Farm Pond Water Quality Testing

Farm Pond Water Quality Testing
Memorandum
To: Town of Framingham
From: Michael Baldwin
Date: October 17, 2015
Subject: Farm Pond water quality testing
Introduction:
My name is Michael Baldwin, I am a senior at Framingham State University where I am studying
environmental science. The ecology class at the university was recently tasked with collecting water
quality data on Farm Pond. This memo intends to inform the town of Framingham of the data that
was collected, and how it might be analyzed to better understand the water quality and ecosystem
health of Farm Pond as it relates to recreational use.
Methods:
In order to assess the water quality of Farm Pond the class collected a variety of data. The class was
broken into groups which collected multiple types of data from different parts of the pond. Data was
collected from both littoral (area shallow enough for rooted vegetation) and limnetic (area too deep
to support rooted vegetation) zones in the pond.
In the littoral zone three groups collected data on water temperature, pH, water depth and biota.
Sampling was done along three transects, where samples were taken at 1,2,3 and 4 meters from
shore.
Water pH was measured using standard pH paper as well as an electronic pH meter. Water
temperature was measured using a thermometer. Water depth was physically measured. Biota data
included the percentage of vegetative coverage in sample plots which was measured visually. In
addition, samples of benthic macro–invertebrates were taken using a net drag
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What Is Comfort Zone Essay
Comfort zone is a situation where one feels safe and at ease. It is a type of behaviour that keeps us at
a steadily Low anxiety level. Something that we do all the time, like taking the bus to school,
watching television programmes and checking out social media platforms are part of our comfort
zones. These everyday activities that we are used to will not make us feel anxious and uneasy. We
like to stay in our comfort zone even though we are bored of being in the comfort zone. When we
see the struggle that others go through to achieve something in life , we will be scared of the
numerous challenges that we may face. However, it is important that we leave our comfort zone for
self improvement so as to achieve success.
Getting out of our comfort zone is crucial and it will benefit us. One of the benefits is that we will
find it easier to push our boundaries in the future. Once we start stepping out of our comfort zone, it
gets easier to learn new skills and gain new knowledge over time. To illustrate my point, in order to
communicate with my Korean classmate, I tried learning Korean. Although we could communicate
in English, I challenged ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Last year, I decided to read a book a moth. This is because reading will increase my vocabulary,
helping me to express myself as well as being more open to new ideas and perspectives . When I did
not really understand what the text is talking about, I did some research so that I could fully
understand the story. Besides that, in order to remember the words which I had newly encountered, I
wrote down Nee words into my notebook and reviewed then when I was free. Undeniably, reading
helps me brainstorm , see old problems in a new light and tackle the challenges we face with energy.
From my experience, the more widely read I am , the more nee , creative ideas I have and the better
my writing skills

Pollution Is An Influential Factor On The Diversity Of The...
Claire Michaud Abstract: Butternut creek is located in an area within an urban environment,
however the presence of certain pollution intolerant invertebrates, lead to the conclusion that
pollution was not an influential factor on the diversity of the stream. Introduction: The ecology of
Butternut creek's stream community was studied. Streams are linear and typically have one direction
of flow. They also are dynamic systems which means the environment is constantly changing.
Streams have channel features called riffles and pools. Pool–riffle channels are known to have
moderate to low gradients and are located in gravel bed streams. Riffles are typically formed by the
deposition of gravel bars. They are shallower and have higher velocities than pools (Allan). Pools
are known to be a depression in the undulating streambed and they are deeper than riffles (Allan).
Pools are deep and slow moving while riffles are shallow and fast moving. These two habitats can
also hold different organisms that are specific to either or. Data was collected under the 481
overpass and exhibited good examples of pool and riffle habitats. The pool habitat measured, was
located under a bridge, and the riffle habitat measured was located further down stream. The
Blacknose dace and White sucker were used to compare the diversity between the pool and riffle
habitats. Based on the different habitat conditions of fast moving riffles and slow moving pools, its
hypothesized that there will be a

Essay about Rocky Shore Investigation
Rocky Shore Investigation
Null Hypothesis:
There is no pattern to the distribution of organisms over a rocky shore.
Variables:
Factors that affect the distribution of organisms over an area of shoreline are:
· The depth of water which may cover an organism at high tide.
· How resistant an organism in the littoral zone is to dessication.
· How efficiently an organism can conserve water.
· The proximity and availability of nutrition.
Stations ========
I think that stations 1 – 4 are in the sub–littoral zone of the rocky shore.
Stations 5 – 12 are in the mid–littoral zone.
Stations 13 – 15 are in the splash zone.
I know this through observation ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Also they may not inhabit zones 13, 14 and 15 because there is nothing for them to feed on there.
Limpets were most common in stations 9 – 12, therefore we can deduce that the predominate
seaweeds here are what they mainly feed on. The species of seaweeds in these stations were mainly
Fucus vesiculosus, Ceramium and Lithothamnion. My research tells me that juvenile limpets are
brought up in the Lithothamnion, therefore we can presume that this is where they like to graze. Out
of Lithothamnion, Fucus vesiculosus and Ceramium the limpet population follows Lithothamnion
availability the best. Also, the limpets are perhaps the most well–adapted of all the marine snails for
a life on the exposed rock surfaces. Each limpet has its own 'home' – an exact spot on the rock

where it stays when the tide is out. On soft rock, the limpet grinds it with its shell to make an exact
fit; on hard rock, the shell is ground down to fit the rock's shape. This tight fit allows the limpet to
trap a spoonful of water inside to stop it drying up. A strong foot muscle gets a firm grip on the rock,
making it difficult for birds to prise off the limpet.
The periwinkles (Melarhaphe neritoides) on the shore are much more spaced out and were found in
every quadrat bar one. They were also in abundance in the mid–littoral zone in quadrat 9 with a
number of 25. Periwinkles, when

Best Features Of The Apple Watch
Best Features of the Apple Watch Introduction Innovation and ingenuity are pertinent to the success
of any modern piece of technology. Maintaining viability requires thinking outside the box and
linking usefulness with modernism; making it appeal to the target market. In an effort to maintain its
claim in today's modern marketplace, Apple Inc has released another novel innovation; The Apple
Watch. Unveiled in September 2014 with the iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus, this newest piece of
technology has been dubbed the watch of the century. It's highly anticipated release promises
competition for its fashionable rival; the Moto 360 and reviews to date indicate it is expected to
deliver. Its official release is scheduled for early 2015 and will ... Show more content on
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As a standard in Apple devices, there is seamless integration, which sees all your data being easily
distributed and accessed on your Apple watch as on other iOS devices. 3. Synchronizes This new
novelty beams messages and updates from the more popular social media sites such as Facebook. It
mitigates the need to regularly check other mobile devices for notifications as they come right to the
watch. 4. Compatibility The compatibility with the newer Apple devices means the iPhone or iPad
can remain concealed, whether in a bag or pocket and still be conveniently at hand through this
device. 5. Shape It has been designed with a classic rectangular design, softened out by the
integration of rounded edges, a single button and a knob. The placement of the button makes it an
easy controller for the device. 6. Time Keeping and More This new phenomenon will move beyond
keeping excellent time. It also maintains the time and dates that are pertinent in your life for each
day e.g. Reminding you of the anniversary dinner and your child's ballet recital. This again is done
on the screen of the watch, which reminds you without distracting you too much from any other
activity that you may be engaged in. 7. Time Detection The Apple Watch was designed to
continually check and align its time with the definite global time found in GPS satellites. It has the
design capabilities to adjust for daylight savings time without any adjustments by the consumer; it
simply does the work for you. This

