3. INTRODUCTION
• Understanding demographic trends is crucial for various
reasons.
• It helps businesses tailor products and services to specific
consumer needs, assists policymakers in planning for
healthcare, education, and social services, and enables
marketers to create targeted campaigns.
• Additionally, demographic insights aid in anticipating
workforce changes, shaping economic strategies, and
fostering overall societal development.
• India holds immense significance in global demographics
due to its large and diverse population. As the world's
second-most populous country, India's demographic trends
greatly impact global population dynamics, influencing
areas such as workforce availability, market potential, and
cultural diversity.
• The youth bulge in India presents opportunities for
economic growth, but effective management of this
demographic dividend is crucial for sustainable
development.
• Additionally, India's demographic trends influence global
healthcare demands, migration patterns, and geopolitical
considerations. PRESENTATION TITLE 3
4. PRESENTATION TITLE 4
• India 2023 population is estimated
at 1,428,627,663 people at mid year. It is
equivalent to 17.76% of the total world
population. India ranks number 1 in the list of
countries (and dependencies) by population.
• India has the second-largest population in the
world, surpassed only by China. The population
figures are subject to change, but as of that time:
China: Over 1.4 billion
India: Over 1.3 billion
• The population of these two countries is
significantly larger than that of any other nation.
• The United States, Indonesia, Pakistan, Brazil,
and several other countries follow in terms of
population but are considerably smaller in
comparison.
POPULATION OVERVIEW
5. 5
POPULATION GROWTH
• India has experienced significant historical population growth trends. In the mid-20th century, the
population was around 360 million. The post-independence period saw a steady increase, and by the
late 20th century, India had surpassed one billion people.
• In recent decades, there have been efforts to control population growth through family planning and
awareness programs. While the rate of growth has slowed, India's population continues to increase,
driven by a youthful demographic structure and improving life expectancy.
• Understanding and managing this growth remain critical for India's economic and social development,
as well as for addressing challenges related to healthcare, education, and employment. Ongoing
demographic shifts have implications for the country's future and its role on the global stage.
• Several factors contributed to this growth
• High birth rate
• Improved healthcare
• Cultural and social factors
• Lack of awareness
• Poverty and economic factors
• Urbanization and migration
6. Challenges: While a youth bulge offers potential advantages, effective harnessing of this demographic dividend requires
investment in education, skill development, and job creation. Failure to provide adequate opportunities may lead to unemployment
and social unrest.
Education and Skill Development: Investing in education and skill development becomes crucial to ensure that the youth are
equipped with the necessary capabilities for the job market and can contribute meaningfully to the economy.
Policy Implications: Governments need policies that address the unique needs of a youthful population, focusing on education,
healthcare, and employment. A failure to adapt policies to the youth bulge could result in missed opportunities and challenges.
In summary, while a youth bulge presents a demographic dividend, realizing its benefits requires strategic planning, investment in
education and skills, and policies that foster economic opportunities for the youth.
PRESENTATION TITLE 6
AGE DISTRIBUTION
The term "youth bulge" refers to a demographic situation where a large proportion of a
country's population is in the youth age group, typically between 15 and 24 years. In the
context of India, the youth bulge has significant implications:
Demographic Dividend: presents a potential demographic dividend, as a large and
youthful workforce can contribute to economic growth and productivity. This
phenomenon can lead to a "window of opportunity" for accelerated development.
Economic Opportunities: With a substantial working-age population, there is an
opportunity for increased labor force participation, innovation, and entrepreneurship,
contributing to economic development.
Social Dynamics: influences social dynamics, culture, and consumer behavior. It can
drive trends in education, technology adoption, and shape societal norms.
7. PRESENTATION TITLE 7
• Gender ratio in India in 2023, the sex ratio of the total
population in India is 106.516 males per 100 females.
• There are 736,851,532 or 736.85 million males and 691,776,131
or 691.78 million females in India.
• The percentage of the female population is 48.42 percent
compared to 51.58 percent male population.
GENDER RATIO
8. PRESENTATION TITLE 8
Gender ratios in India exhibit regional variations, and these differences are influenced by a combination of cultural,
social, economic, and historical factors. Some notable trends include:
• North western States: States like Haryana and Punjab often experience lower gender ratios, partially due to a
preference for male children, which can lead to sex-selective practices such as female feticide.
• Southern States: States like Kerala and Tamil Nadu tend to have more balanced gender ratios. Higher literacy rates,
better healthcare, and a more progressive social outlook contribute to reduced gender-based discrimination.
• Eastern and Northeastern States: States in this region generally have more balanced gender ratios compared to
certain northern states. Cultural and social practices, as well as historical factors, play a role in shaping attitudes
toward gender.
