energy in offsetting carbon emissions.
April 2012 - Michigan Energy Forum - Donald H. WilliamsAnnArborSPARK
Come join the Michigan Energy Forum on Thursday April 5 as we discuss the role of nuclear energy in Michigan and abroad in addressing global climate change. Panelists will include representatives from industry, academia, and the State who will share their views of the role that nuclear energy should play to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and generate economic development opportunities. While nuclear energy can be a very controversial topic, the purpose of this forum is to discuss the science, economics, and risks and rewards of nuclear energy and to learn more about what is going on in Michigan. Please join us on April 5 for this exciting forum.
Forest Mitigation delivering carbon benefits | Mike Perksicarb
1) Forestry delivers multiple carbon and environmental benefits through sustainable forest management.
2) Forests sequester carbon through photosynthesis, locking carbon in trees and soils and providing ecosystem services.
3) Research shows that planting trees is a cost-effective way for the UK to mitigate carbon emissions and meet its climate targets, though upfront costs are high and benefits are long-term.
Vanessa Haverd_Multiple observation types reduce uncertainty in Australia's t...TERN Australia
The document summarizes the carbon budget of Australia from 1990-2011. It finds that Australia's net biosphere production of 36 ± 35 TgC/year offsets 38% of fossil fuel emissions of 95 ± 6 TgC/year. Gross fire emissions account for 6% of net primary production. Land use change emissions are similar to net fire emissions and account for 1% of net primary production. Fossil fuel exports are approximately 1.5-2.5 times greater than territorial fossil fuel emissions. The interannual variability in net ecosystem production exceeds Australia's total carbon emissions from fossil fuels.
energy future holindings 040108ConfCallDeck_FINALfinance29
The document is a transcript from an investor call held by EFH Corp. on April 1, 2008. It includes:
1) A safe harbor statement noting forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties outlined in SEC filings.
2) Regulation G statement that any non-GAAP measures discussed will be reconciled to GAAP measures in the appendix.
3) An agenda for the call including presentations on strategy/operations highlights and financial overview from the CEO and CFO, followed by Q&A.
Global CCS Institute - Day 1 - Panel 1 - International Progress on CCS ProjectsGlobal CCS Institute
The document summarizes a presentation by Laura Miller of Summit Power Group about the Texas Clean Energy Project (TCEP), a planned 400MW integrated gasification combined cycle power plant with carbon capture and storage. TCEP will capture over 90% of carbon emissions and sell the captured CO2 for enhanced oil recovery. It has received all necessary permits and signed contracts for electricity, CO2, fertilizer, and construction. TCEP is expected to create over 1,500 construction jobs and 200 full-time jobs once operational in 2015-2016.
Issues and challenges with safety equipment for offshore wind energy
DONG Energy is a global leader in offshore wind with many projects in operation and development. Safety is important for trust, responsibility, and reducing costs from accidents. Marine safety challenges include varying competency requirements, many vessels operating simultaneously, non-marine backgrounds for technicians, and equipment designed for other industries. Helicopter safety challenges arise from greater distances offshore and implementing new training and equipment for wind farm operations. DONG Energy is working to improve safety through technology, systematic approaches, and culture change, and would welcome developments like industry-specific PPE standards and competency requirements.
Choosing the Clean Path for Fueling Our Transportation FutureLiz Barratt-Brown
The document discusses the environmental impacts and policy implications of expanding production of high-carbon fuels like tar sands and oil shale. It argues that developing these fuels undermines efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve climate goals. Tar sands extraction in particular has significant land use and water impacts. Increased reliance on high-carbon fuels could make an 80% reduction in transportation emissions by 2050 impossible and undermine energy security goals by locking in long-term dependence on oil. Alternative solutions are needed that reduce oil use and avoid environmentally destructive sources of fuel.
The document discusses the close links between water and energy. It outlines how EPWU uses energy for water treatment and how water is used in energy production. EPWU has implemented successful water conservation programs that have saved over 231 billion gallons of water and 924 million KWH of electricity. EPWU is also working to increase use of renewable resources like solar power, reclaimed water, and converting wastewater digester gas to electricity to reduce costs and environmental impacts. EPWU partners with universities to conduct research on sustainable water technologies and solutions for the desert southwest region.
The document discusses Halliburton's use of new technologies to meet environmental and regulatory challenges in shale gas development. It outlines Halliburton's history and innovations in hydraulic fracturing, including the use of horizontal drilling, improved cementing techniques, and reduced surface footprint. The document also describes Halliburton's environmental technologies like clean fracturing fluids, wastewater recycling, and chemical scoring to assess environmental impacts. It positions Halliburton as committed to developing more sustainable energy solutions through continued investment in research.
The document summarizes the state of renewable energy in 2006. It discusses the growth of the renewable energy industry to $30 billion in sales in 2005. Key points covered include policy developments in the US and abroad, the challenges and opportunities for scaling up different renewable technologies, and forecasts showing renewable energy could provide a substantial portion of total energy by 2050 if policies and commitments are put in place. The presentation argues the US is moving from a phase of developing renewable technologies to a phase of large-scale utilization, but needs stable long-term federal and state policies and investments to fully realize renewable energy's potential.
1) The document analyzes the global and national mitigation costs of alternative metrics for comparing greenhouse gases like 100-year global warming potentials (GWPs) and global temperature change potentials (GTPs).
2) It finds that while alternative metrics address some issues with GWPs, fixed 100-year GTPs are even less cost-effective than GWPs globally. Time-dependent GTPs that focus on temperature change in 2100 could be more cost-effective.
3) For New Zealand, the economic implications of alternative metrics depend on assumptions about agriculture emissions reductions and global climate policy scenarios more than the metrics alone.
Anadarko CEO Jim Hackett spoke to students at Southern Methodist University about how our nation’s low-carbon future and economy rests on abundant, clean, American natural gas. His speech is part of the prestigious Frank Pitts Lecture Series at the Maguire Energy Institute.