Impact Of Oil On The Ecology Of Stradbroke Island
LY, Hieu
Corinda State High School
Rocky Shores
Grade 12 Biology – Impacts of Oil on the Ecology of Stradbroke Island
Contents
1.0 Introduction 3
1.1 Rocky Shore Ecology 3
1.2 Organisms and Species Distribution 3
1.3 Threat of Oil spillage in Queensland 4
2.0 Discussion – The impacts of oil spills 5
2.2 The Conservation of the Shores 5
2.3 Effect on Abiotic Factors 5
2.4 Effect on Biotic Factors 5
2.5 Evaluation 6
3.0 Recommendations 7
4.0 Conclusion 7
5.0 Appendices 8
Appendix A: 8
Appendix B: Abiotic Factors Table 9
Appendix C: Abiotic Factors Graphs 9
6.0 Bibliography 11
Rocky Shores Ecosystems
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Rocky Shore Ecology
Rocky shores are found along shorelines and are situated in intertidal zones where the ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
These extreme factors contribute to create a highly biodiverse ecosystem (Bamfield Marine Sciences
Centre, 2013).
The variations of tidal levels have created different degrees of sun and air exposure that have
resulted in three zones, generally, the supra–littoral zone, littoral zone and the sub–littoral zone (See

Appendix A, Figure 3). Diverse animal and plant organisms excel at surviving and dealing with
different degrees of abiotic and biotic factors and as a result the rocky shore ecosystem is comprised
of a series of bands known as vertical, or in this instance, intertidal zonation (See Appendix A,
Figure 1). Abiotic stresses such as light intensity and wave action typically set the upper boundaries
where as biotic stresses set the lower boundaries and limit the distribution of many organisms to
particular strata (See Appendix A, Figure 2). It is due to the species distribution among the different
zones that the rocky shore ecosystems cannot be defined as a uniform habitat, rather a dynamic and
complex one (Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre, 2013).
1.2 Organisms and Species Distribution
The Sublittoral is the region of the ocean below the low tide limit and extends all the way to the
edge of the continental shelf. This zone is submerged permanently despite the turn of the tides and
the intra/interspecific competition for space is extreme. Organisms in this region rarely experience
intense sun or air exposure and organisms such as blue

Physiognomies In Nudgee Beach Zonation
Zonation is the distribution of animals and plants into specific zones according to abiotic factors and
characterised by its dominant species [15]. Mangrove zonation is the distinguishable categorisation
of a mangrove ecosystem that extends from shore to inland regions. Definitive spatial variation of
mangrove species has been recognised amongst different ecosystems worldwide and is accredited as
being influenced by abiotic and environmental factors [16]. In Eastern Australia, the majority of
mangrove forests may be divided into landward, middle and seaward zones, based off of their
placement in relation to tidal position. The following points represent the typical physiognomies
characterised by mangroves in their corresponding zones:
– Landward ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At Nudgee Beach, erosion was found to have occurred on the edges of the mangrove forest and
along the mudflat shorelines. Erosion is typically influenced by natural factors and occurs when
pieces of weathered rock or soil are moved – typically by wind and water – from one place to
another. Shorelines with lots of sediment and sand are more inclined to be effected by erosional
progression. Erosion may also be provoked and accelerated by human interference. For example, if
the decision to clear trees and plants from an area is made, erosion is likely to occur as the root
systems of plants work to hold the soil in place. If these root systems are removed and erosion does
occur, environmental conditions – such as; landslides and flooding – are more likely to take place.
Erosion may also cause other plants to tip over, have their underground roots exposed and damaged
and contribute to the pollution of local waters; as a result of mud and soil runoff [26]. Erosion at
Nudgee Beach was likely to have been influenced by natural factors; however, the development and
extension of the Kedron Brook golfing course may contribute to the acceleration of erosional
processes and further damage the mangrove

The Importance Of Perseverance
"Perseverance is failing 19 times then succeeding the 20th time" Julie Andrews. This means that you
are going to hit many bumps in the road but there is always times where you can push through and
make the most of their life. As defined by Dictionary.com perseverance is a "steady persistence in a
course of action, a purpose, a state, etc., especially in spite of difficulties, obstacles, or
discouragement." The synonyms are "Dedication" , " Determination" , and "Diligence". The
antonyms for this word are "Apathy", "Cowardice" , and "Weakness" . This is important because
people need to persevere to get through life's tough challenges and make the most of it even when
times are tough. In the real world this looks like people trying to get through the day even though
money is tight. This doesn't not look like people just sitting around not doing anything to try to help
themselves if they don't have job. The first example where perseverance is shown is that when in the
book Glory Road Coach Don Haskins was scrimmaging at college and he is left in all day with no
breaks. Later when he got home he took off his sock and the skin on the ball of his foot fell off
because he ran so much. The next day he goes to the athletic trainer's room and tapes the skin back
on his feet. The second example where perseverance is shown is when the Japanese–Americans
were persecuted during WWII based on their nationality and people lost their jobs, businesses, and
were left with nothing and were

Summary Of The Littoral Zone By Andrea Barrett
A man and a woman begin an extramarital affair, divorce their spouses, and marry each other. Will
their love story have a happy ending? If one were a hopeless romantic, perhaps the answer to that
question would be yes. However, by calling upon one's own human experience, a different, much
more accurate conclusion can be drawn. For example, discovering a connection with another person
can be an exciting reprieve from a mundane life, but when the novelty of the situation wears off, one
can be left uncertain of whether or not the choices made were the right ones. In her short story "The
Littoral Zone," Andrea Barrett illustrates just such circumstances through the art of mimetic
storytelling, making this work of fiction highly realistic in terms ... Show more content on
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Regarding Jonathon and Ruby, Barrett provides the following: "...they remind themselves that they
were young then and are middle–aged now, and that their fierce attraction would naturally ebb with
time," and to some extent, this is true (89–90). As two people grow and become more acquainted
with one another, it is easy to become complacent in the day to day aspects of the relationship.
However, dwelling upon the past can exacerbate such discontent as well, which is why "neither likes
to think about how much of the thrill of their early days together came from the obstacles they had
to overcome" (90). After all, going down that rabbit hole would pose the question of whether or not
they still would have ended up together had the circumstances under which they met been different.
Instead, "...alone in the house, they sit quietly near each other and struggle to conceal their
disappointments" all the while thinking that "all they have lost in order to be together would seem
bearable had they continued to feel the way they felt on the island"

Essay On Personal Narrative
Personal Narrative
I walked out of the locker room and stepped onto the ice in Valley City to start the game for third
place in state. Once my team and I were all on the ice we started doing our warm ups. Soon the
buzzer goes off telling us we are done with the warm ups and we all skate to the bench.
"Alright guys, this is our last game, don't leave anything out there. Just go out and try your hardest
and we will head home with a third place trophy. Ethan, John, Emerson, Troy, and Grant will start
the game with Brennan in net. Bring it in, Ethan you take it." Mitch, our coach, said.
"Stampede on three, one, two, three!" Ethan, our captain, yelled.
"Stampede!" the rest of our team all yelled. The rest of the period went by fast with each team
scoring once, we all met up at our bench again so our coach could talk to us.
"You guys are playing good and getting pucks to the net. Keep it up physically and more pucks will
end up in the back of the net. Brennan you're playing great, keep it up. John, Troy, Emerson, Ethan,
and Jacob will be starting this period," Mitch told us. We all leave the bench to go skate around, I'm
talking to Troy, my defensive partner, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Mitch talks to us and send us me out there to start the OT period which is 4 on 4. We win the faceoff
and bring it down into their zone, we are passing it around and shooting but Minot can't get the puck
out of the zone. It gets passed up to me at the point and I have an open lane so I skate it up to the
tops of the circle before I fire a wrist shot that goes top right corner right past the goalie's glove and
into the back of the net. Me team pours over the bench and tackles me and then proceeds to dogpile
on top of me. We get presented the trophy and take our pictures before heading to the locker room
when Mitch gives us a long end of the season speech. We all then proceed to load up the bus and
head

