basic effects of earthquakes with a case study on haiti and its cause and effect on the country

1. Effects of
earthquakes
By Mr. Rodgers

2. Effects
• Cause the ground to shake
violently
• Earthquakes that appear under
the sea are known as ?
• Many people are displaced and
homeless due to the earthquake
• Effect being potential fire due to
gas breakages and petrol leaks

3. EARTHQUAKE IN THE DRAKENSBERG ??????
• Lets create a scenario of the unlikely event that an 8.0 magnitude
earthquake took place right here in Drakies ( what are some of the effects
we as the community will face during this time ?)
• No water
• No electricity
• Structural damage to the boarding houses causing us to become
homeless
• No sanitation causing people to be sick
• Due to how rural we are a huge delay in assistance

4. Why are some communities at higher risk than others ?
• People who live by plate margins are at a much higher risk
• Can you name some countries that are by plate margins ?
• Argentina
• Japan
• New Zealand
• Mexico
• High risk communities –
• Urban areas
• Areas with dense population
• Poor infrastructure
• Communities with poor rescue plans
• Settlements with poor communication (why is this an issue?)

5. Why are some communities at higher risk than others
• Developing countries such as Haiti and Mexico are at high risk due to lack
of resource (Rely heavily on other countries )
• Some developed countries that do provide aid include ?
• United Kingdom
• United States
• Canada
• Germany
• How do developed countries prepare for earthquakes ?

6. Reducing the impact – preparing for earthquakes
• Utility Shutdown Protocols: Implementing procedures to promptly cut off
electricity and gas supplies, reducing risks of secondary hazards during seismic
events
• Mass Communication and Sirens: Deploying mass messaging systems and
audible sirens to swiftly alert communities about impending earthquakes,
enabling timely evacuation and readiness
• Well-Equipped Response Teams: Ensuring fully staffed emergency teams
equipped to manage earthquake aftermaths, with ample provisions of food and
water to sustain affected populations
• Proficient Rescue Personnel: Investing in rigorous training programs to hone
the skills of rescue teams, enabling them to conduct efficient search and rescue
operations.
• Effective Machinery: Procuring and maintaining specialized equipment like
helicopters and diggers to facilitate swift response efforts, ensuring rapid access
to impacted areas for lifesaving interventions

7. Where is Haiti located ?

8. Haiti before the earthquake
1.Poverty: Haiti was one of the poorest countries in the Western Hemisphere, with
a large proportion of its population living below the poverty line. According to the
World Bank, about 70% of people lived on less than R10 a day
2.Unemployment: Unemployment rates were high, and decent job opportunities
were scarce, especially for the youth. Lack of employment opportunities
exacerbated poverty and social unrest.
3.Infrastructure: Haiti's infrastructure was inadequate and often poorly maintained.
Roads, bridges, and other critical infrastructure were in need of repair and
modernization
4.Political Instability: Haiti had a history of political instability and frequent
changes in government. Corruption and political unrest were significant
challenges that hindered development efforts and contributed to economic
hardships.

9. The impact
• The Haiti earthquake of January 12, 2010, was a catastrophic event that
devastated the nation, leaving a profound impact on its people and
infrastructure.
Magnitude and Epicenter: The earthquake, with a magnitude of 7.0, struck
near the capital city of Port-au-Prince. Its epicenter was located just 16 miles
west of the city, resulting in widespread destruction.
Destruction and Casualties: The earthquake caused extensive damage to
buildings, roads, and infrastructure, leaving thousands dead, injured, or
missing. Estimates suggest that over 230,000 people lost their lives, and
more than 1.5 million were displaced from their homes.

10. One year after the earthquake
• 1,8 million people had received help
• Nearly 500 000 people got improved temporary homes
• 720 000 people were given clean water
• 890 000 people were given access to safe toilets.
• 187 000 medical consultations were made.
• 39 schools were up and running within six months
• 13 000 teachers were trained.