Renaissance Humanism Essay

Renaissance Humanism
Humanism in the Renaissance Humanism was the cultural and intellectual movement that created
mass creativity during the Renaissance. Humanism allowed people to question their world, create
new inventions, invest in new ideas, and relish in their achievements as human beings. The rise of
humanism heavily influenced the arts in the Renaissance, music in particular art. It brought the
awakening of the human mind and spirit. The emphasis on an individual's life is highlighted as a
major ideal of Renaissance music. Music that was once used purely for sacred ritual performance,
was now a source of entertainment and enlightenment; composers started to seek recognition for
their pieces and their contributions to society, and instrumental accompaniment with dance were
new visible concepts founded in the Renaissance founded in the idea of humanism ideals.
Jennifer Summit defines Humanism within the Renaissance as a changing society's outlook on the
world. Humanism was a way people could embrace and question their understandings of human
desires and achievements. "Renaissance humanism challenges long–held ideas about the humanities'
historical origins and meanings." Humanism challenged and questioned the world's understandings
of life, including art. The Humanism appeal to the people during the Renaissance stemmed from the
oppression that came from the Catholic Church during the Medieval Era. Medieval life was heavily
dominated by the church. Everyday was focused on the hope of an
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Renaissance Humanism Research Paper
1.The Renaissance was a period of European history that was a time of great social and cultural
changes in Europe around the fourteenth century. The Renaissance is believed to have stared in
Italy. Around the fourteenth century, the general population in Florence, started to ponder life. They
contemplated the compositions and works of the Greeks and the Romans and came to conclusion
that the earlier people had lived differently. This better approach for believing was called Humanism.
Now individuals suspected that life could be agreeable, and they could have comforts. They began to
feel that individuals ought to be taught things like craftsmanship, music, and science and that these
things could improve the quality of life for everybody. This...show more content...
One of the Renaissance's main architecture was the building of the dome on the Florence Cathedral
by Filippo Brunelleschi. He was the first single person completely responsible for a job. In the
middle ages, cathedrals were completed without a real project just trusting in the experience of all
those working on a site. Brunelleschi won the "Cathedral Vestry Board competition' to complete the
top of the cathedral. Brunelleschi, who was not very well–educated designed an octagonal,
self–supporting dome. He decided to use stone near the bottom of the dome, where the curve was
at a minimum and bricks towards. As Brunelleschi was completing the top of the dome, it became
a challenge to figure out how he would close the dome without bricks falling, they need to be
supported, in order to make this happen, he used a fishbone fashion. The fishbone fashion was used
in Tuscany prior to the building of the dome. The dome was finished in 1434, and then in 1436 a
crowning lantern made of white marble was added, making the total height of the dome 114

In European history, the Renaissance marks the period from 15th and 16th century, more
specifically around 1450 to 1600. The Renaissance marks a time of "rebirth" of human creativity as
well as a time of exploration. Additionally, the Renaissance was a period of individualism, which is
strongly represented through the works of Leonardo da Vinci. In addition, unlike the previous era of
the Medieval Age, the Renaissance did not focus much on the afterlife, but rather embraced this idea
of humanism, which focused on the human and their achievements. This shift in interest from the
religious to the secular is also strongly evident in Renaissance literature and art in that they
concentrated on realism and the life–like representation of the human. During the Renaissance, the
shift from the religious to the secular along with the Protest Reformation led by Martin Luther
brought about a further decrease in the power of the Catholic church. Further, the church was no
longer the center of learning for the invention of the printing around 1450 made books and learning
more accessible to the general population.
There were three major characteristics at this time. First, since people were interested in humanism,
the emphasis on humanistic art, harmony and proportion, exploration of reasonable techniques, and
clear expression. "In humanistic thinking, man becomes the central figure of the universe." (Elders
73) It indicated that the power of church weakened. Second, due to the development

How Did Humanism Influence Renaissance Art
Humanism is the intellectual movement of the Renaissance based on the study of the humanities,
which include grammar, rhetoric, poetry, moral philosophy, and history. Humanities were very
important during the Renaissance and still are today. As the power of the Catholic Church
decreased, many people turned away from religious morality and focused on studies of the liberal
arts to prepare for life. As a result of this, humanism influenced the whole continent of Europe. Along
with literature, art was a very important part of Renaissance culture. With the expansion of
humanism throughout Europe, art became significantly influenced by this movement throughout the
Renaissance. Artists began to make paintings of human bodies and their realities and dramas. Two
main developments affected the result of artistic works. First, artists utilized the laws of perspective
to organize outdoor space and light through geometry. Second, artists portrayed their understanding
of the development of movement and human anatomy through details in the faces and bodies of
figures in their paintings. Three pieces of Renaissance art exhibit a substantial use of humanism: the
Mona Lisa, School of Athens, and The Tribute Money.
The Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci has been renowned as the best known piece of art in the
world. Da Vinci was quite ingenuous, as he was a successful artist, scientist, inventor, and visionary.
He synthesized his background of science with his work in the arts. For example, da