Scarywood Descriptive Speech
Justin Miller Ms. Hall English 101 20 October 2017 Scarywood Evil laughter of deranged creepy
clowns and dreadful loud shrieks of terrified children fill the air. The scent of tasty caramel, sweet
cotton candy, and beloved pieces of halloween candy swim through your nostrils. Intense feelings of
goosebumps run up your spine as you peek around corners. The sight of broken dolls blankly staring
at you and flesh hungry zombies strike your eyeballs and gives you a sense of shock. If you are
experiencing any of these feelings, you must be at Scarywood! This chilling event is an "add–on"
from the original thrill ride, Silverwood. Scarywood however, has all of the log rides and roller
coasters that Silverwood has but with a twisted change. Halloween themed, Scarywood is designed
to scare the jeans off your legs while at the same time give you a lasting memory with friends and
family that you will never forget. Every year this bone chilling event happens, it is always a hit.
People from all ages have a fantastic time, but if you are 13 and under it is recommended that you
come with an adult. Open every Thursday through Saturday, from October 5th to October 28th,
Scarywood offers an array of fun for everyone. On Thursdays, they are open from 7pm to 11pm.
However on Fridays and Saturdays, they do not close until midnight! Ticket pricing is very
accommodating usually ranging from 30–40 dollars depending on the day. You can also stay across
the street from scarywood in their After Dark RV Park. Eight people are allowed per site and
although it is a little bit more expensive it is definitely worth the extra cost. The pricing is dependent
upon what kind of tent or trailer you have, typically ranging from 35–60 dollars per night. Fire pits
and free wifi are included with your stay at the RV Park. If you are planning to stay in the park you
must check in by 1pm and check out by 10am of the day you decide to leave. Now onto the
attractions! Scarywood breaks down their main attractions into three parts, haunts, scare zones, and
rides. Haunts are separate buildings inside the park, each with their own theme. "3DEMENTIA" is a
gigantic 3D walk through that features intense audio, disorienting and dizzying visuals, and profane

The Beauty of Acadia National Park in Maine
Acadia National Park Acadia National Park is one of the most beautiful parks in the United States.
There are mountains, hiking trails, beaches, and camp ground that make people love to visit the
park. A lot of people travel to Maine just to visit the park. This is the center of most activities in
Maine. Acadia National Park is located in Augusta, Maine. It is in the town of Bar Harbor. The park
covers most of the Island Mount Desert. It covers more than120 miles or 49,000 acres. The park also
includes Schoodic Peninsula, Isle au Hut, and other islands. Acadia National Park only covers the
state of Maine. The borders of the park do not cross over into another state. Acadia is the fifth
smallest national park, but it is one of the top ten most visited national parks. It is the oldest
National park east of the Mississippi River. In 1919, Acadia National Park was named Lafayette
National Park. The name was changed in 1929. January 19, 1929 Acadia was name the third
National park. Acadia National Park was established to protect the areas of Maine's rock bound
coast, its coastal line and offshore islands. The park is characterized by the geologic features, natural
history, native plant and animal life. The government protects every acre of Acadia for future
generations to preserve the nature. The park was formed five hundred million years ago. Settlers
used to explore and live at Acadia National Park. Two million years ago Acadia was blanketed by
New

Why I Should Be Chosen As A Staff Member
What is your IGN?: My IGN is currently "Lunchables" How old are you?: I am currently 14 years of
age. Current rank: The current rank I have at this moment is the default rank. Do you have a
microphone?: Yes I indeed do, I have a professional microphone. [Blue Yeti] What country do you
live in?: The country that I live in is the United States of America. What timezone do you live in?:
The TimeZone I am in now is: Eastern Standard Time. What languages do you speak fluently?: For
right now I can only speak English fluently, but I am learning Spanish in my classes that I take at
school. Do you use Skype?(Don 't post it here): I do use skype. What can you bring to the Staff
team?: I think I should be chosen as a staff member because I am determined in everything I do. I
am very mature and know how to help people out in TeamSpeak and in game also. I am very good at
screensharing. If a Trial–Mod or any staff member needs help with screensharing I could give them
some tips. Secondly I can overall just punish hackers, spammers, and rule breakers. I can always be
active and I can record any bans if needed too. I am very good at moderating servers. I have a
YouTube channel with 1,000 subscribers and I record a staff series on there. I am very good at what
I do. I can handle situations in TeamSpeak with maturity and respect. I am very dedicated as a staff
member and can help out anyone in need. When I am a staff member I do NOT want it for fame and
power. But what I do want it

Anthropogenic Pollution : And Around Bamfield British...
Anthropogenic Pollution Bioindicators in and Around Bamfield British–Columbia Introduction
Dating back hundreds and hundreds of years ago, the act of dumping into waters has been practiced
without any thought into the possible damages this could inflict on the ecology of the marine life
present. The dumping of garbage and sewage in these waters is detrimental to the species that
inhabit it, it can destroy their habitat, and it can destroy themselves as organisms (Chenery AM. et
al. 2005). Since these organisms are usually fully submerged in these waters, there is nothing
protecting them from being surrounded by polluted waters that could potentially harm them. For the
past couple of decades though, and in many areas of the world, people have begun to notice and
understand these problems and have begun setting out laws and required permits to do anything
remotely close to dumping in waters (Chenery AM. et al. 2005). However, this is only but a single
step in a process working towards cleaning and keeping both oceans, and in–land bodies of water,
including their organisms, safe from human waste. With the vast diversity of pollutants being
introduced to these waters, it is becoming more and more difficult to analyze and identify the exact
effects each pollutant has on the water quality as well as the organisms living in them (Howe and
Clark, 2014). Scientists, though, have discovered new ways of identifying these negative effects the
pollutants have by analyzing certain

Intertidal Cellular Study
Materials and methods The rocky intertidal zone of bailey's cottage, False Bay, South Africa (Figure
1) was divided into four zones, namely; Sublittoral, Lower Balanoid, Upper Balanoid and littorina
zone. Three random quadrats were sampled within each zone (due to a shortage of quadrats one
quadrat was repeatedly used for all the zones). The study site was visited only once due to certain
constraints. On the day of sampling the prevailing weather conditions was pleasant, with a partly
cloudy sky and a maximum temperature of 17ºC with a swell ranging from 1–2ft. Sampling was
carried out during the spring low tide; this along with the expected wave height allowed access to all
four zones. In every quadrat, percentage cover of all sessile ... Show more content on
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The identification of organisms was done in situ were possible, when doubt overruled, the
specimens was collected in a plastic bag and taxonomic identification was carried out in the
laboratory. Certain physical environmental factors were observed but for the purpose of this
assignment it will not be discussed but only mentioned. The intertidal zone is known to experience
frequent disturbances from exposure to high temperature during low tide, high wave action and
various other human activities, concern should be taken to keep away from creating disturbances or
undo stress that may affect settlement of the organisms, for example the lifting of rocks in rock
pools. The data recorded was analyzed using MS Excel, simple histograms are generated to present
species evenness, species abundance and species richness. Study area The cottage after which the
spot is named was owned by Sir Abe Bailey and

