It is based upon the psychodynamic theory of personality given by Carl Jung. It also include the MBTI.

1. PSYSCHODYNAMIC
THEORY OF PERSONALITY
CARL JUNG AND MBTI
PRESENTED BY –
SURAJ KUMAR

2. The Core Idea
 The essence of Jung’s theory of psychological types is simple; when our minds
are active and we are awake, we are alternating between taking in
information and making decisions in our internal and external worlds. Jung
identified eight different patterns for how we carry out these mental activities
commonly referred to as the function- attitudes, functions- in-attitude or the
eight mental processes. He created these patterns through combining his
opposite pairs of attitudes and functions. Jung described these eight different
patterns in his book entitled Psychological Types through characterizations of
people who habitually prefer one pattern over another – his “eight types.”
Jung’s eight types are the roots of the well known 16 MBTI® types.

3. The Attitudes and Functions
The Attitudes –
Extraversion and
Introversion
The Functions –
Perceiving and
Judging

4. The Attitudes – Extraversion and
Introversion
 The first pair of opposites that Jung identified was the two opposite
ways in which we adapt to, or orient ourselves to, the world.
 These are Jung’s attitudes of Extraversion and Introversion:
 Extraversion – Our energy moves toward the outer world of people,
places and things; the world outside of us
 Introversion – Our energy moves toward the inner world of thoughts
and ideas; the world inside of us

5. The Functions – Perceiving and
Judging
 Sensing Perception
 iNtuitive Perception
 Thinking Judgment
 Feeling Judgment

6. Cont.
 Jung observed that one’s preference for Extraversion or Introversion
could not alone account for the many behavioral differences he
observed between people.
 For this reason, he identified two opposite mental functions that we
use to take in information or Perceive – the Perceiving functions of
Sensing and Intuition.
 Sensing Perception – The process of collecting concrete data
through using our five senses
 iNtuitive Perception (iNtuition) – The process by which we make
connections and infer meanings beyond sensory data

7. Cont.
 Jung also coined two opposite mental functions that we use to
evaluate information or make decisions; ways to Judge, or the
Judging functions of Thinking and Feeling:
 Thinking Judgment – The process we use for evaluating information
by applying objective and logical criteria
 Feeling Judgment – The process we use for evaluating information
by considering what is important to me and you
 As is the case with the energy attitudes, Jung determined that we
have an innate pre-disposition to habitually use – or prefer – one of
the four functions over the others. We either prefer, or have energy
to devote to, using one of our Perceiving functions of Sensing or
Intuition over our Judging functions; or we have more energy and
are more comfortable using one of our Judging functions of
Thinking or Feeling over our Perceiving functions.

8. The Eight Mental Functions-in-Attitude

9. Cont.
 Jung observed that the attitudes of Extraversion and Introversion
were always used in conjunction with either a Perceiving function
or a Judging function.
 The four functions (Sensing, Intuition, Thinking, and Feeling) with the
two attitudes (Extraversion and Introversion) combine to create the
eight mental Functions-in-Attitude attitude, which Jung called his
“eight types.” These eight mental functions in their particular
attitude form the core of Jung’s theory of psychological types;
these are the eight functions that we call upon to adapt to the
world.

10. Cont.
 Function-Attitude Definition
 Extraverted Sensing Outward and active focus on the objective
world and on gathering factual data and sensory experiences.
 Introverted Sensing Inward and reflective focus on subjective
sensory experiences and on the storing of factual historical data.
 Extraverted Intuition Outward and active focus on the new, the
possibilities and meanings/ patterns in the objective world.
 Introverted Intuition Inward and reflective focus on the subjective
world of symbols, meanings, insight and patterns that come up
from the unconscious.

11. Cont.
 Extraverted Thinking Outward and active focus on applying logical order to
the objective world through building structure, organization and making
decisions
 Introverted Thinking Inward and reflective focus on the subjective world of
reason that seeks understanding through finding the logical principles
behind phenomena.
 Extraverted Feeling Outward and active focus on bringing order to the
objective world through building and seeking harmony with others and
alignment with openly expressed values.
 Introverted Feeling Inward and reflective focus on the subjective world of
deeply felt values that seeks harmony through alignment of personal
behavior with those values and evaluation of phenomena in light of those
values.