Jim Yardley, president of a pipeline group, presented at a conference on the natural gas pipeline outlook. He discussed several challenges facing the industry, including ensuring adequate gas supply for the US, building needed infrastructure given rising costs and workforce issues, determining gas's role in greenhouse gas policy, and maintaining safety in pipeline operations and damage prevention. While there are significant opportunities, meeting these challenges will be important for the continued delivery of gas safely and reliably.
David Ellsworth_Spatial variability in leaf N and detecting elevated carbon d...TERN Australia
This document discusses a study examining the spatial variability of leaf nitrogen (N) concentration in a Eucalyptus woodland ecosystem exposed to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels through a free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment. It finds that the largest source of leaf N variability is between individual trees rather than between plots. Power analyses show the study is adequately powered to statistically detect a 15% decrease in leaf N or a 20% increase in leaf photosynthesis with the experimental design. The conclusions are that the FACE experiment can detect the predicted effects of elevated CO2 on plant physiology and help answer how increased CO2 may drive changes in forest canopy photosynthesis.
This document discusses potential in-state natural gas pipeline projects and uses of natural gas resources in Alaska. It provides details on several proposed pipeline projects that would deliver natural gas from the North Slope to various in-state locations including Fairbanks, Valdez, and Cook Inlet. It also discusses potential value-added manufacturing opportunities using natural gas liquids extracted from the North Slope gas. Key points discussed include estimated costs and capacities of different pipeline proposals, potential tariffs for delivering gas to different markets, and opportunities for petrochemical and liquefied natural gas projects that could use North Slope resources.
1) Clean coal use has tripled as regulated emissions have declined over 80%, providing a path to near-zero emissions through technologies like carbon capture and storage.
2) Studies show that achieving climate goals would cost 40% more without carbon capture and storage, which can reduce costs of meeting emissions targets by 15-50% compared to other low-carbon options like nuclear and renewable energy.
3) Major carbon capture and storage projects are accelerating around the world, with plans for 10 commercial demonstration projects in the US by 2016 called for by the Secretary of Energy to advance the technology.
Mrs. J. Smith
Date: 28th April 2009
Property: 9 Westbourne Drive, Guiseley, Leeds, LS20 8DB
___________________________________________________________________
1. ROADS AND PUBLIC RIGHTS OF WAY
1.1 Is the property served by a public right of way?
No.
1.2 Is the property served by a proposed new road or alteration of an existing road?
No.
1.3 Is the property served by a private right of way?
No.
1.4 Is there a right of access over or through the property?
No.
1.5 Is the property subject to any public
AREVA, Business & strategy overview - November 2009AREVA
AREVA's Front-End division is the world leader in mining, chemistry, enrichment, and fuel. It supplies the front end of the nuclear fuel cycle. AREVA is investing to maintain its leadership, including exploring for new uranium sources, and developing new enrichment technologies like centrifuge. The division accounted for over €5 billion in sales in 2008.
TOTAL E&P UK operates several oil and gas fields in the UK North Sea, including Alwyn North, Dunbar, Ellon, Grant, and Nuggets. Alwyn North is the hub for these fields and supplies them with power, water, and pipeline infrastructure. Technological advances have allowed for additional reserves to be extracted from these fields decades after their initial discovery through tie-backs to existing infrastructure like Alwyn North. Safety is a top priority in the design and operation of offshore platforms and facilities.
The document discusses power supply and demand in the Philippines, specifically addressing the projected shortage in 2012 and whether building additional renewable and fossil fuel power plants could meet demand without operating the Bataan Nuclear Power Plant (BNPP). It finds that indicated capacity additions from geothermal, hydro, natural gas and other renewable sources could close the projected 2012 supply gap. It also notes that reopening the BNPP would impose significant direct and indirect costs on consumers through a proposed nuclear tax and costs of decommissioning and waste disposal that would be passed on to customers. Operating the BNPP may no longer be necessary given the ability of alternative energy sources to meet projected demand as well as the economic impacts of the global financial crisis in slowing electricity
Pacific Real Estate Partners is a real estate firm founded in 1993 with offices in Bellevue, Seattle, and Portland. They handle leasing and sales of office, industrial, and retail properties. Between 2006-2008 they completed $2.1 billion in sales and leased 15.7 million square feet. The Puget Sound office market saw 160.8 million square feet and average rental rates of $27.97 per square foot in 2009, with a vacancy rate of 10.5%. Recent office property sales in the Puget Sound region have ranged from $14.2 million to $34.2 million.
Wspe Seminar 4 A May 15, 2009 Eng EntrepreneurshipWSPE
The document provides an overview of key considerations for engineering entrepreneurs starting a business, including selecting a corporate structure, financing options, financial management, marketing strategies, developing an exit plan, keys to success, and common pitfalls. It discusses factors like liability, desired size and complexity, tax implications, and profit motives in deciding on a structure. Financing can come from personal funds, banks, SBA loans, private equity, and conservative projections are advised. Financial management requires cash flow monitoring, ratio tracking, and performance metrics. Marketing involves defining your niche and unique value proposition. The talk concludes with passion, thorough planning, risk tolerance, flexibility, and addressing weaknesses as keys to success, while insufficient planning, non-viable models,
WSDOT presented on several major road projects including SR 520, Alaskan Way Viaduct, I-405, I-90 Snoqualmie Pass, Columbia River Crossing, North Spokane Corridor, and Lake Washington congestion management. The presentation covered project descriptions, funding, schedules, and visualizations. It emphasized accelerating pontoon construction for SR 520 to prepare for a potential bridge failure and presented options under consideration.
Wspe Seminar 5 May 15, 2009 LEED CertificationWSPE
The document summarizes changes to the LEED v3 green building certification system. Some key aspects remain the same, like the multiple rating systems and credit structure, but there are also important changes like updated point distributions and more stringent prerequisite standards. The operations of USGBC and GBCI are also clarified. LEED professionals will now need to earn continuing education credits to maintain credentials under the new tiered system.
