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G L O B A L   I S S U E S   I N   P E R S P E C T I V E




                                                          q2
THINK Q2 2011
THINK Q2 2011
I S S U E         1 7       2 0 1 1




G L O B A L                   I S S U E S                   I N       P E R S P E C T I V E




20 thE 2011 globAl                                                 44 thE NEw worlD orDEr                                         60 AN APPY MEDIUM
      coMPEtIvENEss forUM                                              China’s exponential growth as an economic                       Applications development has become big business,
This year’s GCF’s had leaders from diverse backgrounds            superpower has important lessons for other economies.           growing into a multi-billion dollar industry in just a few years.
discussing how innovation can add a competitive edge.
                                                                   52 fooD INsEcUrItY                                             70 A vIEw froM thE toP
 30 MINEr IssUEs – MAJor ProblEM                                        While rising food prices threaten global stability, the        A slew of upscale property openings around the
      After a spate of high-profile incidents, the mining         solution may lie in alternate agricultural practices.           world are revving up tourism.
industry is working hard to clean up its act.
                                                                   56 sPEllINg sUccEss                                             74 soN of thE soIl
 34 trIcKs of thE trADE                                                 Dyslexics’ strong visual and spatial skills                     The second artist to exhibit under the aegis of Project
      The theft of millions in carbon credits has made            and lateral thinking abilities makes them great                 60, Abdullah Hamas’s work is deeply rooted in his heritage
regulators sit up and take note.                                  entrepreneurs.                                                  and culture.


04
“rEcogNIsINg thAt Its
                                                       coMPEtItIvE ADvANtAgE Is
                                                     Not thrEAtENED If thE worlD
                                                    UsEs solAr AND wIND ENErgY,
                                                      thIs rEgIoN shoUlD sEEK to
                                                     bEcoME thE EPIcENtrE of thE
                                                    sUstAINAblE ENErgY EcoNoMY
                                                    of thE worlD. wE NEED to UsE
                                                      thE rEsoUrcEs UNDErNEAth
                                                     thE groUND to crEAtE MorE
                                                       oPPortUNItIEs for thosE
                                                    PEoPlE thAt ArE oN toP of It.”
                                                         ForMEr US PrESIdENT BILL CLINToN




78 bEYoND thE boArDrooM                                      regulars                                                                 opinion
   Trends in fashion, gadgets and lifestyle for spring
                                                             11   sPEctrUM                        83   fUtUrE thINKINg                26   cEo sPEAKs                     51   thINKINg
                                                                  The best and brightest ideas         An energy-efficient offshore        to thINK                            forwArD
                                                                  from around the world                marine research centre              Meet Magatte                        Philip Stanton on the new
                                                                                                                                           Wade-Marchand, a                    developments shaping the
                                                             17   Art+cUltUrE                     85   booKs                               compassionate capitalist.           Middle East
                                                                  A look at the flourishing art        THINK reviews the best
                                                                  scene in Saudi Arabia                reads this quarter             40   thINK                          64   whAt Do
                                                                                                                                           roUNDtAblE                          YoU thINK
                                                             69   ProfIlE                         86   vIsIoNArY                           How cross-border bourses are        Students from around the
                                                                  Calvin Chin is making                Eco-activist and Nobel              gaining a competitive edge          world discuss if sports can
                                                                  tertiary education accessible        Laureate Wangari Maathai            through large-scale mergers.        be an engine for growth


                                                                                                                                                                                                        05
Sagia EdITorIAL AdvISor                           Fahd M Hamidaddin
                                                               ProjECT LEAdEr                           Aseel A Al-Zamil

                                   motivate publiShing EdITor-IN-CHIEF                                  Obaid Humaid Al Tayer
                                     GroUP EdITor + MANAGING PArTNEr                                    Ian Fairservice
                                                  GroUP SENIor EdITor                                   Gina Johnson

                                                                         GroUP EdITor                   Catherine Belbin catherine@motivate.ae
                                                                         dEPUTy EdITor                  Shalaka Paradkar shalaka@motivate.ae
                                                                       CHIEF SUB EdITor                 Iain Smith iain@motivate.ae
                                                                    EdITorIAL ASSISTANT                 Belinda Igaya belinda@motivate.ae

                                 GENErAL MANAGEr GroUP SALES                                            Anthony Milne anthony@motivate.ae
                                SENIor AdvErTISEMENT MANAGEr                                            Rowena Miranda rowena@motivate.ae
                                 dEPUTy AdvErTISEMENT MANAGEr                                           Omar Al Eit omar@motivate.ae
                    GENErAL MANAGEr – ProdUCTIoN + CIrCULATIoN                                          S. Sasidharan sasidharan@motivate.ae
                                          ProdUCTIoN MANAGEr                                            C. Sudhakar sudhakar@motivate.ae

                                                                    dESIGN                              Design Studio
                                              INTErNATIoNAL CorrESPoNdENTS                              Steve Hill, Joanne Molina, Lisa Vincenti, Dorothy Waldman, Richard Warren, Samia Qaiyum
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         C

                                                        SAuDI ARABIAn GEnERAL InVESTMEnT AuTHORITy (SAGIA)
                                                                  SAGIA HEADQuARTERS                    Imam Saud Bin Abdulaziz Road (university Road), PO Box 5927, Riyadh 11432, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,                                                              M


                                                                                                        T +966 1 203 5555 F +966 1 263 2894 E Info@sagia.gov.sa
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Y


                                                                             SAGIA InTERnATIOnAL OFFICES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CM

                                                                    MIddLE EAST & AFrICA                Hatem A Al-Ahmad; E mena@sagia.gov.sa
                                                                                        EUroPE          Mai Al-Torki; E europe@sagia.gov.sa
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        MY



                                                                                        FrANCE          Lucile Pons van der Slikke; E france@sagia.gov.sa                                                                                                               CY


                                                                                             ITALy      Mai Al-Torki; E italy@sagia.gov.sa                                                                                                                              CMY

                                                                                    GErMANy             dahlia T rahaimy; E germany@sagia.gov.sa
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         K
                                                                         UNITEd KINGdoM                 Sara Bouzo; E uk@sagia.gov.sa
                                                                               THE AMErICAS             Ahmed Islam; E americas@sagia.gov.sa
                                                                         WASHINGToN dC                  Ahmed Islam; E americas@sagia.gov.sa
                                                                                     EAST ASIA          Noriko Sozuki; E japan@sagia.gov.sa
                                                                                    WEST ASIA           Meshari S. Al-Khaled; E singapore@sagia.gov.sa

                                                                                    MOTIVATE PuBLISHInG
                                                                                 HEAd oFFICE            Po Box 2331, dubai, United Arab Emirates
                                                                                                        T +971 4 282 4060 F +971 4 282 4436 E motivate@motivate.ae
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                                                                                      LoNdoN            E: motivateuk@motivate.ae
                                                                      InTERnATIOnAL MEDIA REPRESEnTATIVES
                                                                                     AUSTrALIA          okeeffe Media; E okeeffekev@bigpond.com.au
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                                                                                    GErMANy             IMv International Media Service GmbH; E j.hoffmann@vhb.de
                                                                                           INdIA        Media Star; E ravi@mediastar.co.in
                                                                                             ITALy      IMM Italia; E lucia.colucci@fastwebnet.it
                                                                                           jAPAN        Skynet Media Inc.; E skynetmedia@y2.dion.ne.jp
                                                                                         TUrKEy         Media Ltd; E mediamarketingtr@medialtd.com.tr
                                                                         UNITEd KINGdoM                 Spafax Inflight Media; E nhopkins@spafax.com
                                                                               UNITEd STATES            redwood Custom Communications Inc.; E brigitte.baron@redwoodcc.com
                                                                                      PrINTING          Emirates Printing Press, Dubai


               Motivate Publishing LLC, on behalf of Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority, publishes THINK quarterly. SAGIA and Motivate Publishing do not accept liability for errors or omissions contained in this publication for whatever reason, however
               caused. The opinions and views contained in this publication are not necessarily those of SAGIA or of the publishers. SAGIA and the publishers take no responsibility for the goods and services advertised. All materials are protected by copyright.
sagia.gov.sa                     All rights are reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form whatsoever without the written permission of the copyright owner, except as may be permitted by applicable laws.
SHINY DESIGN BY RADO




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THINK Q2 2011
edit
                                                                                                                                                          Q2 2011




tHinKing on a new plane
Rejuvenation has been uppermost on our minds as        Wade’s “compassionate capitalism” rejuvenated an        thinking. It implies THINKing about how routine
we come to terms with the turmoil of recent events,    impoverished African economy, thereby creating jobs     processes can be made more sustainable, more




                                                                                                                                                                         In TransIT II, 2010, ABdULNASSEr GHArEM
whether wreaked by nature or the financial markets.    and wealth. Or in China, where the world’s largest      efficient and more profitable.
  In this issue of THINK, our international            country has embraced a new way of thinking to              THINK of it as a spa treatment for your mind –
correspondents set about finding ideas and             become the world’s second-largest economy. Carbon       rejuvenating the way you think about the same old,
innovations that rejuvenate.                           credits have rejuvenated the thinking about how         same old.
  Be it profit generation, as exemplified by Magatte   businesses can cut emissions and still be profitable.
Wade, one of the speakers at the fifth annual Global     World-renowned lateral thinking expert Edward         Catherine Belbin
Competitiveness Forum organised by SAGIA.              de Bono says the way forward lies in value-added        Group Editor                   THINK@motivate.ae


                                                                                                                                                                    09
THINK Q2 2011
spectrum


 tHe rigHt
place at tHe
 rigHt time
           wrIttEN bY stEvE hIll


  revolutionary work in the fields of crop
  growth and medicine, the world’s most
liveable city, plus new hotels and football
    facilities for Saudi Arabia make the
                    headlines




                                              011
spectrum

oN trAcK
The designs of four stations conceived
by Foster & Partners for the Haramain
high-speed railway in Saudi Arabia have
been revealed.
   The cities of Makkah, Madinah,
jeddah and the developing King
Abdullah Economic City in the west will
be connected by the railway, which will
provide a new link for pilgrims travelling
during the Hajj. Islamic architectural
traditions have influenced the design
of 25 metre-high arches in each of the
stations, due to be completed by May
2013.

toP of thE clAss
Seven of the 10 most reputable
universities in the world – and 45 of the
leading 100 – are American, according
                                               CoUrTESy oF SINGAPorE ToUrISM BoArd




to the results of a global poll published
by Times Higher Education. Harvard
was at the top of the list followed by the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Two British universities – Cambridge
(third) and oxford (sixth) – also feature in
the top 10. japan is the only other nation
to break into the top ten with Tokyo



                                                                                     growing Wealth
University in eighth place.                                                                                                                                                                   surpass Canada, Britain and Switzerland to
   rankings were based on a survey of                                                                                                                                                         become the sixth richest economy in the world
more than 13,000 academics from 131                                                                                                                                                           by 2050. The report stated that Singapore
countries.                                                                                                                                                                                    retained its position as the globe’s richest
                                                                                     sAUDI ArAbIA will become the richest                  average of more than $98,000 per annum,            economy, in terms of GDP per capita by 2050,
                                                                                     economy in the Middle East in terms of GDP            according to a forecast by Citibank.               at $137,710 followed by Hong Kong ($116,639)
                                                                                     per capita by 2050 when citizens will earn an           It also predicted that Saudi Arabia will         and Taiwan ($114,093).




                                                                                                                                           Bloomberg
                                                                                                                                           Businessweek’s best
                                                                                                                                           undergrad B-school for 2011
                                                                                                                                           for thE second consecutive year, the               study abroad at an international institution like
sPortINg goAl
World football powerhouse real Madrid
                                                                                     museum’s Boost                                        University of Notre Dame’s Mendoza College
                                                                                                                                           of Business won top spot in Bloomberg
                                                                                                                                                                                              Cass Business School in London or Bocconi
                                                                                                                                                                                              University in Milan.
has inked an agreement with the Prince                                               thE forD Foundation has contributed $3                Businessweek’s ranking of the best undergraduate     The rest of the places in the top 10 went
Salman Foundation to build a sports                                                  million towards the final construction costs of the   business programmes in the USA.                    to (in order of ranking): University of
academy in Saudi Arabia for 300                                                      new building housing New York’s Museum for              Students at Mendoza have the option of           Pennsylvania (Wharton), Cornell University
children. The Spanish club currently has                                             African Art, which is due to open later this year.    studying abroad in countries like Egypt and        (Dyson), Ithaca, N.Y, University of Michigan
68 academies in 32 countries.                                                          The Ford Foundation Lobby will be an                South Africa. Second place went to University      (Ross), Ann Arbor, Villanova University,
   Madrid President Florentino Perez said:                                           integral part of the $90-million museum               of Virginia’s McIntire School of Commerce          Pennsylvania, University of North Carolina
“The academy will serve as a marvellous                                              which has been designed by Robert AM Stern            (McIntire Undergraduate Business Profile).         (Kenan-Flagler), Chapel Hill, Massachusetts
alliance and will allow us to open several                                           Architects. Other donors to the museum                After McIntire is Emory’s Goizueta Business        Institute of Technology (Sloan), Cambridge,
others across the 13 provinces of Saudi                                              include David Rockefeller, John Tishman and           School (Goizueta Undergraduate Business            and Georgetown University (McDonough),
Arabia.”                                                                             the Walt Disney Company.                              Profile), a programme that enables students to     Washington, D.C.

