Psychological tests should have standardized components that allow anyone to administer them anywhere and anytime. They should provide norms to compare individual scores to a known group that has taken the test. Test items are prepared by experts and pretested to ensure they are technically sound, have appropriate difficulty levels, can discriminate between individuals, and relate to a clearly defined test specification. Directions for administration and scoring are precisely stated to standardize procedures for different test users, and manuals and other materials are provided to guide administration, scoring, evaluation, interpretation, and use of results.