Albert Camus And His Views On Existentialism Essay

Albert Camus and His Views on Existentialism Essay
Albert Camus is considered one of the greatest existentialist writers of all time. However, although
he was considered an existentialist writer, Camus never labeled himself as an existentialist. "No, I
am not an existentialist" (Albert Camus: Lyrical and Critical Essays, Vintage (1970)) Camus
rejected in an 1945 interview, however in some of his literary works, some find that his writings are
one of a true existentialistic thinker. Although many contrast these thoughts and believe that Camus
was anything but a thinker of this philosophy, Camus is one of the main authors that people turn to
research and read to understand the thinking of existentialism. One of his most famous books, The
Plague, illustrates the need for a human to become an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Camus, in his novel, The Plague, gives the reader a sense that he believes in and has total confidence
that man has the ability to fulfill himself, although denying to be an existentialist himself. In this
novel, Camus sets the story in Oran, Algeria, coincidently , where he grew up. He describes the
town as dull, boring, and soulless almost. " The town itself, let us admit, is ugly". (Camus, p. 1) The
author is showing us that there is nothing really special about Oran, or in existentialist terms, the
people don't make Oran special. Their only concern, or their only focus, was conducting what they
called "business"; nothing more. However, the main protagonist, Dr. Rieux, was one of the few in
his society to actually question, what is the true definition of life? He seemed like he was the only
one that realized that Oran was missing just this; life. He was curious what was a person's or an
individual's purpose in this dry town. When masses of dead rats were lining the street, the public
showed little curiosity with, of course, the exception of the doctor. As the plague soon hit, the
attitudes of the public had miniscule change. "Meanwhile they drank their beer, nursed their sick,
idled or doped themselves with work, filed documents in offices, or played the phonograph at home
without betraying any difference from the rest of us." (Camus, 184).
This shows the reader how powerless these people are. The power for them to chose and think for
themselves has
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Bust Of St Lawrence Essay
A bust of Saint Lawrence from Borgo San Lorenzo, a region just north of Florence, was recently
attributed to the famous Florence sculptor, Donatello (Povoledo par. 4). It was sculpted during the
Renaissance, circa 1440, and it demonstrates characteristics similar to that found in classical art
(Povoledo par. 4). The bust appears is and almost paradoxically idealistic; it is viewable from
multiple angles and is composed of terra–cotta. By the depiction of Saint Lawrence, the patron saint
of librarians for the Catholic Church, it constructs a religious theme ("St. Laurence Martyr" par. 17).
Hence, the bust of Saint Lawrence serves as an illustration that the Renaissance was the revival of
the artistic techniques of the Classical.
During the Renaissance, artists were once more interested in making their portrayals realistic, and as
a result, the sculptor thoroughly detailed the bust. Saint Lawrence's hair was carefully considered by
containing aspects of fluidity and asymmetry that reminiscent of hair styling achieved by the
Classical Greeks. His ears are partially covered because it is a challenge to sculpt ears in such a way
that is anatomically correct. Proportion is achieved in the facial features; the eyes, nose, and lips all
appear relative to each other in size. There is proper depth in the face; the eyes are slightly inset, the
nose ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The bust has a slight tilt in the shoulders, reminiscent of the contrapposto found within the classical
art, which allows for a less two–dimensional image, suited for more angles. Rounded sides and
depth in the shoulders and arms also create a three–dimensional appearance. Furthermore, the back
has significant detail; the hair is styled and flayed cords dangle. This back has slightly degraded with
age so even more detail could have existed but been lost. Overall, the design meets the visual goals
of Renaissance and classical sculptors

Critical Analysis Of Moral Saints By Susan Wolf
In her critical analysis of 'Moral Saints', Susan Wolf examines the concept of a moral saint in order
to understand what exactly a moral saint would be like and why such an agent would be an
unattractive individual. More so, she raises questions about the significance of this contradictory
figure for moral philosophy. Looking first at the idea of moral sainthood from the ethics of common
sense, Susan Wolf then considers what relations these have to the conclusions that can be drawn
from both Utilitarian and Kantian moral theories. Having found these relations, Susan Wolf then
speculates on the implications of these considerations for moral philosophy (Wolf, 1982, 419–420).
As part of my essay, I aim to explore Susan Wolf's argument of the 'undesirable and unattractive' life
of a moral saint, and why she speculates such a view. Looking first at the distinguishing figures of
the Loving Saint and the Rational Saint to which she bases her underlying characteristics on, I then
look into Susan Wolf's arguments in relation to Utilitarian and Kantian theories and how she
speculates their undesirable notions that lead to the idea of moral sainthood. Having explored these
speculations, I them aim to conclude on how Susan Wolf's argument of the 'unattractive' moral saint
is misunderstood, as she primarily bases her argument based on the idea of moral judgement. Before
beginning her arguments towards the idea of Moral Saints, Susan Wolf distinguishes between two
behavioural figures of

Saint Appolinare Analysis
Saint Appolinare is the largest figure within the piece and is standing directly over the alter and
below the massive cross. The gold jewel encrusted cross is contained within a bright blue circle
dotted with gold stars. The green background is filled with plants, shrubs and trees all of which are
coloured in varying shades of green.
The green background is used to highlight and contrast the white sheep and Saint Apollinare. Most
of the sheep and the saint occupy a the same ground level and plane. Unlike the mosaic of Christ the
good Shepard the the mosaic of Appolinare is flat and without depth or shading. The piece does
exhibit the use of limited overlapping as observed in the legs of the sheep. This overlapping is
similar to the observed technique used on ancient Babylonian art. One could postulate that this is a
de–evolving of style and a refinement of the message from the church.
i think the most intriguing element of the piece is the mysterious imagery above the cross. ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The early church was primarily concerned with expanding it's congregation and influence, thus they
crafted a soft and welcoming image of Jesus. The rulers of the church who constructed the
patakrator seen to have shifted there priorities away from expansionist ideologies and towards a
more defensive strategy of keeping people within their influence. The change in message from
acceptance to that of fear, was a calculated decision, based upon a need to stay relevant and in
control.
The pantokrator is also a dichotic message perpetrated by the church. I believe, the illiteracy of the
congregation was purposeful as it limited access to the original message within the bible. Limiting
access afforded the leaders of the church greater mobility in steering the congregation towards their
desired goals. Christ the Pantokrator is direct evidence of the liberties taken by the establishment in
evoking the message of

