The Indian banking sector has witnessed many Mergers and Acquisitions in the recent and past decades. With this context this study analyzed pre and post merger performance of ING Vysya Bank and Kotak Mahindra Bank using CAMEL rating approach system. The quality of assets is an important parameter to gauge the strength of the bank. The prime aphorism behind measuring the assets quality is to ascertain the component of non performing assets NPAs , total investments and total assets. This paper mainly aims to highlight the theoretical background of merger and acquisition and evaluation of assets quality in Indian banking sector and to examine the pre and post merger performance of net NPAs to net advances and gross NPAs to gross advances in ING Vysya and Kotak Mahindra bank. And also, to assess the pre and post merger performance of total investment to total assets and net NPAs to total assets of ING Vysya and Kotak Mahindra Bank. In this paper data has been collected from secondary sources and for the purposes of analysis or to measure adequacy of data applied one sample T Test, descriptive statistics. Finally, this study results net NPAs to net advances, gross NPAs to gross advances, net NPAs to total assets post merger performance was high and improved compared to the pre merger performance of Kotak Mahindra bank. Further the total investment to total assets the post merger performance was less or reduced after ING Vysya Bank merged with Kotak Mahindra Bank. Therefore, there is a significant difference between pre and post merger performance of net NPAs to net advances and total investment to total assets. K. Divya | Dr. P. Basaiah "A Study on Mergers & Acquisitions of Indian Banking Sector" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45147.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/45147/a-study-on-mergers-and-acquisitions-of-indian-banking-sector/k-divya
The document is a project report on analyzing and comparing mutual funds in India. It includes an executive summary and sections on the company profile of HDFC Asset Management, the history and regulatory framework of the Indian mutual fund industry, concepts of mutual funds, types of mutual funds, advantages of mutual funds, methodology, findings and analysis, and conclusions. The mutual fund industry in India has grown significantly since the establishment of the first fund in 1963 and now has over Rs. 639,000 crore in assets under management.
This document is a summer internship report submitted by Santosh Behera to the Asian School of Business Management in 2009. The report provides a comparison of mutual funds with other investment products. It includes a corporate profile section that describes Reliance Money, the company where the internship was completed. The report reviews literature on mutual funds and other investments like ULIPs, stocks, bonds, and real estate. It also describes the research methodology used in the report, which includes collecting data through a questionnaire and analyzing it with statistical tools. The findings and conclusions from the research are summarized.
Credit risk management @ state bank of india project report mba financeBabasab Patil
This document provides an executive summary and background for a project on credit risk management at State Bank of India. It discusses the objectives to study the bank's credit rating procedures, risk management activities, and compliance with RBI guidelines. It also covers the methodology, findings and recommendations. Key findings include that SBI sanctions less credit to agriculture compared to competitors, has effective credit risk management processes, and could improve by reducing interest rates and lending more to indirect agriculture sectors.
CREDIT APPRAISAL PROCESS OF HDB FINANCIAL SERVICES pptsHarpreet Singh
This document appears to be a presentation summarizing an internship project studying credit appraisal policy at HDB Financial Services. The presentation covers the non-banking financial company industry and HDB Financial Services company profile. It then discusses the objectives of studying credit appraisal process, tools used, research design involving a survey, findings, recommendations, and conclusions. The objectives were to understand credit appraisal, the process, required tools, and loan terms and conditions. A survey of 50 loan applicants examined customer perceptions of HDB's services and funding. Findings included some loans being sanctioned due to strong financial statements despite higher risk. Recommendations included exceeding branch credit limits to reduce workload and strictly following policies. The conclusion was that
A project report on awareness of mutual funds 1Nirali Nayi
This document is a project report submitted by Swati M. Suthar and Nirali D. Nayi for their Advance Diploma in Banking and Insurance at S.K. College of Business Management, HNGU, Patan. The report is about creating awareness of mutual funds and was conducted under the guidance of their faculty member Mr. Nisarg Khamar. It includes a certificate from their guide, preface, acknowledgements, executive summary, and the beginning of the introduction chapter which provides an overview of what a mutual fund is.
The document provides an overview of the banking industry in India. It discusses that banks have become an attractive way for people to invest their savings and that HDFC was one of the first private sector banks established in India. It then analyzes the financial ratios of HDFC Bank compared to other private banks like ICICI, ING Vysya, Citibank, and Kotak Mahindra. The analysis found that HDFC Bank's current assets are lower than ICICI Bank but some of its ratios like return on total resources are satisfactory. It provides some suggestions like increasing current assets and capturing younger customers through mobile banking.
The document provides an overview of project financing and Union Bank of India. It discusses how project financing is used to fund large infrastructure projects and is emerging as a preferred alternative to conventional financing. It also provides details on Union Bank of India such as its establishment, services offered, branches, technology initiatives and rankings. The document outlines the steps involved in project financing at Union Bank including conducting feasibility studies, assessing financial health, determining credit ratings, fixing interest rates and sanctioning and disbursing loans. Conducting in-depth feasibility studies of the technical, market and organizational aspects of a proposed project is a key part of the process.
1) The banking industry in India has become highly competitive which has increased the need for banks to focus on customer retention through high quality services.
2) It is important for banks like ICICI Bank to understand customer satisfaction levels and the key drivers of satisfaction to improve services, gain a competitive advantage, and increase customer retention.
3) Analyzing ICICI Bank's financial performance and service quality allows them to identify areas for improvement and better meet customer needs and expectations.
The document is a project report on analyzing and comparing mutual funds in India. It includes an executive summary and sections on the company profile of HDFC Asset Management, the history and regulatory framework of the Indian mutual fund industry, concepts of mutual funds, types of mutual funds, advantages of mutual funds, methodology, findings and analysis, and conclusions. The mutual fund industry in India has grown significantly since the establishment of the first fund in 1963 and now has over Rs. 639,000 crore in assets under management.
This document is a summer internship report submitted by Santosh Behera to the Asian School of Business Management in 2009. The report provides a comparison of mutual funds with other investment products. It includes a corporate profile section that describes Reliance Money, the company where the internship was completed. The report reviews literature on mutual funds and other investments like ULIPs, stocks, bonds, and real estate. It also describes the research methodology used in the report, which includes collecting data through a questionnaire and analyzing it with statistical tools. The findings and conclusions from the research are summarized.
Credit risk management @ state bank of india project report mba financeBabasab Patil
This document provides an executive summary and background for a project on credit risk management at State Bank of India. It discusses the objectives to study the bank's credit rating procedures, risk management activities, and compliance with RBI guidelines. It also covers the methodology, findings and recommendations. Key findings include that SBI sanctions less credit to agriculture compared to competitors, has effective credit risk management processes, and could improve by reducing interest rates and lending more to indirect agriculture sectors.
CREDIT APPRAISAL PROCESS OF HDB FINANCIAL SERVICES pptsHarpreet Singh
This document appears to be a presentation summarizing an internship project studying credit appraisal policy at HDB Financial Services. The presentation covers the non-banking financial company industry and HDB Financial Services company profile. It then discusses the objectives of studying credit appraisal process, tools used, research design involving a survey, findings, recommendations, and conclusions. The objectives were to understand credit appraisal, the process, required tools, and loan terms and conditions. A survey of 50 loan applicants examined customer perceptions of HDB's services and funding. Findings included some loans being sanctioned due to strong financial statements despite higher risk. Recommendations included exceeding branch credit limits to reduce workload and strictly following policies. The conclusion was that
A project report on awareness of mutual funds 1Nirali Nayi
This document is a project report submitted by Swati M. Suthar and Nirali D. Nayi for their Advance Diploma in Banking and Insurance at S.K. College of Business Management, HNGU, Patan. The report is about creating awareness of mutual funds and was conducted under the guidance of their faculty member Mr. Nisarg Khamar. It includes a certificate from their guide, preface, acknowledgements, executive summary, and the beginning of the introduction chapter which provides an overview of what a mutual fund is.