012
spectrum


sky’s
the limit
ExPErts IN Qatar are getting creative
in preparation for the 2022 World Cup. Dr.
Saud Abdul Ghani, head of Mechanical and
Industrial Engineering at Qatar University,
has unveiled the design of an artificial helium-
filled cloud to float over Doha’s open-air
stadiums, shading and cooling the grounds
during matches.                                                                                                                                      E-booKs INNovAtIoN
   The project will be executed in collaboration                                                                                                     rufoof, a bookstore application that
with Qatar Science and Technology Park.                                                                                                              targets the Arab audience with more than
Estimated to cost $500,000, the remote-                                                                                                              4,500 books covering various sectors,
controlled cloud will be made of 100 per cent                                                                                                        was launched in Saudi Arabia at the
light carbonic materials and fuelled by four                                                                                                         Second International Conference on
solar-powered engines, flying at a very high                                                                                                         e-Learning staged in riyadh.
altitude to block direct and indirect sunrays.                                                                                                          The rufoof app download is free


                                                    Final Frontiers
                                                                                                                                                     and can be downloaded from itunes.
                                                                                                                                                     Users can view a wide range of titles
                                                                                                                                                     in different categories and download
                                                   DiScovery, naSa’s oldest surviving space shuttle, will be sent to the Smithsonian                 a sample to have the content available
                                                   institute for display after being retired from active duty. it racked up nearly 240               even when the device is offline.
                                                   million kilometres over the course of 39 missions in 27 years, spending 365 days in
                                                   space. Discovery flew to the international Space Station 13 times and carried a total             fAr tEAchINg
                                                   of 184 astronauts. naSa’s two other shuttles are also set to be retired following the             King Abdulaziz University has become
                                                   end of the space shuttle programme.                                                               a member of the SAP University Alliance
                                                                                                                                                     Programme – a global endeavour that
                                                                                                                                                     helps faculty members teach students
                                                                                                                                                     how technology can enable integrated
                                                                                                                                                     business processes and strategic thinking.
                                                                                                                                                       Professor osama Bin Sadeq Tayyeb,


 taking Flight
                                                                                                     economy-class seats. The remaining jetliners    President of King Abdulaziz University,
                                                                                                     are in the new High Density configuration,      said: “We have selected SAP’s business
                                                                                                     which accommodates 14 business-class and        solutions for their functionality to support
                                                                                                     327 economy-class seats.                        teaching, learning and business
 boEINg AND Saudi Arabian Airlines are             range) is scheduled to be completed later this      First class seats feature 39.1cm in-seat      processes, enabling us to improve
 teaming up to modernise the carrier’s fleet of    year.                                             video monitors with PC power and powered        our financial management, maintain
 777s to enhance passenger experience. The           Eight of the aeroplanes feature Saudi Arabian   seat adjustment, while Business Class seats     operational excellence, improve
 cabin modification programme involving the        Airlines’ new Business Market configuration,      have 30.7cm in-seat video monitors, also with   productivity and ensure best-practice.”
 interiors of 22 Boeing 777-200ERs (extended       with 24 first class, 38 business-class and 170    PC power and powered adjustment capability.       The university, established in 1967,
                                                                                                                                                     now boasts 140,000 students.

                                                                                                                                                     clEAN brEAK
                                                                                                                                                     Investment in clean energy hit record
                                                                                                                                                     levels in 2010, climbing 30 per cent
                                                                                                                                                     to $243 billion according to the latest
                                                                                                                                                     analysis of global renewable energy
                                                                                                                                                     markets by Ernst & young. However, there
                                                                                                                                                     is concern that government spending cuts
                                                                                                                                                     around the world could restrict continued
                                                                                                                                                     expansion of the industry.
                                                                                                                                                        China remains the clear global leader
                                                                                                                                                     in terms of renewable energy with its
                                                                                                                                                     wind capacity increasing by 64 per cent
                                                                                                                                                     in 2010.


                                                                                                                                                                                          013
spectrum

PowEr lIst
Lubna olayan, the CEo of riyadh-based
olayan Financing Company, is the
second most powerful Arab woman in
the world according to CEo Middle East
magazine.
   olayan Financing was launched
by her father in 1947 and has grown
to become one of the nation’s most
successful conglomerates. olayan, who
in 2004 spoke at the WEF in davos,
Switzerland is also on the board of the
Beirut-based Arab Thought Foundation.




                                            top of the crops
                                                                                                                                                                                      Regions where water quantity and quality
                                                                                                                                                                                    are limited, such as Saudi Arabia and the
                                                                                                                                                                                    Middle East, could benefit by growing crops
                                                                                                                                                                                    engineered for stress tolerance, which would
                                            rEsEArchErs at King Abdullah                                                          resistance of current crop varieties. Dr Magdy    address the problem of the nutritional needs
                                            University of Science and Technology                                                  Mahfouz and his research team have been           of a growing population and pave the way for
                                            (KAUST) have developed technology that                                                looking at a new way of genetically engineering   surplus crops to be exported to GM-restrictive
                                            could improve the quality, yield and disease                                          plants to tolerate aggressive environments.       markets like Japan.




                                            the place
                                            to Be
lUPUs brEAKthroUgh                          vANcoUvEr has emerged as the most
The US Food and drug Administration         liveable city in the world for the fifth successive
has approved the first new treatment for    year, under an annual index compiled by the
lupus in more than 50 years.                Economist Intelligence Unit.
   Benlysta is an injectable drug              A combination of stability, healthcare,
developed over 15 years by US biotech       culture and environment, education and
                                                                                                  PHoTo CoUrTESy oF ToUrISM vANCoUvEr




Human Genome Sciences.                      infrastructure helped the Canadian west coast
   It is estimated that this chronic and    city emerge with a score of 98 per cent. Two
often disabling autoimmune disease          other Canadian cities were in the top 10, with
affects more than 1.5 million Americans,    Toronto listed in fourth place and Calgary fifth.
90 per cent of whom are women.              Melbourne leapfrogged the Austrian capital of
Symptoms include fever, exhaustion,         Vienna into second place.
fatigue, joint pains and skin rashes, and      The leading US city was Pittsburgh, in 29th
there is no known cure for the disease.     position, while New York stayed at 56th.

014
INSPIRING OPPORTUNITIES




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THINK Q2 2011
art + culture




              right to the art of it
              TErMINAL, THE GroUNdBrEAKING ExHIBITIoN By EdGE oF ArABIA,
              IS HELPING To PUT SAUdI ArABIAN ArTISTS oN THE MAP ANd SHoWING
              oFF THE CoUNTry’S FLoUrISHING CULTUrAL CrEdENTIALS.
              wrIttEN bY sAMIA QAIYUM


              If thoughts about the Kingdom of Saudi      Kingdom, ranging from the mountains        international cultural relationships, and   addressed concepts of travel,
              Arabia only evoke images of vast deserts,   of Aseer to the backstreets of Jeddah.     stimulate interest and investment in        bureaucracy, privacy and identity
              great wealth and limitless reserves of        It all started back in 2003, when        Saudi art.                                  through the eyes of eight leading Saudi
              crude oil you should think again.           British artist Steven Stapleton embarked      Following successful exhibitions         contemporary artists. The artworks, all
                An unexpected side of Saudi Arabia        on a bumpy bus ride across Yemen’s         in Venice, Riyadh, Berlin and most          commissioned for this show, ranged
              has been revealed through the efforts of    border with Saudi Arabia. His journey      recently Istanbul, Edge of Arabia kicked    from photography and sculpture to
              Edge of Arabia, a grassroots initiative     introduced him to young artists at         off 2011 with its first major exhibition    performance, video and installation.
              that allows global audiences to better      the Al-Miftaha Arts Village in Abha        in the Gulf from March 14-April 15            The issue of travelling for people
              engage with the country’s relatively        and ultimately welcomed an isolated        at the Dubai International Finance          from the Middle East, especially
Screened      unknown art culture. The non-profit         arts community into mainstream             Centre.                                     Saudi, has changed drastically post
2011          organisation brings together a new          conversation. Launched in London in           Entitled TERMINAL, the highly            9/11. Having said that, more Saudis
maha malluh   generation of artists from all over the     2008, Edge of Arabia aims to enhance       conceptual and experiential exhibition      are now travelling than ever before,

                                                                                                                                                                                   017
art + culture

absorbing new ideas and challenging
their own ideologies in the process.
Both dynamics were reflected in the
artworks; and the results were as
educational as they were inspiring, as
unpredictable as they were beautiful.

                                                                                                                               a tale of
   Upon arrival at the exhibition,
a “passport” was provided to take
one through the airport setting that          1
candidly mirrored the discomforts of
travelling in today’s world. Viewers                                                                                           two cities
were guided from check-in through
to security and immigration, before                                                                                           Taking viewers on a journey of exploration
allowing them a moment to pause                                                                                               and illumination between Makkah and
and reflect in the first class lounge.                                                                                        venice will be the Saudi pavilion at the 54th
Contemporary art in Saudi Arabia may                                                                                          venice Biennale.
be nascent, but TERMINAL proved                                                                                                   Entitled The Black arch, the exhibition will
to be surprisingly vibrant, critical and                                                                                      showcase work by Shadia and raja Alem,
innovative.                                                                                                                   two artists who offer two different visions of
                                                                                        3
   Curator Bashar Al Shroogi                                                                                                  tradition, memory and contemporary issues
commented: “Edge of Arabia has                                                                                                – one as a novelist and the other as a visual
come a long way in terms of the                                                                                               artist. They were chosen after their proposals
development of the exhibition as                                                                                              were considered to be the most appropriate
a whole, as well as the individual                                                                                            for the biennial’s theme, which this year is
growth of artistic expression of the          2                                                                               “Illumination”.
artists themselves. TERMINAL pushes                                                                                               The sisters grew up in Makkah and
curatorial boundaries in dialoguing          Art Beijing                                                                      studied classical literature, but it is their
with audiences via an experiential           April 29 – May 2                                                                 everyday experiences in the city (that
installation. It also marks a maturity       China National Agriculture Exhibition                                            annually hosts millions of people from all
in the relationship between artists and      Centre, Beijing, China                                                           over the world) that dominates their work at
                                                                                        4
curators working within very tightly                                                                                          the pavilion. Saudi traditions and the Muslim
defined parameters. It is fantastic to see   CONTACT Photography Festival              Art HK                                 pilgrimage form the exhibition’s backdrop.
the artists of Saudi Arabia pioneering       May 1- 31                                 May 26-29                                  “I grew up aware of the physical
this curatorial relationship for the first   Multiple venues, Toronto, ON Canada       Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition    presence of black all around – the black
time in the Gulf.”                                                                     Centre, Hong Kong                      silhouettes of Saudi women, the black cloth
   The Edge of Arabia world tour is          Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty                                                 of the Kaaba and the Black Stone,” raja
globally sponsored by ALJ Community          May 4 - July 31                           Tim Burton                             explains.
Initiatives and undertaken in                Metropolitan Museum of Art, New           May 29 – October 31                        In turn, the colour becomes the main
partnership with the Saudi Arabian           York, US                                  Los Angeles County Museum of Art,      theme of the exhibition itself and also works
General Investment Authority                                                           Los Angeles, US                        to contrast the other part of the work, a
(SAGIA).                                     Art Amsterdam                                                                    mirror image reflecting the present. Black
                                             May 11- 15                                54th International Art Exhibition –    also represents the rich life the sisters lead
Art AgENDA                                   Amsterdam RAI, Parkhal (hal 8),           Venice Biennale                        in Makkah; the past full of people, mostly
Miró                                         Amsterdam, Holland                        June 4 – November 27                   pilgrims, stories told by grandmothers and
April 14 – September 11                                                                Multiple venues, Venice, Italy         the rich traditions of Islam’s holiest city.
Tate Modern, London, England                 SP-Arte                                                                              This is Saudi Arabia’s debut at the venice
                                             May 12 – 15                               Photoespana                            Biennale. Its mere presence is important on        1. inside
Rembrandt and the Face of Jesus              Pavilhão Ciccillo Matarazzo, São Paulo,   June 9 – July 25                       many levels, but it is vital for Saudi artists,    TERMINAL
April 21 – July 18                           Brazil                                    Paseo de Castellana, Madrid, Spain     who have gained considerable confidence            2. curator
Louvre, Paris, France                                                                                                         in the wake of the rise of the contemporary        bashar al
                                             Art Melbourne                             Picasso: Masterpieces from the Musée   Khaleej art market.                                Shroogi
Art Brussels                                 May 19 – 22                               June 11 – October 9                    The 54th International art Exhibition will run     3. Brainwash,
April 28 – May 1                             Royal Exhibition Building, Melbourne,     National Picasso, Paris De Young       from June 4 to november 27.                        2011
Brussels Expo, Halls 1 & 3, Brussels,        Australia                                 Museum, San Francisco, US                  Official partners for the saudi arabian        hala ali
Belgium                                                                                                                       pavilion include The Ministry of Culture and       4. Concrete
                                             arteBA                                    Art Basel                              Information of the Kingdom of saudi arabia,        Block IV
Art Chicago                                  May 19 to 23                              June 15-19                             the saudi arabian General Investment               2010
April 29 – May 2                             La Rural, Pabellones Azul y Verde,        Messe Basel, Halls 1 & 2, Basel,       authority (saGIa), saudi aramco, and the           abdulnasser
The Merchandise Mart, Chicago, US            Buenos Aires, Argentina                   Switzerland                            saudi research and Marketing Group.                gharem


018
art + culture

going once,
going twice
Edge of Arabia continues its
commitment to reinvest in the future
of arts and culture in Saudi Arabia by
auctioning six works of contemporary
Arab, Iranian and Turkish art on April
19 in Dubai. Held in conjunction with
the region’s leading art auctioneer,
Christie’s Dubai, at the Jumeirah
Emirates Towers Hotel, the sale is a
fundraiser to enable the expansion of
Edge of Arabia’s education programme
and art workshops in Saudi schools and
universities.
   The auction reflects the surge of
interest in the region’s arts during
the past few years. Local art shows
are on the rise, more Saudi artists are
participating in overseas exhibitions
and more educational institutes are
now offering arts degrees. This group
of iconic works feature highlights from
previous international exhibitions and
it is estimated it will raise in the region
of $150,000:

1. The highlight of the sale is a wood
and copper dome symbolising the
Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem by
Abdulnasser Gharem, a pioneer of
conceptual art in Saudi Arabia and
co-founder of Edge of Arabia. Entitled
Message/Messenger and created in
2010, it hides beneath its vast diameter
a small dove, the symbol of peace.
Estimated at $70,000-$100,000.

