This document discusses the design of a water supply distribution network for Vellore, India. It begins by outlining the methodology, which includes understanding the existing network, collecting population data from the past 5 decades to calculate present and future water demand, and planning a new network to meet future needs. Population and water demand data for Vellore is presented, showing steady growth over time. Three methods for projecting future populations in 2040 and 2050 are analyzed: arithmetical increase, incremental increase, and geometric increase. Based on these projections, future water demands in 2040 and 2050 are estimated to be 114.5 MLD and 145.625 MLD respectively. A timeline for completing the project is also included.

1. WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORK OF
VELLORE
• )

2. • INTRODUCTION
A large amount of money is invested around the world to provide piped water
supply facilities. Even then, an enormous population of the world is suffering by
inadequate water supply system. Approximately 80% to 85% of the cost of a
total water supply system is contributed toward water transmission and the
water distribution network. This component include the determination of daily
water demand and population forecasting within design period of water supply
system.

3. • OBJECTIVE
Design of Water Supply Distribution Network of Vellore.

4. • METHODOLOGY
For the plan of new water supply network of any area, the existing water supply system of that
area must be known. So, that duplication of work will be eliminated and we can know the
existing condition.
To calculate the water demand of that area, we need to collect the population data from the
past 5 decades.
Calculate both the present water demand and future water demand.
As per government norms of daily requirement of people, a new water supply network is to be
planned for future water demand. And this can be done by modifying the existing water supply
network.
By this a new water supply network is established, which can improve quality of life and
economic well-being of people.

6. • DATA OF VELLORE
The District lies between 12°15’23’’to 13°12'32’’ N Latitude, 78°24’16’’ to
79°54’56’’E Longitude and has an areal extent of 6077 sq.km.
Vellore district can be broadly classified as hilly terrains and plain
regions.
The river Palar is major water source in Vellore.
Normal rainfall in Vellore is about 936.2 mm.
Geological formation: 90% sedimentary rock, 10% hard rock.
Net ground water availability: 592.8*106 m3

7. • POPULATION DATA
107
140
180
258
314
410
488
579
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 2021
Popullation of Vellore in thousand

8. • POPULATION GROWTH RATE EVERY DACADE
YEAR POPULATION (In Thousand) GROWTH RATE (%)
2021 579 1.19
2011 488 1.19
2001 410 1.31
1991 314 1.22
1981 258 1.43
1971 180 1.29
1961 140 1.31
1951 107 0
 From this data, we can conclude that average growth rate is 1.28. Which lies in range of 1.2 to 1.3.

9. • PRESENT WATER DEMAND
Present water demand in Vellore is 115 LPCD.
So the total water demand will be:
= 115 × 579000
= 66585000 Liters
= 66.585 MLD

10. CALCULATION OF
FUTURE POPULATION
FOR 2040 & 2050

11. • ARITHMETICAL INCREASE METHOD
𝑷𝒏 = 𝑷𝒍𝒂𝒔𝒕 + 𝒏 × 𝑰𝒂𝒗𝒈
𝑷𝒍𝒂𝒔𝒕 = 𝑷𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟏 = 579 thousand
𝑰𝒂𝒗𝒈 = Average arithmetic increase = 67.429
𝒏 = No. of decades = 1.9 (for 2040) & 2.9 (for 2050)
∴ 𝑷𝟐𝟎𝟒𝟎 = 579 + 1.9 × 67.429 = 707.114 ≃ 707 thousand
∴ 𝑷𝟐𝟎𝟓𝟎 = 579 + 2.9 × 67.429 = 774.543 ≃ 775 thousand

12. Year Population (In thousands) Arithmatic Increase
1951 107
1961 140 33
1971 180 40
1981 258 78
1991 314 56
2001 410 96
2011 488 78
2021 579 91