The document provides an overview of the banking industry in India. It discusses that banks have become an attractive way for people to invest their savings and that HDFC was one of the first private sector banks established in India. It then analyzes the financial ratios of HDFC Bank compared to other private banks like ICICI, ING Vysya, Citibank, and Kotak Mahindra. The analysis found that HDFC Bank's current assets are lower than ICICI Bank but some of its ratios like return on total resources are satisfactory. It provides some suggestions like increasing current assets and capturing younger customers through mobile banking.
The document provides an overview of project financing and Union Bank of India. It discusses how project financing is used to fund large infrastructure projects and is emerging as a preferred alternative to conventional financing. It also provides details on Union Bank of India such as its establishment, services offered, branches, technology initiatives and rankings. The document outlines the steps involved in project financing at Union Bank including conducting feasibility studies, assessing financial health, determining credit ratings, fixing interest rates and sanctioning and disbursing loans. Conducting in-depth feasibility studies of the technical, market and organizational aspects of a proposed project is a key part of the process.
1) The banking industry in India has become highly competitive which has increased the need for banks to focus on customer retention through high quality services.
2) It is important for banks like ICICI Bank to understand customer satisfaction levels and the key drivers of satisfaction to improve services, gain a competitive advantage, and increase customer retention.
3) Analyzing ICICI Bank's financial performance and service quality allows them to identify areas for improvement and better meet customer needs and expectations.
This document is a project report submitted to Krishna University by Nitish Nair in partial fulfillment of an MBA degree. The report studies and analyzes the top 3 large cap equity mutual fund schemes across the Indian mutual fund industry. It provides background on mutual funds, their history and growth in India. The report will analyze specific mutual fund companies and their large cap equity schemes through data collection and interpretation to make findings and suggestions.
A project report on credit risk @ sbi project report mba finance By Babasab ...Babasab Patil
This document provides an overview of credit risk management at State Bank of India. It begins with an executive summary and background on credit risk. It then outlines the objectives, methodology, findings, recommendations, and conclusion of the project. The key points are that the project studied credit risk management procedures at SBI and found that its procedures are effective compared to other banks. It provided recommendations such as reducing interest rates and increasing lending to priority sectors like agriculture.
This document provides an analysis of mutual funds with a focus on SBI Mutual Fund. It begins with an introduction to mutual funds and the industry profile. It then discusses the company profile of SBI Mutual Fund, including its board of directors and product portfolio. The document also covers new fund offers from SBI and the author's work experience. It aims to compare various mutual funds through analysis of metrics like returns, risk profile, portfolio, and NAV details. Primary data was collected through interviews to understand investor preferences and behavior. The analysis seeks to identify the most popular fund houses and investment avenues.
This document summarizes a student internship project analyzing insurance cancellations at Bajaj Finserv lending counters in Mumbai. Key findings from surveys of 105 customers, 50 agents, and 50 dealers included that insurance was often mis-sold by pressuring customers to purchase without consent or providing full information. Many cancellations occurred due to financial problems or customers changing their minds due to peer influence. Recommendations included improving agent training, pitching insurance both over the counter and via calling, adding maturity payouts and family coverage to policies, and increasing dealer awareness of insurance benefits.
This document provides a training report submitted by a student to fulfill requirements for a post-graduate degree in commerce. It includes an introduction to mutual funds, a profile of the company where the training took place (State Bank of India), objectives and methodology of the research project on consumer preferences regarding investment in mutual funds, analysis and findings of the research, and suggestions. The student undertook the training and research project at State Bank of India to study consumer preferences around mutual fund investments.
This document discusses credit appraisal, which refers to assessing a borrower's creditworthiness or ability to repay debt. It explains that banks conduct thorough analyses using financial ratios, risk evaluations, and other concepts to judge if a borrower poses default risk. The key aspects banks examine include the loan reason, company finances/history, management, market conditions, and ability to meet obligations. Effective appraisals benefit both banks and firms. Banks ensure loan safety while firms can more easily obtain financing. The document also outlines various stages in the appraisal process like feasibility studies and investment phases to thoroughly evaluate creditworthiness over time like a project cycle.
This document is a project report submitted by Aditya Mahindrakar for his summer internship at UTI Mutual Fund in Hyderabad. The report details his study titled "A Study on Performance and Analysis of Mutual Funds in India". The 3-page report includes sections acknowledging the guidance received from his mentors at UTI Mutual Fund and ArthChakra Advisory Services, a table of contents outlining the topics covered in the report, and an executive summary defining mutual funds and how investors can make money from them.
A comparative study of retail banking strategies adopted by various private s...Projects Kart
A comparative study of retail banking strategies adopted by various private sector bank (compared with axis bank to other banks i.e. icici bank & hdfc bank)
Portfolio management and mutual fund analysis for idbi bank by mayur shuklaarun5530
The document is a project report submitted to the University of Pune in partial fulfillment of a 2-year full time MBA program. The project was carried out at IDBI Bank from June 1, 2006 to July 31, 2006. The objective of the project was to understand concepts of portfolio management and mutual funds, analyze various mutual fund schemes, and create an ideal portfolio. The report includes an acknowledgement, contents, executive summary, company profile of IDBI Bank, research objectives and methodology, data analysis of schemes, findings on ideal portfolio creation, and conclusions.
The Board of HDFC and HDFC Bank have approved the merger of HDFC into HDFC Bank. Post-merger, HDFC Bank will have a larger share of the home loan market in India at 33% compared to its current 11%. The merger will enable HDFC Bank to expand its home loan portfolio and customer base, achieving greater economies of scale. It will benefit from HDFC's expertise in real estate and a larger balance sheet. For customers, it means access to a wider range of financial products through HDFC Bank branches. The share exchange ratio for the merger was set at 42 HDFC Bank shares for every 25 HDFC shares.
A PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF MUTUAL FUND Nirav Thanki
This document provides an overview of the mutual fund industry globally and in India. It discusses that mutual funds first originated in the United States in 1929 and have since grown to $12 trillion in assets globally by 2007, making them the largest financial investment vehicles. In India, the mutual fund industry was established in 1963 with the formation of Unit Trust of India. The industry has grown significantly since privatizing in 1993, and now has over 45 fund houses and approximately $20 billion in assets. The document outlines the key benefits of mutual funds for investors and discusses the continued growth potential of the industry in India.
The document appears to be a report on the potential of the life insurance industry in Surat market. It includes an introduction, objectives, limitations, methodology and data collection sections. The objectives are to understand the life insurance industry, analyze Kotak Life Insurance's brand awareness and customer preferences, conduct a market survey to understand the potential in Surat, and make recommendations based on findings. Limitations discussed include lack of awareness, perceptions of insurance, competition in the industry, and more. The methodology section outlines a descriptive research approach using primary and secondary data collection methods.