2. Edge of Arabia co-founder Ahmed
Mater lives in southern Saudi Arabia
and is much celebrated for his X-Ray
Illumination series. The work offered
for sale, Evolution of Man, is a series of
five light boxes showing a petrol pump
in x-ray form slowly evolving into the
head and torso of a man pointing the
pump nozzle and then a gun to his             4. Manal Al Dowayan, a leading
head. Estimated at $22,000-$28,000.           Saudi lens-based artist known for her
                                              depiction of Saudi women’s issues
3. Maharem, a play on the Arabic word         through art, is offering the Time         5. Maha Malluh is a photographer
used to describe tissues and your close       Seduces and Time Betrays triptych. This   based in Riyadh. Since recently, she has   6. A Lambda print mounted on
family, is by Ayman Yossri. In this           monumental piece is from her recent       begun to work with photograms – one        aluminium by Sami Al-Turki entitled
work, the Jeddah-based artist has taken       series, which depicts an imagined         of the oldest forms of photography         Marhabba from the series Washaeg. It
a group of tissue boxes, decorated them       conversation between urban inhabitants    using photographic paper exposed           depicts two figures in the desert before
with posters advertising classic Arabic       and their cityscape, confronting the      to light. Unveiled is a large lightbox     an expansive sky pierced with sunlight,
films from the 1940s or 1950s and             complex issues of uncertainty, conflict   containing a group of kitchen utensils     and became iconic as the marketing
stacked them beside and on top of one         and constant flux in the relationship.    animated with smiling faces. Estimated     image for Edge of Arabia Dubai.
another. Estimated at $20,000-$25,000.        Estimated at $15,000-$20,000.             at $5,000-$7,000.                          Estimated at $5,000-$7,000.

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            globAl  1
coMPEtItIvENEss forUM
SoME oF THE WorLd’S MoST PoWErFUL BUSINESS, PoLITICAL ANd ENvIroNMENTAL
LEAdErS GATHErEd For THE FIFTH TIME IN SAUdI ArABIA To dISCUSS HoW CoUNTrIES
ANd LEAdING BUSINESSES CAN FoSTEr INNovATIoN.              wrIttEN bY JoANNE MolINA


020
World event




The Saudi Arabian General
Investment Authority
(SAGIA) was pleased at the
enormous success of the
world’s premier conference
about competitiveness:
the Fifth Annual Global
Competitiveness Forum
(GCF), which was held
on January 22-25 in
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
cElEbrAtINg its fifth anniversary, the conference, this year’s theme
was Innovation as a Means to Competitiveness, built upon last year’s
conference discussion that focused on balancing economic growth and
sustainability through competitiveness.
   The GCF theme was particularly relevant as Saudi Arabia continues
its unprecedented economic growth and continues to build upon the
last five years of social and political reforms. For the past four years,
participants at the GCF discussed innovation as a means of developing
competitiveness in order to build sustainability, drive economic growth
and promote responsible development. This year’s GCF was the first
paperless forum of its kind as all participants had iPads and paper was
banned.
   His Excellency Amr Al-Dabbagh, Governor and Chairman of the
Board, Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority, explained the
importance of the conference for Saudi Arabia and the world. “While the
GCF is global in scope, it has special relevance for us here in Saudi Arabia.
In defining the country’s development strategy, the Supreme Economic
Council through the Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority,
has committed to achieving world-class economic competitiveness
as the platform for enhanced prosperity.” But he also emphasises that
this prosperity should not come at any price. “To deliver sustainable
prosperity, capitalism must be attentive to social, environmental, political
and financial systems, with which it is intertwined. This imperative is
reinforced daily by the pressure placed on the foundations of the world’s
economic well-being. Achieving sustainable competitiveness has never
been a more pressing challenge, neither for Saudi Arabia nor for other
forward-looking nations.”
   According to Citibank’s forecast, Saudi Arabia is set to be the Middle
East’s richest economy in terms of GDP per capita by 2050. Citibank
also reported that Saudis will have an average wealth of $98,311 by 2050,
nearly four times the current rate of $24,200 gross domestic product
(GDP) per capita, according to the CIA World Factbook. Saudi Arabia
tops the rankings for the Middle East and will be sixth overall on the
global list by 2050, the forecast showed. In total, the Gulf is estimated to
contribute four per cent of global GDP by 2030 and by five percent by 2050.
   The GCF launched in 2006 in Riyadh under the patronage of HM King

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1. Sagia governor amr al Dabbagh         Abdullah bin Abdulaziz, the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques. It              Walt Disney International, agreed saying: “The ecosystem should lay the
and former uS president bill clinton     started as a gathering of Information, Communication and Technology            groundwork for innovation, then management should allow innovators
at the SFg gala dinner 2. paul           (ICT) experts, including Bill Gates, as a vehicle to discuss how these         free reign to come up with ideas and be supportive even if they fail.”
hawken, environmental activist and       technologies enable and encourage competitiveness. Since the success of           Former US President Bill Clinton gave one of the most talked-about
author 3. Former uK prime minister       its launch, the GCF has been the only event of its kind, functioning as an     keynote speeches on the third day of the conference. “In an interdependent
tony blair 4. adel m. Fakeih, mayor      annual meeting of global business leaders, international political leaders     world, innovation has to be built into the model and structure of operations,”
of Jeddah 5. chrystia Freeland,          and selected intellectuals and journalists to create a dialogue with respect   he said. Clinton spoke about innovation and competitiveness around the
global editor-at-large, reuters          to the positive impact organisational and national competitiveness can         globe and how it all relates to Saudi Arabia. Often the best innovation isn’t
6. ulf henriksson, chief executive and   have on local, regional and global economic and social development.            dramatic but rather just “doing what we already do better”, he continued.
director, apv uK limited                    Its vision and mission continue to be the same: an annual programme         “The iPad is an incredible innovation, but only 15 per cent of the world’s
7. his excellency Dr. muhammad           of activities attended by global business leaders, international political     population has the capabilities to use it.”
Sulaiman al-Jasser, governor, Saudi      leaders and selected intellectuals who share a common interest in                 At this year’s GCF, the spotlight was turned on five groundbreaking
arabian monetary agency (Sama)           competitiveness. The forum is dedicated to fostering awareness                 initiatives. The first initiative, The Saudi Fast Growth Awards (SFG),
8. helmut Schuehsler, managing           and enthusiasm around the issue of competitiveness, evaluating the             an annual ranking of the fastest-growing companies in Saudi Arabia,
partner, tvm capital 9. James S.         applicability of competitiveness theory and practice as a tool for             launched by SAGIA, awards and highlights Saudi companies that are
turley, chairman and ceo, ernst &        generating real solutions to contemporary global challenges.                   creating jobs and spurring innovation. The top three winners for 2010 were
young 10. andy bird, chairman,                                                                                          the First Gulf Company, Dnata Travel and Waseel ASP Ltd, respectively.
Walt Disney international                thIs YEAr’s first conference panel, Innovation as a Means of                   The second initiative, The Saudi Responsible Competitiveness Index
                                         Competitiveness, started by delving directly into the theme of innovation,     (RCI) analyses how Saudi companies are building competitive advantage
                                         asserting that the future will reward those countries whose competitiveness    by managing their social and environmental impacts. Led by the King
                                         drives them to create and think ahead. “Innovation is the best way             Khalid Foundation and SAGIA, it is supported by the international think-
                                         to compete for companies as well as countries,” said panelist David            tank AccountAbility. This year’s winners of the King Khalid Responsible
                                         Drummond, Google’s senior vice-president of corporate development.             Competitiveness Award were Saudi Basic Industrial Company, SABIC
                                           During the course of the discussion, four key factors that foster            (first), National Commercial Bank (second), International Medical
                                         innovation were established: an ecosystem that fosters change, a culture       Centre and Dr Fakeeh Hospital (sharing third place).
                                         of tolerance towards failure, a supportive regulatory environment and             The third initiative, The Most Competitive Youth (MCY), is a strategic
                                         availability of risk capital. “These add up to creating the environment that   initiative to engage Saudi youth in applying 21st-century skillsets
                                         induces innovation,” said Jim Albaugh, president and CEO of Boeing.            to improving their communities; inspiring creativity, promoting
                                           John Rose, CEO of Rolls Royce, raised in important point, reminding          innovation, and bringing Saudi Arabia’s economy to the forefront of
                                         the panel that “not all innovation is good innovation” and that often          competitiveness. Rayan Al-Dafas, a 15-year-old Saudi student, bagged
                                         innovations aren’t commercially viable. Albaugh supported Rose’s               top honours this year. The fourth initiative, The Top 100 FDI initiative,
                                         observation, citing his experience with engineers at Boeing. He discussed      was introduced by SAGIA to recognise top FDI companies, and highlight
                                         how each innovation an engineer makes should be respected so as not to         their contribution to the Kingdom, the largest recipient of FDI in the
                                         discourage the engineer to innovate in the future. Andy Bird, chairman of      region and the eighth largest in the world. The fifth initiative, Saudi

                                                                                                                                                                                               023
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 1                                                  2                                                                                  3


Oxford Leadership, was launched in 2009 as a joint initiative by SAGIA,            countries is nearing its level in the OECD industrialised countries and       1. abe m. Sher, founder, chairman
North Development Program, and Oxford University’s Saïd Business                   will surpass it by 2013.”                                                     and ceo of aqua Sciences, inc.
School. The Saudi Oxford Leaders Event at GCF 2011 highlighted the                   The future of innovation in the energy field was also a hot topic at the    2. Steven mills, senior vice president,
objectives and strategy behind the creation of SOAMLP, the connection              conference. The panel The Shift in the Energy Landscape addressed how         ibm 3. canadian senator, marie-
between leadership development and competitiveness, and showcased                  diverse technologies to develop clean energy are on the rise. Joe Stanislaw   paule poulin
the alumni’s community-based projects for improving Saudi society.                 of the JA Stanislaw Group discussed how the future is “clean” and Sandra
   In celebration of Saudi Arabia’s improving to 11th place in the Ease of         Wu of Koksai Kogyo Group urged Saudi Arabia to utilise advanced
Doing Business Ranking and eighth in global inflows of FDI, the GCF                Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in building solar power plants.
panel on 10x10: A Case Study highlighted how accomplishments over the              She said that satellite technologies will be crucial for selecting land and
past five years have laid an excellent foundation for Saudi Arabia’s future        positioning solar panels, and that, using GIS, Saudi Arabia would be able
and it’s global presence.                                                          to maximise the productivity of its plants.
   President Bill Clinton said, “The 10x10 programme represents Saudi                Art was also the topic of spirited discussions at the GCF. Paola
Arabia’s commitment to thinking in terms of the future — not just                  Antonelli, senior curator of the Department of Architecture and Design
thinking of the present.”                                                          at the Museum of Modern Art; Jake Eberts, the award-winning movie
   Amr Al-Dabbagh praised the success of 10x10, but he also said “this             producer of A Journey to Mecca; Jitesh Gadhia, managing director of
is not the end of our competitiveness journey; the future will be even             The Blackstone Group; Mona Khazindar, Curator of the Museum of the
more interesting. The Economic Cities will become new benchmarks                   Institut du Monde Arabe; and Venetia Porter, Curator of Islamic and
recognising Saudi Arabia’s second phase competitiveness.”                          Contemporary Middle East at The British Museum, each presented their
   In his keynote speech, His Excellency Adel M Fakeih, the current Minister       views during the panel, Creative Capital.
of Labour, addressed labour force reform in Saudi Arabia. According to HE            Panelists discussed how art plays an important role in creating a
Fakeih, five million jobs need to be created in 20 years to keep up pace with      competitive atmosphere. Khazindar showed slides of public art projects
work force growth. He reassured the audience that the Saudi Government             and Porter gave an overview of important contemporary Saudi artists,
is working to fix this problem and he made three main recommendations:             including Manal Al-Dowayan, who is supported by the Edge of Arabia
1) focus on job intervention policies that are “Saudisable” (industries where      platform for promoting Saudi art. Eberts reflected on how business
Saudis want to work), 2) create economic activities and opportunities that         philanthropy can turn creative ideas into powerful cultural forces,
deliver high salary jobs and 3) increase nationals’ participation in the private   emphasising how “we are able to develop a sense of identity because
sector by creating an equal playing field and restoring fair competition           of social interactions”. Gadhia explained how innovation and artistic
between nationals and expats. Other items that HE Fakeih put on the reform         creativity are inseparable and offered suggestions for how the arts can
agenda were increasing the cost of foreign workers, giving youth incentives        create growth in private-sector competitiveness.
to work in the private sector, making the labor market more transparent and          Other speakers included Janine Benyus, Rahul Singh, Mohammed
creating a social welfare system.                                                  Rezwan, Jack Simm. Klaus Kleinfeld, Marco Tronchett-Provera. Jean
                                                                                   Pascale-Tricoire, Ulf Henriksson, James Wolfensohn, Professor Michael
IN hIs keynote speech on the global energy outlook 2011, His                       Porter, Linda Rottenberg, Paul Hawken, Jean Chrétien, Andy Meyers, Amy
Excellency Ali bin Ibrahim Al Naimi, Saudi Minister of Petroleum and               Zhou, James Carpenter, Atul Punj and John C. Warner, among others.
Minerals said, “The world has clearly passed the global economic and                 “The insights that emerged during the conference were a testament to
financial crisis and deep recession it experienced in 2008-2009 and                the growth and global scale of the GCF 2011,” says HE Amr Dabbagh.
entered as of last year a stage of growth which is expected to continue this       Next year’s theme will build upon these insights. “The theme will be
year.” He added: “This year might mark an important turning point in               “Competitive Entrepreneurship.” This is not the end of our competitiveness
this direction, as oil demand in the emerging economies and developing             journey; the future will be even more interesting.”