The Importance Of Humanism In The Renaissance
Art, science, and religion build the fundamentals for education. The Renaissance burned with a
fiery passion for new and innovative ideas. The people of Europe strayed from the bleak Medieval
ages full of depression and instead, they saw light in a new beginning. In the 1400s.Not only was
there a cultural change, but there was also a religious change. When the Roman Empire fell, so did
the Roman Catholic Church. With the fast–moving technological growth and decreasing religious
reinforcing, the idea of humanism symbolically represent the Renaissance as a whole. Humanism is
the cultural stress on human nature instead of religious matters or anything supernatural. Three men
who symbolized the ideals of humanism include Michelangelo, Nicolaus Copernicus,and Martin
Luther. Each man questioned his worth and reconstructed himself in his own image, reflected the
impacts of the Renaissance through his works, and strived to accomplish a goal like no other. Art is
culture, and culture is art. In the center of where it all started, Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti
Simoni revolutionized art with his life–like statues as well as his work on the Sistine Chapel.
Though it was seen as a social downgrade, Michelangelo pursued his dreams regardless of society.
His more known works such as the David statue reflect his perfectionism and how precise the human
anatomy was even back then. In the Vatican, he took on a job that engulfed his life for 4 years.
Michelangelo found himself obsessing

Renaissance And Humanism Essay
Before the Renaissance occurred, individuals were expected to devote their lives to the church. They
were more worried about getting to heaven and being forgiven of their sins rather that the world they
are living in. In terms of art before the Renaissance began, it was normally centered around religious
figures or meanings and showed limited techniques. Because of the Renaissance, humanism rose
greatly. Europeans started understanding the world more and being more secular. Humanists sought
a balance between religion and reason. During the Renaissance, new techniques of art were
introduced such as perspective, landscape, balance and proportion, and realism. When these new
techniques were applied to paintings, it made it look more detailed and realistic. William...show more
content...
Because of the scientific revolution, the was a scientific method that was created. Famous
scientists, Copernicus, Galileo, Francis Bacon and Isaac Newton all were a big part of this time
period. Also the examination of the natural laws governing the universe. Isaac Newton was an
English mathematician. The story goes that Newton was sitting under a tree and an apple fell to the
ground next to him. This led him to the theory of gravity. Newton published a book in 1687 called
Principia. It explains that the force of gravity holds the entire solar system together by keeping the
sun and the planets in orbit. Nicolaus Copernicus wrote a book in 1543 called On the Revolution of
the Heavenly Spheres. Copernicus disagreed with Ptolemy's theory saying that the Earth was the
center of the universe, Copernicus believed that that was too complicated. Copernicus developed a
heliocentric theory of the universe. Copernicus stated that the center of the Earth was not the Earth,
but the Sun and that the planets moved in circular paths around the

Humanism: the most influential impact of the Renaissance
Arguably the greatest and longest impacting movement brought about by the forward thinkers of the
Renaissance was humanism. Humanism was a cultural and intellectual movement that emphasized
the human potential to attain excellence through direct study of the literature, art, and civilization of
the classical Greek and Roman societies (Merriam–Webster). The scholars and believers inhumanism
sought to change the course of society away from the narrow pedantry of medieval scholasticism
and utilitarianism. Humanism was a basic desire for every citizen to be able to speak with
eloquence and read and write with clarity, so that common citizens were capable of engaging in the
civic life of their communities (Gray). The movement also emphasized the value of a human being
as well as the importance of rational thought rather than blind faith in spiritualism or superstition. It
also pushed people to explore human desires and pleasures while also enriching their minds. The
influential nature of humanism was far reaching and most notable for its effects on Renaissance art,
literature, architecture, and philosophy.
To begin with, medieval art as well as artists were primarily controlled by the church, with artists
receiving the majority of their patronage through the Catholic church (Abrahams). This is because
artists were not seen as celebrities or of individual importance like they were during the