The document is a summer internship project report submitted by Devashish Kashyap to Amity University on the topic of "Study of Union Bank of India, Its Mergers and Impact of Rising Non-Performing Assets (NPA)". It contains an introduction to banking industries and the global and Indian banking scenarios. It provides information on Union Bank of India, including its vision, mission and organizational structure. The primary objectives of the report are to study the amalgamation of Andhra Bank and Corporation Bank into Union Bank of India, related schemes and benefits. It also examines non-performing assets, their resolution and impact on banks. The report includes a literature review and research methodology sections.
A study on merger and acquisition on indian banking sectorvishwank123
The document discusses a study on mergers and acquisitions in the banking sector of India. It provides an overview of the banking industry and history of banking in India. It then outlines the objectives, scope, and limitations of the study, which focuses on analyzing the merger between Oriental Bank of Commerce and Global Trust Bank in 2004. The study examines the reasons for and impacts of mergers and acquisitions on employment, working conditions, and consumers in the Indian banking sector.
Credit appraisal in sbi bank project6 report Babasab Patil
The document discusses the banking sector in India. It notes that the Reserve Bank of India closely monitors the financial sector, which is dominated by scheduled commercial banks including public, private, foreign, and regional rural banks. It then focuses on providing details about the State Bank of India, noting that it is the largest bank in India with over 8,500 branches and that it is undergoing changes to modernize and expand its services to compete better. The document also provides a brief overview of the classification and reforms of the banking system in India.
Risk management in banking sector project report mba financeBabasab Patil
This document discusses risk management in the banking sector. It introduces the concepts of risk management and provides definitions of key risk types including credit risk, market risk, operational risk, and regulatory risk. It also summarizes Basel II, the international banking accord that introduced a risk-based capital adequacy framework. The framework has three pillars: minimum capital requirements, supervisory review, and market discipline. Effective risk management and maintaining adequate capital are important for banking stability and soundness.
Rahul Gupta MBA Finance IVth SEMESTER ProjectRahul Gupta
This document provides an overview of a project report on mutual funds as a proven global investment avenue. It acknowledges the guidance provided by the project supervisor. The objectives are to provide an understanding of mutual fund benefits, types of schemes, market trends, specific fund schemes, distribution channels, and marketing strategies. It also aims to explore recent industry developments and regulations. Limitations include a lack of information sources and limited time/funds. The executive summary outlines what a mutual fund is, key advantages and disadvantages, costs and fees, how to purchase funds, factors to consider, different types of funds, and industry trends of consolidation among large players.
This document provides an overview of the Jammu & Kashmir Bank in 3 paragraphs. It discusses how the bank was established in 1938 to address a lack of banking in the state of Jammu & Kashmir. The bank aimed to help people in the state overcome economic backwardness by providing banking services. It opened its first branches in Srinagar and Jammu. Over time, the bank grew its operations both within and outside of Jammu & Kashmir. The document also notes that the state government owns half of the bank's capital and appointed it as the banker for state government business.
A project report on awareness regarding mutual fund with special reference to...Projects Kart
The document is a summer project report submitted as part of an MBA program. It provides an overview of a summer internship project conducted at India Infoline Ltd, a leading mutual fund company in India. The report includes sections on the history and organizational structure of India Infoline, an overview of mutual funds and the Indian mutual fund industry, research methodology used in the project, findings from data analysis, and conclusions and recommendations. The executive summary highlights that India Infoline is a financial services group offering a wide range of products including mutual funds, insurance, trading, and investment banking through various subsidiaries.
Customer satisfaction towards the product and services of AXIS BankVijendra Kumar (VJ)
This document is a project report submitted by Vijendra Kumar to Sathyabama University analyzing customer satisfaction towards the products and services of Axis Bank. The report includes an introduction, chapters on the banking industry profile and Axis Bank company profile, and was conducted under the guidance of Krishna Priya from March-April 2011. The objective was to study customer satisfaction, products and services delivered, compare to competitors, and how Axis Bank maintains effective service.
Corporate finance manager must take economic and financial decision aimed at maximizing the value creation of the company and also shareholders wealth. Merger and acquisition have been identified as means of survival strategy and sustainable business growth in a distress economy rather than outright liquidation. The study employed an ex-post facto research design with a focus population of twenty four deposit money banks classified into two groups of ten trouble and fourteen sound banks. Six banks that have gone through the second round of consolidation were selected using purposive sampling technique for period of seven years (2008-2014). CAMEL indicators were used to proxy merger and acquisition input while business growth was proxied using performance measurement of ROA. The study employed both descriptive and inferential statistic using multiple regression analysis and analysis of variance to determine whether there is significant relationship between the pre and post-merger CAMEL indicator and performance measures. The study observed a mixed relationship of merger and acquisition proxy by CAMEL on business growth proxy by ROA across the sampled banks. The study concluded that merger and acquisition as survival strategy and sustainable business growth has failed to produce the desired synergistic effects among the sample banks. This negates the theoretical and financial believe that merger and acquisition automatically leads to synergistic gain and value creation for shareholders. The study recommended that the specific input into merger and acquisition in bank the CAMEL indicators should be managed better to have a positive relationship with business growth. Also the bank’s management should be proactive in product diversification, risk management and enhancement of good corporate governance practices.
The document discusses various merger theories that aim to explain the outcomes and motivations behind mergers. It outlines efficiency-based theories where mergers create value through synergies, as well as agency-based theories where mergers occur due to issues like managerial discretion. Some key theories discussed include:
1) Synergy theories where mergers integrate operations and management to reduce costs or improve market power.
2) Agency cost theories where mergers are driven by managerial interests like entrenchment rather than shareholder value.
3) Other theories for mergers include hubris, where acquirers overpay due to overconfidence, and diversification to acquire new capabilities.
This document is a project report submitted to Krishna University by Nitish Nair in partial fulfillment of an MBA degree. The report studies and analyzes the top 3 large cap equity mutual fund schemes across the Indian mutual fund industry. It provides background on mutual funds, their history and growth in India. The report will analyze specific mutual fund companies and their large cap equity schemes through data collection and interpretation to make findings and suggestions.
A project report on credit risk @ sbi project report mba finance By Babasab ...Babasab Patil
This document provides an overview of credit risk management at State Bank of India. It begins with an executive summary and background on credit risk. It then outlines the objectives, methodology, findings, recommendations, and conclusion of the project. The key points are that the project studied credit risk management procedures at SBI and found that its procedures are effective compared to other banks. It provided recommendations such as reducing interest rates and increasing lending to priority sectors like agriculture.
This document provides an analysis of mutual funds with a focus on SBI Mutual Fund. It begins with an introduction to mutual funds and the industry profile. It then discusses the company profile of SBI Mutual Fund, including its board of directors and product portfolio. The document also covers new fund offers from SBI and the author's work experience. It aims to compare various mutual funds through analysis of metrics like returns, risk profile, portfolio, and NAV details. Primary data was collected through interviews to understand investor preferences and behavior. The analysis seeks to identify the most popular fund houses and investment avenues.
This document summarizes a student internship project analyzing insurance cancellations at Bajaj Finserv lending counters in Mumbai. Key findings from surveys of 105 customers, 50 agents, and 50 dealers included that insurance was often mis-sold by pressuring customers to purchase without consent or providing full information. Many cancellations occurred due to financial problems or customers changing their minds due to peer influence. Recommendations included improving agent training, pitching insurance both over the counter and via calling, adding maturity payouts and family coverage to policies, and increasing dealer awareness of insurance benefits.