The Intertidal Rocky Shore of Caloundra Beach Essay
The intertidal rocky shore of Caloundra Beach is inhabited by diverse range of biodiversity of
animals and plants, many of which have developed high levels of adaptations throughout their
existence. The very boundary of marine and terrestrial ecosystem, this environment is subjected to
extremes of the physical environment such as temperature, desiccation, wave turbulence as well the
ecological interactions that commonly occur in biotic communities (e.g. competition, predation).
However Rocky intertidal shores are easily accessible by humans and provide an enjoyable
opportunity for passive recreation and for science and environmental education as well. This essay
will be analysing the field study of group 2 at Caloundra Beach and ... Show more content on
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The Supra–littoral zone is one of the harshest terrains for organisms to exist in. The organisms that
live in this region are facing problems like gas exchange, desiccation, temperature changes and
feeding. It is only covered during storms and extremely high tides and is moistened by the spray of
the breaking waves. Organisms are exposed to the drying heat of the sun in the summer and to
extreme low temperatures in the winter. Because of these severe conditions, only a few resistant
organisms live here. The dominate organisms that reside within this zone are Blue grey Periwinkles.
Using Transect lines for over 30m, we evaluated the effects of several factors on this zone, including
(1) predation, (2) herbivory, (3) plant–plant competition, (4) plant–animal competition, and (5)
physical disturbance from high–energy waves. The interaction having the greatest effect on the
structure of this zone was desiccation and high temperatures. However the Blue grey Periwinkle has
been specially adapted to the harsh conditions of the dry upper littoral zone. They are able to trap
water inside their shell to prevent moisture escaping, and cling to the rock face while the tide is out.
As we can see from the abiotic data the temperature at the Supra littoral zone is also very high
reaching 25 degrees compared to the other zones reaching only 20 degrees. Furthermore the special
adaptations of the Blue Grey Periwinkle allow it to be the most dominant

The Importance Of Mangroves In Australia
Mangroves are trees and shrubs that can be found along coastal intertidal zones in tropical and
subtropical areas near the equator due to their inability to survive in low temperatures. Mangroves
are found not only in australia but on coastlines all over the world and are distributed over 100
countries in the tropical and sub–tropical regions of the world. Australia contains the third largest
area of mangroves in the world after Indonesia and Brazil, totalling around 11,500 km2 representing
approximately 6.4% of the world's total mangrove area (Appendix A) (Mangrovewatch.com, 2017).
There are 73 different types of mangrove species in the world. 39 of these mangrove species dwell
in Australia. The intertidal zone or littoral zone, is the area that is exposed at low tide but is
submerged by seawater during high tide. Mangroves survive in salt water on sheltered muddy
shores, because they have adapted to the harsh abiotic conditions in order to survive in their area.
Mangroves also provide a habitat for marine organisms such as fish, crabs and yabbies. Furthermore
they provide a habitat for many land animals such as birds, pythons, lizards and crocodiles. How
mangroves contribute to the functioning of intertidal ecosystems will be discussed on this report.
Mangroves have a very important role in their ecosystem. Their niche includes protecting and
providing for many organisms. Mangroves are considered main producers in their complex food
system (Appendix B). "The food chain

Essay about Application for a Grant to Stay at University...
This proposal presents a research project for a 2–month stay at the University of Rostock (Germany)
as part of my doctoral studies. As a PhD student in Ecology at the University of Malaga, where I
have developed my scientific background for the last three years, there are several reasons why I
think I am an eligible candidate for this research grant. The topics and techniques that would be
covered in the proposed research stay perfectly suit to my background, experience and research
interests. As Environmental Scientist I am used to think under a holistic approach and work in
multidisciplinary teams, including at International level. My postgraduate training on Advanced
Biotechnology enables me to understand and keep on learning about the ... Show more content on
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The results obtained in my thesis so far revealed that the red macroalgae Bostrychia scorpioides
(Hudson) and Catenella caespitosa (Withering) from Palmones estuary (South Spain) have distinct
capacities for acquiring nutrients and light, which partially explains their spatial segregation in the
intertidal zone. However, the physiological responses of these two species to salinity, desiccation
and ultraviolet radiation (UV), which still remain unknown, would be studied during the research
stay project in Germany. This research goal perfectly suits the expertise of the Applied Ecology and
Phycology research group at the University of Rostock. During the research stay we plan to conduct
several salinity experiments on Spanish specimens of both red seaweeds for the measurement of
photosynthetic responses and the quantitative and qualitative determination of organic osmolytes
and sunscreen compounds (MAAs). These methods might afterwards be implemented in my home
laboratory to keep on researching in this field to develop future studies and collaborations. Since I
would like to pursue a research career abroad in the future I think that knowing more about the
German academic system and their research activities leaves a door open to future collaborations. I
strongly believe that the research stay would enrich my experience as a young researcher and would
help me growth as a person, through the experience of living abroad and getting to know the
German people and

Food Web And Its Effects On The Environment
There are three major intertidal zones including Upper Mid–littoral Zone, Lower Mid–littoral Zone,
and the Lower Littoral Zone. These zones allow for different organisms to survive in their preferred
tide levels. For example, the upper zone includes organisms that survive in a niche with high tide;
where as the lower zone contains organisms with niches in low tidal zones. Within the ecology of
intertidal ecosystems lies a food web varying from humans and to microscopic plants such as
phytoplankton. Every level of this food web is both directly and indirectly affected by climate
change leading to other factors also contributing to the condition of intertidal zones and the
organisms within. The temperature of seawater has been on a slow but steady increase over the
years, affecting the organisms below the sea level. This then directly affects the organisms above sea
level, being either humans or birds. While humans remain in terrestrial environments and the large
majority of the rest of the food web lies in aquatic environments, birds are able to act as the link
between the two environments. When looking at intertidal species it has been found that mid to high
intertidal species, such as crabs, sea stars, anemones, are more susceptible and defenseless to the
change in climate than species with a lower intolerance to heat. The warming of the intertidal zones
effects not only survival but also reproduction. Phytoplankton has been caused to reproduce sooner
than expected

Vertical Zonation and the Rocky Shore
Student Number: 500890847
Candidate Number: 14822
Vertical Zonation and the Rocky Shore
According to Yonge (1949), "the zoning of both plants and animals within the narrow vertical limits
of a rocky shore is one of the most striking features about shore life." It is noticeable particularly
where sessile organisms (such as barnacles) occur in abundance on the boundaries of their vertical
distribution, as they form a conspicuous line (Boaden & Seed, 1985). The author has also been
particularly impressed by clear zonation patterns of brown algae often to be found on rocky shores.
Precise and universal demarcation of these zones is impossible (Brehaut, 1982), but a
comprehension of the vertical zonation of rocky shores is clearly ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
At mid–shore, for example, exposure is 50 percent of the time to air, and 50 percent to water. This
area forms the eulittoral zone, and a greater number of species are found here than in the littoral
fringe. Communities found in this zone must be tolerant of short periods of exposure to air between
the tides, although they almost always require regular submersion or "at least a thorough wetting"
(Tait and Dipper, 1998). Species include barnacles, mussels, and other sessile forms such as oysters
(Boaden & Seed, 1985). The barnacles commonly belong to such genera as Balanus, Chthamalus,
and Tetraclita. There is a strong tendency (Stephenson & Stephenson, 1972) for this zone to be
further divided into two or three subzones. In lower subzones, barnacles may be obliterated or
overshadowed by other sedentary forms; but in the higher eulittoral subzones barnacles are greatest
in concentration, and show dominance. The eulittoral is bounded at the top end by the disappearance
of barnacles in any significant quantity (Stephenson & Stephenson, 1972).
The lowest part of the shore is uncovered at extreme low water spring tide, never at neap tides, and
is known as the sublittoral zone. Where wave action is particularly strong, this zone may not even be
uncovered except when the lowest spring tides coincide with calm weather. As such, this zone is
exposed to the air for very short periods, and for a very small proportion, of time. In many places, it
never fully