The Renaissance was remarkable because of the ideas of humanism that proliferated during that
time period. From the humanism movement, many more concepts developed from it, primarily
education and how significant it was. Originally, Renaissance education was fixated on Classical
literature, and it was widely celebrated (Doc 1, Doc 2, Doc 3). Centuries later, it was ridiculed
because it provided no teachings of essential subjects (Doc 5, Doc 6). Renaissance education was
initially deemed important for religious, social, and glorification reasons, but as time advanced, it
was constantly challenged because it was useless to society, taught unnecessary subjects, and only
affected a small fraction of people; as a result, it ultimately failed to survive. At the beginning of the
extensive time period, Renaissance education was regarded as a crucial part of society, but Italian
scholars greatly exaggerated it. Piccolomini, an Italian humanist, wrote of humanism because it was
when the Renaissance was just being introduced and when the movement was at its peak. According
to him, gaining knowledge of the Classical culture is vital because it displays the greatness of man.
The enlightenment of the mind was dependent on the study of philosophy and letters (Doc 1). But if
the greatness of man was only limited to studying literature, then the standards of man's greatness
must be absurdly low. Being given an education that provided a wider range of useful subjects
would be a more

Renaissance And Humanism
During the 14th to the 16th century, the human mind and legal constraints gradually weaken, the
Renaissance emerged in the West. Renaissance laid the foundation of modern Western culture, the
dominant position of the people freed from the ancient Christian tradition, morality gradually
decline. During the Renaissance, keen and respected ancient Greek culture makes a huge change
people's mentality, and the ancient Greek culture is a form of expression and the promotion of such
a change. Unlike the Middle Ages, the Renaissance has a distinct secular spirit, which originated
from the ideas of nature and man, new ideas and new experiences. Medieval Christian tradition of
human long–term "suppress" the lifting of the people in the outside world,...show more content...
Renaissance is not a universal movement, but few humanists and artists activities, but in the
community to create a climate of humanism. This is essentially a pagan humanism, and with the
expansion of its scope increasingly pagan nature. Representative of the humanist religion look very
pale, but they do not admit that he is an atheist. Corrupt and great artistic achievements in the same
time reflects the moral reason why a person who, because they have a common source – extreme
individualism. In political terms, the then State generally established on the basis of violence,
war and intrigue on the control of people's hearts to the country do not agree that the country itself
requires respected rights is illegal, and no one believes the justice of the law . One scholar said,
"We have been on a high degree of personality development; we have exceeded our limit in the
absence of development seem to be the natural moral and religious; we are now light outside the
law because our ruling who are not orthodox legal, but they are bad judges and officials.

The Renaissance and Humanism Essay
The Renaissance and Humanism
You may wonder about, "The Renaissance" and its relationship to another term, "humanism" which
fits into the same time period. If you check the dictionary, you will find that both terms can be used
in a broad sense or more specifically. Humanism refers generally to a "devotion to the humanities:
literary culture." (My definitions come from Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary). According
to that definition we should all be humanists.
The other general meaning is the one that disturbs the fundamentalists who attack secular humanism:
"a doctrine, attitude, or way of life centered on human interests or values; especially a philosophy
that usually rejects supernaturalism and stresses an individual's...show more content...
The more general meaning refers to any movement or period of vigorous artistic and intellectual
activity.
To further confuse us we could ask ourselves how the Reformation and nationalism fit into the
picture. Humanism, the Reformation and nationalism all appear as subheadings in your reading on
the sixteenth century, but are not referred to in the introduction to the early seventeenth century
(although humanism and nationalism existed at that time as well). I believe it is because the intial
impact of humanism, the Reformation and nationalism was felt during the sixteenth century.
In the discussion of humanism on page 396, your text lists the educational goals of scholars who
studied and taught the classics. They steeped themselves in Latin grammar and rhetoric; the latter
was "a rigorous discipline in all the stylistic devices used by classical authors" (397). In other
words, they taught classical literature for the same reasons that I use a College Writing text entitled
From Idea to Essay with sample selections of literature. Those essays supposedly serve as models to
help the freshmen write their six essays during the semester. Most literary scholars would rank the
literature from the Renaissance as some of the best in the English language. If you believe that

