Artificial intelligence and machine learning are used extensively by Internet services to help us find and classify information. This is how products like Google Photos can "magically" find all your photos of cats or trees - or cats up trees! But there's a new wave of AI called generative adversarial neural networks that's all about using AI to make things. In this invited talk for the British Computer Society (BCS) I reflect on what we could use this technology for and the implications for people and society.

1. What did your AI make today?
Martin Hamilton @martin_hamilton #bcsevent
1What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017

2. About Jisc
» Not-for-profit company serving the HE, FE and skills
community:
› 18 million users of shared services like Janet, eduroam,
JiscMail, shared data centres
› Devising national deals with IT vendors and publishers,
e.g.Amazon,Google, Microsoft, Elsevier and Springer
› Providing advice and guidance to the sector on digital
technologies in research and education
» My role:
› Leading a small group exploring emerging technologies
like Augmented Reality and brain computer interfaces
› Helping our members to devise and implement their
digital strategies, and building the evidence base around
new technologies
2What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017
Pepper robot at Jisc Digifest 2017

3. About Jisc
» Not-for-profit company serving the HE, FE and skills
community:
› 18 million users of shared services like Janet, eduroam,
JiscMail, shared data centres
› Devising national deals with IT vendors and publishers,
e.g.Amazon,Google, Microsoft, Elsevier and Springer
› Providing advice and guidance to the sector on digital
technologies in research and education
» My role:
› Leading a small group exploring emerging technologies
like Augmented Reality and brain computer interfaces
› Helping our members to devise and implement their
digital strategies, and building the evidence base around
new technologies
3What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017
Pepper robot at Jisc Digifest 2017

4. About Jisc
» Not-for-profit company serving the HE, FE and skills
community:
› 18 million users of shared services like Janet, eduroam,
JiscMail, shared data centres
› Devising national deals with IT vendors and publishers,
e.g.Amazon,Google, Microsoft, Elsevier and Springer
› Providing advice and guidance to the sector on digital
technologies in research and education
» My role:
› Leading a small group exploring emerging technologies
like Augmented Reality and brain computer interfaces
› Helping our members to devise and implement their
digital strategies, and building the evidence base around
new technologies
4What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017
Pepper robot at Jisc Digifest 2017

5. What did your AI make today?
1. From machine learning to ‘artificial intelligence’
2. The new frontier: Generative neural networks
3. What’s next?
24/10/2017 What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 2017 5

6. 1. From machine learning
to ‘artificial intelligence’
24/10/2017 What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 2017 6

7. Thinking machines are not a new concept
7What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017

8. Thinking machines are not a new concept
8What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017
http://www.turingarchive.org/

9. AI can be DIY
9What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017
Raspberry Pi powered talking AI usingGoogleTensorFlow

10. AI underpinnings…TensorFlow
10What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017
TensorFlow open source machine learning - https://www.tensorflow.org

11. AI underpinnings… ImageNet
11What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017
ImageNet image database - https://www.image-net.org

12. Machine learning in action - AI aces video games
12What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017
Google DeepMindAI learns to play Breakout

13. Machine learning for real time image classification
13What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017
Object detection via Darknet neural network, by Karol Majek - https://github.com/karolmajek

14. But… how does it work?
14What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017
Neural network in 11 lines of Python
https://iamtrask.github.io/2015/07/12/basic-python-network/

15. AI for predictive analytics in teaching and learning
15What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017
VLE data
+
Student record system
+
Attendance data
+
Library data
Buildings data
+
Learning space data
+
Location data
Teaching quality data
+
Assessment data
+
Curriculum design
data
Content data
+
Learning pathways
data
Better retention
and attainment
Retention and
attainment
Retention and
attainment
Retention and
attainment
A more efficient
campus
Improved teaching
& curricula
Personalised and
adaptive learning
Efficient campus Efficient campus
Improving teaching
& curricula
Now
Learning
analytics
Institutional
analytics
Educational
analytics
Adaptive
Analytics and AI
Future

16. 2.The new frontier:
Generative and recurrent neural networks
24/10/2017 What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 2017 16

17. It’s all cats from here…
17What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017

18. It’s all cats from here… (and cat monsters)
18What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017

19. It’s all cats from here… (and dogs!)
19What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017
Trending image from Deep Dream Generator - https://deepdreamgenerator.com/