Essay on Wetlands
Wetlands
A clear and widely accepted definition of a wetland has yet to be established. Wetlands are of
various types and function, and occur in diverse locations, and climates which in part make them
difficult to define. Many definitions of a wetland have been posed by different groups and
individuals, some of the definitions include: "An area of land that has hydric soil and hydrophytic
vegetation, typically flooded for part of the year, and forming a transition zone between aquatic and
terrestrial systems (Brady and Weil, 1999)." A wetland is an ecosystem that depends on constant or
recurrent, shallow inundation or saturation at or near the surface of the substrate (soil). The
minimum essential characteristics of a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
96–01, NCDENR, Div. of Envir. Mngt. Water quality section.
Wetlands are defined for classification purposes as areas that under natural conditions posses three
factors including: hydric soil, wetland hydrogeology, and hydrophytic vegetation. Hydric soils are
soils that are anaerobic (without oxygen gas) for at least one week during the growing season (Lilly,
1993). Specific criteria to identify hydric soils are not easy to develop, but indicators have been
developed by scientist to aid in their delineation. Hydric soil indicators are listed in "Field Indicators
of Hydric Soils in the United States: A guide for identifying and delineating hydric soils" which was
printed by the United States Department of Agriculture in March of 1993. A publication written by
Vepraskas in 1993 entitled "Redoximorphic Features for Identifying Aquic Conditions" is also
available through the North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service. Wetland hydrology criteria are
based on depth of the water table from the soil surface and the length of time the water table is at
any specified depth (Lilly 1993). Wetland hydrology is difficult to define due to its dynamic nature.
Wetland hydrology is subject to rapid changes due to rainfall and flooding and may occur only
during wet periods or seasons. Hydrophytic vegetation is defined as plants that prefer or require wet
soils. For a site

Organization Strategy Paper
Organization Strategy Research Paper
Organization is a skill that comes very naturally to some. Things must be organized in order for me
to perform well at work and at home. It is a waste of time and energy searching for something when
you need it. There are times that nothing seems to be where it belongs and I feel like the house is in
such a mess that it will just be easier to go to the store and replace the item that I am searching for.
The problem in my life is with organization and clutter. There are all types of clutter in our home.
There is important clutter such as the mail that hasn't been read, paperwork to complete for school,
doctors, veterinary appointments, the bank and the insurance company just to name a ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Once you have decided on storage and activities it is time to map out your space. You can begin by
sketching your space out on a piece of paper. There are several details to take into account when
determining where each zone should be located. Natural habits and preferences will be an indicator
or where a certain zone will be. If you tend to throw your mail on the counter as you walk in the
door that may be an ideal place for a basket to store mail and paperwork. The relationships of the
activities need to be considered. A TV zone and a reading zone should be put at opposites ends of a
room so that people can utilize the space simultaneously. The configurations and restrictions of the
room also need to be taken into account. When you are setting aside time in your schedule, it is
important to estimate how much time the organization process will take. Most rooms will take one
to one and one–half days to complete. Blocking out the time on your calendar will be required so
you can create an effective work schedule. In conclusion, after researching my problem I realize that
I need to develop a plan of action to organize my home. I will accomplish this by realistically
analyzing the time that is needed and block it out on my calendar. I will establish zones in each
room and set up storage solutions for the supplies needed in each zone. Researching my problem has
helped me to gain an understanding of what is not working and ways to

Under What Climate Conditions Do You Find Tropical Savanna...
Lauren Russell
Ecology
Module 3
Due: 7th August 2015/8/7
Chapters 24– 30
Chapter 24 question 6
Under what climate conditions do you find tropical savanna ecosystems?
Tropical Savannah ecosystems are varied throughout the year in their climate. While some
ecosystems have relatively stable conditions, the tropical savannah ecosystems have a few factors of
climate that differ seasonally and annually. Mostly, precipitation is the factor that varies annually by
great amounts. The varying precipitation has a great effect on what grows in the ecosystem. As far
as temperature goes, the average lowest is eighteen degrees Celsius. On the other hand, highest
temperatures are generally after the wet season. Temperatures do change with ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The difference between the littoral zone and the profundal zone is that the profundal zone does not
have light that reaches it and it is under the limnetic zone, but both have a bottom sediment benthic
zone where decomposition is common.
Chapter 25 question 3
Distinguish between oligotropy, eutropy, and dystrophy.
When talking about nutrient content and nutrient type in bodies of water (especially lakes), three
terms help identify these types of bodies of water– oligotropy, eutropy, and dystrophy. Eutropy
refers to the probably the best possible condition for a body of water, because this type of body of
water has many nutrients available to it (often in the form of silt) such as phosphorous. These bodies
of water are usually near farms or forests and are thriving with life. Algae is a common type of
organism that grows in eutropy's, but can serve as a problem for the survival of other species.
Oligotropy is basically the opposite of eutropy condition wise. Oligotropic bodies of water usually

have a small amount of organic matter, few nutrients, and especially lack phosphorous. These water
bodies are often near terrestrial ecosystems. Dystrophy refers to the condition in bodies of water that
have an abundance of organic matter– so much so that the water is often brown. These bodies of
water are often near bogs. Lakes can gain these types of nutrients through things such as runoff that
bring soil nutrients into the water;

Sub-Littoral Zone Lab Report
Introduction
On May 8th the grades Biology students went on an excursion to the rocky shore Pt. Cartwright.
Rocky shores are where the land meets the sea. On the Rocky shore there are different zones that are
based on tidal level, this means the rocky shore is a quickly changing environment and due to this
unique condition it gives a large biodiversity. Biodiversity is the term given to the variety of life on
Earth. It is the variety within and between all species of plants, animals and microorganisms and the
ecosystems within which they live and interact (Wwf.org.au).
The reason for this is see if any changes have occurred between the current condition (data collected
to approximate the health of the rocky shore) and the past condition ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Like the upper littoral organisms in this area have to live in conditions of changing temperature,
wave action, moisture loss and high levels of predation from both land and sea creatures. However
unlike the Upper littoral that only submerges during high tide, the mid littoral is submerged
approximately an equal amount of time it is open to air. This in turn means a far greater time in
submission but less extreme temperature due to less direct exposure to the sun. The Stephonson
Report reports that the 6–plated acorn barnacle is the indicator species. Although no 6–plated
barnacle was found but another indicator species was, the rosy 4–plated barnacle was found to be
extremely predominant in this zone (refer to kite graph). Despite evidence showing that this is the
indicator species we are unsure as to whether or not it is more common in the lower littoral zone, a
zone that was not examined. Despite this background information suggests, "In the mid littoral zone
barnacles are usually most common"

