The document discusses the protection of the Faridabad Aravalli forests including the Mangar Bani Sacred Grove from real estate development pressures. It notes that the forests are deemed forests under the Forest Conservation Act but the state government is including large areas as agricultural zones in a new master plan, allowing non-forest uses in violation of the law. It provides regulatory and legal context establishing the forests' protection, their ecological importance for groundwater recharge and wildlife habitat, and concerns that the new plan fails to recognize their status or protect the forests. It requests MoEF action to ensure the forests receive strong protection per existing laws and judgments.
Mohamed Imam BAKARR "Sustainable land management in the Global Environment Fa...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
The document discusses the GEF Land Degradation Focal Area and its focus on sustainable land management to reverse land degradation and maintain ecosystem services. It provides examples of projects that employ integrated approaches across landscapes to deliver both environmental and development benefits. These include improved soil health, carbon sequestration, and more resilient production systems. Looking ahead, priorities include climate-smart agriculture, forest landscape restoration, and leveraging land degradation financing to improve food security through sustainable land management.
Coastal & River Zone Management, Regulations & Development. -Prof. Shyam R. A...Ecotist
Detailed background of the 1991 CRZ notification, and how it underwent as many as 25 amendments before the 2011 CRZ notification was passed and a detailed description of CRZ I-IV.
Presentation on Monitoring, Mechanism for implementation of the EIA Notificat...Ecotist
This document discusses the existing mechanisms for monitoring compliance with the Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification of 1991 and the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification of 2006 in Maharashtra, India. It notes that while various authorities investigate alleged violations, no specific committee exists for site inspections. It proposes designating the Maharashtra Pollution Control Board or constituting an inter-departmental committee to directly monitor compliance with the notifications. This would improve monitoring compared to the current system which relies on reports from other departments.
This document summarizes the salient features of the draft revised implementing rules and regulations of Executive Order No. 193, which enhances the National Greening Program in the Philippines. Key points include expanding the scope to cover all remaining unproductive forest lands and involve private sector participation and investment to achieve carbon neutrality. It also aims to provide livelihood opportunities for communities through developing social enterprises involving agriculture, agroforestry and high-value crops.
The document summarizes information about the Philippines' National Greening Program (NGP). It provides statistics on the country's forest cover and land classification. The NGP aims to plant 1.5 billion trees across 1.5 million hectares by 2016 to achieve environmental, economic, and social benefits. These include increasing forest cover, sequestering carbon, improving watersheds and incomes. The program outlines species selection, planting sites, budgets, areas planted, partnerships and opportunities for collaboration to achieve its goals.
130418 orissa mining corp vs min of envir & forest sc order-sabrangsabrang
This document summarizes a Supreme Court of India case related to forest clearance for bauxite mining. It discusses the history of proposals submitted by Orissa Mining Corporation and Vedanta for mining and refinery projects. The court had previously approved the projects on the condition that a rehabilitation package was implemented. However, the Ministry of Environment and Forests subsequently rejected stage II forest clearance. Orissa Mining Corporation has approached the court seeking to quash that rejection order. The document provides background details on the various proposals and court orders over the years related to this project and land.
Cbd introduction redd plus biodiversity safeguardstheREDDdesk
The document discusses REDD-plus biodiversity safeguards and CBD decisions relating to REDD-plus. It summarizes CBD COP guidance calling for REDD-plus to support forest biodiversity and indigenous communities. It outlines the process to develop advice on biodiversity safeguards for COP 11 approval. It also discusses linkages between biodiversity and forest carbon, and tools to help maximize REDD-plus benefits for biodiversity and livelihoods while avoiding risks.
Mohamed Imam BAKARR "Sustainable land management in the Global Environment Fa...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
The document discusses the GEF Land Degradation Focal Area and its focus on sustainable land management to reverse land degradation and maintain ecosystem services. It provides examples of projects that employ integrated approaches across landscapes to deliver both environmental and development benefits. These include improved soil health, carbon sequestration, and more resilient production systems. Looking ahead, priorities include climate-smart agriculture, forest landscape restoration, and leveraging land degradation financing to improve food security through sustainable land management.
Coastal & River Zone Management, Regulations & Development. -Prof. Shyam R. A...Ecotist
Detailed background of the 1991 CRZ notification, and how it underwent as many as 25 amendments before the 2011 CRZ notification was passed and a detailed description of CRZ I-IV.
Presentation on Monitoring, Mechanism for implementation of the EIA Notificat...Ecotist
This document discusses the existing mechanisms for monitoring compliance with the Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification of 1991 and the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification of 2006 in Maharashtra, India. It notes that while various authorities investigate alleged violations, no specific committee exists for site inspections. It proposes designating the Maharashtra Pollution Control Board or constituting an inter-departmental committee to directly monitor compliance with the notifications. This would improve monitoring compared to the current system which relies on reports from other departments.
This document summarizes the salient features of the draft revised implementing rules and regulations of Executive Order No. 193, which enhances the National Greening Program in the Philippines. Key points include expanding the scope to cover all remaining unproductive forest lands and involve private sector participation and investment to achieve carbon neutrality. It also aims to provide livelihood opportunities for communities through developing social enterprises involving agriculture, agroforestry and high-value crops.
The document summarizes information about the Philippines' National Greening Program (NGP). It provides statistics on the country's forest cover and land classification. The NGP aims to plant 1.5 billion trees across 1.5 million hectares by 2016 to achieve environmental, economic, and social benefits. These include increasing forest cover, sequestering carbon, improving watersheds and incomes. The program outlines species selection, planting sites, budgets, areas planted, partnerships and opportunities for collaboration to achieve its goals.
130418 orissa mining corp vs min of envir & forest sc order-sabrangsabrang
This document summarizes a Supreme Court of India case related to forest clearance for bauxite mining. It discusses the history of proposals submitted by Orissa Mining Corporation and Vedanta for mining and refinery projects. The court had previously approved the projects on the condition that a rehabilitation package was implemented. However, the Ministry of Environment and Forests subsequently rejected stage II forest clearance. Orissa Mining Corporation has approached the court seeking to quash that rejection order. The document provides background details on the various proposals and court orders over the years related to this project and land.
Cbd introduction redd plus biodiversity safeguardstheREDDdesk
The document discusses REDD-plus biodiversity safeguards and CBD decisions relating to REDD-plus. It summarizes CBD COP guidance calling for REDD-plus to support forest biodiversity and indigenous communities. It outlines the process to develop advice on biodiversity safeguards for COP 11 approval. It also discusses linkages between biodiversity and forest carbon, and tools to help maximize REDD-plus benefits for biodiversity and livelihoods while avoiding risks.
This document provides general specifications for electrical works related to diesel generator (DG) sets with a capacity over 200kW. It covers the scope, technical specifications for diesel engines, alternators, control panels, foundations, acoustic enclosures and other components. It also includes appendices with international standards, emission and noise level norms, sample tender documents, relevant Indian standards, typical cable sizes and testing procedures to be followed at the OEM works.
2012.05.31 citizens letter on godavarman wp 202 of 1995 06.07.2011 to secy mo...National Citizens Movement
The document outlines issues with the improper implementation of a Supreme Court judgement regarding deemed forests in Haryana. It summarizes that the state forest department's guidance to officials narrowly focuses only on notified forests and fails to identify all deemed forests or wildlife corridors as required by the judgement. This risks non-compliance and will lead to most Aravalli deemed forests and corridors not being identified. It requests officials to ensure identification of all deemed forests as per the judgement and to put development plans on hold until deemed forests are properly identified and protected.
