It seems like you might be referring to the book "Outliers: The Story of Success" by Malcolm Gladwell. In this influential book, Gladwell explores the factors that contribute to high levels of success and examines the stories of outliers who have achieved extraordinary accomplishments. The book delves into the idea that individual success is not solely determined by personal qualities but is often influenced by external factors such as culture, upbringing, and opportunity.

1. Book Summary by:
Archit Rathi
Abhishek Dhiman
Gaurav Rakawat
Prashant Singh

2. ABOUT THE BOOK
 Genre – Pop Sociology
 Scientifically sound
 Comprehensible to the target audience
 Entertaining to the target audience
 Relevant to the target audience
 Well written
 It's a study of success. What does it take to be
successful? How do you get to be the best of the
best?

3. OUT LI ER-,LĪ(-Ə)R NOUN
1. Something that is situated away from or classed
differently from a main or related body
2. A statistical observation that is markedly different
in value from the others of the sample
 “Outlier” is a term used to describe things, people,
or phenomenon that lie outside of normal
experience.
 This book is concerned with people who are outliers
in terms of success.

4.  Outliers are men and women who do things out of
the ordinary
 To understand why certain people become outliers
we must look at factors beyond innate talent. We
must also look at:
 Where they were reared
 When they grew up
 The culture they belonged to
 The characteristics passed down by their forebears

5. THE ECOLOGY OF ORGANISMS
 The tallest tree in the forest probably came from a
hardy acorn, but other factors also contributed to its
height.
 Factors such as:
 No other trees blocked sunlight from getting through to
the tree
 The soil around the tree was rich in nutrients
 No animals chewed through its bark when it was a
young tree
 No one cut it down before it matured

6. “THE ROSETO MYSTERY”
 No suicide
 No alcoholism
 No addiction
 No welfare
 No crime
 No ulcers
 41% of calories from fat
 Big fat smokers
 Must have been genetics
 Must have been diet
 Must have been exercise
 Must have been the area the lived
 Must have been….
 “These people were dying from old age, that’s it

7. “THE ROSETO MYSTERY”
What caused it?
 22 Civic organizations
 Three generations under one roof
 Friends talking on the street
 Transplanted the Paesani culture from Southern Italy
Insulated them from the pressures of the modern
world

8. EFFECTS OF “WHEN YOU ARE BORN”
 Of the seventy-five richest people of human history, fourteen
were born between 1831 and 1840.
 To become a Computer Mogul, a person needed to be born
between 1952 and 1958.
 An analysis of a highly successful Canadian hockey team
found:
 40% of the players were born between January and March
 30% were born between April and June
 20% were born between July and September
 10% were born between October and December

9. “BIRTH DATE” MATTERS
 In Canada the eligibility cut off for age-class (club) hockey is
January 1
 Those players born early in the year are bigger and more
mature than those born later in the year
 As a consequence, the older players perform better and
are picked for advanced placement where they receive
better coaching and more playing time
 In the U.S., the cutoff for almost all non-school baseball
leagues is July 31
 As a result, more major league players are born in August
than in any other month

10. ACCUMULATED ADVANTAGE
 “For unto everyone that hath shall be given, and he shall have
abundance. But from him that hath not shall be taken away
even which he hath.” – The Matthew Effect
 The rich have a natural advantage
 The best students get the best teachers and the most
attention
 Some people start off a little bit superior to their peers
 This initial small difference leads to more opportunities, which
makes them more superior, which leads to more opportunities,
etc., etc., etc.

11. 10,000 HOUR RULE
 To become an expert in something it takes 10,000
hours of practice
 10,000 hours = 3 hours/day x 10 years
 The closer psychologists look at the careers of
outliers, the less important is innate talent and the
more important is preparation
 Ten thousand hours is the magic number for
expertise in most areas

12. 10,000 HOURS
BILL GATES
 Parents – Wealthy Lawyer/Banker’s daughter
 7th grade - Private School/Computer club
 1968 - Mother’s Club bought computer terminal for mainframe in
downtown Seattle
 U. Wash – Computer Center Corp. – leased mainframe time
(founder’s son @ same school)
 ISI – Free time for working on payroll app
 TRW – Independent study semester, writing code for Bonneville
power station app
 Dropped out of Harvard – had 7 years’ programming experience
BEATLES
 Before they became famous, the Beatles played eight hours a
day, seven days a week in a club in Hamburg

13. EFFECT OF “TIMING”
 The most important date in the history of the personal
computer revolution is January 1975 when the Altair 8800 was
introduced.
 If you were too old for the personal computer revolution in
1975 you were probably born before 1952.
 If you were born after 1959 you were probably too young
 Leaders of the personal computer revolution:
– Bill Gates – 1955 (Microsoft)
– Paul Allen – 1953 (Microsoft #2)
– Steve Ballmer – 1956 (Microsoft #24)
– Steve Jobs – 1955 (Apple)
– Eric Schmidt – 1955 (PARC, Sun (Java), Novell, Google)
– Vinod Khosla– 1955 (Sun Microsystems – IIT Delhi)

14. “THE TROUBLES WITH GENIUS”
 Knowledge of a boy’s IQ is of little help if you are faced with a
formful of clever boys.
 “The relationship between success and IQ works only up to a
point”. There are other factors that may come into play, such
as creativity
 One raised in wealth and opportunity is more likely to be
successful than one raised in poverty.
 Social Skills may be the difference in success between two
people of high intelligence
 Practical Intelligence Matters: Knowing What to say, Whom to
say it to, When to say & How to say it?

15. THE ETHNIC THEORY OF PLANE CRASHES
 Late 90's - Korean Airlines - statistically far too many crashes.
 The planes are not of poor quality, it is the people and the
process.
 Korean culture - person with higher authority should not be
questioned.
 Differences – If an American co-pilot says, "We are
dangerously low on fuel", a Korean might have said
something like, "This plane is flying light."
 The submissive nature in the Korean culture didn't allow for
the balance check that co-pilot was supposed to provide.
 Effect of Culture was responsible for the crashes

16. LESSONS LEARNT
 Timing can be critical to an outlier's success.
 Outliers have the opportunity and put in the work to
be the best of the best.
 High intelligence as measured by IQ tests do not
necessarily lead to success
 If you want to be successful, be born to a wealthy
family and work on your social skills.

17. STYLE OF WRITING
 Series of anecdotes
 Often within the digestions in a story there is other related
stories. Towards the end it becomes a manifesto for the
fostering of success
 Uses sound data from reputable sources
 Covers a subject important to almost everyone, especially
budding intellectuals about to start their careers.
 Combines research from many sources and uses them to
create a fresh portrait of something so basic and well studied
 Written plainly and clearly
 It is quick moving and highly entertaining

18. OTHER BOOKS BY THE AUTHOR
 The Tipping Point
 Blink
 What The Dog Saw
 READ IT