Hastings Point Essay
Grade 11
Biology
Bio Ecology Field Study
By, Colton Hatcher
Introduction Hastings Point is a small coastal town located in New South Wales that is sounded by a
national park. Hastings point has been a great location for tourists due to its marine wildlife, beaches
and fishing. This destination is home to a magnificent rocky shore perfectly suited for a vast
majority and wide range of marine wildlife. The rocky shore has a wide spread of both biotic and
abiotic factors which provides a suitable ecosystem for all wildlife but unfortunately this
unindustrialized location is becoming over developed. This takes a toll on Hastings point ecosystem
immensely because the estuary, beach and the living organisms are slowly diminishing in ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Tidal zones consist of splash zone, high water neap tide, low water neap tide, high water spring
tide, low water spring tide, mid tide level and the splash zone and sub littoral zone. All of these tidal
zones can be determined by which indicator organisms/animals are living there. For an example the
splash zone is the highest of all zones and the organisms that are generally living there are
noddiwinkles. If you spot a lot of honeycomb barnacles and blue–grey periwinkle's then you are
most likely in the high water tide zone and water only covers this zone at high tide. White tube
worms are indictor organism the mid tide level zone and is covered by water for half of the day.
There's also the low tide zone which is engulfed in water for the majority of the day expect at low
tide, you can determine this zone by finding indicator organisms such as sea squirts. The final tidal
zone is the sub literal zone and this is always under water the indictor organism's living here are
brown tubeworms and striped girdled chiton.
Aim: The aim of our excursion to Hastings Point, New South Wales was to study the biodiversity
and ecology and to see how these organisms behave in their natural habitat and surroundings. There
will also be information collected about a variety of different organisms as well as population counts
and observe how they have adapted to the species surrounding environment. The excursion will also
be an opportunity to gather information on

Split Second Processing Essay
Back to the starting point of assessing the big picture, the broad horizon....once enough data is
retrieved from the rapidly changing environment, the brain internalizes the data, discards the invalid
data (noted as a distraction), then narrowly focuses on the data to rehearse it, then it can move on to
the performance. If the brain rushes through any of this split second processing, it can make a
mistake/error.
I believe this flow of concentration, that is presented in the textbook as a square, is actually a sphere
much like an eyeball. It's an eye of the mind or mind's eye. At the center of the cross hairs is a
narrow circle. This is "in the moment" and the circle around this "centered" point is a prioritization
ring or loop that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The focus loop provides continuous monitoring of all concentration zones. In the center of the loop
is "in the moment, here and now". This is where I want to be when I'm intentionally engaged in an
action–oriented task such as sport climbing. In this example, the focus is parked in a neutral zone
giving all four zones equal attention. This is basically a "flow" type state where the brain has
complete coverage of all concentration zones. It's like most of the climber's thought processes are
autonomic like their heart beat. Everything is in synch. The climber is able to see the "big picture"
assessment to include the environment such as the current weather conditions and their though on a
forecast for the climb. They are also able to monitor the game plan or the route for the climb to
include obstacles and overhangs that potentially could be challenging. They are able to monitoring
their energy levels and determine when and where to take a rest and allow their phosphocreatine
system to recover. When monitoring the climber's narrow internal view, he is conducting body scans
to adjust arousal and breathing rates and progressive muscle relaxation to decrease tension. His skill
and technique are all flowing automatically. He is able to stay ahead of his body and the mountain
with full control. In the external and narrow zone, the climber is engaged in action with intentional
and smooth placement of their hands and feet with perfect balance to keep their energy levels high
and decrease any unnecessary moves that could deplete

The Depositional Environments Of The Six Facies Displayed
1. The depositional environments of the six facies displayed in Figure 1 are as follows:
Fore reef (dark blue)–The mudstones indicate a low energy environment and small amounts of
skeletal fragments creating a wackestone, suggesting an infrequent presence of organisms. The
conglomerates have formed due to gravity driven flows.
Reef crest (orange) – Indicated by the presence of red algae and Schleractinian corals e.g. .Acropora
(Oppen, at el, 2000), which suggests a low energy crest.
Lagoon (light blue) – Ooids can precipitate in depths up to 15m (but usually within the top 5m)
indicating a shallow water environment. Green algae and foraminifera represent a lagoon floor
environment whilst the skeletal grainstones are more ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
2. The facies distribution in both layers indicate that this platform has a rimmed shelf geometry,
most likely an accretionary rimmed shelf, however there is not enough distal data to determine how
steep the fore reef slope is, see Figure 9 (Read, 1985). This platform follows a distal to proximal
trend moving from East to West. Within layer A, the facies in well A are fore reef and reef crest.
Moving westwards, the abundance of the fore reef decreases as water depth decreases, allowing the
reef and lagoonal facies to become more abundant. The lagoonal facies in well B will have a higher
concentration of skeletal grainstones than green algae as it will be closer to the lagoon barrier than
well C. Well C is dominated by lagoonal facies with a small amount of a lower intertidal zone
facies, indicating a more proximal environment. Wells D, E and F are dominated by lower intertidal
zones with small deviations into lagoonal and upper intertidal zone facies. The abundance of
anhydrite and gypsum facies increases moving westwards as the platform becomes more proximal
and may be moving into a supratidal facies.
Within layer B, the platform begins with a fore reef slope and reef crest for the first 4km, followed
by facies exhibiting a steady decrease in energy moving westwards (oolitic grain stones to
mudstones and wackestones). These layers differ as layer A has a larger reef crest and a lagoon
which extends more distally. The larger reef could lead to the larger

Comfort Zone Definition Zones
Someone once said "Great things never come from comfort zones." That is basically saying that if
people have a comfort zone they won't fully be able to enjoy the things that make them happy. With
comfort zones it holds people back from becoming the best. The dictionary states that comfort zones
are "a place or situation where one feels safe or at ease without stress". "Relief", "soothe", and
"ease" are just some of the synonyms of this phrase. "Discomfort", "stress", and "unhappiness" are
some of the antonyms of this word. Comfort zones make one feel happy or safe, and they tend to go
back to that place or state of mind when times get hard. Most people don't have a very large comfort
zone which means they are scared to do stuff that scares them, they don't take risks. All of these
people were forced to go out of their comfort zone because they didn't believe in what was going on,
they wanted to make a change, or just simply because they wanted to be remembered as something
more. There are more good things about not having a comfort zone vs having a comfort zone. The
good thing is that people who don't have a comfort zone never are afraid to do anything they're not
comfortable with. The people that have a comfort zone are afraid to do anything. The first example
is Temple Grandin, she was a woman with autism that was bullied and she had to figure how to get
out of her comfort zone. When she did that she wasnt afraid to do anything. The second example is
Malala, she was about

Goat Island Marine Reserve
(Above: Gathered results for the distribution of 5 sampled organisms at Goat Island Marine Reserve.
Field work was done by placing transect lines at right angles to high tide marks and sampling every
5m using a 0.5m x 0.5m quadrat. At each station, all organisms in the quadrats were counted either
via percentage or manual count. Cat's eye, Oyster Borer and Black Nerite are counted per organism;
Columnar barnacles, Plicate barnacles and Coralline Turf is counted as a percentage.)
Introduction
My investigation focus was to analyse the community pattern within the Goat Island Marine
Reserve ecosystem. I have decided to investigate 3 important organisms, Nerita melanotragus
(Black Nerite), Corallina officinalis (Coralline Turf) and Haustrum ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Haustrum scobina (Oyster Borer)
The Haustrum scobina (or more commonly Oyster Borer) are green curved sea snail looking
organisms found on the rocky shore. In our data it was most common from the mid to lower littoral
ranges ranging from 40m to 90m. The peak of H. scobina was at 70m from the high tide mark (the
same as C. officinalis), with the width encompassing 20 oyster borers.
The niche (role taken as an organism follows):
The H. scobina pries open barnacle plates then uses its proboscis to feed on the organism inside. It
can also feed on mussels, oysters and other molluscs by drilling through their skulls with its radula.
The largest abiotic factors the H. scobina faces is the wind currents and exposure to air, so it has
developed the following adaptations to help it survive:
The H. scobina has the structural adaptation of a strong muscular foot to open up plated organisms,
this helps it feed in this environment as well as keeping it surfaced while large wind and ocean
currents try and push it along. Another structural adaptation is its tough, waterproof outer shell that
protects it from it's