2012.10.01 mgd objection letter gmuc ddp 2031 to dgtcp haryana secy mo ef and...National Citizens Movement
The document discusses the results of a study on the effects of a new drug on memory and cognitive function in older adults. The double-blind study involved 100 participants aged 65-80 who were given either the drug or a placebo daily for 6 months. Researchers found that those who received the drug performed significantly better on memory and problem-solving tests at the end of the study compared to those who received the placebo.
C:\Documents And Settings\Me\My Documents\20 Feb 2010 Desktop\Mjm\Final Files...National Citizens Movement
This document contains a list of voters registered more than once in the 77 Gurgaon assembly constituency. It includes the voter's name, father/husband's name, address, booth number, voter ID number, and ID card number for each duplicate registration. There are a total of 2775 entries showing voters who were registered twice with the same ID card number at different polling booths.
2012.09.21 letter to ncrpb on carrying capacity and email 19.09.2012 to secy ...National Citizens Movement
The document discusses the issue of water scarcity in India, particularly in Haryana, and the need for equitable water distribution between states. It summarizes the historical context around the construction of the Sutluj-Yamuna Link Canal, which was intended to provide Haryana its allocated share of water from the Ravi and Beas rivers as per the 1966 Punjab Reorganization Act. However, Punjab has resisted the canal's construction. The document argues for viewing inter-state water disputes through the lens of whether water can truly be owned or divided between states, given it is a universal natural resource essential for life.
The National Capital Region Planning Board is revising the Regional Plan 2021, which provides guidelines for sustainable development in the Delhi region. However, there are growing concerns that political pressures are undermining the plan. Three new districts were added to the region against the recommendations of planning experts, and state governments have pushed through their own development plans that deviate significantly from the regional guidelines. Many of the proposed changes to the revised plan appear aimed at diluting environmental protections and opening protected lands like the Aravallis to further urbanization. Critics argue this weakens the board's ability to guide and coordinate development in the region.
This document provides a summary of various court judgments related to the Apartment Owners Act. It lists 20 cases from various High Courts and the Supreme Court of India between 1979-2009. The cases cover topics like what constitutes a promoter under the Act, requirements for consent before any alterations to building plans, remedies available to flat owners if unauthorized construction is carried out, obligations of builders, and more. The summaries aim to help people understand past legal interpretations of the Apartment Owners Act.
Statement Showing Multiple Voter Registration Of Friends And Relatives Of Sh...National Citizens Movement
This document lists 134 voters with 322 votes across 9 assembly constituencies in Haryana and Delhi. It shows that many voters have multiple registrations, voting in different constituencies under the same or similar names. Specifically, it lists friends and relatives of Shri Sukhbir that have been registered to vote multiple times, often with the same identification card numbers across different locations.
The document summarizes a court case regarding the requisition of an apartment under the Bombay Land Requisition Act. Some key points:
- The petitioner company had constructed an apartment building with the intention of selling the flats. All flats were sold except one (Flat 82), which remained unsold due to a dispute with the housing society.
- The government requisitioned Flat 82 under the Act without giving the petitioner notice or a chance to respond. The petitioner challenged this, arguing its rights were violated.
- The court found that the requisition order was invalid because the petitioner was not given an opportunity to present its case before the order was passed, violating principles of natural justice.
- The court
2013.08.30 mgd observations, objections and recommendations to revised draft ...National Citizens Movement
The document provides observations, objections and recommendations to the revised draft of the Regional Plan 2021 for the National Capital Region of India. It summarizes that the revised draft dilutes the legal status and enforcement of regional land use plans, reduces the requirement for master plans to be approved by the NCR Planning Board, and removes limits on development in environmentally sensitive areas like the Aravalli Range. It argues these changes could lead to uncontrolled and unsustainable development beyond carrying capacity. The response recommends retaining and strengthening sections from the current Regional Plan to ensure master plans conform with regional plans and are approved by the NCR Planning Board.
This document provides details regarding a case seeking cancellation of a license issued to Unitech for violations of statutes and rules related to building plans and construction in Gurgaon, Haryana. Key points include:
1) Unitech was issued license 60 of 1996 to develop a project called Uniworld Garden with 496 approved dwelling units according to the sanctioned plan. However, the builder constructed extra floors and units violating the approved plan.
2) Documents submitted show discrepancies in the actual built area compared to the sanctioned plan, with extra area constructed and units sold without approval.
3) The builder is alleged to have violated various rules regarding submission of accounts and obtaining completion certificates. The license renewals
This document summarizes a court case regarding the requisition of an apartment under the Bombay Land Requisition Act. The key points are:
1) The petitioner company had constructed an apartment building with the intention of selling the flats. One flat remained unsold and was then requisitioned by the government.
2) The court found the requisition order to be invalid because the petitioner was not given proper notice or a chance to respond before the order was issued, violating principles of natural justice.
3) The court also determined that flats held by builders for sale as part of their business, like the petitioner, should be exempt from requisition under the Act until they are sold, since the intent is for
2012.06.17 citizens objection letter mangar ddp 2031 to dgtcp haryana secy mo...National Citizens Movement
This document outlines objections to the Mangar Draft Development Plan 2031 (DDP 2031) regarding the inclusion of Aravalli hill areas in an agricultural zone and the activities permitted in that zone. Key points include:
1) The Aravalli hills are classified as forest land and should be separately zoned as a natural conservation area, not an agricultural zone, given their ecological importance as forests, wildlife habitat, and groundwater recharge areas.
2) The 23 activities permitted in the agricultural zone under the DDP 2031 are incompatible with the sensitive nature of the Aravalli hills and will cause environmental damage.
3) For the plan to be valid, the clearance process must
This document provides guidelines for high rise building proposals submitted to the Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation (NMMC). It outlines requirements for submission, including checklists, fees, and documents to be provided. General instructions are given regarding plot size, setbacks, parking, staircases, and refuge areas. Guidelines are provided for road access, open spaces, basement parking, ventilation, and fire safety features like sprinklers and compartmentalization. Refuge areas must be provided every 15 meters of height and include toilets, drinking water, and fire resistant doors.
Haryana checklist for high rise residential apartments alongwith statutory rulesNational Citizens Movement
The document is a checklist for taking over a residential complex that includes statutory rules and regulations from various Acts and Rules that must be followed. It lists 6 main Acts and their corresponding Rules regarding land development, building construction, fire safety, electricity, and lifts/escalators. It then provides details of various forms and applications required by the Punjab Scheduled Roads and Controlled Areas Restriction of Unregulated Development Act and Rules for permissions, approvals, design plans, occupancy permissions, and completion certificates. It specifies that all construction must conform to the National Building Code of India.
Can violation of basic structure doctrine be a ground to challenge an ordinar...National Citizens Movement
The document discusses whether violation of the basic structure doctrine can be grounds to challenge an ordinary law passed by the legislature. It summarizes the key judgments related to this issue. In Kuldip Nayar v. Union of India (2006), the Supreme Court held that the basic structure doctrine does not apply to ordinary legislation. However, the document argues this was an incorrect interpretation of prior judgments. It analyzes the judgments in Indira Gandhi v. Raj Narain (1975) and State of Karnataka v. Union of India (1977) to argue that ordinary laws can be challenged on basic structure grounds according to the ratio of these cases.