024
THINK Q2 2011
industry




026
ceo speaKs
                                                                                                                                   to tHinK




captital sm
      W tH a
   consc ence
  MAGATTE WAdE-MArCHANd EArNS A LIvING By
                                                                                   wrIttEN bY lIsA vINcENtI
    INTrodUCING AMErICANS To SoME oF HEr
  HoMELANd’S NATIvE SECrETS, yET SHE doES So                                       IN A MANNEr ILLUSTrATIvE oF A NEW BrEEd
                                                                                   oF CAPITALISTS WHo BELIEvE THEIr joBS Go
                                                                                   WELL BEyoNd jUST TUrNING A ProFIT.
       MAgAttE                               Wade-Marchand, raised in Senegal,
       educated in Germany and France, and now living in the United States,
       is getting ready to launch her latest venture, a high-end cosmetics label      At just 35, Wade-Marchand already has one flourishing company
       that takes traditional beauty recipes from her homeland, and brings         under her belt. Founded in 2004, Adina World Beverages introduced an
       them into 21st century. Wade-Marchand has high-expectations for             original Senegalese drink to US consumers, who have become increasing
       Tiossano Tribe, as her collection is dubbed.                                thirsty for esoteric, organic beverages. The market penetration of Adina
          Wade-Marchand is part of a growing number of entrepreneurs who           in less than 10 years is impressive: the drink is now distributed through
       believe that profits do not have to be made at the expense of others        most Whole Food supermarkets (the owner of which counts himself
       and the environment, they understand that every participant, from           among the ranks of conscientious capitalists and was among the first
       CEO to local workers, must reap the rewards of success. Consider            to adopt this new business model) and was recently introduced to
       it a corporate culture with soul; conscientious capitalism is what          mainstream grocery chains such as Safeway, Publix and Raley’s.
       these entrepreneurs, including Wade, ascribe to and they hope it will          Yet while establishing Adina in the marketplace, Wade-Marchand
       become the next major chapter in economics.                                 lost touch with one of her original goals of the company and she feels
          So when it comes to establishing her latest proposal, Wade-Marchand      the founding of Tiossano is her way back. “Adina was founded after
       is banking on Tiossano to not only help Senegalese workers earn a           visiting Senegal and discovering that the traditional hibiscus beverage
       comfortable living but also to provide them with the tools they need to     that I had been raised with was being replaced by Coke and Fanta,”
       turn Senegal into a haven of entrepreneurship. “Conscious capitalism        notes Wade-Marchand, who is now based in the US but makes several
       is capitalism that’s conscious of its deeper purpose,” she says. “My        trips a year back to her homeland, where her family still lives.
       purpose has always been to transform Africa by providing jobs, by              “I knew the only chance that our beverage had of being respected
       providing innovative education and, most importantly, by providing          by Senegalese people would be if it became popular in the West.
       a new identity for what it means to be African that will change both        When I created Adina, hibiscus growing was in steep decline, and by
       Africans and non-African perceptions.”                                      partnering with (Agribusiness in Sustainable Natural African Plant

                                                                                                                                                     027
ceo speaKs
to tHinK




                                                                                                                                                                                                     KEvIN MCNULTy
 1                                                                                        2



Products) and the first lady of Senegal we were able to create a thriving       What’s more the country exports slightly more than $2.1 billion (chiefly
organic hibiscus industry that now employs thousands of women. Since          in fish, groundnuts, petroleum products, phosphates and cotton) while             3
then many organisations have been inspired by our visionary approach.”        importing more than double that amount in food and beverages, capital
  As Adina, which received a $30 million venture capital infusion, grew       goods and fuels. The nation has been struggling for decades to create an
into a mainstream product, it began drifting away from its initial focus      economy that can boost employment rates and income levels, yet change            1. magatte Wade with hibiscus
on indigenous African recipes, prompting Wade-Marchand to leave the           has come slow.                                                                   women co-op growers in Senegal.
company, although she remains the largest individual shareholder.               Often relying on hand-outs of foreign aid for survival, Senegal – and          2. the new product tiossano from
  “The great irony is that while I have probably founded the most             most other African nations, Wade-Marchand contends – would do far                Wade.
successful US consumer brand ever created by an African, the African          better by fostering a spirit of entrepreneurship and enterprise instead.         3. a renewable energy power station
component of the brand has steadily shrunk as the brand became more           Furthermore, many non-government initiatives that attempt to create jobs         in a remote village.
successful,” she says. “Tiossano has been designed to ensure that will not    in Senegal and Africa fail due to a lack of understanding by implementers
happen again.”                                                                that to get a crop like hibiscus grown is just one small factor in the success
                                                                              of an agricultural project. It proves far more challenging to get crops to
sENEgAl, wIth Its population of more than 12 million, sits                    market rather than having them rot in the field without a strong, saleable
on the western most tip of Africa. One of the continent’s most stable         concept, such as Adina, which serves as the buyer.
democracies, Senegal, with its low, rolling plains rising to foothills in       “After 40 years of socialism, there was much optimism in 2000 when
the southeast, is nonetheless plagued by some of the same problems as         President Wade was elected,” Wade-Marchand recalls. “Although he made
other African nations. Nearly half of the population is unemployed and        some reforms which made it easier to start businesses in Senegal, in more
of those that do work, 77 per cent rely on agriculture to eke out a living,   recent years reforms have gotten bogged down in politics and corruption.
according to the Central Intelligence Agency’s World Factbook.                Senegal is a beautiful country with hard-working, respectful, decent people.

028
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 3                                      4


                                         “We have never had a coup nor civil war, our AIDS rate is similar        California to adapt those beauty potions to American product
1. the Senegal countryside.            to that of the US, we have none of the usual problems associated with      standards. In fact, in the initial viability phase, Tiossano will be
2. a salesgirl in Dakar.               Africa. If we can create a successful manufacturing sector we can          produced, marketed and sold exclusively in the US.
3. a hotel in the Saly portudal area   become the first African success story. In addition to the jobs created       “Once we have adequate sales volume to justify moving production
on the petite cote.                    directly by my company, I wanted to serve as a model to the Senegalese     to Senegal we will do so,” Wade-Marchand says, noting that she expects
4. a coastal town in Senegal.          of how it is possible to create a world-class company.                     it will take about 18 months to build up enough capital to set up a
                                         “I know many Indian entrepreneurs who said that when [IT and             production facility in Senegal. “Thus our first impact [on Senegal] will
                                       consulting company] Infosys became a global brand it inspired them         be to create jobs. In addition, we are devoting 10 per cent of product
                                       to create globally competitive companies as well. Today we all consider    revenues to the creation of innovative education in Senegal, which will
                                       Indians as entrepreneurial, but that was not the case 30 years ago… I      empower Senegalese young people to become creators, innovators and
                                       want to do the same for Senegal.”                                          entrepreneurs.
                                                                                                                     “In order for Africans to obtain the respect and dignity they deserve,
                                       wIth thE fIrst Tiossano beauty products coming to market this              it is important that Africans not only escape poverty, but that they also
                                       spring, Wade-Marchand has big plans for her current project. Based         become competitive globally. By means of the example of my company,
                                       just outside of New York, she apprenticed with a tradipractitioner in      by the experience of working in my company and by means of the
                                       Senegal to learn all she could about traditional recipes and techniques.   schools we will create, we will provide a new generation of Senegalese
                                       She then collaborated with a professional green chemistry lab in           with the skills and inspiration to become globally competitive.”

                                                                                                                                                                                    029
industry



                 MINEr IssUEs –
MAJor ProblEM
  WIdESPrEAd ABUSES IN THE PAST HAvE EArNEd THE MINING INdUSTry A dIrTy
    rEPUTATIoN. THE qUESTIoN NoW IS: CAN MINING CLEAN UP ITS ACT?
                             wrIttEN bY DorothY wAlDMAN




                                                                          1


030
mining


                                                                                                               The world watched anxiously as
                                                                                                               33 trapped Chilean miners were
                                                                                                               dramatically rescued after an accident
                                                                                                              last October. Unfortunately, this was but
                                                                                                             one of a deluge of mining accidents that
                                                                                                           occurred in 2010, and tragedies continue
                                                                                         to occur. As of early March this year there have been 11
                                                                                         additional fatal mining accidents in Chile alone.
                                        CoPyrIGHT © MArLI MILLEr, UNIvErSITy oF orEGoN




                                                                                          2                                                        3                                             4



                                                                                         MAJor AccIDENts in coal mining have made the front pages of                      Sakin Tuncer. Of particular concern is the damage to the olive trees in
                                                                                         the world’s newspapers because of the tragic numbers involved and the            the area.
                                                                                         heroic rescue attempts. The reality is that the mining of coal and other           “Olive trees have been [benefiting] humankind for the past 6,000 years,
                                                                                         minerals frequently takes its toll, not just in terms of lives lost, but also    whereas the average activity of a mine is around 10 years,” says Mustafa
                                                                                         on the environment.                                                              Tan, head of Turkey’s National Olive and Olive Oil Council. “And at the
                                                                                            Minerals harvested through mining are vital for almost all human              end of that 10 years, the mines leave behind environmental damage that
                                                                                         activities today from agriculture to manufacturing to the technology             takes hundreds of years to heal.”
                                                                                         required for alternate energy sources, and the demand for them continues
                                                                                         to escalate. In an effort to extract these valuable natural resources from the   AlthoUgh mining has been conducted for centuries, prior to
                                                                                         earth, the mining industry has gained a reputation for the exploitation of       recent years there has been little worry about the safety of people or
                                                                                         both its workers and the environment. So is safe, clean mining possible?         the environment. Today, these are growing concerns. International
                                                                                            With the price of gold skyrocketing, its mining is taking on new              organisations such as the International Council on Mining and Metals
                                                                                         significance today. Unlike the popular Wild West image of a lone 49er            (ICMM), an organisation comprised of 18 mining and metals companies
                                                                                         panning for chunks of gold in a California stream, most of the supply that       plus 30 national and regional mining associations and global commodity
                                                                                         is excavated today is in the form of tiny particles mixed with mud and dirt.     associations, have been formed by those involved in this sector to
                                                                                         The traditional process uses a cyanide solution to extract the particles.        voluntarily address core sustainability issues including the health and
                                                                                         Contamination affecting the surrounding ecosystems occurs if water               safety of workers and the environment. The list of yearly conferences
                                                                                         utilised in this process leaks into the environment, causing substantial         devoted to these issues is continuously growing as a testament to the
                                                                                         damage to the local ecosystems, often destroying the livelihood of the           current anxiety.
                                                                                         inhabitants while exposing them to a variety of serious health conditions.         The ICMM in a recent survey found that environmental concerns
1. anglogold mining operations in                                                           In 2000, a pipe carrying cyanide solution burst in Romania, sending           (40 per cent) followed by social concerns (28 per cent) were the top
South africa                                                                             the rancid chemicals down to the rivers and villages below the mining            sustainable development issues for the mining and metals industry.
2. open pit mine with half full of                                                       site. Eleven years later, people living in the area continue to suffer, with       In the late 1930s, deaths from all mining activity in the US averaged
water in north america                                                                   drinking water cut off and nearly all the fish in the area killed.               over 1,500 annually, considerably more than the 71 fatalities in 2010.
3. anglogold’s underground mining                                                           Residents in western Turkey recently protested about a gold mining            Improved safety policies and enforcement of government regulations
operations in brazil                                                                     project in their area. “This process brings an end to vegetable and fruit        have helped reduce these numbers. If regulations are strengthened
4. a view of the plant at crixas mine                                                    farming and stock-breeding. The cyanide mixes with the atmosphere and            throughout the world, and effectively and consistently enforced, more
Serra grande in brazil                                                                   comes back to the soil in the rain,” says Bayramiç District Mayor İsmail         fatalities can be prevented and the affects on the environment should be