20. Artistic style transfer
20What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017
Research from the University of Freiberg - https://arxiv.org/pdf/1604.08610

21. AI generated Shakespeare
21What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017
From http://karpathy.github.io/2015/05/21/rnn-effectiveness/
VIOLA:Why, Salisbury must find his flesh and thought
That which I am not aps, not a man and in fire,
To show the reining of the raven and the wars
To grace my hand reproach within, and not a fair are hand,
That Caesar and my goodly father's world;
When I was heaven of presence and our fleets,
We spare with hours, but cut thy council I am great,
Murdered and by thy master's ready there
My power to give thee but so much as hell:
Some service in the noble bondman here,
Would show him to her wine.
KING LEAR: O, if you were a feeble sight, the courtesy of your law,
Your sight and several breath, will wear the gods
With his heads, and my hands are wonder'd at the deeds,
So drop upon your lordship's head, and your opinion
Shall be against your honour.

22. AI generated Linux kernel code
22What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017
From http://karpathy.github.io/2015/05/21/rnn-effectiveness/

23. But… how does it work?
23What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017
Generative adversarial networks in a nutshell - from https://www.analyticsvidhya.com

24. AI for educational content generation
24What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017
» Jisc Startups competition
› Six month accelerator programme
› Support package includes cash grant and
mentoring
» Winners: Wildfire Learning
› World’s first AI content creation service for
learning
› Create learning objects from any text,
PowerPoint or video
› Generate a course’s worth of content in an
hour
› http://www.wildfirelearning.co.uk

25. 3. What’s next?
24/10/2017 What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 2017 25

26. What’s next?
26
Societal impact of AI
› More jobs susceptible to automation than you
might have thought, e.g. for self-driving
vehicles alone:
– 350,000 registered taxi drivers in the UK
– 3.5m truck drivers in the US
› AI doesn’t care what colour your collar is
› New Luddites?
– Throwing stones at the Google bus?
– Brexit versus globalisation?
› SiliconValley optimism
– Don’t Be Evil
What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017
CC BY Flickr user boykoblagoev

27. What’s next?
27
Societal impact of AI
› More jobs susceptible to automation than you
might have thought, e.g. for self-driving
vehicles alone:
– 350,000 registered taxi drivers in the UK
– 3.5m truck drivers in the US
› AI doesn’t care what colour your collar is
› New Luddites?
– Throwing stones at the Google bus?
– Brexit versus globalisation?
› SiliconValley optimism
– Don’t Be Evil
– Also… Drones with Chainsaws
What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017
Via https://www.popsci.com
CC BY Flickr user boykoblagoev

28. What’s next?
28
Conclusions
› AI can already do far more than most people realise
› Lots of new terminology - AI, {Machine, Deep}
Learning, {Convolutional, Adversarial, Recurrent}
Neural Networks, Long ShortTerm Memory(!)
› GPUs and FPGAs now readily available via hyperscale
cloud providers - per second billing!
› AI doesn’t have to be a mystery - lots of open source
code you can experiment with, e.g.
– TensorFlow: https://www.tensorflow.org/
– Darknet: https://pjreddie.com/darknet/
› More from us at Jisc:
https://innovativetechnology.jiscinvolve.org
What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017
Pepper robot at Jisc Digifest 2017

29. What’s next?
29
Conclusions
› AI can already do far more than most people realise
› Lots of new terminology - AI, {Machine, Deep}
Learning, {Convolutional, Adversarial, Recurrent}
Neural Networks, Long ShortTerm Memory(!)
› GPUs and FPGAs now readily available via hyperscale
cloud providers - per second billing!
› AI doesn’t have to be a mystery - lots of open source
code you can experiment with, e.g.
– TensorFlow: https://www.tensorflow.org/
– Darknet: https://pjreddie.com/darknet/
› More from us at Jisc:
https://innovativetechnology.jiscinvolve.org
› But let’s go out with a song…
What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017
Pepper robot at Jisc Digifest 2017

30. What’s next?
30What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017
Mr Shadow – song composed by Sony CSL Research Laboratory’s AI

31. That’s all folks!
31
Except where otherwise noted, this
work is licensed under CC-BY
Connect with me:
Martin Hamilton
Futurist, Jisc, London
@martin_hamilton
martin.hamilton@jisc.ac.uk
What did your AI make today? – Martin Hamilton – invited talk at the BCS, October 201724/10/2017