• Urban-Rural Divide: Disparities between urban and rural areas also contribute to variations in gender ratios. Urban
areas, with better access to education and economic opportunities, may exhibit more balanced ratios compared to some
rural regions.
• Economic Factors: Economic development can influence gender ratios. Regions with higher economic prosperity and
diverse job opportunities may see a more equitable distribution of resources and status between genders.
• Education and Awareness: Areas with higher literacy rates and greater awareness about gender equality often exhibit
more balanced gender ratios. Education plays a crucial role in challenging traditional gender norms.
• Efforts to address gender imbalances in India involve campaigns promoting the value of the girl child, legal measures
against sex-selective practices, and initiatives promoting education and economic opportunities for women. It's
important to note that gender ratios are complex and multifaceted, and addressing them requires a comprehensive
approach that tackles social, cultural, and economic factors.
9. PRESENTATION TITLE 9
URBANIZATION TRENDS
• More than 909 million people in India live in the rural areas
in 2021, an increase compared to 2018.
• Urban India, although far behind with nearly 500 million
people, had a higher year-on-year growth rate during the
measured time period.
10. PRESENTATION TITLE 10
LITERACY RATES
• India's total literacy rate is 77.70% (2021 and 2022). And this weightage is achieved after a very long
period of reforms and policies. In the year 1947 when India got its independence, the literacy rate was
dismal. Only 18% of the overall population was literate.
• The literacy rate of Indian women has grown over the years. According to the World Bank India report,
only 1 of 11 girls was literate at the time of India's independence, about nine percent. And at present,
the women's literacy rate has jumped to 77% while India's male literacy rate stands at 84.7%.
11. PRESENTATION TITLE 11
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
• In India, 71% of adults do not have upper secondary education. Even among younger adults, 70%of
women have not attained upper secondary education, compared to 58% of men.
• The share of tertiary-educated adults is growing in India.
• By 2030, tertiary-educated adults from Indiaare expected to make up more than one-fifth of the tertiary-
educated population across OECD andG20 countries.
• The majority of Indian students in tertiary education are enrolled in private institutions, where the ratio of
students to teachers is much lower than in public institutions.
• Although the share of doctorate holders among the adult population is very low, India accounted for one in
every ten doctoral student graduating in the G20 countries in 2017.
12. PRESENTATION TITLE 12
• Education plays a pivotal role in the development of India across various dimensions. Here are key points
highlighting the importance of education for development in India:
• Human Capital Development:
• Economic Growth:
• Poverty Alleviation:
• Health Improvement:
• Gender Equality:
• Social Cohesion
• Innovation and Research
• Global Competitiveness
• Demographic Dividend
• Environmental Sustainability
13. PRESENTATION TITLE 13
ECONOMIC STATUS
• In 2019-20, the top 1% earns almost thrice as much as the bottom 10%.
• It finds that the share of the top 1% in the total income is 6.82% whereas the top
10% earns 32.52% of total income. While the bottom 50% only held
approximately 22% of total income
• The country registered a significant decline of 9.89 percentage points in India's
multidimensionally poor from 24.85% in 2015-16 to 14.96% in 2019-2021.
• The rural areas witnessed the fastest decline in poverty, from 32.59% to 19.28%
15. PRESENTATION TITLE 15
HEALTH INDICATORS
LIFE EXPECTANCY
The current life expectancy for India in 2023 is 70.42 years, a 0.33% increase from 2022. The life expectancy for
India in 2022 was 70.19 years, a 0.33% increase from 2021.
INFANT MORTALITY
•The current infant mortality rate for India in 2023 is 26.619 deaths per 1000 live births, a 3.89% decline from
2022.
•The infant mortality rate for India in 2022 was 27.695 deaths per 1000 live births, a 3.74% decline from 2021.
•The infant mortality rate for India in 2021 was 28.771 deaths per 1000 live births, a 3.61% decline from 2020.
•The infant mortality rate for India in 2020 was 29.848 deaths per 1000 live births, a 3.48% decline from 2019.
DISEASE PREVAILANCE
•About 27% of Indian adults suffer from cardiovascular disease and 18% are diagnosed with diabetes, with the
prevalence being much higher in urban areas as compared to rural areas. Around 10% people living in rural areas
have no access to essential medicines and only 19% have a health insurance
17. PRESENTATION TITLE 17
FUTURE PROJECTIONS
• The International Monetary Fund raised its forecast for India, saying that the country's growth will remain
strong in 2023 and 2024. According to the IMF's October update of its World Economic Outlook., India's
economy will grow 6.3% in 2023, an increase from an earlier forecast of 6.1%
• Although India faces numerous domestic challenges, such as health care, education, and the economy,
• India's Government is striving to address these challenges and is implementing policies that promote the
wellbeing and prosperity of its citizens.2
• India's G20 priorities reflect a commitment to inclusive and resilient growth and focusing on issues such
as climate, finance, sustainable development, and global health resilience.
