Magnetic particle testing is a non-destructive testing process used to detect cracks in ferromagnetic materials like steel by exploiting the material's magnetic properties. It works by magnetizing the material and applying iron particles or a wet magnetic solution to the surface so any discontinuities that disrupt magnetic field lines are revealed. Acceptance criteria for straightness of casting bosses in one component specify that no gap is allowed between the boss and connecting surface, and any gap must be less than 1.5 mm to be considered acceptable.