More than any other industry, fashion treats most of its creative output as a commons - shared resources that can be freely reused, recreated and recombined. How does the fashion industry manage to thrive with virtually no copyright protection?

1. Title

2. Intellectual property in the fashion industry

3. Trademark protection

4. Trademark as design

6. Apparel design is too utilitarian to qualify for copyright protection

7. Too utilitarian?

8. The triumph of the creative commons

9. An open creative process

10. Copying & trends

11. Trendsetters

12. Trend spotters

13. The street

14. Fast fashion

16. Why hasn’t copying destroyed the fashion industry?

18. Innovative knock-offs “ Jelly Kelly” Miu Miu Knock-off

19. Effects on the creative process

20. Making something too difficult to copy

21. Incentives to not copy

22. Fashion designers = comedians?

23. Heterogeneous not homogenous

24. Self-copying

25. Fashion’s creative commons

29. How do we establish standards for “novelty?” In the EU, the novelty standard is too low.

30. Cuisine

31. Automobiles

32. Furniture

33. Magic Tricks

34. Hairstyles

35. Open source software

36. Computer databases

37. Tattoos

38. Comedy

39. Fireworks

40. Games

41. Perfume

42. In the U.S., fashion isn’t the only thriving low-IP industry

43. What can commons-based industries teach us?

44. Between idea and expression

45. Dueling forces in intellectual property

47. The End