13. • INCREMENTAL INCREASE METHOD
𝑷𝒏 = 𝑷𝒍𝒂𝒔𝒕 + 𝒏 × 𝑰𝒂𝒗𝒈 + 𝒏 ×
(𝒏+𝟏)
𝟐
× 𝑰𝑰𝒂𝒗𝒈
𝑷𝒍𝒂𝒔𝒕 = 𝑷𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟏 = 579 thousand
𝑰𝒂𝒗𝒈 = Average arithmetic increase = 67.429
𝑰𝑰𝒂𝒗𝒈 = Average incremental increase = 9.667
𝒏 = No. of decades = 1.9 (for 2040) & 2.9 (for 2050)
∴ 𝑷𝟐𝟎𝟒𝟎 = 579 + 1.9 × 67.429 + 1.9 ×
(𝟏.𝟗+𝟏)
𝟐
× 9.667 = 733.746 ≃ 734 thousand
∴ 𝑷𝟐𝟎𝟓𝟎 = 579 + 2.9 × 67.429 + 2.9 ×
(𝟐.𝟗+𝟏)
𝟐
× 9.667 = 829.208 ≃ 829 thousand

14. Year
Population (In
thousands)
Arithmatic
Increase
Incremental
Increase
1951 107
1961 140 33
1971 180 40 7
1981 258 78 38
1991 314 56 -22
2001 410 96 40
2011 488 78 -18
2021 579 91 13

15. • GEOMETRIC INCREASE METHOD
𝐥𝐧(𝑷𝒇𝒖𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒆) = 𝐥𝐧(𝑷𝒍𝒂𝒔𝒕) + 𝑰𝑮𝒂𝒗𝒈 × (𝒕𝒇𝒖𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒆 − 𝒕𝒍𝒂𝒔𝒕)
Where, 𝐼𝐺𝑖 =
ln 𝑃2− ln 𝑃1
𝑡2−𝑡1
; 𝐼𝐺𝑎𝑣𝑔 = 𝑖=0
𝑥 𝐼𝐺𝑖
𝑥
= average geometric growth rate
𝑷𝒍𝒂𝒔𝒕 = 𝑷𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟏 = 579 thousand
𝑰𝑮𝒂𝒗𝒈= 0.0241
𝐥𝐧(𝑷𝟐𝟎𝟒𝟎) = 𝐥𝐧 𝟓𝟕𝟗 + 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟒𝟏 × (𝟐𝟎𝟒𝟎 − 𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟏)
∴ 𝑷𝟐𝟎𝟒𝟎 = 915.621 ≃ 916 thousand
𝐥𝐧(𝑷𝟐𝟎𝟓𝟎) = 𝐥𝐧 𝟓𝟕𝟗 + 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟒𝟏 × (𝟐𝟎𝟓𝟎 − 𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟏)
∴ 𝑷𝟐𝟎𝟓𝟎 = 1165.392 ≃ 1165 thousand

16. Year Population (In thousands) Geometric rate of growth
1951 107
1961 140 0.0269
1971 180 0.0251
1981 258 0.0360
1991 314 0.0196
2001 410 0.0267
2011 488 0.0174
2021 579 0.0171

17. • POPULATION FORECAST
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
2021 2040 2050
Popolation
in
Thousand
Arithmatic Increse Method Incremental Increase Method Geometric Increase Method

18. • FUTURE WATER DEMAND
Future water demand in Vellore expecting to be 125 LPCD.
As geometric increase method is most accurate method, future population for
2040 & 2050 should be considered as 916 thousand & 1165 thousand respectively
So the future water demand will be:
In 2040
= 125 × 916000
= 114.5 MLD
In 2050
= 125 × 1165000
= 145.625 MLD

19. 66.585
114.5
145.625
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
2021 2040 2050
WATER DEMAND (MLD) COMPARISON

27. • TIME FRAME
S.
No
Work
Feb
21
Feb
28
Mar
7
Mar
14
Mar
21
Mar
28
May
2
May
9
May
16
May
23
May
30
June
7
1. Discussion of topic
2. Collecting articles and journals
3. Preparing Literature review and PPT
4. Review 1
5. Collecting Maps, Population Data
6. Preparing Methodology, PPT
7. Review 2
8. Calculating future population
9. Modify existing map, making PPT
10. Review 3

28. • CONCLUSION
•Water is one of the important requirement for human life.
•So, providing purified water to everyone in economic way is important.
•Hence water demand analysis made to satisfy the domestic water demand.