Disaser Management
Trident University International
Marvell R. Dean
MHES 509
Module 1
1. How is a response to destruction from a terrorist incident different from a response to a natural
disaster? Be specific, give examples, and quote from the readings. 2. You are a volunteer for the
American Red Cross. You are to enter a scene of destruction in order to assist wounded victims.
What are some precautions that you must take? What are some restrictions placed on you? From
whom do you receive clearance? 3. First responders should isolate hazards by establishing control
zones. There are three types of control zones. List them and give examples. Cite your sources.
Difference Between Response to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many Americans watching the Government response to Hurricanes Rita and Katrina as it play out in
the media could not believe the finger pointing that was going on between our elected leaders as
many victims struggled to get their life in order. With the National Response Framework initial
responsibility remains with the local elected officials and each level of the government above that
will monitor and remain ready with assistance if requested. This will allow needed resources to get
where they are needed without the internal bickering of the past. The Emergency Support Function
Annexes within the National Response Framework ensures multi–agency interoperability and
encompasses the other components of the NRF.
Red Cross Entering Scene of Destruction
The Red Cross has been chartered by Congress to help people prepare for, prevent, and respond to
emergencies and provide relief for survivors of disasters (NRF, 2008). As a Red Cross volunteer you
should ensure you are not working against the situation. Although you are going there to assist those
effected by the disaster you will need to make sure you do not become a distraction or even worse
needing to be assisted yourself. Working within the system with the Incident Commander and his
staff will ensure you are part of the team and not working against these efforts. Having an
understanding of the policies, guidance, and processes in place will

Essay Fucus Sprial Research on Water
Coal is found in deeper layers of earth. To retrieve coal from those layers, underground tunnels need
to build. These underground tunnels tend to fill with ground water. To prevent this, steam pumps
were installed to keep the tunnels dry. The groundwater pumped out of the mines is "comparatively
clean" (Wilkinson 2011, 3).
Once the steam pump is shut off, the underground water is able to fill up the abandoned mine over
years. After all tunnels are filled up, the water finds a way to release itself. This is called natural
drainage water (Wilkinson 2011, 3). In case of the project, this happens through the outfall which is
right above high water spring tide. The water that is released through the outfall is not as clean as
the actively ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During spring tide, the tidal amplitude is very large.
The opposite is called 'neap tide' and occurs when sun and moon are at right angles. The
gravitational attractions act in opposition and the tidal amplitude is very low.
7.4 Rocky shore
These shores were shaped by different natural forces. Those forces include the rise and fall of tides,
wind, intensity of waves and variation in temperature. They consist of rocky ledges, boulders and
pebbles. Furthermore, pools with seawater can be found.
Rocky shores can be divided into different zones, according to vertical height. The zones vary in
diversity (see Fig. 6) and most species are adapted to a specific zone (Little 2009, 17).
The top of the shore is bare rock and living organisms such as littorinid snails or lichens can be
found there. This zone is called 'splash zone' as it above high tide mark and therefore perpetually out
of water (Little 2009, 18).
The second zone is called 'littoral zone' (or intertidal) and has its boundaries defined as distance
between very highest and very lowest spring tide. The lower, middle and upper shore are included
into this zone and there is a varying degree of exposure to seawater, depending on the tide.
Organisms living there must be able to cope with fluctuating air and breaking waves. Rock pools
and Fucus spiralis are found in this part of the rocky shore (Little 2009, 18).
The lowest zone is the so called 'sublittorial zone' and

A Report On The Underwater World
I throw on all of my gear on my back and shuffle to the end of the boat to jump off into the deep
ocean below. I hold my mask and regulator tight onto my face as I take the plunge. The underwater
world takes on a new persona as its inhabitants are magnified through my goggles. Bubbles float up
past my head as I slowly and deeply breathe through my regulator while keeping my body neutrally
buoyant to prevent myself from touching the marine life below. My fins cut through the water as
they attempt to propel me against the strong ocean current over large kelp forests. Fish of all shapes
and sizes swim up to investigate who I am and what I am doing in their underwater world.
I was lucky enough during spring break to take part in an Open Water scuba diving course and
receive my diving certification that allows me to dive anywhere in the world up to eighteen meters
deep. Over the weekend, I headed down first to Rye Pier and then Port Phillip Heads Marine
National Park in Victoria to give diving in the ocean a try after taking my first few breaths
underwater in a local pool. We began with shore dives and proceeded to diving off a boat once we
felt comfortable in the ocean. Port Phillip Heads Marine National Park was established in November
of 2002 as marine conservation awareness became more prevalent in Victoria as well as throughout
Australia. It is home to six marine areas (Swan Bay, Mud Islands, Point Lonsdale, and Point
Nepean) along with the two dive sites that we explored:

In The Skin Of A Lion Character Analysis
In order for humans to be able to create meaningful relationships with one another, they need to be
able to communicate with each other. If individuals want to create relations with one another, they
need to be able to understand each other. They also need to take the initiative to figure out others,
and be able to communicate and connect with each other. However, the only way that you can
understand others is if you relate with one another, in order to build relations and be comfortable
around each other. In order for you to be able to connect with other people and have relations with
others people, we need to leave our comfort zone and relate to other people. Whether it be learning a
new language or moving to a new place, just like the individuals in the second source and third
source were able to do.
In the story of "In the Skin of a Lion," the main character is Patrick who lived amongst other
immigrants and did not recognize their language and culture because he kept to himself. However,
when he took the initiative to learn the Macedonian word for Iguana he was able to communicate
with others at the fruit stall, and in the future he was able to be close to some new people he didn't
even know existed. This source shows how if you take action upon your desires to make relations
you will infact be able to make new friends, just like Patrick was able to make new relations with
the people around him. Patrick was able to leave his comfort zone of keeping to himself to

Essay About Peace In Cologeria
Given the tumultuous political environment in Colombia during this period, it may come as a
surprise that a third round of peace talks commenced in 1998. The FARC, having reached its peak
during this time, was waging an all out insurgency against the state. The push for peace came at the
behest of the citizenry rather than the state. In a strong display of unity, 10 million Colombians
voted to for the Mandate of Peace in October of 1997 in a popular vote. Thus the government–under
the Pastrana administration–initiated peace negotiations amidst a brutal war with the FARC.
President Pastrana took office under the promise of implementing two initiatives: the first was to
negotiate with the guerrillas and paramilitaries in an effort to ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Through the public hearings, 25,000 delegates participated in presenting various proposals for
peace. This process was also unique in that various international actors, including European, Latin
American, and Canadian governments as well as representatives from the United Nations,
participated either directly or indirectly. U.S. support for the negotiations was weakened, however,
by the fact that the FARC had recently abducted and killed three American activists. This had the
effect of weakening the overall peace process. Nonetheless, the third peace process had begun.
The agenda for negotiation in May of 1999 included a variety of different topics, focusing on 12
main issues and 48 sub–issues. These issues included: "human rights, agrarian policy (the
distribution of lands bought with drug money and the substitution of illicit crops), natural resources,
the revision of the economic and social development model, reform of the Justice system and the
state, accords on International Humanitarian Law (IHL), the redefinition of the peace–time role of
the armed forces, and international agreements and the democratic mechanisms legitimizing these."
Efforts were made on behalf of both parties to build confidence. Among these efforts was the
initiation of ceasefires during Christmas and the New Year in 1999/2000. It is important to note that,
though each side was continuing in the peace process, there was no overarching

