We have come a full circle, we started with open evolved to lap and recent guidelines again advocate open approach. Members from European and American hernia societies sat together and formulated the guidelines which were accepted in 2019 and published in 2020 in the famous British journal of surgery. IEHS guidelines are more elaborate and focus on each and every aspect of hernia repair and there guidelines mainly focus on use of IPOM (intraperitoneal teechnique), while they investigated the newer extraperitoneal techniques but kept them open to further studies The slightly more latest guideline which is the most recent and is published in British journal surgery 2020 mainly focus on placement of mesh in extraperitoneal compartment by lap or an open method. They discourages use of intraperitoneal mesh or IPOM The challenge with 2020 guidelines is that most of recommendations are weak and especially they still need further studies to see whether for size 1-4cms- open or lap approach is the best Introduced by Le Blanc in 1993, IPOM technique is Straightforward, Easy and Quick. It is most commonly used technique to manage ventral hernia. Clearing the hernia of its contents and placing a suitable size intraperitoneally by fixating it Drawback of intraperitoneal mesh placement: regardless of the material and coating used coupled with great progress in mesh technology, nearly all types of meshes- a varying level of tissue reaction to produce: Mesh adhesion fistula formation mesh migration into hollow organs including the small bowel, large bowel, and oesophagus Long term pain Hence Retrorectus and preperitoneal placement is the currently favoured method. However, laparoscopic intra-peritoneal onlay mesh (IPOM) is still the mainstay for many surgeons. Why? IPOM is a robust method of repair Especially useful when comorbidities present Obesity Diabetes steroid use No study has shown absolute superiority over laparoscopic IPOM Since 1993 it has shown good results in terms of at recurrence and complication rate Easy to perform and does not require specialized equipment New emerging techniques are lagging widespread implementation due to technical difficulties According to study published in Hernia 2022- meta-analysis for the outcomes of surgical site infection (SSI), seroma, hematoma, readmission, and recurrence, comparing intraperitoneal onlay mesh (IPOM) versus extended totally extraperitoneal approach (e-TEP): Based on short-term results: extraperitoneal mesh does not appear to be superior to intraperitoneal mesh in minimally invasive ventral hernia repair The choice of mesh location should be based on the current evidence, surgeon, and center experience as well as individualized to each patient The conclusions hence are: Be well versed with various newer and established techniques Tailoring the approach Level of evidence: strong Repair technique is tailored based on patient characteristics hernia characteristics local resources