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TCP/IP suite presentation slides and data.pptx
1. TCP/IPProtocolSuite
P r e s e n t e d B y : S a r a S h a f q a t 2 0 2 1 - B B I T - 6 1
A f z a S h a h b a z 2 0 2 1 - B B I T - 8 8
2. Tableof
Contents
1. Example
2. TCP/IP Protocol Suite
3. TCP Protocol
4. IP Protocol
5. IPAddress
6. Subnet Mask
7. Network Classes
8. Difference BetweenTCP/IP & OSI Model
9. TCP/IP Model Layers
10. Uses ofTCP/IP Suite
11. Pros and Cons of TCP/IP Suite
4. Example
1. Message Creation:
Alice writes her letter, creating the initial
data for communication.
2. Segmentation:
Alice divides her long letter into smaller
envelopes, drawing a parallel to TCP.
3. Addressing:
Alice writes Bob's address on each
envelope, similar to IP addressing
4. Sending:
Alice sends the envelopes akin to data
packets being sent over the internet.
5. 5. Acknowledgment:
Bob sends acknowledgments, drawing
parallels with TCP's
6. Reassembly:
Bob arranges the envelopes in the correct
order akin to TCP reassembling data
segments.
7. Message Processing:
Bob's reading and processing of Alice's
letter, relating it to the application layer
in the TCP/IP model.
8. Communication Continues:
Alice and Bob continue exchanging
letters, mirroring how TCP ensures
reliable data transmission.
6. • Comprehensive set of communication protocols.
• Reliable and efficient data transmission.
• Foundation of the modern internet and most
computer networks.
• Vast number of protocols
TCP/IP
Protocol
Suite
7. • Stands for Transmission Control Protocol.
• Connection-oriented protocol.
• Suitable for tasks like loading web pages and
sending emails etc.
TCPProtocol
8. • Stands for Internet Protocol
• Used to deliver packets from the source host to
the destination host based on the IP addresses
• Responsible for two primary tasks.
1. Addressing
2. Routing
IPProtocol
9. • 32-bit number
• Uniquely identifies a Host within the Network
and the Network itself.
• Has two parts:
IPAddress
Network Number Computer/host Number
1 2
11. 10010001.00001010.00100010.00000011
145 10 34 3
145.10.34.3
IPAddress
Decimal
notation
Calculations:
1st octet
=20 x 1 + 21 x 0 + 22 x 0 + 23 x 0 + 24 x 1 + 25 x 0
+ 26 x 0 + 27 x 1 = 145
Calculations:
2nd octet
=20 x 0 + 21 x 0 + 22 x 0 + 23 x 0 + 24 x 1 + 25 x 0
+ 26 x 1 + 27 x 0 = 10
Calculations:
3rd octet
= 20 x 0 + 21 x 1 + 22 x 0 + 23 x 0 + 24 x 0 + 25 x 1
+ 26 x 0 + 27 x 0 = 34
Calculations:
4th octet
= 20 x 1 + 21 x 1 + 22 x 0 + 23 x 0 + 24 x 0 + 25 x 0
+ 26 x 0 + 27 x 0 = 3
Formula: (Applying on every Bit)
2(the position of the bit) x Bit
1 2 3 4
Writing position NO. from right to left on every bit of the octet
Doing Calculations starting from right bit to the left bit of every Octet
12. Question: How would we know
which part of the IPAddress is of
the Network size and which part is
the Host size?
Answer: For that we use Subnet
Mask.
13. • 32-bit number
• divide an IP address into network and host
portions
• If in the octets of the subnet mask comes
1. 11111111 = 255 = Size of the Network Portion
2. 00000000 = 0 = Size of the Host Portion
SubnetMask
Binary
notation
Decimal
notation
14. • some common subnet masks:
1. 255.255.255.0
2. 255.255.0.0
3. 255.0.0.0
Ip address = 145.10.34.3
Subnet mask = 255.255.0.0
SubnetMask
Where
145.10.0.0 = network
number
34.3 = Host Number
15. Question: How would we know
that for the specific IPAddress
what will be its Subnet Mask?
Answer: For that we use Network
Classes.
16. • Related to determining the subnet mask.
• Provide information about how IP addresses are
divided into network and host portions.
• To categorize IP addresses based on the size of
the network
Network
Classes
17. Class 1st Octet Decimal
range of IP Address
1st Octet High Order
Bits of IP Address
Default Subnet
Mask
Example
A 1-126 0 255.0.0.0 120.3.10.50
B 128-191 10 255.255.0.0 145.10.34.3
C 192-223 110 255.255.255.0 200.9.31.6
D 224-239 1110 Reserved for
Multicasting
239.1.1.1
E 240-254 1111 Experimental; used
for research
purpose
240.0.0.1
The IP address range from 127.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255 is reserved for
a special purpose known as the "loopback" or "localhost" address.
18. DifferenceBetweenTCP/IP&OSIModel
TCP/IP Model
• Transmission Control
Protocol
• Based on standard
protocol
• It comprises of four
layers
OSI Model
• Open System
Interconnection
• Deals with the
functioning of a
network.
• It comprises seven
layers.
20. TCP/IP Model Layers
1. Application layer
• Where software applications that use the
network reside
2. Transport layer
• Ensures data is delivered reliably
between devices.
3. Internet layer
• Deals with addressing and routing data
packets across the internet.
4. Link layer
• Responsible for data transmission over
the physical network medium.
21. • Web Browsing
• Email
• File Sharing
• Video Calls
• Smart Devices
Usesof
TCP/IPSuite