Analysis Of George Orwell 's ' Reflections On Gandhi ' Essay
George Orwell begins his essay "Reflections on Gandhi" from his book george orwells a collection
of essays, which is a form of reviews that he did for a major newspaper about Gandhi's
autobiography. Orwell begins responding by advocating the idea of sainthood and then reminds us
that it is not applicable to Mahatma Gandhi who is the main subject of his investigation. I shall
begin my paper by focusing on how this applies to gandhi and why, as orwell shows us
categorically, Gandhi himself considered sainthood as being very dangerous. Especially in a
political/historical context of India 's independence movement against the british that Gandhi
himself was leading .I will examine Gandhi 's sainthood status against Joan of Arc and will try to
show how dangerous it was for Joan because she ended up being persecuted and burned as a witch.
In my next section, I shall investigate the selected contradiction that Orwell finds so fascinating and
show how Gandhi united the diverse Muslim– Hindu population in India and influenced them to rise
up against the British. I shall first turn my attention to what Orwell has to say about Gandhi 's
peculiar rejections of everything that came from the West and how he found a way of replacing
these with everything that was predominantly Indian. I shall highlight the following western signs of
food, clothing, medicine and vegetarian items Gandhi replaced. In this context, I shall point out how
this Indian spirit of complete nationalism was made in

How Does One Reconcile The Notion That The Woman With Whom...
How does one reconcile the notion that the woman with whom you idolized to the extent of
Sainthood, was indeed a mere human? One with flaws, faults, and an undeniable pension for being
ruthlessly condescending. It wasn't until I had reached my mid 30's that I realized my grandmother
was far from the Saint that I had always made her out to be. At times she was a domineering,
overbearing naysayer who rarely saw the good in people. That being said, she was also quick witted,
loved to laugh, kind–hearted, and fiercely protective of her family, even if they were often on the
receiving end of her venomous tongue. As a child she would let me crawl in her bed when I was
frightened, feed me mountain berry rebel ice cream when I was gloomy, let me stay up far too late to
watch "Murder She Wrote" or "Jeopardy" and always had an entertaining story about our family to
tell me. Always one to turn a blind eye to my obvious failures and to offer a quick hand to bail be
out both emotionally, as well as, financially throughout my young adult life. My perception of her
hadn't changed until many years after she had passed. The pedestal I placed her on had not been
knocked down exactly, but what once was a marble statue upon it, now sat a tarnished figurine. Still
beautiful and magnificent but not holy pristine. My grandmother had lived either next door or with
us since I was 5 years old. If truth be told, we had lived with her. A short time after my grandfather
past away, she

Susan Wolf 's Article ' Moral Saints ' And John Stuart...
Both Susan Wolf's article "Moral Saints" and John Stuart Mill's book "Utilitarianism" will be
discussed here. These works offer expositions of and opinions on the philosophical issue of the
moral worth of adhering to a certain set of values, and how a person's motivations for doing so can
change their worth and the desirability of their way of life. Wolf offers the position that leading an
extremely morally good life is undesirable, while Mill's opposing position is that if morality leads to
happiness, then that behavior is preferable. To determine which of these stances on the value of
morality has the most pertinence, these two arguments will be outlined and consequently analyzed.
Their differences and similarities will be enumerated and described, and consequently their merit
will be discussed. Finally, Wolf's moral theory will be proven to be inferior to Mills's, due to its
prejudice, lack of supportive evidence, and its inability to be universally applicable.
In "Moral Saints", Susan Wolf defines a moral saint as an individual who is as morally good as it is
possible to be. Wolf suggests that there are two types of moral saints, utilitarian and Kantian (Wolf
420). A utilitarian saint is a "Loving Saint", one who simply finds their own happiness in the
happiness of others and performs moral actions for their own sake (Wolf 420). A Kantian saint is a
"Rational Saint", who is inherently different from a utilitarian/loving saint in the sense that they do
not necessarily

Lit Review
Literature paper
2/27/14
A Simple Heart
Trying to figure out how Flaubert wanted readers to view religion in his short story "A Simple
Heart" is challenging at times. Felicite has been misunderstood by many regarding her
representation of religion. Her innocence is not to be look at as a burden, it allows her to share a
good relationship with the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit had been reduced to taxidermy as it
portrayed as Felicite's per parrot Loulou. Felicite's spiritual world had been reduced to something
not permanent made the story difficult to evaluate the seriousness in regards to religion. After
reevaluating the role Loulou played on Felicite's life. "A Simple Heart" becomes a spiritual journey.
With an open ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Felicite was completely unaware of what a great gift she truly had with her faith.
Even the toughest times with Mme. Aubain slandering Felicite's family, she disregards it as a mother
who misses her own child. One of the most memorable instances of Felicite's forgiving nature is
when she asks for Fabu on her deathbed, the butcher who was suspected of poisoning Loulou.
Felicite wished to remove all ill feelings towards him to cleanse her soul: "Forgive me, she said,
making an effort to stretch out her arm. I thought it was you who had killed him" (1844). It was
Felicite's faith that gave her the capability to forgive the man who took her greatest treasure. Her
religion gave her the ability to focus on a person only to benefit them not herself. In the end, Felicite
comes full circle in regards to her religion. Loulou was not instant connection to the Holy Spirit.
[The meaning of this sentence is unclear. Are you the writer of this paper stating this contrary to the
information from the rest of your paper, or is this the doubt Felicite feels at this point in the story?
Make sure your language is clear so that your reader can follow effectively.] At one point Felicite
thinks about the Holy Spirit while viewing the stained glass window siting at church (1841). She
hears stories about doves at church, which sparks her interest in Loulou. The parrot

A Rhetorical Analysis Of George Orwell's Argument '
George Orwell constructs his argument by explaining Gandhi's outlook on life and effectively does
so by using informative tone, ethos, and logos. Throughout the passage, Orwell describes Gandhi's
morals and shines light on the issues behind his reasoning. Orwell uses various personal examples
from Ghandi to make an argument to push people to chose human imperfection rather than to strive
for sainthood. He gets his point across by building off of Gandhi's experiences which he uses to his
advantage to portray the issues more clearly to his audience. Throughout the passage, Orwell uses
informative tone in order to persuade his intended audience to side with his views. Orwell describes
Gandhi's characteristics and from there, makes an argument

Canonization In Christian Religion
In the time between the late Roman Empire and the development of early Medieval societies there is
a shift in the criteria needed in order to be canonized in the Christian religion. This shift in criteria
seems to come about as the persecution of Christians slowly dies out over the course of time. With a
lack of martyrs which were created by these persecutions there is a shift in sainthood towards pious
individuals who do great works of service or charity. These individuals who do great works of
service or charity are considered to be pristine examples for the Christian community and are
rewarded with sainthood. This change in the criteria of canonization forms a sort of spectrum in
which one can become a saint if they fall within a certain ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Since she is pregnant under Roman law she is not allowed to be executed until the child has been
born. Being pregnant would delay her execution, and would force her to be killed with common
criminals rather than the group she was imprisoned with. Two days before the execution the group
prays, and she miraculously goes into labor. (62) This event hints at this predisposition that being a
woman during this time means that she needs to maintain her modesty. In this specific case being
killed with common criminals would tarnish her modesty and reputation, because it would label her
as a criminal who has done something inherently evil. In this same writing there is also an instance
in which Perpetua ends up having her tunic torn by a mad heifer during her battle with the beasts.
Rather than immediately get up and run the first thing she does is readjust the tunic so that it is
covering her.(64) This is another prime example in which an event could have tainted a woman's
modesty, but the predisposition to maintain a woman's modesty in the writings of this period takes