Individualism And Humanism In The Renaissance
Jack Woodward
AP Euro/ Period 1
9–1/17
1: One broad theme of this chapter is how individualism and humanism, and shaped the Renaissance.
These beliefs changed and shaped the renaissance because they supported the idea of allowing
individuals to choose their faith in religion and their jobs. For example, the time of humanism and
individualism during the renaissance inspired others such as Plato to teach the best way to define
something and Baldassare Castiglione to write the courtier. It also taught people the importance of
being independent. Before humanism and individualism people believed their lives were
predetermined and it was only working and fighting, because they were told their life was
predetermined and their beliefs were in their blood. People who believed in humanism focused
more on themselves than their previous beliefs in god. This still is relevant today because people
choose their own jobs and religious beliefs as well as not having to praise one god.
2: The Renaissance began around the 1350's because humanism had paved a way to art and the
study of Greek and Roman literature, in Italy. During the middle ages people believed life was
predetermined and they were in no control of their choices. Then suddenly people started to
appreciate the writings and works of Greek and Roman literature because humanists shared their
ideas of freedom through art and literature. The public soon realized that Greeks and Romans had
lived differently in the past. They saw

The Renaissance And Humanism Era
Module twelve is on the study of the Renaissance and Humanism era. The first source I used to
connect Module twelve with this commentary for this discussion post is "Renaissance and
Humanism" from our Instructor Commentary – Module Twelve. This source gives a summary of the
development of the Renaissance Humanism era. This era was considered the "rebirth" due to the
extreme trouble times many people experienced during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. During
this period, the term Humanism came into play. Some of the buzzwords of humanism consisted of
"respect for integrity of fellow humankind, strive for quality and precisions, open channels of
communication, self–realization, and education" (Darty 1–2). The first humanist was Francesco
Petrarch who was a "canon lawyer" and "loved nature and garden". Petrarch had a special interest in
the meaning of words which led him to study rhetoric. (Darty 1–2). It was also led by humanists that
the Renaissance artists began to flourish. Possibly without the interest and ideas of the humanist, the
well–known Michelangelo's statue of David would never have been created. The renaissance and
humanism era brought new excitement and new art into society and changed the sixteenth century
in history. The second source I used for my discussion post is "Voyage from Lisbon to the Island of
Sao Thome (1540) – Anonymous Portuguese Pilot". This source was retrieved from the exploring
sources. This source is

Renaissance Humanism Essay
Many diverse ideas flourished during the European Renaissance which had a lasting impact on the
world. Humanism is a worldview and a moral philosophy that considers humans to be of primary
importance. The aspect of humanism first thrived in 14th century Italy, and later spread north in the
15th century. Initially humanistic ideas about education were quickly adopted by the Italian upper
class. The Italian ideas and attitudes towards life and learning impacted nobility in other parts of
Europe. They were able to accept and adapt to this new lifestyle. Humanism during the Renaissance
helped to spread ideas about the basic nature of human beings, how people should be educated to
become well rounded individuals, and how education impacts an...show more content...
Humanism allowed people to realize that everyone's mind and thoughts were endless; the only
constraint being the imagination. During the Renaissance the aspect of a human's education was
equally important in the creation of well rounded individuals.
The philosophy of humanism exerted a new viewpoint on the educational system. The idea that true
happiness is the result of eternal salvation was introduced by humanist teachers. The Italian poet
Petrarch, delighted in studying the works of Cicero, explained that "when we come to think or speak
of religion, that it, of supreme truth and true happiness, and of eternal salvation, then I am certainly
not a Ciceronian... but a Christian" (doc.5). Education was important in the creation of well rounded
individuals, but humanists believed that religion is the key to true happiness. In addition to their
beliefs about the effects of religion on society, humanists promoted the study of language and
literature to develop strong social skills. This ultimately broadened every aspect of Renaissance
society. Establishing social skills can reward a person with "... the personal satisfaction he will take
in this, in this way he will never want for pleasant entertainment with the ladies who are usually fond
of such things" (doc.4). Although social transformation