18. 18
• India advocates for a gradual and systematic approach
to sustainable development and reducing carbon
emissions while supporting the most affected sections
of society. Climate change poses a major threat to
India's environment, economy, and people, and India's
efforts on climate change are gradual and balanced,
taking into account the specific needs and
circumstances of its diverse population.5
• It is important to remember that democratically
elected governments have a right and obligation to
work towards the welfare of their citizens.
19. PRESENTATION TITLE 19
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
Healthcare Challenges in India:
Access Disparities: Rural-urban and regional disparities in healthcare access persist, affecting the
availability of medical services, professionals, and facilities.
Infrastructure Gaps: Insufficient healthcare infrastructure, especially in rural areas, hinders the delivery
of quality medical care and timely interventions.
Disease Burden: India faces a significant burden of communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases
(NCDs), and emerging health challenges, posing complex healthcare management issues.
Maternal and Child Health: Maternal mortality rates and child malnutrition remain concerns,
highlighting the need for improved maternal and child healthcare services.
Infectious Diseases: The country grapples with infectious diseases, including outbreaks like dengue,
tuberculosis, and occasional public health emergencies.
Mental Health: Stigma, limited awareness, and inadequate resources contribute to challenges in addressing
mental health issues on a broad scale.
20. PRESENTATION TITLE 20
Healthcare Advancements in India:
Telemedicine: Advancements in telemedicine and digital health technologies have facilitated remote
consultations, improving healthcare accessibility.
Vaccination Programs: Successful vaccination campaigns target various diseases, contributing to the
prevention and control of infectious illnesses.
Medical Research: India has made strides in medical research, contributing to advancements in areas
such as pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and clinical studies.
Public Health Initiatives: Government-led initiatives aim to address healthcare challenges, focusing on
areas like sanitation, hygiene, and disease prevention.
Health Insurance: The expansion of health insurance coverage has increased financial protection for
individuals, allowing more people to access medical services without facing extreme economic hardship.
Innovations in Treatment: Advances in medical treatments and surgical procedures contribute to
improving outcomes for various health conditions.
While India has made progress in healthcare, addressing ongoing challenges requires sustained efforts,
investments, and a comprehensive approach to ensure equitable and accessible healthcare for all citizens.
21. PRESENTATION TITLE 21
CULTURAL DIVERSITY
Cultures:
Regional Diversity: India's cultural diversity is reflected in the distinct traditions, customs, and art forms
across its various states and regions.
Festivals: Each region celebrates a myriad of festivals with unique rituals and festivities. Diwali, Holi,
Eid, Durga Puja, and many others are celebrated with enthusiasm across the country.
Cuisine: Indian cuisine is diverse, with regional specialties that include a variety of spices, flavors, and
cooking techniques. Each region contributes its own culinary delights.
Traditional Arts: India has a rich tradition of classical and folk arts, including classical music and dance
forms, folk dances, and traditional crafts.
Languages:
Linguistic Diversity: India is home to numerous languages, with Hindi and English being the official
languages at the national level. Each state often has its own official language(s).
Major Language Families: Languages in India belong to several language families, including Indo-
Aryan, Dravidian, Austroasiatic, Tibeto-Burman, and others.
Script Diversity: Various scripts, such as Devanagari, Tamil, Bengali, and Kannada scripts, are used for
writing different languages.
22. PRESENTATION TITLE 22
Religions:
1.Hinduism: The majority of Indians practice Hinduism, which encompasses diverse traditions, beliefs, and
practices.
2.Islam: Islam is the second-largest religion in India, with a significant Muslim population. India has a rich
Islamic heritage reflected in its architecture, art, and traditions.
3.Christianity: Christianity is followed by a considerable number of Indians, with diverse Christian
communities across the country.
4.Sikhism: Sikhism originated in India, and the majority of Sikhs live in the state of Punjab. The Golden
Temple in Amritsar is a significant Sikh religious site.
5.Jainism and Buddhism: Jainism and Buddhism have ancient roots in India and continue to have
followers, particularly in specific regions.
6.Minority Religions: India is also home to various other religions, including Zoroastrianism, Judaism, and
Baha'i Faith, each with its own small but distinct community.
This rich tapestry of cultures, languages, and religions is a defining feature of India, contributing to its
vibrant and pluralistic society.