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             031
mining


less destructive moving forward. Many mining companies, especially the
larger, more heavily regulated ones, have developed official sustainability
statements voicing their concern for safety and the environment, a small
but vital first step.
   According to Martin Jones, director of the Banro Foundation, which
is involved in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: “With reputable
mining companies that (destruction) almost never happens. Any mine
being built today has to be built to global standards. In the Congo, the
Mining Code of 2003 is quite advanced. It is based on the best mining
practices in Africa and was put together with help from the World Bank.
If you do [build according to World Standards] there shouldn’t be any
environmental issues.”
   The increase in awareness in the past few years has also inspired
responsible companies to take their own initiative to prevent these
disasters. Among advances being made are those by European Nichol,
which has developed heap leach technology that, in addition to being
effective and cost-effective in extracting the mineral that is used in
making stainless steel, is a method that considerably reduces carbon
dioxide emissions when compared with conventional processes. The
sulphuric acid used in the process is recycled to generate steam, which in
turn generates more electricity than the project needs. The excess is then
supplied to the local energy grid, thus reducing the need for fossil fuels.
   Another reportedly more environmentally friendly technology for
extracting minerals is the bioleaching utilised by BacTech Environmental,
which uses naturally occurring bacteria rather than chemicals such as
cyanide and is purported to be a safer method of neutralising arsenic and
other toxins in mine site debris or “tailings”.

wAtEr MANAgEMENt is another vital aspect of the mining                            1
process and involves recycling, conservation, quality-testing and storm
water management. Xstrata, which has 40 operations worldwide, with               recycled. For one operation in Chile, treated wastewater accounts for 70            1. a view of the plant at crixas mine
close to half in arid regions, is working to lessen their demands on water       per cent of the overall water consumed.                                             Serra grande in brazil
                                          sources through conservation             Additional pressure to clean up the environment is coming from other              2. martin Jones, chairman of the
                                               and the increased use             sectors of the economy as well. Zale Corporation and 53 other jewellery             banro Foundation
                                                    of     recycled    water.    companies with annual sales of more than $5.75 billion are boycotting
                                                     Approximately         60    gold from the open-pit Pebble Mine in southwest Alaska, United States. 
                                                       per cent of the water     Open pit mining is a surface mining practice that leaves a huge pit in the
                                                        used in 2009, the last   earth. “Such a large number of jewellers have never taken a stance on a
                                                        year statistics are      particular place before,” Earthworks spokeswoman Bonnie Gestring says.
                                                         available for, was        Some lenders are also taking a stand on mining practices. The loan




                                                                     getting
                                                                                                                    the environment and to promote workplace            “We are dealing with a population
                                                                                                                    safety.                                          that really wants to see progress. They
                                                                                                                       Martin jones, chairman of the Banro           are perfectly aware the Congo has been

                                                                     it right                                       Foundation, spoke to thINK.
                                                                                                                       “When we first went to the Congo
                                                                                                                    in the autumn of 2004, the first thing
                                                                                                                                                                     left behind. They know they have limited
                                                                                                                                                                     opportunities and that the rest of the world
                                                                                                                                                                     has a higher standard of living, and more
                                                                     bANro is a Canada-based gold                   we did was to meet with the tribal and           opportunities in life. The know they have a
                                                                     exploration and development company that       administrative leadership in the regions         limited skills base.”
                                                                     is constructing a “phase one” gold mine        where we were going to be active, as well
                                                                     in the democratic republic of the Congo,       as the government and church officials,          The local leaders identified three areas
                                                                     the first of a number of projects there. The   and explained to them what our goals             they specifically wanted the Foundation to
                                                                     Banro Foundation was created to promote        were going to be. We asked them how we           address:
                                                                     the social and economic development of         could best work with them to make the most       1. Education
                                                                     the local communities, to create jobs and      effective contributions to these communities,”   2. Healthcare
                                                                     training for Congolese citizens, to protect    he said.                                         3. Social infrastructure
                                                               2