Susan Wolf's 'Is Your Limits Of Morality Out Of Place'
Is Your Limits of Morality out of Place by Alex Prindle
In Moral Saints from the Journal of Philosophy by Susan Wolf, the author argues that moral saints
are by definition "patient, considerate, even–tempered, hospitable, and charitable in thought as well
as in deed". Wolf also states that moral saints do not care about pleasing themselves, but only in
pleasing others. I do not find this definition to be all encompassing of what morality really means. In
other words, I disagree with her definition on morality because her definition is too restricted. In this
paper, I will explain Susan Wolf's view on morality, agree with her views that no–one should aspire
to be her own definition of a moral saint, but I will disagree with her definition ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The author and I share the same perspective on how a person can live a good life without focusing
all of their energies and efforts into helping others while remaining thoughtful and impartial their
entire life. Someone without hobbies or without personal ambitions is certainly missing out on an
important part of life and while it can make a person happy to be able to help others, it also is
important to find ways to make yourself more well rounded and interesting. Plus, if a moral saint is
living only to serve others, then what happens when someone turns their back on them after the
moral saint offers their help? Then are they living to help others, or do their moral actions serve no
purpose? Also, is the particular moral saint being moral out of the love for helping others, or
because he or she will receive praise for their particular actions? This brings me to Susan Wolf's
separation between the two types of moral saints: the loving saint, and the rational saint. Wolf
describes loving saints as those who sacrifice their own self–interests but do not see this sacrifice as
a true sacrifice because they enjoy being a morally just person. They see moral sainthood as a way
of living and technically feel happy with not doing anything for themselves but instead just purely
helping others. The other type of moral saint is Wolf's

Simple
Attempting to define how Flaubert wanted the reader to view religion in his short story "A Simple
Heart" is frustratingly beautiful. The title figure, Felicite has been variously interpreted by many
regarding her representation of religion. Her unsophistication is not to be viewed as a hindrance as it
allows her to share a saintly relationship with the Holy Spirit. The Holy Sprit had been reduced to
taxidermy as it is portrayed as Felicite's pet parrot Loulou. Felicite's quasi–satirical world of
spirituality had been diminished to something so non–permanent it made the story difficult to
evaluate seriously with regards to religion. However, upon reevaluating the role Loulou played in
Felicite's life and her hardships "A Simple Heart" ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Flaubert also showcases Felicite's religion through her relationships her loved–ones. Felicite had a
special attachment to Virginie, the daughter of Mme. Aubain the lady she served. Virginie's death
had a significant impact on Felicite. Unlike Mme. Aubain who rebelled against God after the death,
Felicite was attentive in tending and visiting the girl's grave (A Simple Heart 215–16). Felicite was
strengthened by this loss through the Holy Spirit and was thus able to help strengthen Mme. Aubain.
Felicite also attended church constantly with Mme. Aubain, the stories she heard in church were
very relevant to her life although, she is too ignorant to make the connections because "of dogma
she neither understood nor even tried to understand anything," "her religious education having been
neglected in her youth" (A Simple Heart 209). This may make it seem that it would then be
impossible for Felicite to have a true encounter with the Holy Spirit, however, "the Holy Ghost is
commonly invisible and speechless...We recall that the Holy Ghost was bequeathed to all followers
of Christ and that the gift is not restricted by any need for theological knowledge...it follows that
Felicite's potential for a rare bond with the Holy Ghost is entirely valid" (Overtaker). From the
beginning of the story, Felicite is portrayed as pious by sleeping in front of the hearth with her
rosary beads in

Thomas More's Sainthood Essay
Thomas More's Sainthood
Thomas More's sainthood has been under great controversy even after a century of his death. It was
not until 1866 that he was declared a saint. This declaration came about after many debates and
votes of acceptance both by the people and by the church. While the English Church was still bound
by King Henry VIII's Supremacy Act, Thomas More was rumored to have been a deceitful character
of the court. He was declared unorthodox who went against the Church (Roper, 1935). He was also
said to have gone against the doctrines of the church because he went against the King of England.
In modern times the portrayal of, partially, Richard the III and Thomas More is seen to be
compassionate and kind to their people. In ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I doubt if there's a man alive who could follow me there, thank God.... [Bolt, 45]
To keep himself out of trouble, he decided to keep his mouth shut on the matter. Morally, he was
obligated to protect his friend and King for he was the chancellor of the court. Religiously he had a
duty to God which he could not deny. He did not want to go against God's rules; therefore, he chose
the middle course. Despite all of this, he was prosecuted and killed.
MORE'S RELIGIOUS BELIEFS
There seems to be little doubt that More did consider at one point becoming a priest. In this play
More says, "God's my god...But I find him rather too subtle.... I don't know where He is or what He
wants." When his sentence was read out, More spoke freely and revealed that he was totally unable
to see the sense of the oath of supremacy. "I am able to produce
against one bishop which you can produce, a hundred holy and Catholic bishops for my opinion;
and against one realm, the consent of Christendom for a thousand years." (Bolt, 63) This conflict
with the Church, and his feelings towards the holy bishop shows that he was attached to his beliefs.
Perhaps the contradiction between the two great men (Richard and More) originated within the
church.
By not obeying King Henry, he also fell from the king's list of good men. This only made is
powerful position is society decrease. Despite all this, he did not allow himself to swear to an oath
of allegiance to the king making him the

Mohawk Saint And The Unredeemed Captive
Throughout the stories told in both Mohawk Saint and The Unredeemed Captive, the unintended
consequences of attempting to convert the American Indians to Christianity are powerful players in
the unfolding events. When these Christian groups arrived in the New World, they came armed with
the word of God that they wished to share among a group of people that have never before
encountered the concept of Christianity. While eventually these relationships improved and
Christians and American Indians began to have closer contact, there were still results from the
conversion process that no one could have expected when the progress had started. In both of these
stories, the unintended consequences of the encounters between Christian religious and ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She was admitted to take communion on Christmas day, "since Catherine appeared to be an
exceptional case..." Catherine's initiation into Catholicism was a rapid process and she continued to
be skilled her faith for the rest of her life. This was contrary to what the Jesuit priests had in mind
for their conversion of the Mohawks. As far as they had considered, "'savages' and 'saints' belonged
to different contexts." When converting the Mohawks, the Jesuits had no intentions of possibly
finding a future saint in their midst. The categories were completely separate. It was only later in
Catherine's life that the members of her community began to recognize that she "...possessed
extraordinary spiritual powers and people began seeking her out." While she was not extremely
popular and died mostly in solitude, the story of her piety became known throughout the
community. The Jesuits, who had believed in the separation between the Natives and true religious
piety, were forced to reconsider their interpretations of Catherine's life and her religious devotion.
Eventually, this was cumulate in the writings about her life and the process of her canonization.
Although the Jesuits probably never considered finding a future saint among the Mohawks, they
found that with Catherine's story, a compelling case could be made for her canonization. One of the
key