This document provides a training report submitted by a student to fulfill requirements for a post-graduate degree in commerce. It includes an introduction to mutual funds, a profile of the company where the training took place (State Bank of India), objectives and methodology of the research project on consumer preferences regarding investment in mutual funds, analysis and findings of the research, and suggestions. The student undertook the training and research project at State Bank of India to study consumer preferences around mutual fund investments.
This document discusses credit appraisal, which refers to assessing a borrower's creditworthiness or ability to repay debt. It explains that banks conduct thorough analyses using financial ratios, risk evaluations, and other concepts to judge if a borrower poses default risk. The key aspects banks examine include the loan reason, company finances/history, management, market conditions, and ability to meet obligations. Effective appraisals benefit both banks and firms. Banks ensure loan safety while firms can more easily obtain financing. The document also outlines various stages in the appraisal process like feasibility studies and investment phases to thoroughly evaluate creditworthiness over time like a project cycle.
This document is a project report submitted by Aditya Mahindrakar for his summer internship at UTI Mutual Fund in Hyderabad. The report details his study titled "A Study on Performance and Analysis of Mutual Funds in India". The 3-page report includes sections acknowledging the guidance received from his mentors at UTI Mutual Fund and ArthChakra Advisory Services, a table of contents outlining the topics covered in the report, and an executive summary defining mutual funds and how investors can make money from them.
A comparative study of retail banking strategies adopted by various private s...Projects Kart
A comparative study of retail banking strategies adopted by various private sector bank (compared with axis bank to other banks i.e. icici bank & hdfc bank)
Portfolio management and mutual fund analysis for idbi bank by mayur shuklaarun5530
The document is a project report submitted to the University of Pune in partial fulfillment of a 2-year full time MBA program. The project was carried out at IDBI Bank from June 1, 2006 to July 31, 2006. The objective of the project was to understand concepts of portfolio management and mutual funds, analyze various mutual fund schemes, and create an ideal portfolio. The report includes an acknowledgement, contents, executive summary, company profile of IDBI Bank, research objectives and methodology, data analysis of schemes, findings on ideal portfolio creation, and conclusions.
The Board of HDFC and HDFC Bank have approved the merger of HDFC into HDFC Bank. Post-merger, HDFC Bank will have a larger share of the home loan market in India at 33% compared to its current 11%. The merger will enable HDFC Bank to expand its home loan portfolio and customer base, achieving greater economies of scale. It will benefit from HDFC's expertise in real estate and a larger balance sheet. For customers, it means access to a wider range of financial products through HDFC Bank branches. The share exchange ratio for the merger was set at 42 HDFC Bank shares for every 25 HDFC shares.
A PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF MUTUAL FUND Nirav Thanki
This document provides an overview of the mutual fund industry globally and in India. It discusses that mutual funds first originated in the United States in 1929 and have since grown to $12 trillion in assets globally by 2007, making them the largest financial investment vehicles. In India, the mutual fund industry was established in 1963 with the formation of Unit Trust of India. The industry has grown significantly since privatizing in 1993, and now has over 45 fund houses and approximately $20 billion in assets. The document outlines the key benefits of mutual funds for investors and discusses the continued growth potential of the industry in India.
The document appears to be a report on the potential of the life insurance industry in Surat market. It includes an introduction, objectives, limitations, methodology and data collection sections. The objectives are to understand the life insurance industry, analyze Kotak Life Insurance's brand awareness and customer preferences, conduct a market survey to understand the potential in Surat, and make recommendations based on findings. Limitations discussed include lack of awareness, perceptions of insurance, competition in the industry, and more. The methodology section outlines a descriptive research approach using primary and secondary data collection methods.
The document is a summer internship project report submitted by Devashish Kashyap to Amity University on the topic of "Study of Union Bank of India, Its Mergers and Impact of Rising Non-Performing Assets (NPA)". It contains an introduction to banking industries and the global and Indian banking scenarios. It provides information on Union Bank of India, including its vision, mission and organizational structure. The primary objectives of the report are to study the amalgamation of Andhra Bank and Corporation Bank into Union Bank of India, related schemes and benefits. It also examines non-performing assets, their resolution and impact on banks. The report includes a literature review and research methodology sections.
A study on merger and acquisition on indian banking sectorvishwank123
The document discusses a study on mergers and acquisitions in the banking sector of India. It provides an overview of the banking industry and history of banking in India. It then outlines the objectives, scope, and limitations of the study, which focuses on analyzing the merger between Oriental Bank of Commerce and Global Trust Bank in 2004. The study examines the reasons for and impacts of mergers and acquisitions on employment, working conditions, and consumers in the Indian banking sector.
Credit appraisal in sbi bank project6 report Babasab Patil
The document discusses the banking sector in India. It notes that the Reserve Bank of India closely monitors the financial sector, which is dominated by scheduled commercial banks including public, private, foreign, and regional rural banks. It then focuses on providing details about the State Bank of India, noting that it is the largest bank in India with over 8,500 branches and that it is undergoing changes to modernize and expand its services to compete better. The document also provides a brief overview of the classification and reforms of the banking system in India.
Risk management in banking sector project report mba financeBabasab Patil
This document discusses risk management in the banking sector. It introduces the concepts of risk management and provides definitions of key risk types including credit risk, market risk, operational risk, and regulatory risk. It also summarizes Basel II, the international banking accord that introduced a risk-based capital adequacy framework. The framework has three pillars: minimum capital requirements, supervisory review, and market discipline. Effective risk management and maintaining adequate capital are important for banking stability and soundness.
Rahul Gupta MBA Finance IVth SEMESTER ProjectRahul Gupta
This document provides an overview of a project report on mutual funds as a proven global investment avenue. It acknowledges the guidance provided by the project supervisor. The objectives are to provide an understanding of mutual fund benefits, types of schemes, market trends, specific fund schemes, distribution channels, and marketing strategies. It also aims to explore recent industry developments and regulations. Limitations include a lack of information sources and limited time/funds. The executive summary outlines what a mutual fund is, key advantages and disadvantages, costs and fees, how to purchase funds, factors to consider, different types of funds, and industry trends of consolidation among large players.
This document provides an overview of the Jammu & Kashmir Bank in 3 paragraphs. It discusses how the bank was established in 1938 to address a lack of banking in the state of Jammu & Kashmir. The bank aimed to help people in the state overcome economic backwardness by providing banking services. It opened its first branches in Srinagar and Jammu. Over time, the bank grew its operations both within and outside of Jammu & Kashmir. The document also notes that the state government owns half of the bank's capital and appointed it as the banker for state government business.
A project report on awareness regarding mutual fund with special reference to...Projects Kart
The document is a summer project report submitted as part of an MBA program. It provides an overview of a summer internship project conducted at India Infoline Ltd, a leading mutual fund company in India. The report includes sections on the history and organizational structure of India Infoline, an overview of mutual funds and the Indian mutual fund industry, research methodology used in the project, findings from data analysis, and conclusions and recommendations. The executive summary highlights that India Infoline is a financial services group offering a wide range of products including mutual funds, insurance, trading, and investment banking through various subsidiaries.
Customer satisfaction towards the product and services of AXIS BankVijendra Kumar (VJ)
This document is a project report submitted by Vijendra Kumar to Sathyabama University analyzing customer satisfaction towards the products and services of Axis Bank. The report includes an introduction, chapters on the banking industry profile and Axis Bank company profile, and was conducted under the guidance of Krishna Priya from March-April 2011. The objective was to study customer satisfaction, products and services delivered, compare to competitors, and how Axis Bank maintains effective service.