The document discusses the importance of conserving the Aravalli hills in Southern Haryana and Faridabad district. It notes that the Aravalli hills are a critical groundwater recharge zone, providing 20,00,000 litres of water per hectare annually worth Rs. 2 lakhs per year. Developing the hills would threaten the drinking water security of Delhi, Gurgaon and Faridabad, which are highly dependent on groundwater. The document urges zoning the Aravalli hills as a water recharge and forest conservation zone with no construction allowed, in line with the Regional Plan 2021 and Supreme Court orders. It highlights the ecological value of the hills in protecting from desertification,
The document summarizes Selangor's experience rehabilitating the degraded Raja Musa Forest Reserve peat swamp forest. Key actions included evacuating illegal settlers, blocking drainage canals to restore hydrology, replanting over 60 hectares with 80,000 trees. Challenges included weed infestation and preventing new encroachment. Future plans are to increase nursery capacity, enhance partnerships, and prevent further encroachment through increased enforcement and clear boundaries. The rehabilitation is considered a success with reduced fires and no new encroachment detected.
Presentation on " Tara Coal Block of CMDC IFFCO Coal Limited for Diversion" made before the Forest Appraisal Committee (FAC), Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India
This document provides general specifications for electrical works related to diesel generator (DG) sets with a capacity over 200kW. It covers the scope, technical specifications for diesel engines, alternators, control panels, foundations, acoustic enclosures and other components. It also includes appendices with international standards, emission and noise level norms, sample tender documents, relevant Indian standards, typical cable sizes and testing procedures to be followed at the OEM works.
2012.05.31 citizens letter on godavarman wp 202 of 1995 06.07.2011 to secy mo...National Citizens Movement
The document outlines issues with the improper implementation of a Supreme Court judgement regarding deemed forests in Haryana. It summarizes that the state forest department's guidance to officials narrowly focuses only on notified forests and fails to identify all deemed forests or wildlife corridors as required by the judgement. This risks non-compliance and will lead to most Aravalli deemed forests and corridors not being identified. It requests officials to ensure identification of all deemed forests as per the judgement and to put development plans on hold until deemed forests are properly identified and protected.
2012.10.01 mgd objection letter gmuc ddp 2031 to dgtcp haryana secy mo ef and...National Citizens Movement
The document discusses the results of a study on the effects of a new drug on memory and cognitive function in older adults. The double-blind study involved 100 participants aged 65-80 who were given either the drug or a placebo daily for 6 months. Researchers found that those who received the drug performed significantly better on memory and problem-solving tests at the end of the study compared to those who received the placebo.
C:\Documents And Settings\Me\My Documents\20 Feb 2010 Desktop\Mjm\Final Files...National Citizens Movement
This document contains a list of voters registered more than once in the 77 Gurgaon assembly constituency. It includes the voter's name, father/husband's name, address, booth number, voter ID number, and ID card number for each duplicate registration. There are a total of 2775 entries showing voters who were registered twice with the same ID card number at different polling booths.
2012.09.21 letter to ncrpb on carrying capacity and email 19.09.2012 to secy ...National Citizens Movement
The document discusses the issue of water scarcity in India, particularly in Haryana, and the need for equitable water distribution between states. It summarizes the historical context around the construction of the Sutluj-Yamuna Link Canal, which was intended to provide Haryana its allocated share of water from the Ravi and Beas rivers as per the 1966 Punjab Reorganization Act. However, Punjab has resisted the canal's construction. The document argues for viewing inter-state water disputes through the lens of whether water can truly be owned or divided between states, given it is a universal natural resource essential for life.
The National Capital Region Planning Board is revising the Regional Plan 2021, which provides guidelines for sustainable development in the Delhi region. However, there are growing concerns that political pressures are undermining the plan. Three new districts were added to the region against the recommendations of planning experts, and state governments have pushed through their own development plans that deviate significantly from the regional guidelines. Many of the proposed changes to the revised plan appear aimed at diluting environmental protections and opening protected lands like the Aravallis to further urbanization. Critics argue this weakens the board's ability to guide and coordinate development in the region.
This document provides a summary of various court judgments related to the Apartment Owners Act. It lists 20 cases from various High Courts and the Supreme Court of India between 1979-2009. The cases cover topics like what constitutes a promoter under the Act, requirements for consent before any alterations to building plans, remedies available to flat owners if unauthorized construction is carried out, obligations of builders, and more. The summaries aim to help people understand past legal interpretations of the Apartment Owners Act.
Statement Showing Multiple Voter Registration Of Friends And Relatives Of Sh...National Citizens Movement
This document lists 134 voters with 322 votes across 9 assembly constituencies in Haryana and Delhi. It shows that many voters have multiple registrations, voting in different constituencies under the same or similar names. Specifically, it lists friends and relatives of Shri Sukhbir that have been registered to vote multiple times, often with the same identification card numbers across different locations.
The document summarizes a court case regarding the requisition of an apartment under the Bombay Land Requisition Act. Some key points:
- The petitioner company had constructed an apartment building with the intention of selling the flats. All flats were sold except one (Flat 82), which remained unsold due to a dispute with the housing society.
- The government requisitioned Flat 82 under the Act without giving the petitioner notice or a chance to respond. The petitioner challenged this, arguing its rights were violated.
- The court found that the requisition order was invalid because the petitioner was not given an opportunity to present its case before the order was passed, violating principles of natural justice.
- The court
2013.08.30 mgd observations, objections and recommendations to revised draft ...National Citizens Movement
The document provides observations, objections and recommendations to the revised draft of the Regional Plan 2021 for the National Capital Region of India. It summarizes that the revised draft dilutes the legal status and enforcement of regional land use plans, reduces the requirement for master plans to be approved by the NCR Planning Board, and removes limits on development in environmentally sensitive areas like the Aravalli Range. It argues these changes could lead to uncontrolled and unsustainable development beyond carrying capacity. The response recommends retaining and strengthening sections from the current Regional Plan to ensure master plans conform with regional plans and are approved by the NCR Planning Board.
This document provides details regarding a case seeking cancellation of a license issued to Unitech for violations of statutes and rules related to building plans and construction in Gurgaon, Haryana. Key points include:
1) Unitech was issued license 60 of 1996 to develop a project called Uniworld Garden with 496 approved dwelling units according to the sanctioned plan. However, the builder constructed extra floors and units violating the approved plan.
2) Documents submitted show discrepancies in the actual built area compared to the sanctioned plan, with extra area constructed and units sold without approval.
3) The builder is alleged to have violated various rules regarding submission of accounts and obtaining completion certificates. The license renewals
This document summarizes a court case regarding the requisition of an apartment under the Bombay Land Requisition Act. The key points are:
1) The petitioner company had constructed an apartment building with the intention of selling the flats. One flat remained unsold and was then requisitioned by the government.
2) The court found the requisition order to be invalid because the petitioner was not given proper notice or a chance to respond before the order was issued, violating principles of natural justice.
3) The court also determined that flats held by builders for sale as part of their business, like the petitioner, should be exempt from requisition under the Act until they are sold, since the intent is for
2012.06.17 citizens objection letter mangar ddp 2031 to dgtcp haryana secy mo...National Citizens Movement
This document outlines objections to the Mangar Draft Development Plan 2031 (DDP 2031) regarding the inclusion of Aravalli hill areas in an agricultural zone and the activities permitted in that zone. Key points include:
1) The Aravalli hills are classified as forest land and should be separately zoned as a natural conservation area, not an agricultural zone, given their ecological importance as forests, wildlife habitat, and groundwater recharge areas.
2) The 23 activities permitted in the agricultural zone under the DDP 2031 are incompatible with the sensitive nature of the Aravalli hills and will cause environmental damage.