Analysis Of The Movie ' Romero '
The movie Romero is a movie that was released in 1989 which covers the life, career, and eventual
assassination of the Salvadoran Archbishop Oscar Romero. Upon his appointment as archbishop the
local government assumed that he would go with the status quo and help them to quell dissent.
Romero met the early expectations of him that the government had, and did not rock the boat in
terms of speaking out against the government. Romero later does the opposite of this, after personal
experiences of the government's atrocities. He began to consistently speaking out against a ruthless
government which regularly terrorized its citizens and used brutal death squads to crush any dissent
against them. Romero was always peaceful in the various forms of protest against the regime and
made sure the people were always getting the truth, even when it ended up costing him his life. The
actor who portrays him in the film is Raul Julia. Oscar Arnulfo Romero y Galdamez was born in
1917 and died March 24 1980. Romero began his career as a priest at the age of thirteen, and rose
through the ranks to become a high ranking member of the Catholic Church, eventually serving as
the fourth Archbishop of San Salvador. In the beginning of his priesthood, Romero was more
conservative but over time became a very outspoken man with strong opinions who pushed for
political change. He gave a voice to those who suffered from social injustice, poverty, and the
regular brutalities of Salvadoran life, such as

Sainthood Argument Analysis
Sainthood is defined as someone whose goodness outweighs the sins that they made. But according
to Gregory Orfalea, and Tony Platt, their perspective on receiving Sainthood rights is looked at in
different ways. In the first article by Gregory Orfalea, he discusses his hopes for Father Serra to
receive the entitlement, and to, "overlook such flaws". In the other hand, Tony Platt has made his
opposing arguments. Tony Platt believed that Father Serra should not be canonized because that
would be, "reinforcing selective, racist history..." and take offense to Native Americans. With the
definition of sainthood being defined as the goodness exceeding the sins, I believe that father Serra
does not meet these standards. Throughout the article in L.A. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In Platt's article he proves how canonizing Serra would be a "profound insult to Native Americans
and an injustice to history". With some truth in diseases taking the lives of Native Americans, it is
shown that the "native peoples [lives were] relatively peaceful and self sufficient whose population
declined by more than 90%". The Indians would not of had these plunging rates of death, if their
lives were not trying to be overtaken with the missions. With the intrusion of the Europeans, and the
Spanish, the Indians health and wellbeing was jeopardized. For example, the article shows that with
Serra's management, "the epidemic of premature fatalities was facilitated by an authoritarian and
brutal mission system, enforced by irons and the whip." This misfortune life of Native Americans
only continues to increasingly get worse. With the missions basically functioning as a 'labor camps'
for the Natives, their homelands were also cut off, their traditions were withdrawn, and viruses were
exposed. Not only did Father Serra allow that, but he also gave burials to Native Americans 'fit for
savages, stacked in anonymous pits en masse." Not only were their rights taken away from them, but
also they did not even include the Natives as part of them. As Tony Platt quotes, they were just
"trying to take Indian out of the

An Analysis Of Joan Of Arc's Life
Cavendish, R. (2003, October 10). End of the hundred years' war. In Historytoday.com. Retrieved
from http://www.historytoday.com/richard–cavendish/end–hundred–years–war Cavendish's
biography on Joan of Arc's life provides a whole new outlook on Joan altogether. The author
included statements from people that knew Joan personally during that time. Providing personal
statements instilled credibility in Joan's doing, and provided intricate details to each siege and
encounter that Joan had faced. The author explores Joan's childhood, her faith, the voices of the
saints, her time as a soldier, her most famous battles, her ending battle, her imprisonment and death,
and finally the church's official declaration of sainthood. This author was ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
O'Reilly began with the execution of Joan, and how the people of England and France had perceived
her. Next, he illustrated the hardships in Western Europe in the early 1300s. The bubonic plague,
heavy taxes, and religious confusion were very important factors during this era. O'Reilly helped
elucidate the reigns of each King in France and England during the wars, before he began to address
Joan's' life. Joan claimed to "hear voices of Saints Margaret and Catherine, queens of France, and
Archangel Michael, commander of the heavenly host." It was these voices that told her to rescue
Orléans. With the help of Frenchmen, Joan was successful in her conquest to rescue Orléans and
helped crown King Charles VII. Despite being so successful, the newly crowned King abandoned
Joan and she was captured by the English. She was tried as a heretic and witch, and burned at the
stake in 1431. Nearly 400 years later, Joan was recognized as a saint in the Roman Catholic

Anorexia Nervosa Research Paper
Social media has caused for an increase the in the amount of eating disorders in the world. Anorexia
Nervosa began as Anorexia Mirabilis or the miraculous gift of starvation sent from God. Women
and girls would starve herself to show that they were saintlike. Sometimes they would even reach
sainthood, just St. Catherine. After many girls died from foolishly trying to achieve sainthood,
Anorexia Mirabilis was frowned upon and died down until the 1800s. In the 1800s the pressure for
women to look a specific way was increased. They were expected to be plump and have big hips,
great for childbearing. Then the 1920s came bring the flapper girl. Girls then were rapidly trying to
lose weight to achieve the boyish body that flapper girl's had. Doctors

St. Augustine 's Confessions
Essay #2 Topic #3
Faith operates in a unique way by providing the average, the noble, or the distasteful with a means
to understand the world we inhabit. However, our worldly experiences also operate as a means to
understanding the complexities of our faith. For St. Augustine, faith provides more questions than
answers, but consequently leads to his life as a bishop and eventually sainthood. For some, however,
the Bible provides the answers to all the questions that go unanswered by common sense. In St.
Augustine's Confessions, Augustine is able to further understand himself and his faith in Christ by
reflecting on anecdotes of his past. Conversely, the Bible's use of etiology provides spiritual
justification for physical realities. In St. Augustine's Confessions, Augustine's worldly experiences
throughout his autobiography are crucial to his understanding of Christianity. Augustine reflects on
his childhood experience of stealing pears from his neighbors to understand his sinful nature.
Augustine struggles to understand his motivation for taking the pears when he knows that the pears
are not necessarily better than those at his own home. He finally recognizes that this transgression is
of the most wicked nature because he was sinning for the sake of sinning. "Now let my heart tell
you what it was seeking there in that I became evil for no reason. I had no motive for my
wickedness except wickedness itself"(29). By reflecting on a worldly experience, he is able to reach
a