Wspe Seminar 4 B May 15, 2009 Eng EntrepreneurshipWSPE
This document provides guidance for engineers becoming entrepreneurs and starting their own engineering businesses. It discusses establishing an identity for the new business, forming the business legally, acquiring necessary tools and setting up basic engineering processes. It also offers advice on financial planning, developing business style, mentoring future leaders, planning for growth and ensuring work-life balance. The overall message is that starting an engineering business takes planning, hard work and a focus on serving clients and community.
This document summarizes a study of CEO succession events among the largest 100 U.S. corporations between 2005-2015. The study analyzed executives who were passed over for the CEO role ("succession losers") and their subsequent careers. It found that 74% of passed over executives left their companies, with 30% eventually becoming CEOs elsewhere. However, companies led by succession losers saw average stock price declines of 13% over 3 years, compared to gains for companies whose CEO selections remained unchanged. The findings suggest that boards generally identify the most qualified CEO candidates, though differences between internal and external hires complicate comparisons.
Global CCS Institute - Day 1 - Panel 1 - International Progress on CCS ProjectsGlobal CCS Institute
The document summarizes a presentation by Laura Miller of Summit Power Group about the Texas Clean Energy Project (TCEP), a planned 400MW integrated gasification combined cycle power plant with carbon capture and storage. TCEP will capture over 90% of carbon emissions and sell the captured CO2 for enhanced oil recovery. It has received all necessary permits and signed contracts for electricity, CO2, fertilizer, and construction. TCEP is expected to create over 1,500 construction jobs and 200 full-time jobs once operational in 2015-2016.
Issues and challenges with safety equipment for offshore wind energy
DONG Energy is a global leader in offshore wind with many projects in operation and development. Safety is important for trust, responsibility, and reducing costs from accidents. Marine safety challenges include varying competency requirements, many vessels operating simultaneously, non-marine backgrounds for technicians, and equipment designed for other industries. Helicopter safety challenges arise from greater distances offshore and implementing new training and equipment for wind farm operations. DONG Energy is working to improve safety through technology, systematic approaches, and culture change, and would welcome developments like industry-specific PPE standards and competency requirements.
Choosing the Clean Path for Fueling Our Transportation FutureLiz Barratt-Brown
The document discusses the environmental impacts and policy implications of expanding production of high-carbon fuels like tar sands and oil shale. It argues that developing these fuels undermines efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve climate goals. Tar sands extraction in particular has significant land use and water impacts. Increased reliance on high-carbon fuels could make an 80% reduction in transportation emissions by 2050 impossible and undermine energy security goals by locking in long-term dependence on oil. Alternative solutions are needed that reduce oil use and avoid environmentally destructive sources of fuel.
The document discusses the close links between water and energy. It outlines how EPWU uses energy for water treatment and how water is used in energy production. EPWU has implemented successful water conservation programs that have saved over 231 billion gallons of water and 924 million KWH of electricity. EPWU is also working to increase use of renewable resources like solar power, reclaimed water, and converting wastewater digester gas to electricity to reduce costs and environmental impacts. EPWU partners with universities to conduct research on sustainable water technologies and solutions for the desert southwest region.
The document discusses Halliburton's use of new technologies to meet environmental and regulatory challenges in shale gas development. It outlines Halliburton's history and innovations in hydraulic fracturing, including the use of horizontal drilling, improved cementing techniques, and reduced surface footprint. The document also describes Halliburton's environmental technologies like clean fracturing fluids, wastewater recycling, and chemical scoring to assess environmental impacts. It positions Halliburton as committed to developing more sustainable energy solutions through continued investment in research.
The document summarizes the state of renewable energy in 2006. It discusses the growth of the renewable energy industry to $30 billion in sales in 2005. Key points covered include policy developments in the US and abroad, the challenges and opportunities for scaling up different renewable technologies, and forecasts showing renewable energy could provide a substantial portion of total energy by 2050 if policies and commitments are put in place. The presentation argues the US is moving from a phase of developing renewable technologies to a phase of large-scale utilization, but needs stable long-term federal and state policies and investments to fully realize renewable energy's potential.
1) The document analyzes the global and national mitigation costs of alternative metrics for comparing greenhouse gases like 100-year global warming potentials (GWPs) and global temperature change potentials (GTPs).
2) It finds that while alternative metrics address some issues with GWPs, fixed 100-year GTPs are even less cost-effective than GWPs globally. Time-dependent GTPs that focus on temperature change in 2100 could be more cost-effective.
3) For New Zealand, the economic implications of alternative metrics depend on assumptions about agriculture emissions reductions and global climate policy scenarios more than the metrics alone.
Anadarko CEO Jim Hackett spoke to students at Southern Methodist University about how our nation’s low-carbon future and economy rests on abundant, clean, American natural gas. His speech is part of the prestigious Frank Pitts Lecture Series at the Maguire Energy Institute.
Jim Yardley, president of a pipeline group, presented at a conference on the natural gas pipeline outlook. He discussed several challenges facing the industry, including ensuring adequate gas supply for the US, building needed infrastructure given rising costs and workforce issues, determining gas's role in greenhouse gas policy, and maintaining safety in pipeline operations and damage prevention. While there are significant opportunities, meeting these challenges will be important for the continued delivery of gas safely and reliably.
David Ellsworth_Spatial variability in leaf N and detecting elevated carbon d...TERN Australia
This document discusses a study examining the spatial variability of leaf nitrogen (N) concentration in a Eucalyptus woodland ecosystem exposed to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels through a free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment. It finds that the largest source of leaf N variability is between individual trees rather than between plots. Power analyses show the study is adequately powered to statistically detect a 15% decrease in leaf N or a 20% increase in leaf photosynthesis with the experimental design. The conclusions are that the FACE experiment can detect the predicted effects of elevated CO2 on plant physiology and help answer how increased CO2 may drive changes in forest canopy photosynthesis.
This document discusses potential in-state natural gas pipeline projects and uses of natural gas resources in Alaska. It provides details on several proposed pipeline projects that would deliver natural gas from the North Slope to various in-state locations including Fairbanks, Valdez, and Cook Inlet. It also discusses potential value-added manufacturing opportunities using natural gas liquids extracted from the North Slope gas. Key points discussed include estimated costs and capacities of different pipeline proposals, potential tariffs for delivering gas to different markets, and opportunities for petrochemical and liquefied natural gas projects that could use North Slope resources.