3) For the plan to be valid, the clearance process must
This document provides guidelines for high rise building proposals submitted to the Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation (NMMC). It outlines requirements for submission, including checklists, fees, and documents to be provided. General instructions are given regarding plot size, setbacks, parking, staircases, and refuge areas. Guidelines are provided for road access, open spaces, basement parking, ventilation, and fire safety features like sprinklers and compartmentalization. Refuge areas must be provided every 15 meters of height and include toilets, drinking water, and fire resistant doors.
Haryana checklist for high rise residential apartments alongwith statutory rulesNational Citizens Movement
The document is a checklist for taking over a residential complex that includes statutory rules and regulations from various Acts and Rules that must be followed. It lists 6 main Acts and their corresponding Rules regarding land development, building construction, fire safety, electricity, and lifts/escalators. It then provides details of various forms and applications required by the Punjab Scheduled Roads and Controlled Areas Restriction of Unregulated Development Act and Rules for permissions, approvals, design plans, occupancy permissions, and completion certificates. It specifies that all construction must conform to the National Building Code of India.
Can violation of basic structure doctrine be a ground to challenge an ordinar...National Citizens Movement
The document discusses whether violation of the basic structure doctrine can be grounds to challenge an ordinary law passed by the legislature. It summarizes the key judgments related to this issue. In Kuldip Nayar v. Union of India (2006), the Supreme Court held that the basic structure doctrine does not apply to ordinary legislation. However, the document argues this was an incorrect interpretation of prior judgments. It analyzes the judgments in Indira Gandhi v. Raj Narain (1975) and State of Karnataka v. Union of India (1977) to argue that ordinary laws can be challenged on basic structure grounds according to the ratio of these cases.
The document discusses the importance of conserving the Aravalli hills in Southern Haryana and Faridabad district. It notes that the Aravalli hills are a critical groundwater recharge zone, providing 20,00,000 litres of water per hectare annually worth Rs. 2 lakhs per year. Developing the hills would threaten the drinking water security of Delhi, Gurgaon and Faridabad, which are highly dependent on groundwater. The document urges zoning the Aravalli hills as a water recharge and forest conservation zone with no construction allowed, in line with the Regional Plan 2021 and Supreme Court orders. It highlights the ecological value of the hills in protecting from desertification,
The document summarizes Selangor's experience rehabilitating the degraded Raja Musa Forest Reserve peat swamp forest. Key actions included evacuating illegal settlers, blocking drainage canals to restore hydrology, replanting over 60 hectares with 80,000 trees. Challenges included weed infestation and preventing new encroachment. Future plans are to increase nursery capacity, enhance partnerships, and prevent further encroachment through increased enforcement and clear boundaries. The rehabilitation is considered a success with reduced fires and no new encroachment detected.
Presentation on " Tara Coal Block of CMDC IFFCO Coal Limited for Diversion" made before the Forest Appraisal Committee (FAC), Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India
The document summarizes key Indian forest policies and laws. It discusses the salient features of the 1894, 1952, and 1988 National Forest Policies of India. The 1894 policy focused on revenue generation, while the 1952 policy emphasized maintaining forest cover and meeting local needs. The 1988 policy aimed to ensure environmental stability. It also outlines the Indian Forest Act of 1927, which provides the legal framework for forest management, and discusses the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972 and the Forest Conservation Act of 1980.
Presentation on the "Development of Coal Sector in Central India - Sustainable Coal Mining - Forest, Wildlife & Environment Perspective Coal Mining Plans" made in the "Coal Summit, 2018" organised by the Ministry of Coal, Government of India, in 2018
‘HARIYALI’: AS A MODEL TO COMBAT LAND DEGRADATIONMalhari Survase
The development of a region is primarily based on the efficient use and planned utilisation of
available resources, hence, it is necessary to use and conserve resources, particularly land, water,
soil and vegetation with utimost care for sustainable development. The exploitation and lavish use of
resources may threaten our life cycle causing land degradation at a greater scale. Various measures
are being adopted to conserve these resources by State and Central Government. “Hariyali”
(Greenary) project as community level efforts for the conservation of natural resource are introduced
by Department of Land Resources, Ministry of Rural Development, and Government of India from
April 2003. The present investigation aims to assess the nature, consisted works, carried works and
benefits achieved through Hariyali project implemented in western hilly part of Kolhapur district,
comprising seven small watersheds of Shahuwadi tahsil.
For the present investigation the required data and information has been collected from
Block Development Officer and Tahsil Agricultural Officer, Panchayat Samiti, Shahuwadi. The field
visits to confirm the ground reality have been arranged. The topomaps has been used to analyse
geographical situation such as location, watershed demarcation, topography, landforms, drainage,
forested areas and other landuse. The findings and results are represented through tables and maps.
The analysis revels that Hariyali project has achieved great success in conserving the land, soil,
water and vegetation. Hariyali project could be a ideal model for successfully combating the land
degradation, provided the sufficient funds are made available timely and local peoples participation
is made active.
The document discusses proposed amendments to the Forest (Conservation) Act of 1980 in India. It notes that over 40 years there have been significant ecological, social, and environmental changes in the country. It seeks comments on 13 issues regarding clarifying and updating the scope and provisions of the Act to better align with current circumstances and promote conservation and development goals. Key points of discussion include objectively defining the Act's application; exempting certain lands from provisions; encouraging tree planting; and updating penalties for violations. State governments are invited to provide comments on the proposed amendments within 15 days.
The document summarizes the establishment of an eco-sensitive zone around Mount Abu in Rajasthan, India. Mount Abu has significant ecological importance due to its tropical and evergreen forests that are home to many endemic and rare species. The eco-sensitive zone was created to protect the area from further ecological degradation caused by rapid urbanization, irregular tourist inflow, and mining. A zonal master plan is being developed that will regulate development, industrial activities, quarrying, tourism, waste disposal, and more to preserve the natural environment and heritage sites in and around Mount Abu.
3 Pure & Applied Aspect of Forest Conservation ActRavindraSaksena
This document provides an overview of the Forest (Conservation) Act of 1980 and its ramifications for mining leases in India. Some key points:
- The Act aims to conserve forests and requires central government approval for diversion of forest land for non-forest uses like mining.
- Mining leases granted before 1980 don't require approval to mine already broken land, but new breaking of forest land does. Renewed leases also require approval.
- The Act applies to all recorded forest areas, not just those notified as such. It restricts de-notification and assignment of forest land.
- Case law has established the Act seeks to prevent deforestation and that its provisions must be compl
Deepar Beel; A Ramsar Designated Wetland under Precarious state of Management...Kumar Deepak
The document summarizes a visit to Deepor Beel wetland in Assam, India, which is designated as a Wetland of International Importance under the Ramsar Convention. However, the author found the wetland to be under precarious management. There was no clear transportation available and officials were not present. The author also witnessed picnics and waste within the wetland boundaries. While the wetland provides valuable ecosystem services worth an estimated 9.11 billion rupees, it faces threats from encroachment, pollution from Guwahati city, and overgrowth of invasive plants. The author calls for improved management, delineation of boundaries, research, and raising awareness about the wetland's economic and ecological importance
National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) Act and E (expanded) - NI...Bevs Dela Cruz
The presentation provides the overview of the Republic Acts 7568 and 11038 of 1992 and 2018, respectively. The latter is the amendment of the former in which 94 new areas (some are initial components) have been declared under the protected areas system.
This report was presented in ENS (Environmental Science) 275: Contemporary Issues in the Environment and Development, School of Environmental Science and Management, University of the Philippines.