Corporate finance manager must take economic and financial decision aimed at maximizing the value creation of the company and also shareholders wealth. Merger and acquisition have been identified as means of survival strategy and sustainable business growth in a distress economy rather than outright liquidation. The study employed an ex-post facto research design with a focus population of twenty four deposit money banks classified into two groups of ten trouble and fourteen sound banks. Six banks that have gone through the second round of consolidation were selected using purposive sampling technique for period of seven years (2008-2014). CAMEL indicators were used to proxy merger and acquisition input while business growth was proxied using performance measurement of ROA. The study employed both descriptive and inferential statistic using multiple regression analysis and analysis of variance to determine whether there is significant relationship between the pre and post-merger CAMEL indicator and performance measures. The study observed a mixed relationship of merger and acquisition proxy by CAMEL on business growth proxy by ROA across the sampled banks. The study concluded that merger and acquisition as survival strategy and sustainable business growth has failed to produce the desired synergistic effects among the sample banks. This negates the theoretical and financial believe that merger and acquisition automatically leads to synergistic gain and value creation for shareholders. The study recommended that the specific input into merger and acquisition in bank the CAMEL indicators should be managed better to have a positive relationship with business growth. Also the bank’s management should be proactive in product diversification, risk management and enhancement of good corporate governance practices.
The document discusses various merger theories that aim to explain the outcomes and motivations behind mergers. It outlines efficiency-based theories where mergers create value through synergies, as well as agency-based theories where mergers occur due to issues like managerial discretion. Some key theories discussed include:
1) Synergy theories where mergers integrate operations and management to reduce costs or improve market power.
2) Agency cost theories where mergers are driven by managerial interests like entrenchment rather than shareholder value.
3) Other theories for mergers include hubris, where acquirers overpay due to overconfidence, and diversification to acquire new capabilities.
Capstone Project on Merger & Acquisition on Banking Sectorsavio basimalla
This document appears to be a student capstone project on mergers and acquisitions in the banking sector. It includes sections on defining mergers and types of mergers, benefits of mergers, laws affecting takeovers and mergers, and the research methodology. The student declares this is their original work submitted for a postgraduate diploma. They acknowledge help from their professor and friends.
This document discusses mergers and acquisitions in the Indian banking sector. It begins by introducing mergers and acquisitions, defining mergers as a combination of two companies into one surviving company that acquires all assets and liabilities, while acquisitions involve one company purchasing a controlling stake in another. It then provides an overview of the Indian banking industry and its structure. The remainder of the document discusses the types, purposes, impacts, advantages and differences between mergers and acquisitions in depth.
Complementarity of Equity and Debt Capital on Profitability of Quoted Consume...ijtsrd
This study ascertained the complementarity of equity and debt capital of quoted consumer goods companies in Nigeria from 2011 2021. Specifically, the study determined the effect of shareholders’ equity and total liabilities on return on assets, return on equity and earnings per share. Purposive sampling technique was employed to select fourteen 14 consumer goods companies from a population of twenty three 23 quoted consumer goods firms in Nigeria. Panel data were used in this study, which were obtained from the annual reports and accounts of sample firms for the periods 2011 2021. Ex Post Facto research design was employed. Descriptive statistics of the dataset from the sample firms were described using the mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values of the data for the study variables. Inferential statistics using Multicollinearity test, Pearson correlation coefficient and Panel least square regression analysis were applied to test the hypotheses of the study. The results showed that shareholders’ equity has a positive and significant effect on ROA, ROE and EPS respectively at 5 level of significance, while total liabilities has a negative and significant effect on ROA, ROE and EPS, however, significant at 5 level of significance. This study recommended amongst others that an appropriate mix of equity and debt capital should be adopted in order to increase the profitability of consumer goods firms. Chibuike Charles Okudo | Amahalu, Nestor Ndubuisi | Samuel Oshiole "Complementarity of Equity and Debt Capital on Profitability of Quoted Consumer Goods Firms in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd55070.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/management/accounting-and-finance/55070/complementarity-of-equity-and-debt-capital-on-profitability-of-quoted-consumer-goods-firms-in-nigeria/chibuike-charles-okudo
Mergers and Acquisitions - Project report Girish KhairnarGirish Khairnar
This document discusses mergers and acquisitions (M&A), providing definitions and explaining the differences between mergers and acquisitions. It outlines the objectives, types, structures, processes, accounting, valuation methods, deal structures, impacts, value creation strategies, pitfalls, disadvantages of M&A. Examples of major M&A deals in the corporate and banking sectors in India are also provided, along with the author's personal experience working on an M&A deal between Varian Medical Systems entities.
Equity Research 16 December 2002AmericasUnited Stat.docxYASHU40
Equity Research
16 December 2002
Americas/United States
Strategy
Investment Strategy
Assessing the Magnitude and
Sustainability of Value Creation
Illustration by Sente Corporation.
• Sustainable value creation is of prime interest to investors who seek to
anticipate expectations revisions.
• This report develops a systematic way to explain the factors behind a
company’s economic moat.
• We cover industry analysis, firm-specific analysis, and firm interaction.
Investors should assume that CSFB is seeking or will seek investment banking or other business from the covered
companies.
For important disclosure information regarding the Firm's ratings system, valuation methods and potential conflicts of interest,
please visit the website at www.csfb.com/researchdisclosures or call +1 (877) 291-2683.
research team
Michael J. Mauboussin
212 325 3108
[email protected]
Kristen Bartholdson
212 325 2788
[email protected]
Measuring the Moat 16 December 2002
2
Executive Summary
• Sustainable value creation has two dimensions—how much economic profit a
company earns and how long it can earn excess returns. Both are of prime interest to
investors and corporate executives.
• Sustainable value creation is rare. Competitive forces—including innovation—drive
returns toward the cost of capital. Investors should be careful about how much they
pay for future value creation.
• Warren Buffett consistently emphasizes that he wants to buy businesses with
prospects for sustainable value creation. He suggests that buying a business is like
buying a castle surrounded by a moat—a moat that he wants to be deep and wide to
fend off all competition. According to Buffett, economic moats are almost never stable;
competitive forces assure that they’re either getting a little bit wider or a little bit
narrower every day. This report seeks to develop a systematic way to explain the
factors that determine a company’s moat.
• Companies and investors use competitive strategy analysis for two very different
purposes. Companies try to generate returns above the cost of capital, while investors
try to anticipate revisions in expectations for financial performance that enable them to
earn returns above their opportunity cost of capital. If a company’s share price already
captures its prospects for sustainable value creation, investors should expect to earn
a risk-adjusted market return.
• Studies suggest that industry factors dictate about 10-20% of the variation of a firm’s
economic profitability, and that firm-specific effects represent another 20-40%. So a
firm’s strategic positioning has a significant influence on the long-term level of its
economic profits.
• Industry analysis is the appropriate place to start an investigation into sustainable
value creation. We recommend getting a lay of the land—understanding the players, a
review of profit pools, and industry stability—followed ...