1) Clean coal use has tripled as regulated emissions have declined over 80%, providing a path to near-zero emissions through technologies like carbon capture and storage.
2) Studies show that achieving climate goals would cost 40% more without carbon capture and storage, which can reduce costs of meeting emissions targets by 15-50% compared to other low-carbon options like nuclear and renewable energy.
3) Major carbon capture and storage projects are accelerating around the world, with plans for 10 commercial demonstration projects in the US by 2016 called for by the Secretary of Energy to advance the technology.
Mrs. J. Smith
Date: 28th April 2009
Property: 9 Westbourne Drive, Guiseley, Leeds, LS20 8DB
___________________________________________________________________
1. ROADS AND PUBLIC RIGHTS OF WAY
1.1 Is the property served by a public right of way?
No.
1.2 Is the property served by a proposed new road or alteration of an existing road?
No.
1.3 Is the property served by a private right of way?
No.
1.4 Is there a right of access over or through the property?
No.
1.5 Is the property subject to any public
AREVA, Business & strategy overview - November 2009AREVA
AREVA's Front-End division is the world leader in mining, chemistry, enrichment, and fuel. It supplies the front end of the nuclear fuel cycle. AREVA is investing to maintain its leadership, including exploring for new uranium sources, and developing new enrichment technologies like centrifuge. The division accounted for over €5 billion in sales in 2008.
TOTAL E&P UK operates several oil and gas fields in the UK North Sea, including Alwyn North, Dunbar, Ellon, Grant, and Nuggets. Alwyn North is the hub for these fields and supplies them with power, water, and pipeline infrastructure. Technological advances have allowed for additional reserves to be extracted from these fields decades after their initial discovery through tie-backs to existing infrastructure like Alwyn North. Safety is a top priority in the design and operation of offshore platforms and facilities.
The document discusses power supply and demand in the Philippines, specifically addressing the projected shortage in 2012 and whether building additional renewable and fossil fuel power plants could meet demand without operating the Bataan Nuclear Power Plant (BNPP). It finds that indicated capacity additions from geothermal, hydro, natural gas and other renewable sources could close the projected 2012 supply gap. It also notes that reopening the BNPP would impose significant direct and indirect costs on consumers through a proposed nuclear tax and costs of decommissioning and waste disposal that would be passed on to customers. Operating the BNPP may no longer be necessary given the ability of alternative energy sources to meet projected demand as well as the economic impacts of the global financial crisis in slowing electricity
Pacific Real Estate Partners is a real estate firm founded in 1993 with offices in Bellevue, Seattle, and Portland. They handle leasing and sales of office, industrial, and retail properties. Between 2006-2008 they completed $2.1 billion in sales and leased 15.7 million square feet. The Puget Sound office market saw 160.8 million square feet and average rental rates of $27.97 per square foot in 2009, with a vacancy rate of 10.5%. Recent office property sales in the Puget Sound region have ranged from $14.2 million to $34.2 million.
Wspe Seminar 4 A May 15, 2009 Eng EntrepreneurshipWSPE
The document provides an overview of key considerations for engineering entrepreneurs starting a business, including selecting a corporate structure, financing options, financial management, marketing strategies, developing an exit plan, keys to success, and common pitfalls. It discusses factors like liability, desired size and complexity, tax implications, and profit motives in deciding on a structure. Financing can come from personal funds, banks, SBA loans, private equity, and conservative projections are advised. Financial management requires cash flow monitoring, ratio tracking, and performance metrics. Marketing involves defining your niche and unique value proposition. The talk concludes with passion, thorough planning, risk tolerance, flexibility, and addressing weaknesses as keys to success, while insufficient planning, non-viable models,
WSDOT presented on several major road projects including SR 520, Alaskan Way Viaduct, I-405, I-90 Snoqualmie Pass, Columbia River Crossing, North Spokane Corridor, and Lake Washington congestion management. The presentation covered project descriptions, funding, schedules, and visualizations. It emphasized accelerating pontoon construction for SR 520 to prepare for a potential bridge failure and presented options under consideration.
Wspe Seminar 5 May 15, 2009 LEED CertificationWSPE
The document summarizes changes to the LEED v3 green building certification system. Some key aspects remain the same, like the multiple rating systems and credit structure, but there are also important changes like updated point distributions and more stringent prerequisite standards. The operations of USGBC and GBCI are also clarified. LEED professionals will now need to earn continuing education credits to maintain credentials under the new tiered system.
Wspe Seminar 4 B May 15, 2009 Eng EntrepreneurshipWSPE
This document provides guidance for engineers becoming entrepreneurs and starting their own engineering businesses. It discusses establishing an identity for the new business, forming the business legally, acquiring necessary tools and setting up basic engineering processes. It also offers advice on financial planning, developing business style, mentoring future leaders, planning for growth and ensuring work-life balance. The overall message is that starting an engineering business takes planning, hard work and a focus on serving clients and community.
This document summarizes a study of CEO succession events among the largest 100 U.S. corporations between 2005-2015. The study analyzed executives who were passed over for the CEO role ("succession losers") and their subsequent careers. It found that 74% of passed over executives left their companies, with 30% eventually becoming CEOs elsewhere. However, companies led by succession losers saw average stock price declines of 13% over 3 years, compared to gains for companies whose CEO selections remained unchanged. The findings suggest that boards generally identify the most qualified CEO candidates, though differences between internal and external hires complicate comparisons.
Course on Regulation and Sustainable Energy in Developing Countries - Session 10Leonardo ENERGY
Session 10 will focus on how actual energy efficiency improvements can be achieved in organisations of different sizes. The presentation will start with a discussion of the status of energy efficiency in major developing countries. A variety of tools for working towards higher energy efficiency will be discussed, including benchmarking, energy audits, process analysis, and energy management schemes.