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THINK Q2 2011

  • 1. 2 0 1 1 G L O B A L I S S U E S I N P E R S P E C T I V E q2
  • 4. I S S U E 1 7 2 0 1 1 G L O B A L I S S U E S I N P E R S P E C T I V E 20 thE 2011 globAl 44 thE NEw worlD orDEr 60 AN APPY MEDIUM coMPEtIvENEss forUM China’s exponential growth as an economic Applications development has become big business, This year’s GCF’s had leaders from diverse backgrounds superpower has important lessons for other economies. growing into a multi-billion dollar industry in just a few years. discussing how innovation can add a competitive edge. 52 fooD INsEcUrItY 70 A vIEw froM thE toP 30 MINEr IssUEs – MAJor ProblEM While rising food prices threaten global stability, the A slew of upscale property openings around the After a spate of high-profile incidents, the mining solution may lie in alternate agricultural practices. world are revving up tourism. industry is working hard to clean up its act. 56 sPEllINg sUccEss 74 soN of thE soIl 34 trIcKs of thE trADE Dyslexics’ strong visual and spatial skills The second artist to exhibit under the aegis of Project The theft of millions in carbon credits has made and lateral thinking abilities makes them great 60, Abdullah Hamas’s work is deeply rooted in his heritage regulators sit up and take note. entrepreneurs. and culture. 04
  • 5. “rEcogNIsINg thAt Its coMPEtItIvE ADvANtAgE Is Not thrEAtENED If thE worlD UsEs solAr AND wIND ENErgY, thIs rEgIoN shoUlD sEEK to bEcoME thE EPIcENtrE of thE sUstAINAblE ENErgY EcoNoMY of thE worlD. wE NEED to UsE thE rEsoUrcEs UNDErNEAth thE groUND to crEAtE MorE oPPortUNItIEs for thosE PEoPlE thAt ArE oN toP of It.” ForMEr US PrESIdENT BILL CLINToN 78 bEYoND thE boArDrooM regulars opinion Trends in fashion, gadgets and lifestyle for spring 11 sPEctrUM 83 fUtUrE thINKINg 26 cEo sPEAKs 51 thINKINg The best and brightest ideas An energy-efficient offshore to thINK forwArD from around the world marine research centre Meet Magatte Philip Stanton on the new Wade-Marchand, a developments shaping the 17 Art+cUltUrE 85 booKs compassionate capitalist. Middle East A look at the flourishing art THINK reviews the best scene in Saudi Arabia reads this quarter 40 thINK 64 whAt Do roUNDtAblE YoU thINK 69 ProfIlE 86 vIsIoNArY How cross-border bourses are Students from around the Calvin Chin is making Eco-activist and Nobel gaining a competitive edge world discuss if sports can tertiary education accessible Laureate Wangari Maathai through large-scale mergers. be an engine for growth 05
  • 6. Sagia EdITorIAL AdvISor Fahd M Hamidaddin ProjECT LEAdEr Aseel A Al-Zamil motivate publiShing EdITor-IN-CHIEF Obaid Humaid Al Tayer GroUP EdITor + MANAGING PArTNEr Ian Fairservice GroUP SENIor EdITor Gina Johnson GroUP EdITor Catherine Belbin catherine@motivate.ae dEPUTy EdITor Shalaka Paradkar shalaka@motivate.ae CHIEF SUB EdITor Iain Smith iain@motivate.ae EdITorIAL ASSISTANT Belinda Igaya belinda@motivate.ae GENErAL MANAGEr GroUP SALES Anthony Milne anthony@motivate.ae SENIor AdvErTISEMENT MANAGEr Rowena Miranda rowena@motivate.ae dEPUTy AdvErTISEMENT MANAGEr Omar Al Eit omar@motivate.ae GENErAL MANAGEr – ProdUCTIoN + CIrCULATIoN S. Sasidharan sasidharan@motivate.ae ProdUCTIoN MANAGEr C. Sudhakar sudhakar@motivate.ae dESIGN Design Studio INTErNATIoNAL CorrESPoNdENTS Steve Hill, Joanne Molina, Lisa Vincenti, Dorothy Waldman, Richard Warren, Samia Qaiyum C SAuDI ARABIAn GEnERAL InVESTMEnT AuTHORITy (SAGIA) SAGIA HEADQuARTERS Imam Saud Bin Abdulaziz Road (university Road), PO Box 5927, Riyadh 11432, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, M T +966 1 203 5555 F +966 1 263 2894 E Info@sagia.gov.sa Y SAGIA InTERnATIOnAL OFFICES CM MIddLE EAST & AFrICA Hatem A Al-Ahmad; E mena@sagia.gov.sa EUroPE Mai Al-Torki; E europe@sagia.gov.sa MY FrANCE Lucile Pons van der Slikke; E france@sagia.gov.sa CY ITALy Mai Al-Torki; E italy@sagia.gov.sa CMY GErMANy dahlia T rahaimy; E germany@sagia.gov.sa K UNITEd KINGdoM Sara Bouzo; E uk@sagia.gov.sa THE AMErICAS Ahmed Islam; E americas@sagia.gov.sa WASHINGToN dC Ahmed Islam; E americas@sagia.gov.sa EAST ASIA Noriko Sozuki; E japan@sagia.gov.sa WEST ASIA Meshari S. Al-Khaled; E singapore@sagia.gov.sa MOTIVATE PuBLISHInG HEAd oFFICE Po Box 2331, dubai, United Arab Emirates T +971 4 282 4060 F +971 4 282 4436 E motivate@motivate.ae ABU dHABI E motivate-adh@motivate.ae LoNdoN E: motivateuk@motivate.ae InTERnATIOnAL MEDIA REPRESEnTATIVES AUSTrALIA okeeffe Media; E okeeffekev@bigpond.com.au CHINA/HoNG KoNG Emphasis Media Limited; E advertising@emphasis.net CyPrUS Epistle Communications & Media; E nasreenk@epistlemedia.com FrANCE/SWITZErLANd Intermedia Europe Ltd; E administration@intermedia.europe.com GErMANy IMv International Media Service GmbH; E j.hoffmann@vhb.de INdIA Media Star; E ravi@mediastar.co.in ITALy IMM Italia; E lucia.colucci@fastwebnet.it jAPAN Skynet Media Inc.; E skynetmedia@y2.dion.ne.jp TUrKEy Media Ltd; E mediamarketingtr@medialtd.com.tr UNITEd KINGdoM Spafax Inflight Media; E nhopkins@spafax.com UNITEd STATES redwood Custom Communications Inc.; E brigitte.baron@redwoodcc.com PrINTING Emirates Printing Press, Dubai Motivate Publishing LLC, on behalf of Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority, publishes THINK quarterly. SAGIA and Motivate Publishing do not accept liability for errors or omissions contained in this publication for whatever reason, however caused. The opinions and views contained in this publication are not necessarily those of SAGIA or of the publishers. SAGIA and the publishers take no responsibility for the goods and services advertised. All materials are protected by copyright. sagia.gov.sa All rights are reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form whatsoever without the written permission of the copyright owner, except as may be permitted by applicable laws.
  • 7. SHINY DESIGN BY RADO ORIGINAL CHRONOGRAPH / WWW.RADO.COM
  • 9. edit Q2 2011 tHinKing on a new plane Rejuvenation has been uppermost on our minds as Wade’s “compassionate capitalism” rejuvenated an thinking. It implies THINKing about how routine we come to terms with the turmoil of recent events, impoverished African economy, thereby creating jobs processes can be made more sustainable, more In TransIT II, 2010, ABdULNASSEr GHArEM whether wreaked by nature or the financial markets. and wealth. Or in China, where the world’s largest efficient and more profitable. In this issue of THINK, our international country has embraced a new way of thinking to THINK of it as a spa treatment for your mind – correspondents set about finding ideas and become the world’s second-largest economy. Carbon rejuvenating the way you think about the same old, innovations that rejuvenate. credits have rejuvenated the thinking about how same old. Be it profit generation, as exemplified by Magatte businesses can cut emissions and still be profitable. Wade, one of the speakers at the fifth annual Global World-renowned lateral thinking expert Edward Catherine Belbin Competitiveness Forum organised by SAGIA. de Bono says the way forward lies in value-added Group Editor THINK@motivate.ae 09
  • 11. spectrum tHe rigHt place at tHe rigHt time wrIttEN bY stEvE hIll revolutionary work in the fields of crop growth and medicine, the world’s most liveable city, plus new hotels and football facilities for Saudi Arabia make the headlines 011
  • 12. spectrum oN trAcK The designs of four stations conceived by Foster & Partners for the Haramain high-speed railway in Saudi Arabia have been revealed. The cities of Makkah, Madinah, jeddah and the developing King Abdullah Economic City in the west will be connected by the railway, which will provide a new link for pilgrims travelling during the Hajj. Islamic architectural traditions have influenced the design of 25 metre-high arches in each of the stations, due to be completed by May 2013. toP of thE clAss Seven of the 10 most reputable universities in the world – and 45 of the leading 100 – are American, according CoUrTESy oF SINGAPorE ToUrISM BoArd to the results of a global poll published by Times Higher Education. Harvard was at the top of the list followed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Two British universities – Cambridge (third) and oxford (sixth) – also feature in the top 10. japan is the only other nation to break into the top ten with Tokyo growing Wealth University in eighth place. surpass Canada, Britain and Switzerland to rankings were based on a survey of become the sixth richest economy in the world more than 13,000 academics from 131 by 2050. The report stated that Singapore countries. retained its position as the globe’s richest sAUDI ArAbIA will become the richest average of more than $98,000 per annum, economy, in terms of GDP per capita by 2050, economy in the Middle East in terms of GDP according to a forecast by Citibank. at $137,710 followed by Hong Kong ($116,639) per capita by 2050 when citizens will earn an It also predicted that Saudi Arabia will and Taiwan ($114,093). Bloomberg Businessweek’s best undergrad B-school for 2011 for thE second consecutive year, the study abroad at an international institution like sPortINg goAl World football powerhouse real Madrid museum’s Boost University of Notre Dame’s Mendoza College of Business won top spot in Bloomberg Cass Business School in London or Bocconi University in Milan. has inked an agreement with the Prince thE forD Foundation has contributed $3 Businessweek’s ranking of the best undergraduate The rest of the places in the top 10 went Salman Foundation to build a sports million towards the final construction costs of the business programmes in the USA. to (in order of ranking): University of academy in Saudi Arabia for 300 new building housing New York’s Museum for Students at Mendoza have the option of Pennsylvania (Wharton), Cornell University children. The Spanish club currently has African Art, which is due to open later this year. studying abroad in countries like Egypt and (Dyson), Ithaca, N.Y, University of Michigan 68 academies in 32 countries. The Ford Foundation Lobby will be an South Africa. Second place went to University (Ross), Ann Arbor, Villanova University, Madrid President Florentino Perez said: integral part of the $90-million museum of Virginia’s McIntire School of Commerce Pennsylvania, University of North Carolina “The academy will serve as a marvellous which has been designed by Robert AM Stern (McIntire Undergraduate Business Profile). (Kenan-Flagler), Chapel Hill, Massachusetts alliance and will allow us to open several Architects. Other donors to the museum After McIntire is Emory’s Goizueta Business Institute of Technology (Sloan), Cambridge, others across the 13 provinces of Saudi include David Rockefeller, John Tishman and School (Goizueta Undergraduate Business and Georgetown University (McDonough), Arabia.” the Walt Disney Company. Profile), a programme that enables students to Washington, D.C. 012
  • 13. spectrum sky’s the limit ExPErts IN Qatar are getting creative in preparation for the 2022 World Cup. Dr. Saud Abdul Ghani, head of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering at Qatar University, has unveiled the design of an artificial helium- filled cloud to float over Doha’s open-air stadiums, shading and cooling the grounds during matches. E-booKs INNovAtIoN The project will be executed in collaboration rufoof, a bookstore application that with Qatar Science and Technology Park. targets the Arab audience with more than Estimated to cost $500,000, the remote- 4,500 books covering various sectors, controlled cloud will be made of 100 per cent was launched in Saudi Arabia at the light carbonic materials and fuelled by four Second International Conference on solar-powered engines, flying at a very high e-Learning staged in riyadh. altitude to block direct and indirect sunrays. The rufoof app download is free Final Frontiers and can be downloaded from itunes. Users can view a wide range of titles in different categories and download DiScovery, naSa’s oldest surviving space shuttle, will be sent to the Smithsonian a sample to have the content available institute for display after being retired from active duty. it racked up nearly 240 even when the device is offline. million kilometres over the course of 39 missions in 27 years, spending 365 days in space. Discovery flew to the international Space Station 13 times and carried a total fAr tEAchINg of 184 astronauts. naSa’s two other shuttles are also set to be retired following the King Abdulaziz University has become end of the space shuttle programme. a member of the SAP University Alliance Programme – a global endeavour that helps faculty members teach students how technology can enable integrated business processes and strategic thinking. Professor osama Bin Sadeq Tayyeb, taking Flight economy-class seats. The remaining jetliners President of King Abdulaziz University, are in the new High Density configuration, said: “We have selected SAP’s business which accommodates 14 business-class and solutions for their functionality to support 327 economy-class seats. teaching, learning and business boEINg AND Saudi Arabian Airlines are range) is scheduled to be completed later this First class seats feature 39.1cm in-seat processes, enabling us to improve teaming up to modernise the carrier’s fleet of year. video monitors with PC power and powered our financial management, maintain 777s to enhance passenger experience. The Eight of the aeroplanes feature Saudi Arabian seat adjustment, while Business Class seats operational excellence, improve cabin modification programme involving the Airlines’ new Business Market configuration, have 30.7cm in-seat video monitors, also with productivity and ensure best-practice.” interiors of 22 Boeing 777-200ERs (extended with 24 first class, 38 business-class and 170 PC power and powered adjustment capability. The university, established in 1967, now boasts 140,000 students. clEAN brEAK Investment in clean energy hit record levels in 2010, climbing 30 per cent to $243 billion according to the latest analysis of global renewable energy markets by Ernst & young. However, there is concern that government spending cuts around the world could restrict continued expansion of the industry. China remains the clear global leader in terms of renewable energy with its wind capacity increasing by 64 per cent in 2010. 013
  • 14. spectrum PowEr lIst Lubna olayan, the CEo of riyadh-based olayan Financing Company, is the second most powerful Arab woman in the world according to CEo Middle East magazine. olayan Financing was launched by her father in 1947 and has grown to become one of the nation’s most successful conglomerates. olayan, who in 2004 spoke at the WEF in davos, Switzerland is also on the board of the Beirut-based Arab Thought Foundation. top of the crops Regions where water quantity and quality are limited, such as Saudi Arabia and the Middle East, could benefit by growing crops engineered for stress tolerance, which would rEsEArchErs at King Abdullah resistance of current crop varieties. Dr Magdy address the problem of the nutritional needs University of Science and Technology Mahfouz and his research team have been of a growing population and pave the way for (KAUST) have developed technology that looking at a new way of genetically engineering surplus crops to be exported to GM-restrictive could improve the quality, yield and disease plants to tolerate aggressive environments. markets like Japan. the place to Be lUPUs brEAKthroUgh vANcoUvEr has emerged as the most The US Food and drug Administration liveable city in the world for the fifth successive has approved the first new treatment for year, under an annual index compiled by the lupus in more than 50 years. Economist Intelligence Unit. Benlysta is an injectable drug A combination of stability, healthcare, developed over 15 years by US biotech culture and environment, education and PHoTo CoUrTESy oF ToUrISM vANCoUvEr Human Genome Sciences. infrastructure helped the Canadian west coast It is estimated that this chronic and city emerge with a score of 98 per cent. Two often disabling autoimmune disease other Canadian cities were in the top 10, with affects more than 1.5 million Americans, Toronto listed in fourth place and Calgary fifth. 90 per cent of whom are women. Melbourne leapfrogged the Austrian capital of Symptoms include fever, exhaustion, Vienna into second place. fatigue, joint pains and skin rashes, and The leading US city was Pittsburgh, in 29th there is no known cure for the disease. position, while New York stayed at 56th. 014
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  • 17. art + culture right to the art of it TErMINAL, THE GroUNdBrEAKING ExHIBITIoN By EdGE oF ArABIA, IS HELPING To PUT SAUdI ArABIAN ArTISTS oN THE MAP ANd SHoWING oFF THE CoUNTry’S FLoUrISHING CULTUrAL CrEdENTIALS. wrIttEN bY sAMIA QAIYUM If thoughts about the Kingdom of Saudi Kingdom, ranging from the mountains international cultural relationships, and addressed concepts of travel, Arabia only evoke images of vast deserts, of Aseer to the backstreets of Jeddah. stimulate interest and investment in bureaucracy, privacy and identity great wealth and limitless reserves of It all started back in 2003, when Saudi art. through the eyes of eight leading Saudi crude oil you should think again. British artist Steven Stapleton embarked Following successful exhibitions contemporary artists. The artworks, all An unexpected side of Saudi Arabia on a bumpy bus ride across Yemen’s in Venice, Riyadh, Berlin and most commissioned for this show, ranged has been revealed through the efforts of border with Saudi Arabia. His journey recently Istanbul, Edge of Arabia kicked from photography and sculpture to Edge of Arabia, a grassroots initiative introduced him to young artists at off 2011 with its first major exhibition performance, video and installation. that allows global audiences to better the Al-Miftaha Arts Village in Abha in the Gulf from March 14-April 15 The issue of travelling for people engage with the country’s relatively and ultimately welcomed an isolated at the Dubai International Finance from the Middle East, especially Screened unknown art culture. The non-profit arts community into mainstream Centre. Saudi, has changed drastically post 2011 organisation brings together a new conversation. Launched in London in Entitled TERMINAL, the highly 9/11. Having said that, more Saudis maha malluh generation of artists from all over the 2008, Edge of Arabia aims to enhance conceptual and experiential exhibition are now travelling than ever before, 017