6. THE FOREST (CONSERVATION) MAPS, BIODIVERSITY INDEXING, WILDLIFE IMPACT ASS...RavindraSaksena
This document provides an overview of the Forest (Conservation) Act of 1980 and its implementation and relationship to mining leases. It discusses that most coal blocks in India are located in forest areas, and the Act provides a framework for assessing cases for forest diversion for mining projects. However, parameters for assessment have been artificial and complicated. Over 500 coal blocks are located in forests but diversion of around 0.04% of forest land could meet energy targets without major ecological impacts if effective mitigation planning is implemented. The document examines issues around wildlife corridors and presents maps and analysis of forest and coal block locations.
Silviculture objective for watershed managementManojPaudel21
Silviculture practice for Watershed Management discusses the objectives of silviculture for watershed management. The key objectives are to [1] prevent top soil loss and erosion, [2] control water pollution by removing contaminants, [3] increase groundwater storage by slowing water movement, [4] maintain streamflow by regulating water flows, and [5] maintain sustainability of the ecosystem. Proper silviculture techniques through afforestation and reforestation can minimize annual soil loss, floods, erosion, and water source pollution.
The document is a letter from an organization called Mission Gurgaon Development to the Secretary of the Ministry of Environment and Forests regarding a review of the draft revision of the Regional Plan 2021 for the National Capital Region.
The key points are:
1. The organization has grave concerns about environmental dilutions and gaps in the revised draft plan that could damage eco-sensitive areas like the Aravali ranges and river beds.
2. Several important environmental safeguards in the current plan, like restrictions on construction in conservation zones, are being diluted or removed in the revised draft without proper review.
3. The revisions could open up forest land and groundwater sources to development, violating environmental laws.
All "deforestations or diversion" of forest areas including reserve forests, protected forests, unclassed forests, revenue forests, dictionary meaning of forests and DLC lands require "prior approval" under Section-2(ii) of Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 from the Government of India. The State Governments are not having any power for this purpose.
The "mining leases" cannot be operate unless the "diversion order" has been obtained from the Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change. The mining leases can be executed under the Mines & Minerals (Development & Regulation) Act, 1957; Coal Bearing (Special Provisions) Act, 2015 or transfer of old leases etc. all require prior sanction of the Government of India.
For submitting the technical and legal proposal, guidance has been provide to the greenfield project investors. The presentation shall shall be useful for the understanding of Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980.
This document discusses forest resources and conservation in India. It defines forests and describes their global distribution and importance. It also classifies different forest types and examines the current status of forests worldwide and within India. Key points include that India's forest cover is 24.01% of its geographic area, with the highest forest cover states being Madhya Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh. The ecological and economic significance of forests is outlined, as well as the major causes and impacts of deforestation in India. Forest management and conservation efforts are also summarized, including key Indian forest laws and policies from 1855 to the present.
This document discusses the challenges faced by senior forestry professionals in India in balancing forest conservation with facilitating infrastructure development. It notes that while forests cover around 22% of India's land area, infrastructure projects often require forest land. The Forest Conservation Act of 1980 regulates this but sets up challenges for forestry professionals. Key issues include implementing compensatory afforestation effectively when forest land is used and addressing delays in approvals that slow infrastructure projects and economic growth. Recent reforms aim to streamline procedures to cut delays while maintaining forest protection. Senior forestry professionals must find ways to both conserve forests and enable necessary infrastructure development.
Paper on status of taiwan law in international maritime law 08.07.2009 fresh ...National Citizens Movement
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2. While Taiwan is not a UN member, its domestic laws reference UNCLOS and it has implicitly accepted the convention through laws and actions. The document analyzes Taiwan's legal standing regarding freedom of navigation and responsibility under international law.
3. The interception of foreign vessels by Taiwan at gunpoint would violate UNCLOS and customary international law principles against the use of force.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help relax the body and lift the mood.
Affidavit of state of haryana dated 21.07.2016 reporting completion of ground...National Citizens Movement
- The document is a surrejoinder affidavit submitted by Respondent No. 4 in response to the applicant's rejoinder.
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Urban planners and environmental analysts attended a seminar to discuss environmental safeguards for the National Capital Region Regional Plan 2021. They stressed the need for a Strategic Environmental Assessment of the revised draft plan to identify any environmental impacts. The group argued that while individual projects require clearance, there is no review of broader plans that make important land use decisions. They recommended the Ministry of Environment and Forests have representation on the planning board to provide oversight and ensure key environmental protections for sensitive areas are included and implemented in the updated regional plan.
1) The document is a letter from Sarvadaman Singh Oberoi to the Prime Minister of India expressing concerns about the National Capital Region Planning Board's (NCRPB) failure to properly plan the National Capital Region according to sustainable development principles.
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The document summarizes an upcoming workshop on environmental safeguards in the Regional Plan 2021 for the National Capital Region of India. The workshop will bring together experts to discuss pressures on the region's ecological assets from urban development and identify opportunities to safeguard the environment in the updated plan. The Regional Plan provides statutory planning and zoning control to promote balanced growth while avoiding haphazard development and conserving areas like the Aravalli ranges and Yamuna river floodplains. The workshop aims to review environmental protections and ensure sustainable development within the region's carrying capacity.
The document is a letter from Sarvadaman Singh Oberoi to the Prime Minister of India requesting that the Regional Plan 2021 be held in abeyance by the NCRPB at their 14 January 2014 meeting. For over two years, NGOs and citizens have urged the NCRPB and Haryana government to properly consider environmental impacts in regional planning as required by law, but their concerns have been ignored. Approving the plan without the Ministry of Environment and Forest's inputs would be a dereliction of duty and violate the recent Supreme Court judgment requiring an environmental regulator to consider such plans. The letter requests the Prime Minister to direct the NCRPB and Ministry to properly address environmental issues in the regional plan.
The document requests that the Chief Minister of Maharashtra bring in a strong Apartment Ownership Act immediately and also make a request for an Article 143(1) reference to save the lives of 986 residents of the Campa Cola Compound in Mumbai whose buildings are scheduled for demolition. It summarizes the legal issues surrounding the case, notes that the residents may have committed omissions but their fundamental rights should not be violated, and argues that if demolition occurs the government must first provide alternative accommodation due to its own role over 30 years that enabled the illegal construction.
Observations, objections and recommendations to revised draft rp 2021 mgd 30...National Citizens Movement
This document outlines observations, objections and recommendations submitted to the National Capital Region Planning Board regarding the revised draft Regional Plan 2021. Key points include:
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- The requirement for state master plans to be approved by the NCRPB has been deleted, reducing the Board's authority.
- The document recommends retaining sections strengthening the legal status and need for NCRPB approval of plans to prevent unregulated development.
- Concerns are raised that revisions could exceed development capacity and harm the environment without proper oversight. The document urges restoring provisions for NCRPB guidance of all plans.
1. The document lists important dates related to apartment ownership acts in India from 1950 to 1987.
2. Key acts passed include the Maharashtra Ownership Flats Act (1963), Maharashtra Apartment Ownership Act (1970), Haryana Apartment Ownership Act (1983), and the Andhra Pradesh Apartments Act (1987).
3. These acts aimed to regulate construction and sale of apartments, provide individual ownership rights over apartments, and address duties and liabilities of promoters. However, some early acts had limited scope or ignored promoter responsibilities.
This document provides a summary of various court judgments related to apartment ownership acts in India between 1979-2012. It lists 34 court cases from various high courts and the supreme court pertaining to legal issues like a promoter's obligations, consent required for construction changes, defining common areas, apartment owner rights and more. For each case, it provides details like the court, citation, key issues addressed, and date. The document is intended to help track legal precedents set on matters dealt with in apartment ownership statutes.