Impact On Renaissance Humanism
Humanism, an enlightening and theoretical viewpoint that emphasize the special value of the entity,
as well as the fundamental meaning of human standards while conflicting to spiritual principle, that
was urbanized within Europe in the new beginning. This was predisposed through the lessons of
early Greek along with Latin literature in addition to philosophy ("Humanism" 1). Humanism became
a learning agenda, which was called "The Humanities"; this program had Christian teachings and
secular values. Renaissance humanist were devoted Christians, they had a love for classical antiquity
and also supported and promoted secular values. Humanism is by the way of an answer toward the
absolute corruption of regular practice. The effects of humanism...show more content...
"Desiderius Eramus of the Netherlands was the most prominent of the Christian humanist"
("Humanism" 1). Eramus was famous and known as the prince of Humanist. He wrote the New
Testament in both Greek editions and Latin editions ("Renaissance Humanism"3). "Eramus became
famous all over Europe, living mostly in Holland, England, and Italy. While being compassionate to
Martin Luther's criticism of the Catholic Church, Eramus never forsaken Catholicism ("Renaissance
Humanism"3). "Eramus refused the educational methods of the University of Paris as well as
worked for the enhancement of modern–day civilization by means of criticizing the troubles of the
day judged next to Christian knowledge" ("Humanism" 1). Eramus was born in Rotterdam
Netherlands, in 1466. At nine years old he went to school at Deventar ran by a humanist named
Hegius. Eramus went there and studied theology. Eramus first major was called "Enchiridian Militis
Christian", which came out in 1502. This book was about true religion and piety, while throwing
some criticism at the church. To pursue his studies, Eramus was spurred by poverty to enter a
monastic order in 1486 (Melton 1). Eramus tried to fight for his rights with the churches. Ermaus
argued for reformation, that wouldn't bother the leader of the church. He disagreed with Luther's
excommunication, but Eramus

Renaissance Humanism : The Renaissance
The renaissance is by its definition a rebirth of the classical methods of the ancients (Dictionary.)
Through the study of the text and the artwork that defined this period we are able to see the
transition from a dark, apocalyptic world, to a reinvigorated and bright new era which was
dominated by titan of artistry such as Donatello. Because Italy was so well situated in a land that was
formally the Roman Empire, and its economic links to lands of heavy Greek influence Renaissance
humanism was able to take root and become the leading ideology which drive this remarkable epoch.
Renaissance humanism generated a deeper and more all–embracing appreciation of Greco–Roman
antiquity, it advanced the recovery and uncensored study of the entire body of Greek and Latin
manuscripts and the self–conscience imitation of classical art. Renaissance humanist regarded
classical authorities as the basis for a new appraisal of the role of individual in the world order.
They found that the Greek and Latin classics were a rational guide to the fulfillment of human
potential. Moreover, the Renaissance revival of humanism differed from earlier revivals because it
attracted the interest of border base of the population and not a mere handful of theologians, as was
the case, for instance, in Carolingian or later medieval times (Fiero.) A manifestation of renaissance
humanism is present in the works that the ideology inspired. The promotion of self–glorification and

How Did Humanism Influence The Renaissance
flourished during the Renaissance, bringing religion with it. The main religion that came from
humanism is Christianity, although the churches were mainly Catholic, such as the Roman Catholic
Church which led to the reformation. The beliefs that people have to this day have been followed
through from this time period and the words of the Bible.
Another huge contribution that humanism had on the renaissance was through art. Art has influenced
the world during the renaissance through architecture, the way people were portrayed in the
paintings that were created, and many famous artists and composers as well. During the renaissance,
painters, sculptors and artists based their works around the idea of humanism. They were mainly
around religion

The Impact Of Humanism In The Renaissance
During the Renaissance, a program of study known as humanism, impacted education, art, politics,
and ultimately shaped the Italian Renaissance. Humanism is defined as "a program of study
designed by Italians that emphasized the critical study of Latin and Greek literature with the goal of
understanding human nature." [1] Humanism changed people's views and allowed them to start
portraying people in a more realistic and relatable way. Many artists began to drift away from
religious subjects and instead, began to focus more on individuals and their lives. In addition,
humanism also allowed people to create new architecture that resembled classical constructions.
Humanism impacted many visual arts, which include Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa, Michelangelo's
David, and Filippo Brunelleschi's Dome. The Mona Lisa was painted between 1503 and 1506 by
Leonardo da Vinci, and is one of the most famous paintings in the world today. The painting is a
portrait of Lisa Gherardini, and was painted for her husband, Francesco del Giocondo. Humanism
has impacted this portrait in various ways. Lisa's smile has been described to be so "enigmatic"
[1] that people are still trying to interpret the feelings behind her smile. The painting is greatly
impacted by humanism as it focuses on realism and relatability, allowing Lisa to be portrayed as an
everyday woman with the same flaws and impurities as anyone else. This differs from the Middle
Ages as all people used to be portrayed in such as