Symposium By Aristophanes
The feeling of desiring another may be much older the human race as without erotic acts the species
would have never survived. One of the first written explanations of this desire comes from
Aristophanes' dialogue in Plato's Symposium where he summarises how man come to have the form
he now has. In brief, man once had two faces, four arms, and four legs; they were so powerful in
that form that Zeus feared them and was diminished to split them in two. The severed halves were
doomed to wander the earth looking for their partner as their desire to become one again was
overwhelming. And indeed, when reunited, the two truly could become one again. While this view
does not hold any water in the realm of the natural sciences, the underlying truth ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is Winterson's clever device to tell without words that Henri and Villanelle have transcended
individuality and have, at least briefly, become a single entity. While the relationship between the
two had been no more than physical, on the last page of the third part the relationship becomes
severely more intimate. After killing villanelle's husband and being left with no obvious means of
transportation, Henri recounts that Villanelle was "walking on the canal and dragging [their] boats./
Her boots lay neatly one by the other. Her hair was down./ [He] was in the red forest and she was
leading [him] home.142" As stated, Villanelle would never remove her boots, yet the fact that she
has done so here suggests something very intimate of this passage. Next there is the sexually and
emotionally charged image of the last line; the "red forest" to which Winterson brings our attention
shares the colour of the lead female's hair which steers to a reading that this 'forest' is on her body
and is most likely her pubic region. And there is the choice of the verb to lead in lieu of the verb to
take. The substitution of the verb that is closely linked to the explicit imagery for the other, opens a
realm of implicit imagery; through the tangled mess of Venetian canals that is her mind,

Saint Patrick and St Patrick's Day
Chipper Howe 4/9/14
Religion 9–H–4
Fourth Quarter Report
Part 1: The process of Canonization is the process that a person must go through to become a saint.
This began around the tenth century. Pope John Paul II changed the process in 1983. Here is the
process. The first requirement is that the person must be dead for at least five years. They must be a
very holy person and a servant of God. Then the person's local church members must start a petition
to request that this person should become a saint. The Bishop will look into this person's life and
decide whether or not to pass this person on to the next step to the Pope. If he does a couple of
theologians will look more deeply into this person's life and evaluate the person. People who are
martyrs will automatically become a saint because they should amazing faith and holiness. Many of
the first saints were martyrs because they were persecuting Christians in the time of Jesus and a long
time after the ascension. The next step is to have at least two miracles credited to his or her name. If
they only have one miracle they will be named blessed, just like Blessed Edmund Rice. When they
get two miracles and they will in fact become a recognized saint in the Catholic Church.
Part 2: St. Patrick Saint Patrick is one of the most well known saints in the Catholic Church. Along
with the two saints, St. Nicholas and St. Valentine, St. Patrick has a worldwide day that shares the
love for them, St. Patrick's

Analysis Of Religious Connections
Within the texts we have explored in class throughout the quarter, many comparisons and
connections can be drawn through the lens of religion but also of medicine. However, the topics can
blend and combine with other lenses where the line is not clear cut. Nature also presents itself as a
lens carried through the religious and medical lens of the texts. The purpose of this piece is to
synthesize the arguments presented by the authors while integrating personal thoughts and reactions
to the texts. The body is the vessel through which the text and ideas are presented. Within each
particular lens, the body will be present as this vessel and create commonalities or differences within
the ideas formed.
Religious Connections
Within the lens of religion, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Christine's narrative, it is upsetting to see the relationship between parent and child. Similar to
Cecilia, she stays unmarried at first because her family had planned to "dedicate her to the gods"
(Paris, 62). This shows that her body was not her own initially. She stays unmarried because she has
given her "body" and soul to god. Her father used her "body" as a means to worship a multitude of
gods instead of 'one god made up of the holy trinity'. In order to defy her father's and society's
wishes, she destroys the idols and questions her mother calling her daughter. "Don't you know that
I'm named after my God in majesty? Christ, God's son, that's his name" (Paris, 64). She displays
conviction for her cause and demonstrates that her soul and thus body were always with god. Her
father and society try to cause her harm by putting her physical body through torture. Interestingly,
Christine sees her removed flesh and throws it at Urban and shouts, "Have a morsel, tyrant! Go
ahead! After all, it's the flesh you produced" (Paris, 65). She is removing herself from society and
using her body as a means to express her disdain and her attachment to God because he protects her
from the harm inflicted upon her. Due to her being protected through her ordeal, her father and
society believe she is using witchcraft which parallels later Puritanical thought that women were
witches and that they utilized witchcraft. This plays into the religious aspect of the body being the
vessel

Sulpitus Severus Research Paper
) Martin, seems unable to do wrong in the eyes of Severus an idea that goes so against biblical
teachings, "For all have sinned and do need the glory of God." (The Epistle of Saint Paul the Apostle
to the Romans, 3:23. Page 176) However, in spite of these lines condemning the perfection of
anyone but God saints seem to not apply to these rules by the definition of sainthood. In the words
of Sulpitus Severus, "Words cannot describe the excellence of Martin."(Severus, Chapter XXVI.
Page 16) How, if not god like in their own particular way have these people attained an aura similar
that to the one supreme divine being. The answer is that they couldn't have unless they had been
incorporated into the Christian tradition from older practices that accept the idea of more than one
being of divine nature. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They may have actually instead; just infused Christianity with older polytheistic traditions making it
a mesh of ancient and (for the time) 'modern' religious ideas. The texts discussed within this essay
show that they not always followed the laws that the bible set forth for them. This shows that maybe
the rules of religious tradition were not truly yet established and there seems to have been much
more ambiguity on what was Christian and what was Christian like behavior. The idea that becomes
clear under closer study of medieval literature and ideas is that the medieval mindset on religion
really wasn't as clear cut as first assumed when using the blanket title of Christianity as the
dominant religious idea in the medieval

Susan Wolf Moral Sainthood
Moral philosophy considers the role of morality in an individual's life. In her essay, "Moral Saints",
moral philosopher Susan Wolf strives to establish what is wrong with morality. Wolf does this by
examining the idea of Moral Sainthood, which teaches that an individual should be as morally
perfect as possible. Through the analysis of two distinct products of Moral Sainthood, Wolf arrives
at the conclusion that while there is nothing inherently wrong with morality, there are drawbacks
when it dominates an individual's life. In this paper, I will first establish the expectations that Wolf
must meet in order to prove her argument. I will then present the two products of Moral Sainthood
that she will be using as proof. After, I will raise an objection to the soundness of her argument.
Lastly, by responding to what I believe Wolf would reveal as an oversight on my part, I will insist
that her argument still is not consequential. In order to prove what is wrong with an idea, one must
simply prove why the idea cannot be accepted. Therefore, Wolf's objective is to argue that Moral
Sainthood should not be accepted. To reach this conclusion, Wolf declares the premise that moral
sainthood "does not constitute a model of personal well–being toward which it would be particularly
rational or good or desirable for a human being to strive." In other words, Wolf is denouncing moral
sainthood as both impractical and unsavory. With this established, Wolf must now prove how the

