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1. Impacts of air
pollution on human
health
Presented by
Dr Jim Miller
James Scarfe (MPH)
March 2020

2. Content
A brief history of air pollution and health research
Air pollution - effects on human health
NZ air quality guidelines and standards
Air quality - Mount Maunganui
Estimates of the health impact
What is the way ahead?

3. A Brief History
of Air Pollution

4. History of air pollution and health
Key milestones
Still to make slide
(Rossman & Zimmerman, 2015)

5. History of air pollution and health
Key milestones
Still to make slide
Number of Publications on Air pollution and Human Health
(Zell et al, 2010)

6. (Pope et al, 2019)

7. Health impacts
of air pollution

8. Source: Public Health England , https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/health-matters-air-pollution/health-matters-air-pollution

9. Source: Public Health England , https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/health-matters-air-pollution/health-matters-air-pollution

10. Source: Public Health England , https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/health-matters-air-pollution/health-matters-air-pollution

11. Standards and
Guidelines

12. Air quality guidelines, standards, and plans
NES Air Quality set a guaranteed minimum level of health
protection for all New Zealand. These standards mandate
that contaminants may not be discharged at levels that
result in concentrations above the standard.
New NES standards are under public consultation
New Zealand Guidelines set limits to promote sustainable
management of the air resource.

13. Air quality guidelines, standards, and plans
WHO Guidelines provide member states with guidance,
based on the scientific evidence, for setting standards
Regional Air Plan and The Natural Resources Plan -
Proposed Plan Change 13 (Air Quality)

14. The Mount
Maunganui
Situation

15. Summary of Monitoring Data for 2019
Pollutant PM10 PM10 SO2 SO2 SO2
Standard/guid
eline
NES NZ Guideline
& WHO
NES NES WHO
Averaging
period
24-hr 1-yr 1-hr 1-hr 10-min
value 50µgm-3 20µgm-3 570µgm-3 350µgm-3 500µgm-3
2019 Total
Exceedances
(excluding exceedances
due to Australian
bushfires)
19 Equalled or
exceeded at
3/7
monitoring
sites
1 4 9

16. Insert source appointment table
PM10 PM2.5 SOx
Tonnes/year % of
total
Tonnes
/year
% of
total
Tonnes/
year
% of
total
Domestic Heating 174 39.3 174 51.6 5 0.5
Motor Vehicles 26 5.9 20 5.9 0.3 0.0
Industry 84 19.0 31 9.2 232 23.5
Small Scale Activities 11 2.5 3 0.9 0.0
Aviation 0 0.0 0 0.0 2 0.2
Rail 1 0.2 1 0.3 0.01 0.0
Shipping 83 18.7 77 22.8 745 75.6
Port Activities 43 9.7 10 3.0 0 0.0
Outdoor burning 22 5.0 22 6.5 1 0.1
Total 443 337 986
Tauranga Air Emission Inventory - 2018

17. Vulnerable
Sites/Populations
in or near the
Mt Maunganui
Air Shed –
Aged care
facilities, ECEs,
schools, Marae

18. Estimated
Health Impacts

19. Estimated Health
Impact of PM10

20. Estimated Health Impact of PM10

21. Additional Evidence of harm
Documented evidence of harm -
medical assessments
Complaints – history of
Pollution hotline
Source: PoT website.

22. How will we
solve this
problem?

23. There is already a model of how the problem can
be approached

24. Conclusions
Air pollution is proven to harm health
This is an air pollution problem in Mount Maunganui
Air quality must improve
There is no need for more health evidence
We need to act now