8+8+8 Rule Of Time Management For Better ProductivityRuchiRathor2
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إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀
تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
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Dreamin in Color '24 - (Workshop) Design an API Specification with MuleSoft's...Alexandra N. Martinez
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Presented by Alex Martinez, MuleSoft developer advocate at Salesforce.
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
How to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17Celine George
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How to Manage Reception Report in Odoo 17Celine George
A business may deal with both sales and purchases occasionally. They buy things from vendors and then sell them to their customers. Such dealings can be confusing at times. Because multiple clients may inquire about the same product at the same time, after purchasing those products, customers must be assigned to them. Odoo has a tool called Reception Report that can be used to complete this assignment. By enabling this, a reception report comes automatically after confirming a receipt, from which we can assign products to orders.
1. To
Shri PJ Dilip Kumar,
Chairman, Forest Advisory Committee
Director General Forests and Special Secretary
Ministry of Environment and Forests
Government of India
25.03.2012
Dear Sir
Subject: Protection of Faridabad Aravallis deemed forests including Mangar Bani
Sacred Grove from real estate pressures including agricultural zoning in the Mangar
DDP 2031.
We, the undersigned, residents of southern Haryana and Delhi, are deeply concerned about
the future of Gurgaon, Faridabad and Delhi, whose groundwater and forest ecological
security is critically dependent on the Aravalli hill ranges of southern Haryana, which are
already devastated by past mining.
We are dismayed, that, instead of identifying and protecting the last remaining patches of
natural forests and wilderness which are also critical groundwater recharge zones as
identified by Central Ground Water Board, as a forest zone, or sanctuaries or national
parks, the state government of Haryana is directing the use of deemed forest lands for
non-forest purposes by including 1000s of hectares of Faridabad Aravalli forests as an
agricultural zone which allows Mega recreational projects and other uses under a new
master plan – Mangar DDP 2031, in prima facie direct violation of section 2(ii) of the
Forest Conservation Act (FCA).
We request the MoEF to take a pro-active view on the situation as per existing laws and
judgements, including section 3(i) or 3(ii) of the FCA, section 3(1) and 3(2) (v) of the
EPA, 1986, as well as the precautionary principle and inter-generational equity and take
appropriate action, such has been done in the past by issuing the Aravalli Notification in
1992.
The (I) regulatory context, (II) socio-ecological importance, (III) issues and concerns, (IV)
local steps taken, and the (V) urgency, are as follows. Our requests for action are at (VI),
for your consideration.
Page 1 of 12
2. I
Regulatory context of the Aravalli hills deemed forest
1. The Aravalli hills in southern Haryana are mostly classified as ‘gair mumkin pahar’
in local revenue records (plus a few other categories as mentioned in MoEF’s Aravalli
Notification of 1992). The gair mumkin part refers to its unsuitability for agriculture.
2. The hills are a deemed forest
a. The forest vegetation in these hills is mostly of the dry deciduous and thorny
scrub type and mostly comprises of slow growing xeric species that are adapted
to low rainfall and long dry spells. The condition ranges from degraded and
denuded to open and moderately dense and even pristine in patches (e.g. the
Mangar Bani Sacred grove). It mostly comprises of trees and vegetation of
natural origin which easily meet the definition of “dictionary meaning of
forest”. Many areas were devastated by mining and the influx of labour camps
and most of these are regenerating after the mining bans in the last decade.
b. The entire Aravalli hills are prima facie deemed forest in light of the
Godavarman (12.12.1996) and Lafarge (6.7.2011) judgments of the Hon’ble
Supreme Court. The latter directs states to, “identify the areas which are
"forests" irrespective of whether they are so notified, recognized or classified
under any law, and irrespective of the land of such "forest" and the areas which
were earlier "forests" but stand degraded, denuded and cleared” (Part II
(xii)).
c. Hence any non-forest activity in this deemed forest area requires prior clearance
from MoEF under the Forest Conservation Act.
3. Process for streamlining identification of forests and forest and environmental
clearances outlined. Part II of the Lafarge Judgement of the Hon’ble Supreme Court
dated 6th July 2011 provides for:
a. following of National Forest Policy while deciding on forest clearances (Part
II(i)),
b. for site inspection in case of doubt of status of land being non-forest (II (iii)),
c. for setting up of a Standing Site inspection Committee (Part II (iv)),
d. setting up of a GIS based decision support system (II(vii)),
e. completing identification of deemed forests pending since 1996 (II(xii))
f. incorporating safeguards in the Environment Clearance process (II(xiii))
g. and, for MoEF to prepare a comprehensive policy and procedure for forest
clearance and identification of forests (II(xv).
The order clearly states that, “These guidelines are required to be given so that
fait accompli situations do not recur. … These guidelines will operate in all
future cases of environmental and forest clearances till a regulatory mechanism
is put in place”. The Aravalli hill deemed forests of Faridabad and Southern
Haryana are a fit and worthy case to apply these directions.
Page 2 of 12
3. 4. The MoEF itself has wide ranging powers to restrict activities under the Environment
Protection Act, 1996 (specifically, Section 3(1) and 3(2) (v) of the EPA, 1986 and rule
5 (3)(d) of the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986). These powers were exercised to
issue the Aravalli Notification, on May 7 1992, which restricted industry, mining,
construction, roads and electrification in the Aravalli hills of Gurgaon district of
Haryana (and of Alwar district, Rajasthan). This notification has helped control
rampant colonization in the Gurgaon Aravallis. However the Aravalli hills of
Faridabad district of Haryana were left out for some unknown reason from the
ambit of the notification, and should be included urgently.
5. Deemed Forest not yet identified since 12.12.1996. Despite the judgement of
12.12.1996 (Godavarman) asking states to identify their deemed forests, again
reiterated on 6.7.2011 (Lafarge), followed by a letter from the Secretary, MoEF
(September 2011) asking Haryana’s Chief Secretary to implement the Lafarge
judgement, the Haryana state government has not yet identified its deemed forests.
Instead it is preparing real estate oriented zoning plans for the Aravalli hills of
Faridabad which are deemed forests.
6. Pumping of Groundwater banned in 2002. Recognizing the importance of the area to
Delhi’s groundwater, on an IA filed by the Ridge Management Board, Delhi, the
Hon’ble Supreme Court ordered a “ban on mining activity and pumping of
groundwater imposed in an area upto 5 km from Delhi-Haryana border on the
Haryana side of ridge and Aravalli hills.” (order dated 6.5.2002 in WPC 4677 of
1985). The implication of this order is that no exploitation of groundwater and digging
of borewells can be permitted in the 5 km zone from the Delhi border and falling in
Haryana Aravalli hills.
7. Subquently, in 2004, the Hon’ble Supreme Court said that, “Aravalli hills must be
protected at any cost”, and that, “The natural sources of air, water and soil cannot be
utilized if the utilization results in irreversible damage to environments.” (Order dated
May 2004 in WPC 4677 of 1985)
8. The Aravalli hills are the subject matter of several other judgements of the Hon’ble
Supreme Court that have restricted or banned construction, mining activities,
pumping of groundwater, to protect groundwater, lake catchments, and the
environment and ecology.
i. Order dated 11/10/1996 in WPC 4677 of 1985:
1. “We have no hesitation in holding that in order to protect the
two lakes from environmental degradation it is necessary to limit
the construction activity in the close vicinity of the lakes.”