Catholic Christian Beliefs On Canonization
Johnny Wilkerson
Philosophy 210 Sec. 3002
Blakely Hume
June 26, 2015
Canonization
The Catholic Christians belief on Canonization and the Scripture writings have a difference
according to Paul and the letters he wrote. Canonization is a process that is used by the churches to
name Saints, the churches have utilized this since the nineteenth century. This has been done over
and over for several years. It began with the early church, first martyrs then the public claim did the
choosing of these saints; however, this way was thought to be democratic despite the information
being distorted and some of it never even existed. However, some Christians have different views
with the attributions given to beatification and canonization that is in ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
These people were thought to go straight to heaven where they could be with Jesus in the presence
of the Lord, for example these people had the ability to intercede for the living people's sins. They
believed in confessing their sins to other people in the hope of being prayed for and healing. These
people were thought to be powerful and with a direct connection with God. However, the
controversy against this is that there is no scripture in the Bible in support of this point; it is an
abomination to pray to the death. Before God, all believers were equal no one is regarded purer than
the other and worshiping a dead person or praying to them was a cult (George,

Saints : The Correlation Of Values And Standards Essay
Saints: The Correlation of Values and Standards
The characteristics that develop into a reputation for sanctity depend on the social context in which
the aspiring saint lives. By studying the lives of saints originating from various societal
backgrounds, we can draw conclusions about the natures of these characteristics. Social class
relations, societal gender roles, and attitudes towards secular occupations all contribute to our
modern perception of sanctity. These varied social contexts provided the saintly figures within them
with diverse and often unequal opportunities to develop reputations for exceptional holiness. The
complexions of the social contexts present throughout the Middle Ages and early Renaissance
developed biases in representation in the community of saints towards particular social groups. By
examining these disparities in representation as well as the avenues used by different groups to
acquire their saintly reputation we can gain a better understanding for what it meant to be considered
for sainthood.
The various tiers of society were accompanied by differing degrees of influence and respect. Many
of the characteristics associated with the working class such as labor and poverty were seen as being
Christ–like, but lower class individuals were often deplored by those of higher status. "But if labor
was noble, laborers were not; priests and knights were honorable; plowmen and herders were
base...To be poor was to be like Christ, yet also to be despised"

Pope John Paul 2 Research Paper
At first I found all the literature, articles, websites and even video recordings somewhat confusing.
As I read one after the other, watch media clips, I found they were contradicting one another but this
is what I took away from it all and the reason why I believe Pope John Paul II is worthy of
Sainthood.
Even in childhood, he believed that the tragedies he faced early in life was the will of God. This led
him to his greater calling in the Catholic church. Pope John Paul II did not set out his papal career to
become a saint, nevertheless, he demonstrated saintly attributes. It was his devotion to the Catholic
life, God and the desire to help those in need that aided him in his journey towards sainthood.
It was Pope John Paul II who had faith in his capacity and his status as a public figure to do
something transformative. To some, he was also known as a man of many contradictions but his
life's work speaks for itself. He broke down barriers and lessened the divide between Catholicism
and the Muslim ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He believed that man cannot be good without God. He impacted the world in a way where it will
never be the same and I don't think, the Catholic church will be either. There are countless ways in
which he left his mark, notably, theology of the body; more than 480 canonizations; peaceful
resistance to communism – a movement that would help bring down the iron curtain; inspiration of
priestly vocations, the Pope of the family – Pope Francis called him this at his canonization. A title
which he wanted to be remembered for; Catechism of the Catholic Church.
Lastly, Pope John Paul II was a remarkably holy man, a man of deep prayer who set a great example
to many generations to come however, it was only in his death that he was recognized to be worthy
of becoming a Saint and subsequently canonized by the current and residing

Definition Essay: The Restrictiveness Of Christianity
The issue of the paper is the restrictiveness of Christianity. This area is important since there are so
many rules and beliefs someone has to follow. Christianity has the Ten Commandments, steps to
sainthood, beliefs, love, and rules of religious holidays. The Ten Commandments are universal rules
written by God. In Christianity there are conditions you have to meet in order to become a Saint. If
you don't meet every single one of them then you don't become a Saint. There are rules on what you
can and can't do during religious holidays. An example of a holiday is Good Friday. People can't eat
meat because it is the day Jesus died. Same sex marriage isn't allowed. Christianity
Background/Review of Literature Rationale The question in general ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The schedule will spilt the work out evenly. One day will be researching journals online. The next
day will be researching online then typing all the information gathered down on a computer. The
most likely problem to rise up is not having enough for the fifteen pages needed. This problem will
be overcome by finding more relevant research to fill up the fifteen pages needed. The interview
will be conducted through text messaging. The criteria are that person has to be my friend and be
Christian. The plan is to talk to the only two friends who are Christian. Everything gathered will be
typed on a computer.
Expected Results There being so many rules in Christianity which reveal it to be restrictive. Vatican
II will disconfirm my hypothesis. The effect of people realizing it depends on the situation if
Christianity is restrictive or not confirms the hypothesis. Christianity has a lot of rules for Christians
to follow.
Significance and Conclusion Christianity has so many rules and tells you what to believe. Nobody
seems to realize or see that there are restrictions. This seems to be because nobody puts any thought
into how they feel about the guidelines and rules. It just always has been that way. People don't look
at how their religion could and couldn't be restrictive. This is the kind of thing people need to know
before committing to a

How Did Catherine Mcauley Change The World
Ven. Catherine McAuley planted a seed that would change the world, even after her death. She was
born September 29, 1778. Although there is some irresolvable uncertainty about the year, this is the
year that most biographers generally accept. Her father had passed away when she was very young,
and her mother passed shortly after. After the passing of her mother, she moved in with her
Protestant relatives and became friends with the Callaghans. She served as a household manager and
companion for Mrs. Callaghan. After Mr. Callaghan passed away, he left Catherine the estate,
leaving her a considerable fortune. Little did he know that Catherine was going to change the lives
of many with her inheritance. Catherine recognized the many needs of