Quantitative Analysis on Financial Performance of Merger and Acquisition of I...IJAEMSJORNAL
This document summarizes a research article that analyzes the financial performance of mergers and acquisitions of Indian companies. It provides background on mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and financial performance metrics. It then reviews previous literature on the financial effects of M&As. The research methodology examines financial ratios of 10 major Indian M&As from 2006-2011, comparing pre- and post-M&A periods using t-tests. The data analysis section calculates various financial ratios including return on investment, return on long-term funds, and return on assets. It finds some improvement in ratios for a few firms but overall no significant changes in financial performance after the M&As.
Strategic management managing mergers and acquisitionsIJBBR
This document discusses mergers and acquisitions from a strategic management perspective. It defines mergers and acquisitions, explaining that mergers occur when two equal companies join together under a new name, while acquisitions refer to one company purchasing another. Companies undertake mergers and acquisitions for strategic reasons like entering new markets, increasing revenues and market share, and achieving synergies. Proper screening of potential targets through due diligence is important to ensure mergers and acquisitions are successful and achieve their strategic objectives.
Strategic management managing mergers and acquisitionsIJBBR
In this paper we have discussed what mergers and acquisitions are and how they are a part of any
organizations strategic planning policy. Organizations ‘merge’ generally with similar organizations or
‘acquire’ weaker organizations, and the essence as to why they do so is that the value of two is greater than
one. They basically merge with or acquire each other’s strengths and try to overcome one another’s
weaknesses thus leading to increased market shares and profitability. We have discussed the various
rationales for mergers and acquisitions like the strategic rationale, speculative rationale, management
failure rationale etc, along with their types that include vertical integration, horizontal integration and
conglomeration. We have also put light on how companies go strategically about mergers and acquisitions.
The merger and acquisition life cycle aided by real examples (case studies) will offer a vivid understanding
of these concepts to the reader.
This document discusses leverage and its impact on firms. It defines different types of leverage including operating, financial, and combined leverage. It then provides an analysis of leverage at Whirlpool India Ltd. Specifically, it finds that Whirlpool has almost no debt and a debt-to-equity ratio of just 0.08. While this means no tax shield from debt, it is a profitable strategy given Whirlpool's large retained earnings and promoter funds. The conclusion recommends Whirlpool could improve its debt-equity ratio to have a better return on equity and refine its capital structure.
Financial Leverage and Shareholders Wealth Creation of Quoted Industrial Good...ijtsrd
This study ascertain the relationship between financial leverage and shareholders wealth creation of quoted industrial goods firms in Nigeria for a period of thirteen years spanning from 2008 2020. Specifically, this study ascertained the relationship between debt to equity ratio and cash value added. Ex Post Facto research design was employed. The Panel data sets used in this study were obtained from the annual reports and accounts of thirteen 13 quoted industrial goods firms. Descriptive statistics of the dataset from the sampled industrial goods firms was employed to describe using the mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values of the data for the study variables. Panel Least Square PLS regression analysis and Hausman test were applied to test the hypothesis of the study. The specific findings showed that there is a significant and positive relationship between Debt to Equity Ratio and Cash Value p value = 0.0003 0.05 . The study recommended inter alia that bankers and debt providers should help industrial goods firms by charging lower cost of debt. The lower cost of debt financing helps to bring down the required rate of return on the capital project being financed, thus, improving its profit margins. Omabu, Stanley Ebuka | Okoye, Pius V. C. | Amahalu, Nestor N. "Financial Leverage and Shareholders Wealth Creation of Quoted Industrial Goods Firms in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47481.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/47481/financial-leverage-and-shareholders-wealth-creation-of-quoted-industrial-goods-firms-in-nigeria/omabu-stanley-ebuka
Competitive Advantage And Core Competenciespriyanka
The document discusses competitive advantage, core competencies, and various corporate strategies. It provides definitions and concepts related to competitive advantage, core competencies, and strategies such as amalgamation, merger, demerger, slump sale, takeover, disinvestment, joint venture, and franchising. Core competencies are unique skills or expertise that provide competitive advantages and allow companies to access new markets. Effective strategies allow companies to optimize their business portfolio.
MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS PROSPECTS: INDIAN BANKS STUDYpaperpublications3
This document discusses mergers and acquisitions in the Indian banking sector from 2000-2013. It analyzes the performance of three major banks that underwent mergers - ICICI Bank, State Bank of India, and HDFC Bank. The key findings were that M&As provided some benefits like economies of scale, increased market share and branch networks, and skill/talent transfer between organizations. However, the government should not promote mergers between strong and distressed banks as it can negatively impact the stronger bank's asset quality. The document also provides details on the history and reasons for M&As in Indian banking, as well as specific examples like ICICI Bank's acquisition of Bank of Madura in 2001.
The document discusses corporate restructuring, which involves modifying a company's capital structure or operations when experiencing significant problems or financial jeopardy. It defines corporate restructuring and introduces the topic. It then discusses types of restructuring like financial and organizational restructuring. It outlines reasons for restructuring like change in strategy, lack of profits, or reverse synergy. It also covers characteristics, aspects to consider, and types of restructuring transactions like mergers, divestments, takeovers and more. Finally it discusses benefits of restructuring like increased market share, reduced competition, economies of scale and tax benefits.
Mergers allow banks to achieve economies of scale, reduce competition, and increase pricing power. The advantages of bank mergers include cost savings, risk diversification, and tax benefits. However, mergers can also result in diseconomies of scale, cultural clashes, and job losses. Regulators examine proposed bank merger schemes to protect depositors and ensure the merged bank is financially sound.
This document provides recommendations for developing a sustainable financial system in India. Key recommendations include:
I. Enhancing the financial system's capacity to respond to climate change and sustainable development by driving innovation in banking, insurance, investments and securities.
II. Developing a sustainability-oriented market framework that incentivizes sustainable infrastructure financing, builds skills in the financial sector, incentivizes public sector sustainable investments, boosts efficiency in SMEs, and redirects cross-border financial flows.
III. Implementing regulations and incentives like tax credits to increase equity investment in clean energy, strengthening green financing institutions, expanding priority sector lending to renewable energy, and reforming the National Clean Energy Fund.
IV.
The document discusses the integration of a merger for shareholders. It defines a merger as the combination of two or more companies where one survives and the other is dissolved. Mergers allow for synergy that can increase shareholder value through operating efficiencies and economies of scale. The document outlines the merger process and provides examples of mergers in different industries. It discusses the strategic and business reasons for mergers, including positioning for future opportunities, filling strategic gaps, bargaining purchases, and diversification.
This document discusses corporate restructuring and quality improvement using Six Sigma. It provides an overview of corporate restructuring, including the process, types, needs, objectives and tools. Quality improvement using Six Sigma is then explained, along with its methodology. Finally, the use of Six Sigma at Wipro Technologies is examined, outlining how Wipro implemented Six Sigma and the benefits it reaped.
