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Measuring subjective well-being in children and young people_Oddrun Samdal.pdf
- 1. Wellbeing measures in the HBSC Professor Oddrun Samdal, University of Bergen, HBSC Data Manager and new International Coordinator OECD Conference on measure development of wellbeing in adolescents, 4th March 2024
- 2. 1983
- 3. 2021 Russian Federation suspended April 2022
- 4. Aimsof the study Raise awareness of adolescent health Advance scientific knowledge Gather cross- nationally comparative data Build international network and research capacity Encourage use of data in policy and practice Collaborate with key partners with advocacy role
- 6. 1998 - 2022
- 7. Well-being among adolescents • Many dimensions of well-being in this age group • Young people’s feelings about their health and about their lives • Expressed in their behaviour and lifestyles • Influenced by their life circumstances
- 8. Growing up in a changing world ● Globalisation ● Urbanisation ● Rapid technological development ● Invention of the smartphone (1992) and introduction of the iphone (2007) ● War & mass displacement ● Migration ● Global financial crisis 2007/08 ● Climate crisis ● Global pandemic(s) ● Energy crisis
- 9. Adolescents’ life satisfaction (hedonic) is one dimension of well-being
- 10. Key findings 2022 AlinaCosma HBSC,(co)ChairofMentalHealthandWellbeingFocusGroup TrinityCollegeDublin,Ireland VOLUME1AFOCUSONADOLESCENTMENTALHEALTHANDWELL-BEINGIN EUROPE,CENTRALASIAANDCANADA HEALTHBEHAVIOURINSCHOOL-AGEDCHILDREN(HBSC)INTERNATIONALREPORTFROMTHE2021/2022SURVEY
- 12. Cantril’s ladder Life satisfaction Cantril, H. (1965). The pattern of human concern. Rutgers University Press. Here is a picture of a ladder. The top of the ladder “10” is the best possible life for you and the bottom “0” is the worst possible life for you. In general, where on the ladder do you feel you stand at the moment? Tick the box next to the number that best describes where you stand. 10 Best possible life 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Worst possible life
- 13. WHO5 WELLBEING INDEX Please indicate for each of the five statements which is closest to how you have been feeling over the last two weeks. Over the last two weeks… All the time Most of the time More than half of the time Less than half of the time Some of the time At no time I have felt cheerful and in good spirits 5 ▢ 4 ▢ 3 ▢ 2 ▢ 1 ▢ 0 ▢ I have felt calm and relaxed 5 ▢ 4 ▢ 3 ▢ 2 ▢ 1 ▢ 0 ▢ I have felt active and vigorous 5 ▢ 4 ▢ 3 ▢ 2 ▢ 1 ▢ 0 ▢ I woke up feeling fresh and rested 5 ▢ 4 ▢ 3 ▢ 2 ▢ 1 ▢ 0 ▢ My daily life has been filled with things that interest me 5 ▢ 4 ▢ 3 ▢ 2 ▢ 1 ▢ 0 ▢
- 16. Lifesatisfactionisdeclining Withgirlsreportingworseoutcomescomparedtoboys 8.2 7.8 7.5 7 7.1 6.7 2018 2022 Life satisfaction (mean score) 11-year-olds 13-year-olds 15-year-olds 8.2 8.1 7.9 7.7 7.6 7.4 2018 2022 11-year-olds 13-year-olds 15-year-olds
- 17. Norwegian 15-year-olds with high life satisfaction Boys Girls
- 19. Health complaints, HBSC-HCL In the last 6 months: how often have you had the following….? Please tick one box for each line. About every day More than once a week About every week About every month Rarely or never Headache 1 ▢ 2 ▢ 3 ▢ 4 ▢ 5 ▢ Stomachache 1 ▢ 2 ▢ 3 ▢ 4 ▢ 5 ▢ Backache 1 ▢ 2 ▢ 3 ▢ 4 ▢ 5 ▢ Feeling low 1 ▢ 2 ▢ 3 ▢ 4 ▢ 5 ▢ Irritability or bad temper 1 ▢ 2 ▢ 3 ▢ 4 ▢ 5 ▢ Feeling nervous 1 ▢ 2 ▢ 3 ▢ 4 ▢ 5 ▢ Difficulties in getting to sleep 1 ▢ 2 ▢ 3 ▢ 4 ▢ 5 ▢ Feeling dizzy 1 ▢ 2 ▢ 3 ▢ 4 ▢ 5 ▢
- 20. Girlsreporthigherprevalenceofmultiplehealth complaintscomparedto boys For girls, the prevalence increases with age in all countries. Age 31 33 36 42 58 66 11 13 15 Multiple health complaints
- 22. Other wellbeing measures used in the HBSC
- 23. Mental Health Index - KIDSCREEN
- 24. KIDSCREEN PH1.1 Thinking about the last week … Never *(Not at all) Seldom *(Slightly) Quite often *(Moderately) Very often *(Very) Always *(Extremely) 1) Have you felt fit and well? * 2) Have you felt full of energy? 3) Have you felt sad? 4) Have you felt lonely? 5) Have you had enough time for yourself? 6) Have you been able to do the things that you want to do in your free time? 7) Have your parent(s) treated you fairly? 8) Have you had fun with your friends? 9) Have you got on well at school? * 10) Have you been able to pay attention? Ravens-Sieberer, U. et al. (2005). KIDSCREEN-52 quality-of-life measure for children and adolescents. Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research, 5 (3), 353-364
- 26. SDQ PH2.1. For each item please mark the box for not true, somewhat true or certainly true. It would help us if you answer all items as best as you can even if you are not absolutely certain or the item seems draft! Please give your answers on the basis of how things have been for you over the last month Not true Somewhat true Certainly true 1) I am restless, I cannot stay still for long 2) I get a lot of headaches, stomach-aches or sickness 3) I get very angry and often lose my temper 4) I am usually on my own. I generally play alone or keep to myself 5) I usually do as I am told 6) I worry a lot 7) I am constantly fidgeting or squirming 8) I have one good friend or more 9) I fight a lot. I can make other people do what I want 10) I am often unhappy, down-hearted or tearful 11) Other people my age generally like me 12) I am easily distracted, I find it difficult to concentrate 13) I am nervous in new situations, I easily lose my confidence 14) I am often accused of lying or cheating 15) Other children or young people pick on me or bully me 16) I think before I do things 17) I take things that are not mine from home, school or elsewhere 18) I get on better with adults than with people my age 19) I have many fears, I am easily scared 20) I finish the work I’m doing. My attention is good Very long and somewhat repetitive of other measures HBSC uses Marzocchi, GM, Capron, C., Di Pietro, M, Tauleria, W., Duyme, M., Frigerio, A. et al (2004). The use of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in Southern European countries. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 13(S2,) 40-46.
- 27. Conclusions and final comments • Growing gender and age disparities in mental health and well-being • Do the measures account adequately for boys’ wellbeing? • Identify what are the key dimensions and adequate timeline of well-being to be measured • Measures to be included in adolescent health surveys cannot be too long • HBSC is interested in developing, piloting, and using new adolescent wellbeing measures