How Did Augustine Of Hippo Change
Saint Augustine of Hippo, was an early Christian philosopher and theologian whose writings
influenced the development of western Christianity and western philosophy. He explains his beliefs
and The Confessions of Augustine is a well claimed autobiography of Augustine and an overview of
his journey to conversion from sin to sainthood. In this novel, we see Augustine grow up as a
child,to youth, and to adulthood. Throughout Augustine's journey, we are introduced to the different
people and the roles they played in his change to good. Although many played a negative role in his
journey, there were a few that impacted his journey positively and refined him into a saint such as
his father, his mother, and God. Although his father is corrupted ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Monica is a strong woman, she never gives in until she has the best for her husband and Augustine.
Even when, Patricius was being deceptive she found a calming way to understand his needs and was
even able to change him into a Christian before his death. Monica becomes terrified when she
discovers Augustine's behaviour and how he is committing numerous sins, she begins weeping for
his life. She meets a bishop one day and explains to him how she is distraught over Augustine's
behaviour and how she needs to revert him into a good christian or she may lose him forever. This is
a very important chapter in the novel, it is the turning point for Augustine as there he sees Monica
pleading with God and the Bishop for forgiveness and to teach him the right way. The bishop says,
"as you live, it cannot be that the son of these tears should perish." This meant as long as Monica
lived to guide Augustine, he will never falter under the wrong path. Augustine was able to claim
redemption; however, he wasn't ready to claim it yet. He had to find his mistakes and realize its
repercussions, then he will convert himself. Augustine could have kept under his notorious life if it
was not for his mother, unlike his father, his mother believed being a good Christian was vital.
Monica's role influenced his actions as she was able to revert him and plays the main role in his

Analysis Of The Poem 'In Search Of Our Mothers' Gardens:...
In Search of Our Mothers' Gardens: Sainthood
To use the name of a Saint generally evokes images of holy men and women of the Catholic church,
dressed in flowing robes and surrounded by an oil–painted aura. There are patron saints–those with
a sort of specialized divinity–of bakers and bellmakers, orphans and pawnbrokers, soldiers and
snake bites, soldiers and writers. Each is a Catholic who lived a life deemed particularly holy and
was named, postmortem, by the Pope to sainthood. This construct, I find, is something of an empty
set of ideas. The process of canonization is one notorious for its pecuniary nature and tendencies
toward corruption. What kind of hope, then, can one possibly be offered by a long–dead person so
chosen? ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She tells of women like Phyllis Wheatley, a magnificent poet even with her handicap of "own[ing]
not even herself" (697). She recalls women like Aretha Franklin and Billie Holiday who, though not
enslaved, tore through the trappings of prejudice to save their art. Walker remembers her own
mother, whose ability and determination to create visual beauty transcended not only the boundaries
of bondage but also those of death, inspiring her daughter many years after she ceased to live. I
would challenge the notion that these women were not "entitled to public veneration" and I believe
Walker would emphatically agree that all of them, perhaps particularly her own mother, were
"capable of interceding" in the lives of people on earth. I agree, then, that these women like Zora
Hurston and Phyllis Wheatley can indeed be called saints, irreverently canonized by their
knowledge of "the secret of what has fed that muzzled and often mutilated, but vibrant, creative
spirit that the black woman has inherited" (699).
In addition, though she does not explicitly include her, I believe that Walker would agree
wholeheartedly to the addition of Harriet Jacobs to the list of Sainted woman. Jacobs was a slave
born in North Carolina in 1815. She, under the forced anonymity of a pen name, wrote the story of
her captivity and the horrors she endured therein. One has only to read Jacobs' words to realize that
she was not merely a sufferer who wrote for the purpose of

Baroque Art
The era of Baroque Art is one of artistic freedom and innovation but also served as a way to achieve
political and religious objectives. It was a response to the "battles of faith between Catholics and
Protestants" . The counter reformation, or the catholic reformation, was a time of resurgence within
the catholic faith in response to the Protestant reformation, beginning with the proclamation of the
Council of Trent (1545–1563), throughout the 16th and 17th century. The catholic church responded
to the Protestants opposition to "cult images" of saints and Christ by promoting religious imagery
and holy pictures as never before . The counter reformation influenced the style of Baroque art as a
tool to guide and implement the Catholic faith. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Thomas of Aquinas, epitomizes the values of delectore, movere and docere in order to create a
religious conversion from the audience. This can be summed up as a paintings purpose is "to teach,
to delight and to move" in order to generate a reaction from the viewer . Di Tito has painted the
Dominican St Thomas kneeling in a religious exuberance in front of a crucified Jesus, surrounded
by St Catherine of Alexandra who is an emblem of faith, the Virgin Mary, Mary Magdalene and St
John. The painting depicts the miracle which occurred when Christ spoke to the St Thomas from a
painting, which parallels with the similar experience the viewer has when observing this work of art
. The depth and intensity of St. Thomas's faith, allows for the image to disappear to be replaced by
the real event. The idea of illusions come into play as the other figures in the painting seem to move
out of the altarpiece painting and into physical space, playing with the idea of perspective
manipulation . Di Tito's style creates "no boundar[ies] between the spectators reality" and that of the
painting creating a blurred line between the real and the visionary . This paintings portrays the
transparency of a narrative (delectare), "purity of feeling" (movere), and the

The Importance Of Morality In Things Fall Apart
How do we decide what is good? How do we decide what is bad? We make these decisions based on
our morality, which is the "principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong or good
and bad behaviour." Morality groups people together, and, as Jonathan Haidt says, "it gives us
tribalism, it gives us genocide, war, and politics. But it also gives us heroism, altruism, and
sainthood."
Things Fall Apart is a work of fiction that deals with issues relating to morality. The Igbo natives
and white colonizers had differing ideas about what is moral and what is immoral, which led to the
white men jailing the natives for killing twins and mutilating Ogbanje children. Additionally, the
Igbo in the village of Umuofia burned the house of another village named Enoch and a church that
the white men built. They believed that they were justified in doing these things because Enoch had
unmasked an Egwugwu, an ancestral spirit, but the white men thought otherwise. In retaliation, the
District Commissioner of the white colonizers invited the village leaders to a meeting where he
imprisoned them until they payed a hefty fine. Many of the things that the Igbo believed was
completely reasonable was seen as completely intolerable by the white colonizers.
Morality also has a large effect on who we view as heroes, altruists, and saints. Mother Teresa is
viewed as a saint by the public, while Bill Gates is hated and Norman Borlaug is hardly known,
even though Gates and Borlaug did much more objectively saintly things. Gates and Borlaug have
saved millions of lives, while Teresa only provided very primitive medical care to "sick patrons. The
reason that only one out of these three, Mother Teresa, is seen as a saint, is because of our morality.
" In contrast to Teresa, who has been "beatified by the Vatican, awarded the Nobel Peace Prize and
ranked in an American poll as the most admired person of the 20th century," Bill Gates "has been
decapitated in effigy in 'I Hate Gates' websites and hit with a pie in the face." The reason Bill Gates
is hated is because he is the world's richest man, so we view him as money–hungry and selfish. In
reality, the opposite is true, but people ignore that fact. Borlaug kept himself and his work