12. Cont.
 In Jungian terms, we define our type by our dominant function,
which is our most preferred mental function. For example, if we like
to use Extraverted Sensing more than any of the other seven
mental functions, Extraverted Sensing is our dominant function and
we are an Extraverted Sensing Type.
 Jung stated that we can experience energy depletion and fatigue
when we use our other mental functions for too long. Jung went so
far as to say that it could be psychologically detrimental to our well
being when our environment does not support us in the use of our
dominant function; he called this “falsification of type

13. The Theory in Practice
 It takes some reading and practice to understand the eight
function-attitudes and the manner in which they operate within
your type. However, the more you read and practice, the more
familiar you will become with the core of Jung’s psychological type
theory. It is through our understanding of Jung’s core theory and
the eight mental functions-in-attitude, that we find the real richness
and depth of type

14. An Example of Using the Function-
Attitudes
 Here is an example of how you might use all of the mental functions in their
attitudes at the grocery store for a dinner party you are planning.
 As you drive to the store, you have formed an internal image of how the
party will look (Introverted iNtuition). You get to the store and you see that
the tomatoes do not look ripe (Extraverted Sensing). You determine you
will forgo the tomato salad since you want your friends to feel good
(Extraverted Feeling). You immediately start to brainstorm other options as
you move through the produce isle (Extraverted iNtuition) while examining
the other vegetables (Extraverted Sensing

15. Cont.
 You pass the blueberries and recall the documentary you just saw on child
labor in blueberry fields (Introverted Sensing). That treatment of children is
inexcusable, so you decide not to purchase the blueberries to make the
blueberry tart you had thought about (Introverted Feeling). You pass the
bakery and see a carrot cake (Extraverted Sensing) that takes you back to
the birthday dinner your mom made for you last year (Introverted Sensing).
You look at your watch and determine that you had better move a bit
faster as you have only a couple of hours left to prepare (Extraverted
Thinking). You turn your attention to your thoughts to internally structure the
rest of your day (Introverted Thinking).

16. About the MBTI® Instrument
 The MBTI® assessment is a self-report questionnaire created by Katharine
Briggs and Isabel Briggs Myers to make Carl Jung’s complex theory of
psychological types useful and understandable in our everyday life. The
MBTI® personality assessment is the most widely used personality instrument
in history. Based on 70 years of research and development, the MBTI® tool
has a sound and proven record as a successful instrument in the field of
human psychology and development. As such, it has worldwide
acceptance as the gold standard of personality assessments. The MBTI®
has been translated into 23 different languages and is the most widely
used instrument in the world for understanding differences, with well over 1
million yearly global administrations.

17. In essence, the MBTI® instrument is:
 An assessment that gives people access to their psychological type, or
they way in which they process information.
 A self-report questionnaire, the results of which are validated by the
person taking the instrument.
 A non-judgmental assessment that has no right or wrong answers.
 Constructed using questions that have been researched and tested to
accurately indicate innate preferences or mental patterns on four
dichotomies resulting in 16 different personality types.

18. Why is the MBTI® Instrument so
Popular?
 The MBTI® Type Indicator maintains its commanding popularity among
psychological instruments because it has a strong theoretical foundation
— Jung’s psychological type — and is a sound and researched model.
 The MBTI® questionnaire and psychological type are valuable tools in any
human situation or interaction. Millions of people worldwide who have
taken the assessment have not only had the “aha” experience of
validating who they really are, but have come to a profound
understanding of the why behind their behavior.

19. The MBTI® inventory and knowledge
of ones’ type:
 Promotes self-awareness and personal choice
 Helps to identify differences between normal healthy individuals Fosters
appreciation for differences between people
 Assists in identifying unique gifts and areas for growth and development
 Promotes understanding and effective cooperation between people
 Facilitates individuals and groups to make constructive use of these

20. How the MBTI
Indicator® Instrument Can Help You
 Education through an understanding of teaching and learning styles
 Career counseling by helping people to find job fulfillment and satisfaction
 Organizational development through building high performing teams,
developing leaders, managing professional development and
performance improvement, boosting retention, implementing change,
developing sales forces and improving customer service
 Personal and spiritual growth and development by following personal
paths for improvement
 Family relationships between couples, parents and children
 Health care delivery by providing healthcare customized to patient