  • 18. art + culture absorbing new ideas and challenging their own ideologies in the process. Both dynamics were reflected in the artworks; and the results were as educational as they were inspiring, as unpredictable as they were beautiful. a tale of Upon arrival at the exhibition, a “passport” was provided to take one through the airport setting that 1 candidly mirrored the discomforts of travelling in today’s world. Viewers two cities were guided from check-in through to security and immigration, before Taking viewers on a journey of exploration allowing them a moment to pause and illumination between Makkah and and reflect in the first class lounge. venice will be the Saudi pavilion at the 54th Contemporary art in Saudi Arabia may venice Biennale. be nascent, but TERMINAL proved Entitled The Black arch, the exhibition will to be surprisingly vibrant, critical and showcase work by Shadia and raja Alem, innovative. two artists who offer two different visions of 3 Curator Bashar Al Shroogi tradition, memory and contemporary issues commented: “Edge of Arabia has – one as a novelist and the other as a visual come a long way in terms of the artist. They were chosen after their proposals development of the exhibition as were considered to be the most appropriate a whole, as well as the individual for the biennial’s theme, which this year is growth of artistic expression of the 2 “Illumination”. artists themselves. TERMINAL pushes The sisters grew up in Makkah and curatorial boundaries in dialoguing Art Beijing studied classical literature, but it is their with audiences via an experiential April 29 – May 2 everyday experiences in the city (that installation. It also marks a maturity China National Agriculture Exhibition annually hosts millions of people from all in the relationship between artists and Centre, Beijing, China over the world) that dominates their work at 4 curators working within very tightly the pavilion. Saudi traditions and the Muslim defined parameters. It is fantastic to see CONTACT Photography Festival Art HK pilgrimage form the exhibition’s backdrop. the artists of Saudi Arabia pioneering May 1- 31 May 26-29 “I grew up aware of the physical this curatorial relationship for the first Multiple venues, Toronto, ON Canada Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition presence of black all around – the black time in the Gulf.” Centre, Hong Kong silhouettes of Saudi women, the black cloth The Edge of Arabia world tour is Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty of the Kaaba and the Black Stone,” raja globally sponsored by ALJ Community May 4 - July 31 Tim Burton explains. Initiatives and undertaken in Metropolitan Museum of Art, New May 29 – October 31 In turn, the colour becomes the main partnership with the Saudi Arabian York, US Los Angeles County Museum of Art, theme of the exhibition itself and also works General Investment Authority Los Angeles, US to contrast the other part of the work, a (SAGIA). Art Amsterdam mirror image reflecting the present. Black May 11- 15 54th International Art Exhibition – also represents the rich life the sisters lead Art AgENDA Amsterdam RAI, Parkhal (hal 8), Venice Biennale in Makkah; the past full of people, mostly Miró Amsterdam, Holland June 4 – November 27 pilgrims, stories told by grandmothers and April 14 – September 11 Multiple venues, Venice, Italy the rich traditions of Islam’s holiest city. Tate Modern, London, England SP-Arte This is Saudi Arabia’s debut at the venice May 12 – 15 Photoespana Biennale. Its mere presence is important on 1. inside Rembrandt and the Face of Jesus Pavilhão Ciccillo Matarazzo, São Paulo, June 9 – July 25 many levels, but it is vital for Saudi artists, TERMINAL April 21 – July 18 Brazil Paseo de Castellana, Madrid, Spain who have gained considerable confidence 2. curator Louvre, Paris, France in the wake of the rise of the contemporary bashar al Art Melbourne Picasso: Masterpieces from the Musée Khaleej art market. Shroogi Art Brussels May 19 – 22 June 11 – October 9 The 54th International art Exhibition will run 3. Brainwash, April 28 – May 1 Royal Exhibition Building, Melbourne, National Picasso, Paris De Young from June 4 to november 27. 2011 Brussels Expo, Halls 1 & 3, Brussels, Australia Museum, San Francisco, US Official partners for the saudi arabian hala ali Belgium pavilion include The Ministry of Culture and 4. Concrete arteBA Art Basel Information of the Kingdom of saudi arabia, Block IV Art Chicago May 19 to 23 June 15-19 the saudi arabian General Investment 2010 April 29 – May 2 La Rural, Pabellones Azul y Verde, Messe Basel, Halls 1 & 2, Basel, authority (saGIa), saudi aramco, and the abdulnasser The Merchandise Mart, Chicago, US Buenos Aires, Argentina Switzerland saudi research and Marketing Group. gharem 018
  • 19. art + culture going once, going twice Edge of Arabia continues its commitment to reinvest in the future of arts and culture in Saudi Arabia by auctioning six works of contemporary Arab, Iranian and Turkish art on April 19 in Dubai. Held in conjunction with the region’s leading art auctioneer, Christie’s Dubai, at the Jumeirah Emirates Towers Hotel, the sale is a fundraiser to enable the expansion of Edge of Arabia’s education programme and art workshops in Saudi schools and universities. The auction reflects the surge of interest in the region’s arts during the past few years. Local art shows are on the rise, more Saudi artists are participating in overseas exhibitions and more educational institutes are now offering arts degrees. This group of iconic works feature highlights from previous international exhibitions and it is estimated it will raise in the region of $150,000: 1. The highlight of the sale is a wood and copper dome symbolising the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem by Abdulnasser Gharem, a pioneer of conceptual art in Saudi Arabia and co-founder of Edge of Arabia. Entitled Message/Messenger and created in 2010, it hides beneath its vast diameter a small dove, the symbol of peace. Estimated at $70,000-$100,000. 2. Edge of Arabia co-founder Ahmed Mater lives in southern Saudi Arabia and is much celebrated for his X-Ray Illumination series. The work offered for sale, Evolution of Man, is a series of five light boxes showing a petrol pump in x-ray form slowly evolving into the head and torso of a man pointing the pump nozzle and then a gun to his 4. Manal Al Dowayan, a leading head. Estimated at $22,000-$28,000. Saudi lens-based artist known for her depiction of Saudi women’s issues 3. Maharem, a play on the Arabic word through art, is offering the Time 5. Maha Malluh is a photographer used to describe tissues and your close Seduces and Time Betrays triptych. This based in Riyadh. Since recently, she has 6. A Lambda print mounted on family, is by Ayman Yossri. In this monumental piece is from her recent begun to work with photograms – one aluminium by Sami Al-Turki entitled work, the Jeddah-based artist has taken series, which depicts an imagined of the oldest forms of photography Marhabba from the series Washaeg. It a group of tissue boxes, decorated them conversation between urban inhabitants using photographic paper exposed depicts two figures in the desert before with posters advertising classic Arabic and their cityscape, confronting the to light. Unveiled is a large lightbox an expansive sky pierced with sunlight, films from the 1940s or 1950s and complex issues of uncertainty, conflict containing a group of kitchen utensils and became iconic as the marketing stacked them beside and on top of one and constant flux in the relationship. animated with smiling faces. Estimated image for Edge of Arabia Dubai. another. Estimated at $20,000-$25,000. Estimated at $15,000-$20,000. at $5,000-$7,000. Estimated at $5,000-$7,000. 019
  • 20. thE 201 globAl 1 coMPEtItIvENEss forUM SoME oF THE WorLd’S MoST PoWErFUL BUSINESS, PoLITICAL ANd ENvIroNMENTAL LEAdErS GATHErEd For THE FIFTH TIME IN SAUdI ArABIA To dISCUSS HoW CoUNTrIES ANd LEAdING BUSINESSES CAN FoSTEr INNovATIoN. wrIttEN bY JoANNE MolINA 020
  • 21. World event The Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority (SAGIA) was pleased at the enormous success of the world’s premier conference about competitiveness: the Fifth Annual Global Competitiveness Forum (GCF), which was held on January 22-25 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. cElEbrAtINg its fifth anniversary, the conference, this year’s theme was Innovation as a Means to Competitiveness, built upon last year’s conference discussion that focused on balancing economic growth and sustainability through competitiveness. The GCF theme was particularly relevant as Saudi Arabia continues its unprecedented economic growth and continues to build upon the last five years of social and political reforms. For the past four years, participants at the GCF discussed innovation as a means of developing competitiveness in order to build sustainability, drive economic growth and promote responsible development. This year’s GCF was the first paperless forum of its kind as all participants had iPads and paper was banned. His Excellency Amr Al-Dabbagh, Governor and Chairman of the Board, Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority, explained the importance of the conference for Saudi Arabia and the world. “While the GCF is global in scope, it has special relevance for us here in Saudi Arabia. In defining the country’s development strategy, the Supreme Economic Council through the Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority, has committed to achieving world-class economic competitiveness as the platform for enhanced prosperity.” But he also emphasises that this prosperity should not come at any price. “To deliver sustainable prosperity, capitalism must be attentive to social, environmental, political and financial systems, with which it is intertwined. This imperative is reinforced daily by the pressure placed on the foundations of the world’s economic well-being. Achieving sustainable competitiveness has never been a more pressing challenge, neither for Saudi Arabia nor for other forward-looking nations.” According to Citibank’s forecast, Saudi Arabia is set to be the Middle East’s richest economy in terms of GDP per capita by 2050. Citibank also reported that Saudis will have an average wealth of $98,311 by 2050, nearly four times the current rate of $24,200 gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, according to the CIA World Factbook. Saudi Arabia tops the rankings for the Middle East and will be sixth overall on the global list by 2050, the forecast showed. In total, the Gulf is estimated to contribute four per cent of global GDP by 2030 and by five percent by 2050. The GCF launched in 2006 in Riyadh under the patronage of HM King 021
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  • 23. World event 7 8 9 10 1. Sagia governor amr al Dabbagh Abdullah bin Abdulaziz, the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques. It Walt Disney International, agreed saying: “The ecosystem should lay the and former uS president bill clinton started as a gathering of Information, Communication and Technology groundwork for innovation, then management should allow innovators at the SFg gala dinner 2. paul (ICT) experts, including Bill Gates, as a vehicle to discuss how these free reign to come up with ideas and be supportive even if they fail.” hawken, environmental activist and technologies enable and encourage competitiveness. Since the success of Former US President Bill Clinton gave one of the most talked-about author 3. Former uK prime minister its launch, the GCF has been the only event of its kind, functioning as an keynote speeches on the third day of the conference. “In an interdependent tony blair 4. adel m. Fakeih, mayor annual meeting of global business leaders, international political leaders world, innovation has to be built into the model and structure of operations,” of Jeddah 5. chrystia Freeland, and selected intellectuals and journalists to create a dialogue with respect he said. Clinton spoke about innovation and competitiveness around the global editor-at-large, reuters to the positive impact organisational and national competitiveness can globe and how it all relates to Saudi Arabia. Often the best innovation isn’t 6. ulf henriksson, chief executive and have on local, regional and global economic and social development. dramatic but rather just “doing what we already do better”, he continued. director, apv uK limited Its vision and mission continue to be the same: an annual programme “The iPad is an incredible innovation, but only 15 per cent of the world’s 7. his excellency Dr. muhammad of activities attended by global business leaders, international political population has the capabilities to use it.” Sulaiman al-Jasser, governor, Saudi leaders and selected intellectuals who share a common interest in At this year’s GCF, the spotlight was turned on five groundbreaking arabian monetary agency (Sama) competitiveness. The forum is dedicated to fostering awareness initiatives. The first initiative, The Saudi Fast Growth Awards (SFG), 8. helmut Schuehsler, managing and enthusiasm around the issue of competitiveness, evaluating the an annual ranking of the fastest-growing companies in Saudi Arabia, partner, tvm capital 9. James S. applicability of competitiveness theory and practice as a tool for launched by SAGIA, awards and highlights Saudi companies that are turley, chairman and ceo, ernst & generating real solutions to contemporary global challenges. creating jobs and spurring innovation. The top three winners for 2010 were young 10. andy bird, chairman, the First Gulf Company, Dnata Travel and Waseel ASP Ltd, respectively. Walt Disney international thIs YEAr’s first conference panel, Innovation as a Means of The second initiative, The Saudi Responsible Competitiveness Index Competitiveness, started by delving directly into the theme of innovation, (RCI) analyses how Saudi companies are building competitive advantage asserting that the future will reward those countries whose competitiveness by managing their social and environmental impacts. Led by the King drives them to create and think ahead. “Innovation is the best way Khalid Foundation and SAGIA, it is supported by the international think- to compete for companies as well as countries,” said panelist David tank AccountAbility. This year’s winners of the King Khalid Responsible Drummond, Google’s senior vice-president of corporate development. Competitiveness Award were Saudi Basic Industrial Company, SABIC During the course of the discussion, four key factors that foster (first), National Commercial Bank (second), International Medical innovation were established: an ecosystem that fosters change, a culture Centre and Dr Fakeeh Hospital (sharing third place). of tolerance towards failure, a supportive regulatory environment and The third initiative, The Most Competitive Youth (MCY), is a strategic availability of risk capital. “These add up to creating the environment that initiative to engage Saudi youth in applying 21st-century skillsets induces innovation,” said Jim Albaugh, president and CEO of Boeing. to improving their communities; inspiring creativity, promoting John Rose, CEO of Rolls Royce, raised in important point, reminding innovation, and bringing Saudi Arabia’s economy to the forefront of the panel that “not all innovation is good innovation” and that often competitiveness. Rayan Al-Dafas, a 15-year-old Saudi student, bagged innovations aren’t commercially viable. Albaugh supported Rose’s top honours this year. The fourth initiative, The Top 100 FDI initiative, observation, citing his experience with engineers at Boeing. He discussed was introduced by SAGIA to recognise top FDI companies, and highlight how each innovation an engineer makes should be respected so as not to their contribution to the Kingdom, the largest recipient of FDI in the discourage the engineer to innovate in the future. Andy Bird, chairman of region and the eighth largest in the world. The fifth initiative, Saudi 023