Kornelis Blok (1956) studied experimental physics at Utrecht University and received a Ph.D. degree in 1991 on a thesis ‘On the Reduction of Carbon Dioxide Emissions’. In 1984 he was one of the founders of Ecofys, where he is now Director of Science. Dr. Blok has extensive research and consultancy experience in the field of energy efficiency improvement and clean energy production. He played an important role in the development of European energy policies and international climate policies and has worked in many countries around the globe. He is also with Utrecht University, where he holds a professorship in Sustainable Energy. He is supervising the master programme Energy Science. He authored and co-authored 90 articles in peer-reviewed scientific journals, several books and over 200 research reports, conference contributions and other scientific publications. He was a lead author for the Third and Fourth Assessment Reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the institution that was award the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007. With his company he won the Erasmus award for the most innovative company of the Netherlands in 2008.
Jim Yardley, president of a pipeline group, presented at a conference on the natural gas pipeline outlook. He discussed several challenges facing the industry, including ensuring adequate gas supply for the US, building needed infrastructure given rising costs and workforce issues, determining gas's role in greenhouse gas policy, and maintaining safety in pipeline operations and damage prevention. While there are significant opportunities, meeting these challenges will be important for the continued delivery of gas safely and reliably.
Global CCS Institute - Day 2 - Panel 4 - The Cost of Capture: Progress and Op...Global CCS Institute
This panel discusses the costs of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology. CCS is seen as necessary to meet climate targets as over 50% of electricity in 2035 is still expected to come from fossil fuels. The International Energy Agency forecasts that 2.7 gigatons of CO2 per year will need to be captured and stored by CCS by 2035. Alstom conducted a cost of electricity study for coal and gas power plants with and without CCS across different regions. The study found that implementing CCS increased the cost of electricity by 45% in Europe, and slightly less in North America and Southeast Asia. Transportation and storage of captured CO2 was estimated to increase costs by 4.8 to 7.
Alan Pears - slides - price on carbon forum Aug 2011simon5678
This document discusses carbon pricing and actions individuals can take to reduce emissions. It summarizes a report on equitable emissions reductions and current emissions levels by country. It then provides three concise summaries of the key points:
1) Carbon pricing will have minimal direct impact on most individuals and the economy. Only large emitters need to directly comply, and most costs will be offset through tax reductions or passed on in minor ways.
2) Individual actions like energy efficiency upgrades and switching to renewable energy or electric vehicles can significantly reduce emissions cost-effectively.
3) Innovation will further reduce costs over time as low-carbon technologies improve. A carbon price provides an incentive to develop solutions without hugely impacting the economy.
1) Carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere are currently at 385 parts per million, up significantly from pre-industrial levels of 280 parts per million.
2) The main greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change are carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. Carbon dioxide makes up the largest percentage of emissions from human activity like burning fossil fuels.
3) The sectors that emit the most greenhouse gases are energy production, which accounts for 30% of emissions, followed by industry, transportation, agriculture, forestry, and waste management. Reducing consumption can help lower emissions across all sectors.
Air Capture & Carbon Negative Technology - The Global Context; in the Short and the Long Run - Graciela Chichilnisky (October 16, 2012 @ Institute of Mechanical Engineering, London)
This presentation discusses strategies for reducing carbon emissions and transitioning to more sustainable energy sources in Nottinghamshire, England. The presentation outlines the big picture of climate change and energy security challenges. It then discusses some local transition initiatives that have been implemented. Finally, it proposes several missions and projects for the Nottinghamshire Climate Change Partnership to undertake, such as implementing sustainable energy programs in the third sector, engaging local leaders, retrofitting community buildings, promoting microgeneration technologies, and pursuing a goal of making all homes near carbon neutral by 2050.
SATTA MATKA DPBOSS KALYAN MATKA RESULTS KALYAN CHART KALYAN MATKA MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA TIPS SATTA MATKA MATKA COM MATKA PANA JODI TODAY BATTA SATKA MATKA PATTI JODI NUMBER MATKA RESULTS MATKA CHART MATKA JODI SATTA COM INDIA SATTA MATKA MATKA TIPS MATKA WAPKA ALL MATKA RESULT LIVE ONLINE MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA RESULT DPBOSS MATKA 143 MAIN MATKA KALYAN MATKA RESULTS KALYAN CHART
SATTA MATKA DPBOSS KALYAN MATKA RESULTS KALYAN CHART KALYAN MATKA MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA TIPS SATTA MATKA MATKA COM MATKA PANA JODI TODAY BATTA SATKA MATKA PATTI JODI NUMBER MATKA RESULTS MATKA CHART MATKA JODI SATTA COM INDIA SATTA MATKA MATKA TIPS MATKA WAPKA ALL MATKA RESULT LIVE ONLINE MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA RESULT DPBOSS MATKA 143 MAIN MATKA KALYAN MATKA RESULTS KALYAN CHART
Enabling Digital Sustainability by Jutta EcksteinJutta Eckstein
This is a New Zealand wide meetup event with meetup groups from Auckland, Wellington and Christchurch attending and open to anyone with an interest in digital sustainability or agile. All welcome. Joke, this is how it started. Jutta is now also available in Germany, i.e. hosted by Berlin/Brandenburg
According to the World Economic Forum, digital technologies can help reduce global carbon emissions by up to 15%. However, digitalization also comes with some challenges. Thus, if we want to make a positive impact by increasing sustainability, we need to address challenges like the digital divide, energy consumption of IT, or the rise of electronic waste. In this talk, I want to explore how Agile can help to leverage Digital Sustainability.
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NewBase 20 June 2024 Energy News issue - 1731 by Khaled Al Awadi_compressed.pdfKhaled Al Awadi
Greetings,
Hawk Energy is pleased to present you with the latest energy news
NewBase 20 June 2024 Energy News issue - 1731 by Khaled Al Awadi
Regards.
Founder & S.Editor - NewBase Energy
Khaled M Al Awadi, Energy Consultant
MS & BS Mechanical Engineering (HON), USAGreetings,
Hawk Energy is pleased to present you with the latest energy news
NewBase 20 June 2024 Energy News issue - 1731 by Khaled Al Awadi
Regards.
