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JAZOON'13 - Stefan Saasen - Real World Git Workflows
- 2. TODO Show of hands Picture with hands/lighter/concert
- 3. git
- 4. Subversion
- 5. NO VCS AT ALL? you must love pain
- 6. Stefan Saasen Atlassian Stash Development Lead I come out nice in pictures, I know :-). @stefansaasen
- 7. You heard has Cheap local branching Full local history Staging area Speed Much faster than svn Huge community prominent in Open Source cryptographic integrity Superior Merging Distributed
- 8. ground breaking paradigm is ground breaking
- 9. Workflow building blocks fork cheap branching rebase powerful merging distributed efficient clone
- 10. Can we do a fast Can we fix a bug for a specific RELEASE HOTFIXrelease? for the current ? Can we BUILD the current code ? Is the code for that FEATURE complete? Has everybody REVIEWED ? the code for this feature
- 15. We’ll cover: 1 Collaboration model 2 Branching model 3 Practices & Decisions 4 Tooling & Automation
- 16. Easy, right? 1 Which collaboration model?
- 17. I do my thing here’s mine, who tells john? I do my thing, too ANARCHY look ma, a goat! Fully decentralized Anarchy
- 18. He is cool Gatekeeper Blessed repository with Gatekeeper To have your work accepted, talk to him
- 19. Dictator long live the King! Lieutenants guard the King and Lieutenants Blessed repository
- 20. Centralised Shared common repository we share “everything”
- 21. More on Collaboration models atlassian.com/git
- 23. Metrics Issues Builds They know where the code needs to go! Deployments
- 25. Two common Branching Models 1 Continuous Delivery 2 Product Releases
- 27. Time feature staging master/ production promoted from staging, can receive hotfixes master is in production PR staging is the next version new features off staging Hotfix with branch names like: username/ISSUE-KEY-summary
- 28. “ Significant branches map to a concept in the outside world. It may be a past release, an environment or a role. Those branches are long-running and stable whereas feature branches are ” short lived and volatile. Me, just making this up.
- 30. PRJ-123-description PRJ-123-bug-description Time feature bugfix branch branches master 1 Central Repository Short lived 2 One Branch per Feature 3 One Branch per Bugfix
- 31. master Long running 2.2 PRJ-345-bug-description Time bugfix release branch 4 Release Branches 5 master is alpha / RC
- 32. Automatic merges for the win!
- 33. Automatic MERGES! release branch 2.2 2.1 PRJ-345-bug-description Time bugfix release branch master
- 34. Placeholder for changes you DON’T want to merge!
- 35. release branch 2.2.1 2.2 2.1 release branch 2.1.4 2.1.5-SNAPSHOT What can we do here? We don’t want to merge the 2.1.x version!
- 36. git merge --strategy= resolve
- 37. git merge --strategy= recursive
- 38. git merge --strategy= ours
- 39. stable branch 2.2.1 2.2 2.1 stable branch 2.1.4 2.1.5-SNAPSHOT $> git checkout stable-2.2 $> git merge -s ours stable-2.1 merge commit, content discarded
- 40. Deep breath, it’s really simple
- 41. The secret sauce The merge protocol
- 42. The secret sauce The merge protocol When a branch is: Change flows from branch to baseline: Change flows from baseline to branch: More stable than its baseline Continually Never When code complete Continually Release branch Less stable than its baseline Feature branches Credit: Laura Wingerd - The Flow of change
- 43. The secret sauce The merge protocol Release Branch Never merge! Merge continually Master Backport single changes using git cherry-pick
- 45. What is a Pull Request?
- 46. Pull Request I have some code here! Hey I have some code I want to merge here, take a look? Low friction collaboration Can I merge it here?
- 48. With Forks Every one has their remote repository Full remote copy, each has one Integrator, Gatekeeper, Tech Lead, etc.
- 49. Pros of a Single Repo All feature branches available 1 Complete visibility 2 No per Dev remotes required 3 KISS
- 50. Forks Are Great too BTW
- 52. 4 Reasons for... FORKING IN THE ENTERPRISE REASON 1 Great for customizing libraries and still get bug fixes
- 53. FORKING IN THE ENTERPRISE REASON 2 Great for innovation spikes and maybe add it later
- 54. FORKING IN THE but still be open for changes REASON 3 Protecting your components ENTERPRISE
- 55. FORKING IN THE ENTERPRISE REASON 4 Reduce the noise and keep the overview for huge projects
- 57. Hooks
- 58. “ Hooks are little scripts you can place in the `$GIT_DIR/hooks` directory to trigger ” action at certain points. – githooks Documentation
- 59. Pre Post
- 60. Local Remote
- 62. Code Quality
- 64. git add -u git commit -m "TEST checkstyle"
- 65. Starting audit... /Users/user/[...]/com/atlassian/stash/ web/projects/ProjectController.java: 161:12: 'for' is not followed by whitespace. Audit done. Commit aborted.
- 66. Branch from green builds
- 68. $ git checkout master master is lookin'good! c4f3b4b has 4 green builds. $ git checkout stable-2.3 DANGER! stable-2.3 is busted. e1324fa has 2 red builds.
- 70. What happens to CI with git?
- 71. 1 An explosion of branches 2 Performance degradation of build sys 3 Building everything is expensive
- 72. 1 Automatically build stable and master 2 Manually trigger feature branch builds
- 73. In Conclusion: the recipe
- 74. Conclusions Collaboration Model Branching Model Product workflow Centralized Continuous delivery workflow Merge protocol Adopt Git Practices Embrace PR Single Repo or Forks Automation & CI setup Build automatically, but leave knobs! Hooks, hooks everywhere
- 75. Thank you for your attention! @stefansaasen ssaasen@atlassian.com www.atlassian.com