Sufism Research Paper
As Sufism had become more and more public to the masses, many Sufis themselves became nervous
of the degradation of their spiritual discipline and its embodiment by charlatans posing as Sufis. In
the introduction of his Epistle on Sufism, al–Qushayri presents these developments as the reason
why preservation of previous Sufi figures and a codification of the states and stations became
necessary. He wrote, "Know...that the majority of those true Sufis have become extinct and, in our
age, nothing is left of them but their traces...This [Sufi] path has been overcome by weakness, nay
the path has in fact completely disappeared" (al–Qushayri 2). Furthermore, one of the groups that
appeared to be appropriating and corrupting Sufism was the antinomians and libertines. In his
critique, The Idiocy of Antinomians, Abu Hamid al–Ghazali (d. 505/1111) blasted the "false Sufis,"
who claim to be Sufis but completely disregarded Islamic law, for "they freely ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
While many scholars have debated whether such types of people should be included under the vast
Sufi umbrella, this movement, which had begun by the sixth/twelfth century, has become an
indispensable piece in the analysis of renunciation trends in Islam.
Ahmet Karamustafa's book God's Unruly Friends has become the textbook for studying the
development of antinomian trends within Islam and the Islamic regions. Karamustafa does not
characterize these new figures as charlatans and fake Sufis like al–Ghazali does, but rather as very
calculating groups, who were dedicated to a new form of renunciation premised on the "rejection of
society," primarily through "'outrageous social deviance'"

Pope Pius XII: Hitler's Actions During The Holocaust
For decades a debate has rampaged on whether Pope Pius XII was Hitler's Pope or amiable Supreme
Pontiff regarding his actions during the Holocaust, one cartoonist, entitled Steve Greenberg,
illustrated his judgements on the dispute. Published in the Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles,
Greenberg created a piece entitled "Pope Pius" [Figure 1] which refers to the way that Pius XII
handled the Holocaust and incorporates the recent occurrence of Pope Benedict XVI pushing Pius
for canonization. The image depicts Pius standing idle with flames blazing behind him and Jew's
hands reaching for aid at the bottom of the fire near Pius, all with Nazi flags elevated above the
other components of the cartoon; next to Pius stands Pope Benedict, the only ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
This Lilliputian addition to this work signifies that Greenberg wanted the viewer to know that those
up–reaching hands were Jews, not any supplementary tyrannized group. Accordingly, these hands
symbolize the Jewish population which is a vital component of the cartoonist's message. If left
unlabeled those hands could just be symbolizing the persecuted groups in general, like the Poles and
disabled, but by classifying the victims Greenberg is specifically referencing how the Jews were
ignored by Pope Pius. This labeling is noteworthy to the entire cartoon because it switches the main
message from Pope Pius doing nothing to aid the Holocaust victims to him not assisting the Jews.
By doing this Greenberg also creates a juxtaposition between the Catholicism of the Pope and the
Judaism of the portrayed victims, consequently helping to clearly define the key characters or
groups in this artwork. So, the labeling of the Star of David visually isolates the Jews as the
persecuted group in question, making it apparent that Greenberg is calling Pope Pius out for not
helping the Jews

Explication Of Auden's 'American Dream'
This poem dramatizes the conflict between liberty and servility by giving an account of a common
man's life through the "reports" (3) of the higher ups like the "Bureau of Statistics" (1). The speaker
tells the reader how this man had "in everything he did served the Greater Community" (5), and
"satisfied his employers" (8). He was a regular Joe, one who "liked a drink" (13) and "bought a
paper every day" (14). He had "everything necessary to the Modern Man" (20) and is said to be "a
saint" (4). This man is quintessentially living the so entitled "American Dream" that many strive for.
Despite this, there are some things in Auden's poem that indicate that this man, amidst a nation of
liberty, was actually servile to higher powers. Auden's

Living Morally Is Important And Essential To Enacting Moral
Living morally is important and essential to enacting moral decisions in every facet of life.
Immanuel Kant created three maxims that emphasize stringent moral duties that every human must
adhere to in order to be as morally perfect as possible. Conversely, Susan Wolf argues that morality
is fundamentally achieved through a unification in rational and flexible moderation. Wolf further
exclaims that being too moral would diminish other qualities necessary to lead a full moral life.
Following absolute moral duties or a "code," may be objectionable to many by denying oneself of
being truly moral and benefiting the greatest number in society. In Wolf's essay "Moral Saints," she
examines the issues of an absolute rigid moral code advocated ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
These maxims are unifying moral laws to provide one with tools for enacting moral duty through
one's actions. While these laws emphasize the importance of rationality, consistency, respectability
and impartiality necessary to live a moral life, Kant's moral views transcend all contexts and all
societies denying any room for deviation within moral reason and lacking any formidable middle
ground. By only providing hard truths to these three maxims, Kant counters one's happiness in
opposition to morality. Moreover, when utilizing Kantian ethics, one is exerting cognitive efforts to
arrive at a rationalized moral conclusion, thus having "one thought too many" (Wolf 431). Kant's
moral duties have no limit to the extent that one may follow, thus they may dominate one's life as
one strives perpetually to become further virtuous. Susan Wolf opens her essay "Moral Saints," by
stating, "I don't know whether there are any moral saints. But if there are, I am glad that neither I nor
those about whom I care most are among them" (Wolf 419). Wolf clearly demonstrates her position
on the matter of moral saints, individuals who derive every motivation of actions by being as
morally good as possible. Wolf objects that a "moral saint" can lead a healthy life and live happily
while doing so. Instead, a moral saint lacks the "ability to enjoy the enjoyable in life," and this ideal
sainthood is conflicting as desires

Pope Francis: A Sacred And Praiseworthy Purpose
I chose the article concerning the upcoming visitation of Pope Francis by the title of "A Sacred and
Praiseworthy Purpose". This article speaks about the reason for Pope Francis visit, which is to
deliver a mass at the National Cathedral where he is expected to finalize sainthood for the eighteenth
century Franciscan Missionary Junipero Serra, whom was nicknamed "the Evangelizer of the West"
by Pope Francis (Newcomb, 2015). Pope Alexander VI's edicts gave credence to the missionary's
worthiness of sainthood as being deemed worthy by carrying out the churches spiritual conquests
through the authority of the Saint Peter and victoriate of Jesus Christ (Newcomb, 2015). Newcomb
goes on to discuss how the churches detail how the Holy See is in denial

Rhetorical Analysis Of Mahatma Gandhi By George Orwell
Mahatma Gandhi is a memorable and admired individual in history. He was the leader of many
nonviolent movements and created the policy of Satyagraha, enabling his many followers to
peacefully attain independence. Gandhi is viewed as a saint for his actions to improve humanity.
George Orwell makes an argument supporting human imperfection over sainthood. In the passage,
Orwell says that people should not strive for perfection because it is impossible; therefore sainthood
cannot be attained by humans. George Orwell's unbiased and serious tone enables him to present an
effective argument. He utilizes juxtaposition and evidence to validate his claim. Orwell uses
juxtaposition to support his point that sainthood is unachievable for humans. He says

Albert Camus And His Views On Existentialism Essay

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from Tiffany Sandoval

More from Tiffany Sandoval (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Albert Camus And His Views On Existentialism Essay