Founder & S.Editor - NewBase Energy
Khaled M Al Awadi, Energy Consultant
MS & BS Mechanical Engineering (HON), USAGreetings,
Hawk Energy is pleased to present you with the latest energy news
NewBase 20 June 2024 Energy News issue - 1731 by Khaled Al Awadi
Regards.
Founder & S.Editor - NewBase Energy
Khaled M Al Awadi, Energy Consultant
MS & BS Mechanical Engineering (HON), USAGreetings,
Hawk Energy is pleased to present you with the latest energy news
NewBase 20 June 2024 Energy News issue - 1731 by Khaled Al Awadi
Regards.
Founder & S.Editor - NewBase Energy
Khaled M Al Awadi, Energy Consultant
MS & BS Mechanical Engineering (HON), USAGreetings,
Hawk Energy is pleased to present you with the latest energy news
NewBase 20 June 2024 Energy News issue - 1731 by Khaled Al Awadi
Regards.
Founder & S.Editor - NewBase Energy
Khaled M Al Awadi, Energy Consultant
MS & BS Mechanical Engineering (HON), USAGreetings,
Hawk Energy is pleased to present you with the latest energy news
NewBase 20 June 2024 Energy News issue - 1731 by Khaled Al Awadi
Regards.
Founder & S.Editor - NewBase Energy
Khaled M Al Awadi, Energy Consultant
MS & BS Mechanical Engineering (HON), USA
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𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 (𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬) is a professional event agency that includes experts in the event-organizing market in Vietnam, Korea, and ASEAN countries. We provide unlimited types of events from Music concerts, Fan meetings, and Culture festivals to Corporate events, Internal company events, Golf tournaments, MICE events, and Exhibitions. 𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 provides unlimited package services including such as Event organizing, Event planning, Event production, Manpower, PR marketing, Design 2D/3D, VIP protocols, Interpreter agency, etc.
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Adani Group Requests For Additional Land For Its Dharavi Redevelopment Projec...Adani case
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Adani Group Requests For Additional Land For Its Dharavi Redevelopment Projec...
WSPE Seminar 3 May 15, 2009 Co2
1. CO2 Sequestration and Climate: Forefront
Technologies in the Pacific Northwest
B. Peter McGrail, Ph.D
Laboratory Fellow
Energy & Environment Directorate
Washington Society of Professional Engineer’s Conference
Seattle, Washington
May 15, 2009
2. Historical Record of Atmospheric
CO2 Concentrations
400
CO2 Concentration (ppmv)
350
300
250
200
150
50000 40000 30000 20000 10000 0
Time (yr BP)
3. Climate change is a long-term strategic
problem with implications for today 20
Global Fossil Fuel Carbon Emissions Gigatons per Year
Historical Emissions
Stabilizing atmospheric concentrations of GTSP_750
GTSP_650
greenhouse gases and not their annual 15 GTSP_550
GTSP_450
emissions levels should be the strategic GTSP Reference Case
goal of climate policy 10
A fixed and finite amount of CO2 can be 5
released to the atmosphere over the
course of this century -
1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 2250 2300
Every ton of emissions released to the
atmosphere reduces the budget left for Stabilization of CO2 at 550 ppm
1600
future generations History Future
Oil
1400
As we move forward in time and the Natural Gas
.
Coal
planetary emissions budget is drawn
Global Primary Energy 1850-2100 (Exajoules)
1200 Biomass Energy
down, the remaining allowable emissions Non-Biomass Renewable Energy
1000
will become more valuable Oil + CCS
Natural Gas + CCS
CO2 capture and storage (CCS) plays a 800
Coal + CCS
Nuclear Energy
large role but… 600 End-use Energy
Government and industry must make
adequate provision for its use 400
CCS is not a silver bullet
200
0
1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100
3
4. Coal Gasification Integrated with CO2
Capture Conventional Gas Cleanup PRODUCT CO2
ABSORBER VENT
Sulfur
Coal
ASU
DEMIN WATER MAKEUP
CW
CW
CW
H2
CO2 to
LP
Sequestration LP
WGS STEAM
STEAM
Reactor Gas Separator
FLUE GAS
FEED
WASTE TO
EXCESS DISPOSAL
CW
WATER
SODA ASH
MAKEUP
SOLVENT
5. Metal-Organic Solid Sorbent Technology
Several classes of organic solids (including
clathrates) are stable at high temperatures
(250°C+)
Cage/pore properties can be tailored to
targeted guest
Molecular engineered selectivity for CO2
(or other gases)
Can be produced in engineered structures,
i.e. thin films, membranes, microporous
materials
No covalent/ionic chemical bonds involved
– gas separation and retrieval cycles
performed without degradation of the host
6. New Technologies Offer Breakthroughs in
CO2 Capture Economics
Coordination solid based on
hydroxytetephalic acid and various metals
Porous tubular network
25 wt% CO2 uptake at 1 bar and RT (4X amine solvents)
No uptake of N2 at 1 bar
Absorbs SO2 without degradation of material
Heat of regeneration <140 BTU/lb-CO2 versus 710 BTU/lb-CO2 for
MEA
10. The Sequestration System Design
“Pentagon” Capture system
Pipeline
ity Le Wellbore
bil ga
l
Lia &
Lia Reservoir(s)
l& Monitoring
ga Verification bil
ity
Le Accounting
Systems
Control and
Delivery Data
Infrastructure Acquisition
Systems
ity
Le
iabil
gal &
L
gal &
Liabil
Cost
Le
Permitting
Estimation
ity
Legal & Liability
11. The CCS and Power Plant Developer Nexus
CCS introduces a new
and unfamiliar paradigm Outline of Incised Valley (>50
ft Muddy thickness) Thins
may indicate areas with
for power plant preserved Rozet remnants
developers
Traditional siting factors
(water, transmission lines, Rozet Member, largely
fuel cost) no longer solely continuous to the east;
variable porosity
determine project viability should offer the
possibility of multiple,
segregated aquifers.
