What is asked of UX and Dev to create Digital Accessibility is what most people needs under different circumstances! We don't need to re-invent the wheel! We just need to consider Journey Maps for exceptional scenarios and states, such as error states, or abused states! Consider all the frictions that we each experience during our life and how they effect our performance. If we can design for such exceptions, we will deliver a product that is usable by all of users.

1. Make the Extremes
Mainstream:
The Power of Inclusive Design
Seda Maurer, CPACC
@SedaSMaurer
seda.maurer@gmail.com

2. Inclusion
Solutions

3. Inclusion

4. Digital Accessibility
For ALL

5. What is it like?
What is the Ask?

6. Keyboard / Interactions
Organization / Hierarchy
Properly Coded Forms
Good Color Contrast
Alternative Text for Images

7. Example
Color Contrast

8. Color Contrast

9. Color Contrast / Content

10. Color Contrast

11. Proper Coding

12. Interactions

13. Content

14. Organization

15. Organization

16. Alternative Text

17. Who are we Designing for?

18. The Focus of Development: The “Typical”
80 Percentile

19. Who is in the
80 percentile Range?

20. The Typical
• They are smart and can figure the tool out
• They are experts in their domain
• They had training on the application
• Experts don’t need guidance with the tool!

21. Who is in the Remaining 20 Percentile?

22. Who are these Fringe Cases?

23. Are These the Extremes?

24. How do We Determine
the Extremes?

25. Human Factors
Physical
Ergonomics
Cognitive
Ergonomics
Organizational
Ergonomics
• Size
• Age
• Strength
• Sensory Limitations
• Mobility
• Workload
• Experience
• Knowledge
• Training
• Attitude
• Mental/Emotional
States:
• Loyalty
• Trust
• Weather
• Workspace
• Location
• Inside/Outside
• Shift
• Lighting

26. Physical Ergonomics

27. Strength
Low
• Pregnant Women
• Weak Limbs
• People with Illnesses
• People with Physical
Disabilities
• Athletic Individuals
• Industrial Workers
• Physical Trainers
• People who Exercise
High

28. Responsive Design
• Easy to carry around
• Information at fingertips
• Ability to customize
• Accessibility Settings
• Responsive

29. Cognitive Ergonomics

30. Workload
Sub-optimal
• In a hurry
• Under pressure
• Life/death matters
• Unforeseen circumstances
• Physical constraints
• Plenty of time
• Relaxed environment
• Comfortable schedule
• Normal circumstances
• No physical constraints
Perfect!

31. Workload

32. Knowledge
Novice
• New Hires (-2 yrs. exp.)
• New to the Domain
• People with Disabilities (PWD)
• Young travelers
• Language – Immigrants
• Employees (5+ yrs. exp.)
• Technology/Domain Buffs
• People with Disabilities
• Frequent Travelers
• Language – Natives
Expert

33. Trust
Doubtful
• Confusing presentation
• Unclear behaviors/patterns
• Lack of guidance
• Unclear labels
• Unintuitive process
• Unnecessary forced marches
• Error prone
• No helpful error handling
• Intuitive layout/presentation
• Clear instructions/guidelines
• Easy to navigate
• Easy to complete tasks
• No unwanted deviations
• Error proof
Confident

34. Messaging

35. Time
Express
• Executives
• Business travelers
• Analysts
• People in health industry
• Educators
• Single parents
• Caregivers
• PW cognitive constraints
• Researchers/seekers
• Leisure travelers
• Future analysts
• New employees
• Technology Buffs
• People with disabilities
Explore

36. Organizational Ergonomics

37. Weather
Good
• Travelers
• Analysts
• Operators
• ER Staff
• Caregivers
• People with Disabilities
• Operations Agents
• Analysts
• Travelers/Commuters
• ER Staff
• Caregivers
• People with Disabilities
Disruptive

38. Shifts / Frequency
Occasional
• Once every few months
• A couple of times a year
• Once a year
• Every day
• 1+ Day(s) a week
• Multiple days a week
Frequent

39. Solutions

40. Where Should We Start?

41. Empathy
leadsto
innovation.

42. What if We Focused on The 20 Percentile?
• Novice/Intern
• Infrequent User
• Disabled User
• Expert User
• Avid fan
• Pro Athlete

43. Including Extremes Will Satisfy All
• Novice/Intern
• Infrequent User
• Disabled User
100%
• Expert User
• Avid fan
• Pro Athlete

44. Journey Maps:
Happy Path
Error Path
Misuse/Abuse

45. Design
Problem Solving

46. Impressions become Memories!
Solving the right problem? Affordable?
Easy to use? Easy to adopt?
Do the users “want” this design?
Efficacy
Desirability
Usability

47. User Interface
=
How a human and a
computer system interact

48. How are we communicating?
What are we communicating?

49. In Summary

50. Social Model of Disability
The social model of disability identifies systemic barriers,
negative attitudes and exclusion by society (purposely or
inadvertently) that mean society is the main contributory
factor in making people with impairments be unable to
participate fully in society. While physical, sensory,
intellectual, or psychological variations may cause individual
functional limitation or impairments, these do not necessarily
have to lead to disability unless society fails to take account of
and include people regardless of their individual differences.

51. We all experience temporary
constraints and disabilities!
Designing for Extremes
removes barriers for Everyone!

52. Make the Extremes
Mainstream!

53. Q&A