A Study on Working Capital Management at Penna Cements Pvt Ltd., Boyareddipal...ijtsrd
Working capital management is the amount of fund which is required to carry out the day to day transactions of an enterprise weather big or small. It may also regard as that position of an enterprise total capital which is employed in its short term operations those operations consist of primarily such items as raw materials, semi finished goods, finished goods, sundry debtors, short term investments etc. thus working capital also refers to all short term assets know as current assets used in day to day operations of an organization. Working capital is regarded as the “lifeblood of business”. Every business needs two types of funds long term funds which are required to create production facilities though purchase of fixed assets, like plant machinery, land, building etc. and short term funds for the purchase of raw materials, payment of wages and other day to day expense etc. These funds are also known as working capital or circulating capital or short term capital. Working capital needs are generally financed through outside sources. The main objective of the study is to analyse the various components of working capital of the PENNA CEMENT INDUSTRIES LTD, BOYAREDDIPALLI, ANANTHAPURAM DIST. and to assess the impact of working capital on profitability. The main objectives of the study are to analyse and evaluate the liquidity position of the company and to analyse the components of working capital of the company. S. S. Jyothi | Dr. P. Basaiah "A Study on Working Capital Management at Penna Cements Pvt Ltd., Boyareddipalli, Anantapur Dist" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-6 , October 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd51903.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/other/51903/a-study-on-working-capital-management-at-penna-cements-pvt-ltd-boyareddipalli-anantapur-dist/s-s-jyothi
Similar to A Study on Mergers and Acquisitions of Indian Banking Sector (20)
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Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
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This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
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ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
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تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
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3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
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5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
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How to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17Celine George
Custom modules offer the flexibility to extend Odoo's capabilities, address unique requirements, and optimize workflows to align seamlessly with your organization's processes. By leveraging custom modules, businesses can unlock greater efficiency, productivity, and innovation, empowering them to stay competitive in today's dynamic market landscape. In this tutorial, we'll guide you step by step on how to easily download and install modules from the Odoo App Store.
Post init hook in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, hooks are functions that are presented as a string in the __init__ file of a module. They are the functions that can execute before and after the existing code.
Brand Guideline of Bashundhara A4 Paper - 2024khabri85
It outlines the basic identity elements such as symbol, logotype, colors, and typefaces. It provides examples of applying the identity to materials like letterhead, business cards, reports, folders, and websites.
Andreas Schleicher presents PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Thinking - 18 Jun...EduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher, Director of Education and Skills at the OECD presents at the launch of PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Minds, Creative Schools on 18 June 2024.
A Free 200-Page eBook ~ Brain and Mind Exercise.pptxOH TEIK BIN
(A Free eBook comprising 3 Sets of Presentation of a selection of Puzzles, Brain Teasers and Thinking Problems to exercise both the mind and the Right and Left Brain. To help keep the mind and brain fit and healthy. Good for both the young and old alike.
Answers are given for all the puzzles and problems.)
With Metta,
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8+8+8 Rule Of Time Management For Better ProductivityRuchiRathor2
This is a great way to be more productive but a few things to
Keep in mind:
- The 8+8+8 rule offers a general guideline. You may need to adjust the schedule depending on your individual needs and commitments.
- Some days may require more work or less sleep, demanding flexibility in your approach.
- The key is to be mindful of your time allocation and strive for a healthy balance across the three categories.
How to Create a Stage or a Pipeline in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Using CRM module, we can manage and keep track of all new leads and opportunities in one location. It helps to manage your sales pipeline with customizable stages. In this slide let’s discuss how to create a stage or pipeline inside the CRM module in odoo 17.
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3. Reverse takeovers
A reverse takeover is a type of takeover where a
private company acquires a public company. This is
usually done at the instigation of the larger, private
company, the purpose being for the private company
to effectively float itself while avoiding some of the
expense and time involved in a conventional IPO.
However, under AIM rules, a reverse take-over is an
acquisition or acquisitions in a twelve-month period
which for an AIM company would:
NEED OF THE STUDY
It has been found that merger has impotance in
increasing the performance of the organisation. ING
Vysya Bank and Kotak Mahindra Bank has
consolidates the kotak Mahindra banks position as the
fourth largest bank private sector bank in India.
Objectives of the study
1. To study the pre and post merger performance of
net NPAs to net advances in ING Vysya and
Kotak Mahindra bank.
2. To analysis the pre and post merger performance
of gross NPAs to gross advances in ING Vysya
and Kotak Mahindra bank.
3. To assess the pre and post merger performance of
total investment to total assets in ING Vysya and
Kotak Mahindra bank.
Scope of the study
The study is based of the data collected of two
banks i.e., ING Vysya Bank and Kotak Mahindra
Bank.
The study is limited to financial performance of
banks on the basis of pre and post merge of the
banks.
Limitations of the study:
The study ignores the impact of possible
differences in accounting methods adopted by
different banks.
The study is limited up to two banks i.e., ING
Vysya Bank & Kotak Mahindra Bank.
Sources of Data
The present study is purely based on data gathered
from secondary sources. In this study we select ING
Vysya Bank is merged with Kotak Mahindra Bank in
the year 2014.The sources of secondary data were
collected from Annual reports of ING Vysya Bank
and Kotak Mahindra Bank.
Tools and Techniques:
The tools are used in this study to analyse the
financial performance of the banks
Mean
Standard Deviation
One sample T- test
Hypothesis
H0: There is no significant difference between pre-
and post-merger performance of Gross NPAs to
advances in Kotak Mahindra Bank.
H1: There is significant difference between pre- and
post-merger performance of Gross NPAs to advances
in Kotak Mahindra Bank.
H0: There is no significant relationship between pre-
and post-merger performance of Total Investment to
Total Assets in Kotak Mahindra Bank.
H1: There is significant relationship between pre- and
post-merger performance of Total Investments to
Total Assets in Kotak Mahindra Bank.
H0: There is no significant relationship between pre-
and post-merger performance of Net NPAs to
Advances in Kotak Mahindra Bank.
H1: There is significant relationship between pre- and
post-merger performance of Net NPAs to Advances
in Kotak Mahindra Bank.
1. Pre-merger Performance of Gross NPA to Advances of ING Vysya & Kotak banks
Table No. 1 Gross NPA to advances
Years
ING Vysya Bank Pre-
Merger Performance
Mean
Standard
Deviation
One Sample T-Test
2010-2011 1.13
1.15 0.85
T=3.14
P=0.001(H0)
Accepted
2011-2012 1.05
2012-2013 1.27
2013-2014 3.45
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0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Category1 Category2 Category3 Category4
Pre-performance of Ing vysya bank
Series 1 Series 2 Series 3
Interpretation:
One sample T-test indicates that to test the significant difference between the mean differences among pre-
merger performance of return on assets in ING Vysya bank. The mean and standard deviation were found in
return on assets category around and 0.85 respectively. The calculated P value (Sig 2-tailed) is 0.001, which is
less than the Alpha Value of 0.05, which indicated that the stated null hypothesis to be accepted.
Table No. 2 Gross NPA to advances
years
Pre-Performance of Kotak Mahindra bank
Mean SD One-tail test
Gross NPAs Advances
2010 91 55
89 121.23
P=0.69
T=2.776
(H0) Accepted
2011 71 73
2012 70 92
2013 84 115
2014 117 122
Interpretation:
Then the pre-performance of the Kotak bank according to the one sample T-test indicates that to test the
significant difference between the mean differences among pre-merger performance of return on assets in Kotak
Mahindra bank. The mean & standard deviation were found in return on assets category around and 89 and
121.23 respectively. The calculated P value (sig 2-tailed) is 0.69 which is less than the Alpha Value 2.776,
Which indicated that the stated null hypothesis to be accepted.
Post-Merger performance of Kotak Mahindra Bank:
Table No. 3 Gross NPA to advances
Years
Post-Merger Performance of Kotak Mahindra Bank
Mean SD One sample T-test
Gross NPAs Advances
2015 139 88
258 156.88
P=0.001
T=0.741
(H0) Accepted
2016 301 144
2017 357 136
2018 382 169
2019 446 205
2020 502 219
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Interpretation:
Then the Post-Performance of Kotak T-test the significant difference between the mean differences among post
merger performance of return on assets of Kotak Mahindra bank. The mean and standard deviation were found
in return on assets around 258 and 156.88 respectively. The calculated P value (Sig 2-tailed) is 0.001, which is
more than the Alpha Value of 0.05, which indicated that the stated null hypothesis to be accepted.