Suitable geology for
sequestration or buyer for Gas - Red
Oil - Green
CO2 required Water - Blue
Production ratios tend to
distinguish Springen Ranch vs
400 to 700 acre plant Ute Members. No Rozet
production this immediate area.
boundary expands to
5000 to 10,000 acre AOI
12. Integrated Sequestration System Design
Wellbore Design Po Pipeline Design
Reservoir Simulation
Pb To Po
&
m m& To
m&
TCO2 TCO2
Pipeline design
Geological data specifications
Hydrologic data
Heat transfer
Geochemical data parameters
Initial and boundary Well design parameters
conditions Soil temperature
Heat transfer parameters
CO2 EOS
Boundary conditions
CO2 EOS
• Plant specifications
12
13. Coupled Thermohydraulic Modeling
One dimensional finite-difference flow model
CO2 properties computed from equation of state (Span and Wagner,
1996)
Heat transfer from soil (pipeline) and surrounding rock (wellbore)
⎡ 64 744 6447448 64 744 ⎤
4
frictional loss
8 gravity head
4 8
flow acceleration
j +1 ⎢
fG (Vi + Vi −1 ) (ρi + ρi −1 ) sin α + G (V − V ) ⎥
p j = p1 − ΔL ∑ ⎢ −g i −1 ⎥
ΔL
i
i =2 ⎢ 4D 2 ⎥
⎢
⎣ ⎥
⎦
⎡ heat transfer 64 energy 64748 gravitational energy ⎤
}
potential
74 8 kinetic energy
j +1 ⎢ 6 74 ⎥
4 8
Qi ⎛ pi pi −1 ⎞ 1 2
u j = u1 + ∑ ⎢ ΔL − ⎜ − ⎟ − (Vi − Vi −1 ) + g ΔL sin α ⎥
2
i =2 ⎢ m ⎝ ρi ρi −1 ⎠ 2 ⎥
⎢
⎣ ⎥
⎦
13
14. Major Features at Each Candidate Site
Jewett Odessa Mattoon Tuscola
Woodbine Delaware Sands Mt. Simon Mt. Simon
• 5K to 6K ft plus Queen • 6K to 7K ft • 6K to 7K ft
• 1 injection well • 3K to 5K ft • 1 injection well • 1 injection well
• 10 vertical • Injection on plant • Install ~10-miles of
Travis Peak injection wells site new pipeline
• R&D Potential
• Use all or part of • No nearby wells • No nearby wells
• 10K to 12K ft existing pipeline penetrate penetrate primary
• 5 Wells (1 injector/4 (56 miles total)
production primary seal seal
• Near-by wells
• Install ~30-miles of new
pipeline
• Near-by wells
15. Depth In
Feet
1000
Major
Features:
Comparison
of Sites by
5000 Depth
5600’
7750’
8350’
Seal
Injection
10000
11,500’
16. Design Data Comparison By Site (130 MMscfd)
Parameter Units Illinois Illinois Texas Texas Odessa
Mattoon Tuscola Jewett
Pipeline miles 0 11.0 52.5 86
Well Connector Pipe miles 0.5 2 1 8
#Wells 1 1 1 10
Injection Tubing OD inches 5.5 5.5 5.5 2.88
Injection Tubing ID (Drift) inches 4.55 4.55 4.55 2.17
Depth to Reservoir feet 6950 6150 4800 2900
Pipeline Inlet Pressure psi 2140-2160 1720-2030 1800-2160 1410-1630
Wellhead Pressure psi 2140-2160 1690-2010 1740-2100 1320-1520
Required BHP psi 3096 2790 2760 2190
In situ Temperature °F 138 130 153 107
Predicted Temp °F 117-118 90-114 69-109 62-101
Pipe Diameter inches 16 16 18 18
Operating at lower pressure in winter can save
$300K to $400K per year in compression costs
16
17. Nonisothermal Simulations with STOMP-CO2
• Woodbine formation, Brazos, Texas
• Field temperature of 68° C with a geothermal gradient
• Injection temperature between 21° C and 43° C
• 50 MMT Injection for 27.34 years with two 28-day plant shutdowns per year
• 50-year simulation period
Temperature, 20° C (blue) - 70° C (red)
17
18. Nonisothermal Simulations with
STOMP-CO2e
• Woodbine formation, Brazos, Texas
• Field temperature of 68° C with a
geothermal gradient
• Injection temperature between 21° C and
43° C
• 50 MMT Injection for 27.34 years with two
28-day plant shutdowns per year
• 50-year simulation period
Dissolved CO2 Concentration, 0.0 (blue) - 0.07 gm/cm3 (red)
18
19. Liquid CO2 (~2500 ppmw H2O, 298 ppmw H2S)
CO2 Purity Effects
Pipeline regulations vary widely
for H2S Pipeline
20 ppm K-M Central Basin system steel
200 ppm Petrosource
10,000 ppm Weyburn
As much as 70% H2S transported
and injected in Canada
Pipeline water content Columbia River Basalt
specifications vary widely and are 90°C, 41 days, 10.2 MPa
related to H2S content in CO2 11,935 ppmw H2S
stream
Dry CO2 and CO2-H2S streams are
unreactive with pipeline steels
Knowledge gap for CO2 streams
containing intermediate water content
Water saturated CO2 phase in pyrite
geologic reservoir
Lack of industry experience and
even basic science studies with
CO2-SO2-H2O systems
20. Principal Legal “Hurdles” in CCS Projects
“Hurdles”
Mineral rights
Complex law and varies state to state
Severed ownership issues
CO2 Storage Deed
Landowner cooperation required over much larger area than traditional
power plant
Liability issues remain unresolved except for specific instances
Texas and Illinois passed liability legislation specific to the FutureGen
project
States that have passed CCS legislation (i.e. WA and WY) have not
addressed liability
Establishment of Trust Funds (State administered) seem to be an often
cited approach
Industry stepping into market (Zurich Financial Services Group, AIG)
20
22. MVA Tool Suite
Atmospheric Monitoring
Eddy covariance
Accumulation chambers
LIDAR
Remote Sensing
Color infrared orthoimagery
Aerial photography/spectroscopy
Tiltmeter
Gravimetric interferometry
Vadose Zone
Infrared Gas Analyzers
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
(LIBS)
Isotope Mass Spectrometry
GC/MS
Geophysical Methods
Electromagnetic Induction
High Resolution Electrical Resistivity
Dedicated Seismic Array Network
Mobile Seismic Surveys
Groundwater Monitoring
Shallow and Deep Monitoring Wells
Water chemistry analysis by ICP-MS and a
variety of other methods
24. Pilot Project Partners
Research Institutions (universities, labs, others)
MSU, UI, Columbia University, INL, Oregon State University
Department of Natural Resources
International Collaborators
Institut de Physique du Globe (France)
National Geophysical Research Institute (India)
Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry (Russia)
Industry
Boise White Paper L.L.C.