Impact Of Renaissance Humanism
3)Renaissance Humanism changed the direction of European culture and civilization in wonderful
ways. There are different definitions of renaissance but the common agreement is that renaissance
here means an area where culture flourished, "a golden age". Burckhardt defines renaissance as a
"man's discovery of himself and his world". Renaissance humanism was a change in the way people
lived their lives after reading greek and roman texts, that encouraged people to want to "work on
perfecting themselves and their family". People also wanted to "give rebirth to art and look back
to the pre christian world" (Seger, Class Lecture 10/17) People were changing their outlooks by
looking beyond what they had been told by the...show more content...
No one had known until now, and this led people to wonder and ask if this was fake, then what else
could be fake? People wanted to find out and wanted to build the church back up again, as they felt
it was their responsibility. WithItaly as the main setting for the renaissance, city states were being
created and "established from feudalism", which is another example of corporatism to
individualism, but instead of going from a collective group to individual, it went from feudalism
and feudal manors to individual city states, which led ordinary people to become more involved
within those city states. City states developed after seeing Greece operate in that way.
Renaissance Humanism also led to a new curriculum , where subjects such as philosophy,
grammar and rhetoric were taught. People wawer eager to learn new things and in 1459, Rosino
established a study center, which was a product of Renaissance Humanism. This was also the first
time where the word natural was ever used in teaching, such as natural philosophy. People were
now being educated and learning about things outside of the church and further away from
teachings based off religion. This connects directly to renaissance as there was a new emphasis on
learning from the past, in order to perfect an individual's life at that time and learning new things in
order to be successful and to be a significant member of society. A significant renaissance figure is
Leonardo, who said, "man is the

Humanism In Renaissance
The late Middle Ages were a time of creative fragmentation and new synthesis. The Renaissance,
which take place between 1300 and 1700, was a time for education and experimentation. The
fifteenth century saw an unprecedented demand for quality education and art and scholarly
renaissance. Italian and northern humanists recovered classical knowledge and languages that set
education reforms and cultural changes in motion that spread throughout Europe in the fifteenth and
sixteenth centuries.
Humanism is defined differently depending on who you are asking. Some see the Renaissance as an
educational movement driven by a philosophy that stressed the dignity of humankind, individualism,
and secular values. Others say, humanists were actually the champions of Catholic Christianity,
opposing the pagan teaching of ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle and the Scholasticism that
poured out of his writings. But the most accurate definition is, humanism was a neutral form of
empirical–minded historical scholarship adopted to promote political liberty and a sense of civic
responsibility. In simpler terms, it is the belief that all people have the ability to contribute to the
betterment of society.
Humanism influenced literature and poetry to flourish! The first humanists were orators and poets
who wrote original literature in both classical and vernacular languages. Humanism also created
jobs! Humanists were given the opportunity to teach rhetoric in the universities, and when they were

Renaissance Research Paper
The Renaissance wasn't a place, even though it was born in Italy, it was a state of mind, or rather
change of mind. The Renaissance grew from those who survived the Dark Ages and Black Death
when people thought fate ruled life and there was little hope for change. The people wanted new
reasons to live. The intellectuals of the Byzantine Empire left for Italy, a long time trading partner,
and brought with them ancient classical texts that Europeans thought were gone forever. The foreign
influx with their treasures caused a clash that created a rebirth, a renewed interest in the old. Without
the printing press, the Renaissance wouldn't have transformed the world in such a dramatic way.
Print made ancient manuscripts official. Print changed how...show more content...
Letter writing was one of the most favoured and versatile literary genres of the Renaissance with
both private and political affairs, scholarly and philosophical enquiry printed by hand. Renaissance
humanism also gave birth to the essay, a form of writing still used today, the perfection of what a
well–written and well–structured piece of writing should look like. From the art of public speaking
to letter writing, knowing how to express oneself was paramount to humanists. The Renaissance was
a period of secularism, of questioning the bible and the teachings of religion. This was a period when
Europe began to open up to new perspectives and question the old ways. Renaissance humanism was
the midpoint between medieval supernaturalism and the modern scientific and critical attitude. This
is the period when the seed of modernism was sown. People in this time lived between two worlds,
faith and reason. Dantes world view achieved prominent visibility at the same time as Copernicus
views made their way into print. Nonsense and truth side by side in the printing world right from the
start. Scientific data collection was born with printing. Copernicus compared the ideas and data of
Ptolemy, Artistotle and others and noted their errors and inconsistencies and published "De
Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium." Without the printing press, Nicolas Copernicus manuscript
might have been

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