Page 3 of 12
4. 2. “All development schemes, and the plans for all types of
constructions relating to all types of buildings in the area from
one km. to 5 km radius of the Badhkal lake and Surajkund
(excluding Delhi areas) shall have prior approval of the Central
Pollution Control Board and the Haryana Pollution Control
Board.”
ii. Order dated 14.05.2008 in WPC 4677 of 1985
1. “it is noted that ground water table is already at critical stage in
Faridabad”.
iii. Order dated 8.05.2009 in WPC 202 of 1995 and WPC 4677 of 1985
while banning mining pending rehabilitation, states that “today
environment and ecology which are national assets and which are
governed by inter-generational equities stand devastated”
9. Part II(i) of the Lafarge judgement (July 2011) directs that the National Forest Policy
should guide forest clearances (Part II(i)). The National Forest Policy provisions, to
provide ecological stability, protect natural heritage, and check soil erosion in
catchments of lakes (Objective 2.1), to severely restrict schemes that interfere with
forests of catchments & steep slopes (4.1), to provide proper safeguards for providing
sustained benefits to the entire community (4.4.1), and for wildlife corridors (4.5),
amongst others, suggest that the Aravallis should receive strong protection.
10. MoEF is apparently reviewing rehabilitation plans for the mining ravaged areas of
Faridabad district with a view to ensure credible long term rehabilitation and
restoration of these areas.
11. The new Green India Mission also proposes protecting and restoring forests for their
ecosystem services to adapt to and mitigate climate change.
12. Further, the Aravalli hills are zoned as a natural conservation area in the Regional
Plan 2021 prepared by the NCR Planning Board, which all NCR states are mandated to
follow under the NCR Planning Board Act of 1985.
II
Socio-Ecological Importance of Faridabad Aravallis (including Mangar Sacred
Grove)
The ecological importance of the Aravallis is summarized below. Given this
importance, the area urgently deserves protection for the long term groundwater and
forest ecological security of Faridabad, Delhi, and Gurgaon.
1. The Faridabad Aravallis (including Mangar Bani forest patch) are an important
wilderness and wildlife habitat adjoining Delhi, and, contiguous with the Asola
Bhatti Sanctuaries in the Delhi ridge, thus forming a natural buffer to them.
Page 4 of 12
5. 2. Due to their geographic location, the Faridabad Aravallis are a critical link in the
Aravalli forest and wildlife corridor between Delhi (esp. Asola Bhatti sanctuary)
and Gurgaon-Mewat-Alwar Aravalli hills extending to Sariska National Park and
form a large and still relatively unfragmented habitat. A leopard reported from
Asola Bhatti sanctuary, is likely to have reached via the Faridabad aravallis.
Times of India 3.3.2012 – Bhatti Mines spring to life
3. The forested Aravallis are recognized as a barrier against desertification of the
Delhi NCR region.
4. They also provide micro-climatic benefits – reducing dust and temperatures, and
possibly increasing convectional rainfall thus helping adapt to climate change.
5. The Faridabad Aravallis include regions such as the Mangar Bani sacred grove.
Just outside Delhi, the Mangar Bani sacred grove is a micro-habitat of high
conservation value and scientific interest. It contains a unique assemblage of
northern Aravalli plants that has been conserved by local village communities as a
protected, sacred grove. In the entire area of the NCR, this is the last surviving
(relict) undisturbed patch of Anogeissus pendula forest which has a limited range
and distribution and also possibly includes hundreds of other species of flora.
This could attract provisions for ‘entities of incomparable value’ and is certainly
worthy of special protection.
Times of India 24 Jan 2012, Mega tourism nod pushes sacred woods to the brink
6. The Aravalli hills are also critically important for groundwater recharge and
water security and include the catchments of several lakes.
i.
Due to groundwater flow in all directions (see map), this area has been
identified as a recharge zone for groundwater for Delhi, Faridabad and
Gurgaon by the Central Ground Water Board (CGWB). “The hard rock
formations comprising of hills form recharge zone for the downstream areas
(pg 18)” (CGWB, 2008).
ii.
It is therefore critical for the water security of Faridabad which is almost
100% dependent on groundwater for drinking and domestic supply.
iii. Groundwater recharge is to the tune of 20,00,000 litres per hectare per
year (1/3 of rainfall of 600 mm) which is worth approximately Rs 2 lakh per
year (@ of Rs 0.10/litre) and has a Net Present Value of Rs 24.9 Lakhs
(5%, 20 years – same as NPV calculations for CAMPA) and a higher NPV
upto Rs 1.5 crores per hectare (Rs 2 lakhs/ha/year x 100 years (4
generations) at 0.1% discounting ( on the lines adopted by Stern Review –
privileging inter-generational equity) (Agarwal C, 2011).
Page 5 of 12
6. Figure 1. Water Table Elevation in the Mining Areas of Delhi & Faridabad
(Source: Central Ground Water Board, 2008. Hydrological investigations in mining areas of Delhi
and Faridabad, Chandigarh: Government of India.)
Page 6 of 12
7. iv.
v.
III
It includes the catchments of several lakes - including Badhkal lake,
Surajkund lake, Peacock Lake, Dhauj lake (which falls within the Mangar
DDP 2031), which are critical for recharge of groundwater for drinking
water supply downstream of city and village areas. All these lakes have
turned seasonal in the last decade.
The region also contains sites of archeological importance.
(Hindustan Times 6.2.2012 – Hold Fast to the Past by Nayanjot Lahiri).
Issues, concerns and prima facie violations
1. A State Level Committee has approved the Mangar Draft Development Plan (DDP)
2031, with amendments, on or around 12 January 2012. The Town and Country
Planning Department of Haryana has been directed to publish the DDP in the official
Gazette for public comment. The zoning plan permits certain kinds of real estate
development in Aravalli hill areas in Faridabad district, including the area of Mangar
Bani.
The draft proposal:
a. Does not identify the Aravalli hills as a separate zoning category
b. does not zone the whole of the Aravallis as a forest zone, in conformity with
the deemed forest status of the entire Aravallis
c. does not mention the Mangar bani sacred grove or provide it any zoning
protection.
d. includes the Aravalli hills in an ‘agricultural zone’ which permits certain kinds
of real estate and other development, including mega recreational zones, which
is in direct conflict with its deemed forest status
Page 7 of 12
8. e. proposes to ungrade and construct new 4 lane roads in the Aravalli hills that
will further fragment habitat and restrict movement of wildlife in an important
Aravalli forest corridor.
f. Does not identify or provide any zoning protection to the catchment of Dhauj
Lake, which falls within the Mangar DDP 2031 area and has turned seasonal in
the last decade.
2. The Town and Country Planning Department has not sought FCA clearance for
zoning deemed forest areas for non-forest purpose and therefore prima facie
violates section 2 (ii) of the FCA, and further orders of the Hon’ Supreme Court
(Godavarman (12.12.96, and Lafarge(6.7.2011).
3. The State Level Committee “after detailed deliberations”, has, “approved the Mangar
DDP 2031 AD subject to the above amendments.” As deemed forest land has not yet
been identified, and is instead being zoned for non-forest purpose, this approval,
amounts to an order directing, “that any forest land or any portion thereof may be
used for any non-forest purpose”(section 2(ii) of the FCA), and is therefore prima
facie, a violation of section 2(ii) of the FCA.
4. Most of the uses allowed in the master plan are non-site specific activities, which can
easily be allowed outside the aravallis.
5. Forest conservation and groundwater recharge considerations may have been
ignored in decision making. The Forest Department of Haryana State was reportedly
not consulted in preparing the initial draft of the Mangar DDP 2031, and was
apparently not invited to the meeting to clear it at the State level. Neither apparently
was the Hydrology department or the Central Groundwater Board, which has a regional
office in Chandigarh itself. This points to a broader systemic flaw in decision making
wherein groundwater recharge and forest and wildlife ecosystem service concerns are
not represented in decision-making regarding masterplans, which, by deciding zoning,
have enormous influence on landuse decisions and landuse outcomes and protection or
not of the ecological assets of the area.