2. Pre-merger Performance of Total Investments to Total Assets:
Table No. 4 Total Investments to total assets
Acquire Banks
ING Vysya Bank Pre-
Merger Performance
Mean
Standard
Deviation
One Sample T-Test
2010-2011 0.24
0.25 0.173
T=1.37
P=0.002
(H0) Accepted
2011-2012 0.25
2012-2013 0.27
2013-2014 0.76
Interpretation:
One sample T-test indicates that to test the significant difference between the mean differences among pre-
merger performance of return on assets in ING Vysya and Kotak Mahindra bank. The mean and standard
deviation were found in return on assets category around 0.25 and 0.173 respectively. The calculated P value
(Sig 2-tailed) is 0.002, which is less than the Alpha Value of 0.05, which indicated that the stated null hypothesis
to be Accepted.
Table No. 5 Total Investments to total assets
Year
Pre-performance of kotak Mahindra bank
Mean SD One Sample T-Test
Investment Total Assets
2010 13 55
56.9 71.43
P=0.001
T=0.741
(H0: Accepted)
2011 18 73
2012 23 92
2013 31 115
2014 27 122
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Interpretation:
Then pre performance of Kotak Mahindra Bank to test the significant difference between the mean differences
among pre-merger performance of return on assets in Kotak Mahindra bank. The mean and standard deviation
were found in return on assets around 56.9 and 71.43 respectively. The calculated P value (Sig 2-tailed) is 0.001,
which is less than the Alpha Value of 0.05, which indicated thatthe stated null hypothesis to be Accepted.
Post-Merger Performance of Kotak Mahindra Bank on Investments and Total Assets:
Table No. 6 Total Investments to total Assets
years
Post-Merger Performance of Kotak Mahindra Bank
Mean SD One sample T-Test
Investment Total Assets
2015 33 148
156.75 120.93
P=0.004
T=0.005
(H0= Accepted)
2016 55 240
2017 45 214
2018 64 264
2019 71 312
2020 75 360
Interpretation:
One sample T-test indicates that to test the significant among post-merger performance of return on assets of
Kotak Mahindra bank. The mean and standard deviation were found in return on assets category around 156.75
and 120.93 respectively. The calculated P value (Sig 2-tailed) is 0.004, which is less than the Alpha Value of
0.05, which indicated that the stated null hypothesis to be Accepted.
3. Pre-merger Performance of Net NPAs to Advances:
Table No. 7 Net NPAs to Advances
Acquire Banks
ING Vysya Bank Pre-
Merger Performance
Mean Standard Deviation One Sample T-Test
2011 0.23
0.28 0.142
T=3.04
P=0.011
(H0Accepted)
2012 0.28
2013 0.31
2014 0.82
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Interpretation:
One sample T-test indicates that to test the significant difference between the mean differences among pre
merger performance of return on assets in ING Vysya bank. The mean and standard deviation were found in
return on assets category around 0.28 and 0.142 respectively. The calculated P value (Sig 2-tailed) is 0.011,
which is less than the Alpha Value of 0.05, which indicated that the stated null hypothesis to be Accepted.
Interpretation:
One sample T-test indicates that to test the significant difference between the mean differences among pre
merger performance of return on assets in ING Vysya bank. The mean and standard deviation were found in
return on assets category around 0.28 and 0.142 respectively. The calculated P value (Sig 2-tailed) is 0.011,
which is less than the Alpha Value of 0.05, which indicated that the stated null hypothesis to be Accepted.
Table No. 8 Net NPAs to Advances
years
Kotak Mahindra Bank Pre-Performance
Mean SD One sample T-Test
Net NPAs Advances
2010 44 29
37.83 23.46
P=0.17
T=2.13
(H0: Accepted)
2011 24 41
2012 27 53
2013 36 66
2014 63 71
Interpretation:
One sample T-test indicates that to test the significant difference between the mean differences among pre-
merger performance of return on assets in Kotak Mahindra bank. The mean and standard deviation were found
in return on assets category around 37.83 and 23.46 respectively. The calculated P value (Sig 2-tailed) is 0.017,
which is less than the Alpha Value of 2.132, which indicated that the stated null hypothesis to be Accepted.
8. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD45147 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 5 | Jul-Aug 2021 Page 1577
Post-merger Performance of Net NPAs to Advances:
years
Kotak Mahindra Bank Post-Performance
Mean SD One sample T- Test
Net NPAs Advances
2015 69 88
156.75
120.93
6
P=0.004
T=0,005
(H0: Accepted)
2016 135 144
2017 171 136
2018 166 169
2019 154 205
2020 155 219
Interpretation:
One sample T-test indicates that to test the significant difference between the mean differences among post-
merger performance of return on assets in Kotak Mahindra bank. The mean and standard deviation were found
in return on assets category around 156.75 and 120.93 respectively. The calculated P value (Sig 2-tailed) is 0.004
which is less than the Alpha Value of 0.005 which indicated that the stated null hypothesis to be Accepted.
FINDINGS OF THE STUDY:
1. The Pre-performance of the ING Vysya bank is
on the basis of Gross NPAs to Advances the 1.13
times to 3.45 times respectively from the years
2010 to 2014.
2. The Pre-performance of the Kotak Mahindra bank
is on the basis of Gross NPAs to Advances the 91
to 117 times & 55 to 122 times respectively from
the years 2010 to 2014.
3. The Post-performance of the Kotak Mahindra
bank is on the basis of Gross NPAs to Advances
the 139 to 502 times & 88 to 219 times
respectively from the years 2015 to 2020.
4. The Pre-performance of the ING Vysya bank is
on the basis of Total Investments to total Assets
0.24 to 0.76 times respectively from the years
2010 to 2014.
5. The Pre-performance of the ING Vysya bank is
on the basis of Total Investments to total Assets
13 to 27 times & 55 to 122 respectively from the
years 2010 to 2014.
6. The Post-performance of the Kotak Mahindra
bank is on the basis of Gross NPAs to Advances
the 33 to 75 times & 148 to 360 times
respectively from the years 2015 to 2020.
7. The Pre-performance of the ING Vysya bank is
on the factors based on Net NPAs to Advances
0.23 to 0.82 times respectively from the years
2010 to 2014.
8. The Pre-performance of the Kotak Mahindra bank
is on the basis of Net NPAs to Advances the 44 to
63 times & 29 to 71 times respectively from the
years 2010 to 2014.
9. The Post-performance of the Kotak Mahindra
bank is on the basis of Net NPAs to Advances the
69 to 155 times & 88 to 219 times respectively
from the years 2015 to 2020.
SUGGESTIONS FOR THE STUDY:
The high level of NPAs is the most crucial
challenge face by India banking system. Reducing
the existing NPAs and curbing their further build
up to improve the assets quality ratio of the bank.
Bank should try to reduce cost at the minimum
possible level, but not at the cost of quality of
service. Optimum use of technology, proper
utilization of assets quality and human resources
can help the bank to cut down the cost.
Exploring avenues of recovering NPAs such as
LokAdalats for recovering smaller loans. Bank
should strengthen the provisions of the Debt