Shell Oil Company
Portland General Electric
Others
24
25. Layered Basalt Flows
Interflow zones have properties that
allow fluids to move in and out
Overlying flow interiors have
extremely low permeability and act
as caprock seals
25
26. Lab Experiments with Columbia River Basalt
Indirect: Rock-Water-CO2
Direct: Rock-CO2-solvated water
What happens with impurities in the CO2 stream?
Some basalts (like CRB) react even Other basalts form armoring coatings
faster that reduce carbonate formation
Basalt Reacts with Supercritical CO2 in both the Aqueous and Gas Phase
to Form Carbonates
26
27. Why this Area?
Hanford Site
License area
Snake River
+
Field Test Site
Well location
Washington Columbia River
Oregon
Located where some of the deepest and
thickest basalt exists in the region
Located on an active industrial site that
has been extensively disturbed during
original plant construction
Data collected will assist plant owner with
commercial operations after pilot study is
complete
27
28. Basalt Pilot Project Summary
Pre-Injection Site Characterization
Soil gas and shallow well water geochemistry
Seismic survey
Well logging and geochemical sampling during borehole drilling phase
Hydrologic tests
Injection Facts
Water is non-potable at target depth
1000 MT of CO2 total (1/2 Olympic-sized pool)
Injection would occur over a 2 to 4 week period
Initial radius of CO2 bubble is only about 100 ft. Maximum spread radius is about 250 ft
The CO2 will dissolve in the formation water and eventually become mineralized over a period
of a couple of years
Monitoring Program
An extensive monitoring program is planned that includes air, shallow subsurface, and deep
monitoring components
Water samples will be obtained periodically to monitor geochemical changes
Core sample extraction (1-2 years post-injection)
Closure
Wells would be plugged and abandoned according to state regulations
Site would be restored to pre-test condition
Closure option will depend on possible future use by landowner
28
29. Seismic Survey
Seismic survey completed 12/07/2007
Field tests immediately prior to
initiation of the seismic acquisition
showed that ground roll could be
suppressed by eliminating frequencies
below 12 Hz, and by using (for each
seismic source station) four vibroseis
sweeps
Optimized sweep resulted in longer
production of high frequency source
energy and a desirable flattened
frequency spectrum
The swath design of five receiver lines
flanked by two source lines, together
with the use of the optimized sweep
design, results in a dominant
frequency of 80 HZ at the target
interval of 3,000-4,000 feet, and a fold
of 200.
Raw field records of the 2D data
acquired confirm acquisition of P-wave
and converted wave data
Initial data processing complete. No
faulting or fracture zones are indicated
at the site
29
30. Current Stack Overlapped by the Current RMS Velocity
Model: Noise Attenuated, Deconvoluted, Spectral
Balanced, Residual Statics
30
33. Top Water Table 35’
2450
Wallula P ilot
Hydrogeologic Model
Umtanum Basalt
Flow-Interior Section
Top of Basalt 44’
(Secondary Caprock)
Depth, feet below ground surface 2550 Umtanum Basalt
2650
Slack Canyon Basalt
Flow-Interior Section
Slack Canyon Basalt
(Primary Caprock )
Test Zone 8B
2750 (Injection R eservoir)
2850 Test Zone 8A
Ortley Basalt
Ortley Ba salt
Flow Interior Section
Lower Hydrogeologic Confining Unit
2950
10 100 1000 10000
Deep Resistivity, ohm-m
Selected injection zone transects three interconnected
basalt flows that offer significant potential for scientific
study of CO2 migration and mineralization processes in
a unique geological setting
33
37. Conclusions
Sequestration systems need to be integrated from plant
gate to sequestration site to operate effectively and
efficiently
Design tools are being developed to make the task easier
but maintain robust design
CCS is a completely new paradigm for power plant
developers and their financial backers
Achilles heel of CCS systems appears to rest on financial,
legal, liability, and public acceptance issues
The Pacific Northwest is making unique contributions
towards advancing CCS opportunities both regionally and
worldwide
37
38. Acknowledgements
The work discussed in this presentation was sponsored by
Office of Fossil Energy and
National Energy Technology Laboratory
Department of Energy
with special acknowledgement to
39. Sequestration System Design Considerations
Plant operations
Unscheduled and scheduled plant shutdowns result in periodic flow interruptions
Infrastructure sized to accept full rate of CO2 output when the plant is operating
Pipeline
Specify diameter large enough to handle peak flow rate without excessive
pressure drop and wall thickness sufficient to accommodate pressure
requirements
Cost-benefit analysis may be needed to determine specifications for delivered
CO2 (purity requirements)
Wellbore
Injection tubing string of sufficient diameter to prevent excessive pressure drop at
peak CO2 injection rate
Account for impacts of seasonal temperature variations on operating parameters
Target Formation(s)
Utilize reservoir simulations to estimate required injection pressure to support
range of injection rates
Maintain operating pressures below fracture gradient limit
Assess impacts of CO2 delivery temperature on operating parameters and
reservoir stresses*
40. Components of a CCS Program
Subsurface
Characterization
Permitting
Subsurface
Infrastructure
& Pipeline
Pro Operations &
jec Maintenance
t Tim
e line
Monitoring
Closure