Remote Minehunting System ( Rms ) Of Littoral Combat Ship
This paper examines Remote Minehunting System (RMS) of Littoral Combat Ship (LCS) in detail.
LCS is a fast platform designed for executing operations in near–shore environments. But, it is
capable of conducting open–ocean operation as well. It is designed to defeat asymmetric threats.
Mines, submarines and fast surface craft can be shown as unique examples of asymmetric threats.
The LCS, which is a fast, maneuverable surface ship, provides warfighting capabilities for
tasks/missions including mine warfare, anti–submarine warfare (ASW) and anti–surface warfare
(ASUW). The RMS, which will be deployed on LCS, is a component of the LCS Mine
Countermeasures (MCM) mission package (MP). The mission package is called the Remote
Minehunting System. The system uses the Remote Multimission Vehicle (RMMV). The RMMV
vehicle is produced by Lockheed Martin. It conducts autonomous and/or semi autonomous missions.
It also carries AQS–20A minehunting sonar. The sonar attached to RMMV is specifically designed
for a variable depth forward–looking and side–scanning under sea. Raytheon makes the AQS–20As.
The RMS detects, classifies, and localizes non–buried bottom and moored mines. It also identifies
shallow–water bottom mines.
U.S. Navy plans to keep its ships out of the dangerous minefield with the RMS. Navy focuses on
decreasing core crew for mine warfare while conducting mine–hunting operations as well. Navy
envisions that this concept with RMS on LCS will prove a significant force

The Distribution Of The Ornate Limpet
Biology report
Aim of this investigation
The aim of this investigation is to look at the distribution of the ornate limpet, (Cellana Ornata) and
the radiate limpet (Cellana Radians) on the rocky shore. We went to the rocky shore of Sirens rocks
between Island Bay and Owhiro Bay, on Wellington's South Coast. We are studying how our chosen
organisms affect each other's distribution patterns. We sampled in the low tide zone, mid tide zone,
and high tide zone. The rocky shore we explored was 80 metre long, rocky terrain, bare rock
platforms with rock gulley's.
Description of limpets
Limpets have conical shells. The limpets that are situated higher up on the shore tend to have taller
shells than those on the lower shore. The underside of the limpet has a muscular 'foot' on which the
limpet moves around on.
Identification of organisms
Radiate limpets are identified by their flatter shells than the ornate limpet shells. Radiate limpets can
have 20–25 smooth low radial ribs. In the North Island the ribs are more indistinct and maybe
absent, the shell has radial streaks of brown and white. In the South Island the shells are dark grey
with fine radial lines. Ornate limpets are identified by their radiating black bands with a row of
white specks.
Biology of organisms
An ecological niche refers to an organism's way of life – where it lives, its habitat, how it lives there
and its adaptions. The radiate limpet lives in the low tide zone of the rocky platforms whereas the
ornate

The Search For Inhabitable Exoplanets
The Search for Inhabitable exoplanets
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The Search for Inhabitable exoplanets
Throughout the history of humanity, numerous scientists have been intrigued by the search for
inhabitable exoplanets. To date, such ventures are still in the developmental stages and the discovery
of life beyond earth and the solar system , regardless of how primitive it may be, may soon be
regarded as a fundamental breakthrough in astronomy (Jones & Mukai, 2007). The fundamental
properties to be considered if a place is habitable are: presence of organic materials, water and
energy sources. Habitability of the planet also takes into consideration, nearness of the planet to the
sun, the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
2011). The closest known exoplanet orbiting star is called Epislon Eridani, which is 63 trillion miles
away – it is close to 14,000 times away from Neptune, the farthest planets in our solar system
(Horner & Jones, 2010). Due to the great distance, exoplanets cannot be viewed directly since the
amount of light they reflect is too faint to be detected from a far off distance (Horner & Jones,
2010). Alternatively, scientists infer the presence of an exoplanet from the changes in wavelength of
light illuminating from the star, this may be caused by the gravitational pull from an orbiting planet
or the regulation of brightness of the star due to transiting planets. When Fermi Paradox was
proposed initially, most people thought planets were rare. Nevertheless, since then the astrological
tools have discovered the existence of numerous exoplanets. However, with each new discovery of
an earth–like planet for instance Epislon Eridani, it becomes less likely that there could exist a
planet apart from the Earth that can support life. Using methods such as those stated above,
scientists have been able to discover hundreds of exoplanets and the first detection was in 1995.
Once they detect one, they begin evaluating it to ascertain whether it can support life. Further, they
analyze the light spectrum that radiates from the star in order to reveal the properties of the planet.
The hunt is still on for planets, which are about the size of earth and those that are

OFF, by Mortis Ghost
What truly makes a 'villain' to us? Is it the need to cause mayhem, a long, resounding evil laugh? Or
just someone whose values run in opposition to ours? Whatever the case may be, we perceive these
characters carefully, recognizing them almost instantly as forces to be reckoned with– That is, most
of the time. In the next few paragraphs I aim to explore why what the most frightening of villains
terrify us the most. Mortis Ghost's 'OFF', a french RPG from 2007, will be our setting for this
phenomenal antagonist. This indie game features a delightful soundtrack, strategic turn–based
combat, and an increasingly dark storyline. The adventure begins with you, the player, being
assigned to control a stoic hero known as 'The Batter'. If he expressed emotions, he would be
probably be indifferent to your being his puppeteer. Regardless, you and he proceed through a land
called Zone 0, entrusted by some unknown force with the task of 'purifying' the land. You encounter
a stray, eloquent and articulate cat calling itself 'The Judge'. It assists you in getting oriented in the
world, and guides you safety through the deserted landscape and to the cusp of the first inhabited
zone, Zone 1. It departs, promising to see you again. As you advance through Zones 1, 2, and 3, The
Batter continues to insist he is the savior of the world, sent to purify the evils within. The timid and
neurotic inhabitants known as 'Elsen' more or less welcome his presence, especially when tormented
by spectres

Fruitville Road Case Study
IV–1903(e)(2) Other "nongovernment" uses.
a. Granting the adjustment will equally or better meet the purpose of the regulation to be adjusted;
Response: According to Findings of Fact, Fruitville Road was historically aligned with First Street
until the 1980's. At the stated time, the State of Florida enacted a six–lane widening which initiated
realignment of Fruitville causing it to converge with the former Third Street that was located west of
Lime Avenue. During this transition, the State of Florida initiated eminent domain action, which
removed a triangular portion of the subject parcel on its north end, which left the remaining site at
an angle. The resulting lot configuration was left oddly shaped, which makes conventional standards
difficult to meet. In addition to the oddly shape lot, the City Arborist has identified large oak trees
that must be preserved. In complying with the minimum setback requirements, the trees identified
will have to be removed.
b. The proposal will not significantly detract from the livability or appearance of the downtown
neighborhood zone district or the proposal will be consistent with the desired character of the
Downtown Neighborhood Edge, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Therefore, the request of relief for the setback will grant flexibility while also maintaining
consistency with the overall purpose. The existing development along Fruitville Road has a peculiar
mixture of building setbacks, which the requested adjustment will be consistent. As proposed
Building E will comply with the maximum five–foot setback required at its northeastern corner.
However, the buildings must be set back a maximum distance of 22.73 feet on the western end in
order to maintain its shape. This will allow reason of such setback request in means of protecting
and preserving exists large oak

Farm Pond Water Quality Testing

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