IV
Local steps taken
1. The Deputy Commissioner, Faridabad had organized a field visit to the Aravallis
and has subsequently written to Town & Country Planning and Forest Departments ,
a. highlighting the deemed forest nature of the Aravallis
b. drawing attention to Mangar Bani sacred grove
c. proposing to protect the entire Aravalli hills under section 4 and 5 of the Punjab
Land Preservation Act (PLPA), thereby restricting landuse change
Page 8 of 12
9. d. and suggesting zoning the Aravallis for water recharge zone and forest
conservation in the Mangar DDP 2031 “in which no fencing, groundwater
exploitation and construction activity is permitted.”
(letter and minutes of field visit are attached).
None of these suggestions have apparently been accepted at the time of writing
2. District administration decision to cover all remaining Aravalli hills under section
4 & 5 of the Punjab Forest Preservation Act (PLPA), on hold. Mangar PLPA
proposal pending with the state govt. Based on the decisions recorded in the field
visit minutes on 2.12.2011 (attached as above), and a meeting on 6.12.2011, the state
forest department has moved a case to the state government of Haryana to notify under
section 4 and 5 of the Punjab Land Preservation Act (PLPA), the remaining gair
mumkin pahar areas (Aravalli hills) of Mangar village in the first instance, (about 2/3
of the hills, only about 1/3 were notified before) and thus provide them additional
protection. However the state Government has not taken a decision to notify the same.
3. District Town Planner’s letter to increase forest zoning from 1800 to 3800 ha
(approx.) ignored. The District Town Planner, Faridabad, had written to his superiors
in Chandigarh in December 2012, to increase the area zoned as forest in the Mangar
DDP 2031 proposal from approximately 1800 ha to about 3800 ha, but this too was
not apparently accepted.
6. The residents of Mangar village of Faridabad district and the neighbouring Bandhwari
village (Gurgaon district) had also written to district officials to protect the Mangar
Bani and a buffer area of about 400-500 ha. There has not been any response
reported for the same.
V
Urgency
1. That despite this extensive official correspondence, media reporting, and civil society
feedback, the state government still seems to be moving ahead with its plan to allow
real estate activity through the Mangar DDP 2031, with an emphasis on large MEGA
RECREATIONAL projects.
2. That there is increasing felling of trees and fencing of land in the Aravalli hills in the
Mangar region, which is fragmenting the deemed forest areas and this has accelerated
with news of the proposed master plan.
3. That even though mining is currently banned, there are reports of illegal mining.
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10. 4. That a fait accompli situation is fast arising in the Faridabad Aravallis and may spread
to the whole of the Southern Haryana Aravallis.
5. That huge damage and harm has already been caused and irrepairable harm is on the
anvil, to the drinking water security and other ecological concerns of citizens of Delhi,
Faridabad and Gurgaon, both urban and rural, both current and especially future
generations, and accordingly, to their right to a clean environment and therefore to their
Right to Life, if the real estate interests in Faridabad Aravallis and especially fuelled by
the Mangar DDP 2031 are not restrained.
VI
Actions required to protect the Faridabad and Southern Haryana Aravallis
The MoEF is requested to kindly take urgent steps to protect the Faridabad Aravallis,
especially the area falling in the Mangar DDP 2031, and if required the whole of Southern
Haryana, as it deems appropriate, including the following:
1. Extend Aravalli Notification (May 1992) to cover Faridabad district Aravallis.
This notification has helped control rampant colonization in the Gurgaon Aravallis.
However the Aravalli hills of Faridabad district of Haryana were left out for
some unknown reason from the ambit of the notification, and should be included
urgently.
2. Constitute a fact finding /supervision committee
Given the powers under the EPA, the FCA, the directions in Part II of the Lafarge
Judgment (as mentioned earlier) and the urgency of the situation, the MoEF is requested to
constitute a fact finding committee to review the situation in the Faridabad aravallis and
covering southern Haryana Aravallis that can:
i. clearly establish the deemed forest nature of the entire southern Haryana
Aravalli hills using FSI maps, and other reports and field visits.
ii. Assess the wildlife habitat importance and wildlife corridor potential of
the area, its role in groundwater recharge and drinking water security,
and in meeting local subsistence needs.
iii. Suggest options for permanent tenurial protection to the Aravalli hills of
southern Haryana under the Wildlife Act, Forest Conservation Act,
Indian Forest Act, Environment Protection Act etc.
iv. Suggest special protection options for the Mangar Bani Sacred Grove
and a suitably determined buffer region.
v. Review and strengthen the Aravalli Notification 1992
vi. Identify all stakeholders in the Aravallis and their interests in order to
balance them.
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11. vii. Ascertain how the Aravalli commonlands were privatized and who
owns them, in order to understand the nature of private and real estate
interests in the Aravalli hills that must be dealt with to facilitate long
term environmental protection of the area.
viii. Propose modifications to the master plans in the Aravalli, especially the
Mangar DDP 2031 to provide zoning protection for groundwater
recharge, surface water body protection, and forest and open space
protection.
3. Direct Government of Haryana to first identify its deemed forests before
notification of the Mangar DDP 2031 for public comment.
4. Direct the Department of Town and Country Planning, Government of Haryana to
seek Forest Clearance of the Mangar Draft Development Plan 2031, under the
Forest Conservation Act.
5. Direct the Department of Town and Country Planning, Government of Haryana to
seek Environmental Clearance of the Mangar Draft Development Plan 2031,
under the Enviroment Protection Act.
6.
Put on hold the notification of the Mangar Draft Development Plan 2031 for public
comment, till the deemed forests of Aravallis are identified and Forest and
Environmental Clearance taken and till environmental protection modifications are
considered.
7. Provide special protection to the Mangar Bani Sacred Grove and its buffer region
of 400-500 ha or a suitably determined area (as mentioned in letter from residents).
8. Incorporate these protections in the Mining restoration and rehabilitations plans in
Faridabad district aravallis currently under review.
CC:
A.K. Bansal, DGF
Ashish Kumar Srivastava, IGF
Amita Baviskar
Ullas Karanth
Mahesh Rangarajan
Harish Chaudhary AIGF
Shiv Pal Singh AIGF
<bansal.ak@nic.in>,
<aksmoef@gmail.com>,
<amita.baviskar@gmail.com>,
<ukaranth@gmail.com>,
<nmmldirector@gmail.com>,
<harishcc@yahoo.com>,
<shiv101@yahoo.com
List of Annexures
1. Forbes India Article on Elinor Ostrom Nobel Laureate 2009 and Mangar sacred grove
http://forbesindia.com/article/special/elinor-ostrom-on-managing-common-property/32350/1
2. DC Letter dated 12 Dec 2011
Page 11 of 12
12. 3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Minutes of field visit dated 2nd Dec 2011
Letter from Mangar Village
Minutes of State Level Committee Meeting (12.01.2012) which approved Mangar DDP 2031.
6 Note on Mangar Bani Conservation by Pradip Krishen - Author -Trees of Delhi
Various Media articles from Times of India, HT, and Down to Earth.
Sincerely,
Sarvadaman Oberoi, Gurgaon
Rtd. Col.
and Treasurer, Mission Gurgaon Development.
Chetan Agarwal, Gurgaon
Forest Researcher
Pradip Krishen, Delhi
Author of Trees of Delhi
Ghazala Shahabuddin, Delhi
Associate Professor, School of Human Ecology,
Ambedkar University, Delhi
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