  • 24. World event 1 2 3 Oxford Leadership, was launched in 2009 as a joint initiative by SAGIA, countries is nearing its level in the OECD industrialised countries and 1. abe m. Sher, founder, chairman North Development Program, and Oxford University’s Saïd Business will surpass it by 2013.” and ceo of aqua Sciences, inc. School. The Saudi Oxford Leaders Event at GCF 2011 highlighted the The future of innovation in the energy field was also a hot topic at the 2. Steven mills, senior vice president, objectives and strategy behind the creation of SOAMLP, the connection conference. The panel The Shift in the Energy Landscape addressed how ibm 3. canadian senator, marie- between leadership development and competitiveness, and showcased diverse technologies to develop clean energy are on the rise. Joe Stanislaw paule poulin the alumni’s community-based projects for improving Saudi society. of the JA Stanislaw Group discussed how the future is “clean” and Sandra In celebration of Saudi Arabia’s improving to 11th place in the Ease of Wu of Koksai Kogyo Group urged Saudi Arabia to utilise advanced Doing Business Ranking and eighth in global inflows of FDI, the GCF Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in building solar power plants. panel on 10x10: A Case Study highlighted how accomplishments over the She said that satellite technologies will be crucial for selecting land and past five years have laid an excellent foundation for Saudi Arabia’s future positioning solar panels, and that, using GIS, Saudi Arabia would be able and it’s global presence. to maximise the productivity of its plants. President Bill Clinton said, “The 10x10 programme represents Saudi Art was also the topic of spirited discussions at the GCF. Paola Arabia’s commitment to thinking in terms of the future — not just Antonelli, senior curator of the Department of Architecture and Design thinking of the present.” at the Museum of Modern Art; Jake Eberts, the award-winning movie Amr Al-Dabbagh praised the success of 10x10, but he also said “this producer of A Journey to Mecca; Jitesh Gadhia, managing director of is not the end of our competitiveness journey; the future will be even The Blackstone Group; Mona Khazindar, Curator of the Museum of the more interesting. The Economic Cities will become new benchmarks Institut du Monde Arabe; and Venetia Porter, Curator of Islamic and recognising Saudi Arabia’s second phase competitiveness.” Contemporary Middle East at The British Museum, each presented their In his keynote speech, His Excellency Adel M Fakeih, the current Minister views during the panel, Creative Capital. of Labour, addressed labour force reform in Saudi Arabia. According to HE Panelists discussed how art plays an important role in creating a Fakeih, five million jobs need to be created in 20 years to keep up pace with competitive atmosphere. Khazindar showed slides of public art projects work force growth. He reassured the audience that the Saudi Government and Porter gave an overview of important contemporary Saudi artists, is working to fix this problem and he made three main recommendations: including Manal Al-Dowayan, who is supported by the Edge of Arabia 1) focus on job intervention policies that are “Saudisable” (industries where platform for promoting Saudi art. Eberts reflected on how business Saudis want to work), 2) create economic activities and opportunities that philanthropy can turn creative ideas into powerful cultural forces, deliver high salary jobs and 3) increase nationals’ participation in the private emphasising how “we are able to develop a sense of identity because sector by creating an equal playing field and restoring fair competition of social interactions”. Gadhia explained how innovation and artistic between nationals and expats. Other items that HE Fakeih put on the reform creativity are inseparable and offered suggestions for how the arts can agenda were increasing the cost of foreign workers, giving youth incentives create growth in private-sector competitiveness. to work in the private sector, making the labor market more transparent and Other speakers included Janine Benyus, Rahul Singh, Mohammed creating a social welfare system. Rezwan, Jack Simm. Klaus Kleinfeld, Marco Tronchett-Provera. Jean Pascale-Tricoire, Ulf Henriksson, James Wolfensohn, Professor Michael IN hIs keynote speech on the global energy outlook 2011, His Porter, Linda Rottenberg, Paul Hawken, Jean Chrétien, Andy Meyers, Amy Excellency Ali bin Ibrahim Al Naimi, Saudi Minister of Petroleum and Zhou, James Carpenter, Atul Punj and John C. Warner, among others. Minerals said, “The world has clearly passed the global economic and “The insights that emerged during the conference were a testament to financial crisis and deep recession it experienced in 2008-2009 and the growth and global scale of the GCF 2011,” says HE Amr Dabbagh. entered as of last year a stage of growth which is expected to continue this Next year’s theme will build upon these insights. “The theme will be year.” He added: “This year might mark an important turning point in “Competitive Entrepreneurship.” This is not the end of our competitiveness this direction, as oil demand in the emerging economies and developing journey; the future will be even more interesting.” 024
  • 27. ceo speaKs to tHinK captital sm W tH a consc ence MAGATTE WAdE-MArCHANd EArNS A LIvING By wrIttEN bY lIsA vINcENtI INTrodUCING AMErICANS To SoME oF HEr HoMELANd’S NATIvE SECrETS, yET SHE doES So IN A MANNEr ILLUSTrATIvE oF A NEW BrEEd oF CAPITALISTS WHo BELIEvE THEIr joBS Go WELL BEyoNd jUST TUrNING A ProFIT. MAgAttE Wade-Marchand, raised in Senegal, educated in Germany and France, and now living in the United States, is getting ready to launch her latest venture, a high-end cosmetics label At just 35, Wade-Marchand already has one flourishing company that takes traditional beauty recipes from her homeland, and brings under her belt. Founded in 2004, Adina World Beverages introduced an them into 21st century. Wade-Marchand has high-expectations for original Senegalese drink to US consumers, who have become increasing Tiossano Tribe, as her collection is dubbed. thirsty for esoteric, organic beverages. The market penetration of Adina Wade-Marchand is part of a growing number of entrepreneurs who in less than 10 years is impressive: the drink is now distributed through believe that profits do not have to be made at the expense of others most Whole Food supermarkets (the owner of which counts himself and the environment, they understand that every participant, from among the ranks of conscientious capitalists and was among the first CEO to local workers, must reap the rewards of success. Consider to adopt this new business model) and was recently introduced to it a corporate culture with soul; conscientious capitalism is what mainstream grocery chains such as Safeway, Publix and Raley’s. these entrepreneurs, including Wade, ascribe to and they hope it will Yet while establishing Adina in the marketplace, Wade-Marchand become the next major chapter in economics. lost touch with one of her original goals of the company and she feels So when it comes to establishing her latest proposal, Wade-Marchand the founding of Tiossano is her way back. “Adina was founded after is banking on Tiossano to not only help Senegalese workers earn a visiting Senegal and discovering that the traditional hibiscus beverage comfortable living but also to provide them with the tools they need to that I had been raised with was being replaced by Coke and Fanta,” turn Senegal into a haven of entrepreneurship. “Conscious capitalism notes Wade-Marchand, who is now based in the US but makes several is capitalism that’s conscious of its deeper purpose,” she says. “My trips a year back to her homeland, where her family still lives. purpose has always been to transform Africa by providing jobs, by “I knew the only chance that our beverage had of being respected providing innovative education and, most importantly, by providing by Senegalese people would be if it became popular in the West. a new identity for what it means to be African that will change both When I created Adina, hibiscus growing was in steep decline, and by Africans and non-African perceptions.” partnering with (Agribusiness in Sustainable Natural African Plant 027
  • 28. ceo speaKs to tHinK KEvIN MCNULTy 1 2 Products) and the first lady of Senegal we were able to create a thriving What’s more the country exports slightly more than $2.1 billion (chiefly organic hibiscus industry that now employs thousands of women. Since in fish, groundnuts, petroleum products, phosphates and cotton) while 3 then many organisations have been inspired by our visionary approach.” importing more than double that amount in food and beverages, capital As Adina, which received a $30 million venture capital infusion, grew goods and fuels. The nation has been struggling for decades to create an into a mainstream product, it began drifting away from its initial focus economy that can boost employment rates and income levels, yet change 1. magatte Wade with hibiscus on indigenous African recipes, prompting Wade-Marchand to leave the has come slow. women co-op growers in Senegal. company, although she remains the largest individual shareholder. Often relying on hand-outs of foreign aid for survival, Senegal – and 2. the new product tiossano from “The great irony is that while I have probably founded the most most other African nations, Wade-Marchand contends – would do far Wade. successful US consumer brand ever created by an African, the African better by fostering a spirit of entrepreneurship and enterprise instead. 3. a renewable energy power station component of the brand has steadily shrunk as the brand became more Furthermore, many non-government initiatives that attempt to create jobs in a remote village. successful,” she says. “Tiossano has been designed to ensure that will not in Senegal and Africa fail due to a lack of understanding by implementers happen again.” that to get a crop like hibiscus grown is just one small factor in the success of an agricultural project. It proves far more challenging to get crops to sENEgAl, wIth Its population of more than 12 million, sits market rather than having them rot in the field without a strong, saleable on the western most tip of Africa. One of the continent’s most stable concept, such as Adina, which serves as the buyer. democracies, Senegal, with its low, rolling plains rising to foothills in “After 40 years of socialism, there was much optimism in 2000 when the southeast, is nonetheless plagued by some of the same problems as President Wade was elected,” Wade-Marchand recalls. “Although he made other African nations. Nearly half of the population is unemployed and some reforms which made it easier to start businesses in Senegal, in more of those that do work, 77 per cent rely on agriculture to eke out a living, recent years reforms have gotten bogged down in politics and corruption. according to the Central Intelligence Agency’s World Factbook. Senegal is a beautiful country with hard-working, respectful, decent people. 028
  • 29. 1 2 3 4 “We have never had a coup nor civil war, our AIDS rate is similar California to adapt those beauty potions to American product 1. the Senegal countryside. to that of the US, we have none of the usual problems associated with standards. In fact, in the initial viability phase, Tiossano will be 2. a salesgirl in Dakar. Africa. If we can create a successful manufacturing sector we can produced, marketed and sold exclusively in the US. 3. a hotel in the Saly portudal area become the first African success story. In addition to the jobs created “Once we have adequate sales volume to justify moving production on the petite cote. directly by my company, I wanted to serve as a model to the Senegalese to Senegal we will do so,” Wade-Marchand says, noting that she expects 4. a coastal town in Senegal. of how it is possible to create a world-class company. it will take about 18 months to build up enough capital to set up a “I know many Indian entrepreneurs who said that when [IT and production facility in Senegal. “Thus our first impact [on Senegal] will consulting company] Infosys became a global brand it inspired them be to create jobs. In addition, we are devoting 10 per cent of product to create globally competitive companies as well. Today we all consider revenues to the creation of innovative education in Senegal, which will Indians as entrepreneurial, but that was not the case 30 years ago… I empower Senegalese young people to become creators, innovators and want to do the same for Senegal.” entrepreneurs. “In order for Africans to obtain the respect and dignity they deserve, wIth thE fIrst Tiossano beauty products coming to market this it is important that Africans not only escape poverty, but that they also spring, Wade-Marchand has big plans for her current project. Based become competitive globally. By means of the example of my company, just outside of New York, she apprenticed with a tradipractitioner in by the experience of working in my company and by means of the Senegal to learn all she could about traditional recipes and techniques. schools we will create, we will provide a new generation of Senegalese She then collaborated with a professional green chemistry lab in with the skills and inspiration to become globally competitive.” 029
  • 30. industry MINEr IssUEs – MAJor ProblEM WIdESPrEAd ABUSES IN THE PAST HAvE EArNEd THE MINING INdUSTry A dIrTy rEPUTATIoN. THE qUESTIoN NoW IS: CAN MINING CLEAN UP ITS ACT? wrIttEN bY DorothY wAlDMAN 1 030
  • 31. mining The world watched anxiously as 33 trapped Chilean miners were dramatically rescued after an accident last October. Unfortunately, this was but one of a deluge of mining accidents that occurred in 2010, and tragedies continue to occur. As of early March this year there have been 11 additional fatal mining accidents in Chile alone. CoPyrIGHT © MArLI MILLEr, UNIvErSITy oF orEGoN 2 3 4 MAJor AccIDENts in coal mining have made the front pages of Sakin Tuncer. Of particular concern is the damage to the olive trees in the world’s newspapers because of the tragic numbers involved and the the area. heroic rescue attempts. The reality is that the mining of coal and other “Olive trees have been [benefiting] humankind for the past 6,000 years, minerals frequently takes its toll, not just in terms of lives lost, but also whereas the average activity of a mine is around 10 years,” says Mustafa on the environment. Tan, head of Turkey’s National Olive and Olive Oil Council. “And at the Minerals harvested through mining are vital for almost all human end of that 10 years, the mines leave behind environmental damage that activities today from agriculture to manufacturing to the technology takes hundreds of years to heal.” required for alternate energy sources, and the demand for them continues to escalate. In an effort to extract these valuable natural resources from the AlthoUgh mining has been conducted for centuries, prior to earth, the mining industry has gained a reputation for the exploitation of recent years there has been little worry about the safety of people or both its workers and the environment. So is safe, clean mining possible? the environment. Today, these are growing concerns. International With the price of gold skyrocketing, its mining is taking on new organisations such as the International Council on Mining and Metals significance today. Unlike the popular Wild West image of a lone 49er (ICMM), an organisation comprised of 18 mining and metals companies panning for chunks of gold in a California stream, most of the supply that plus 30 national and regional mining associations and global commodity is excavated today is in the form of tiny particles mixed with mud and dirt. associations, have been formed by those involved in this sector to The traditional process uses a cyanide solution to extract the particles. voluntarily address core sustainability issues including the health and Contamination affecting the surrounding ecosystems occurs if water safety of workers and the environment. The list of yearly conferences utilised in this process leaks into the environment, causing substantial devoted to these issues is continuously growing as a testament to the damage to the local ecosystems, often destroying the livelihood of the current anxiety. inhabitants while exposing them to a variety of serious health conditions. The ICMM in a recent survey found that environmental concerns 1. anglogold mining operations in In 2000, a pipe carrying cyanide solution burst in Romania, sending (40 per cent) followed by social concerns (28 per cent) were the top South africa the rancid chemicals down to the rivers and villages below the mining sustainable development issues for the mining and metals industry. 2. open pit mine with half full of site. Eleven years later, people living in the area continue to suffer, with In the late 1930s, deaths from all mining activity in the US averaged water in north america drinking water cut off and nearly all the fish in the area killed.  over 1,500 annually, considerably more than the 71 fatalities in 2010. 3. anglogold’s underground mining Residents in western Turkey recently protested about a gold mining Improved safety policies and enforcement of government regulations operations in brazil project in their area. “This process brings an end to vegetable and fruit have helped reduce these numbers. If regulations are strengthened 4. a view of the plant at crixas mine farming and stock-breeding. The cyanide mixes with the atmosphere and throughout the world, and effectively and consistently enforced, more Serra grande in brazil comes back to the soil in the rain,” says Bayramiç District Mayor İsmail fatalities can be prevented and the affects on the environment should be 031
  • 32. mining less destructive moving forward. Many mining companies, especially the larger, more heavily regulated ones, have developed official sustainability statements voicing their concern for safety and the environment, a small but vital first step. According to Martin Jones, director of the Banro Foundation, which is involved in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: “With reputable mining companies that (destruction) almost never happens. Any mine being built today has to be built to global standards. In the Congo, the Mining Code of 2003 is quite advanced. It is based on the best mining practices in Africa and was put together with help from the World Bank. If you do [build according to World Standards] there shouldn’t be any environmental issues.” The increase in awareness in the past few years has also inspired responsible companies to take their own initiative to prevent these disasters. Among advances being made are those by European Nichol, which has developed heap leach technology that, in addition to being effective and cost-effective in extracting the mineral that is used in making stainless steel, is a method that considerably reduces carbon dioxide emissions when compared with conventional processes. The sulphuric acid used in the process is recycled to generate steam, which in turn generates more electricity than the project needs. The excess is then supplied to the local energy grid, thus reducing the need for fossil fuels. Another reportedly more environmentally friendly technology for extracting minerals is the bioleaching utilised by BacTech Environmental, which uses naturally occurring bacteria rather than chemicals such as cyanide and is purported to be a safer method of neutralising arsenic and other toxins in mine site debris or “tailings”. wAtEr MANAgEMENt is another vital aspect of the mining 1 process and involves recycling, conservation, quality-testing and storm water management. Xstrata, which has 40 operations worldwide, with recycled. For one operation in Chile, treated wastewater accounts for 70 1. a view of the plant at crixas mine close to half in arid regions, is working to lessen their demands on water per cent of the overall water consumed. Serra grande in brazil sources through conservation Additional pressure to clean up the environment is coming from other 2. martin Jones, chairman of the and the increased use sectors of the economy as well. Zale Corporation and 53 other jewellery banro Foundation of recycled water. companies with annual sales of more than $5.75 billion are boycotting Approximately 60 gold from the open-pit Pebble Mine in southwest Alaska, United States.  per cent of the water Open pit mining is a surface mining practice that leaves a huge pit in the used in 2009, the last earth. “Such a large number of jewellers have never taken a stance on a year statistics are particular place before,” Earthworks spokeswoman Bonnie Gestring says. available for, was Some lenders are also taking a stand on mining practices. The loan getting the environment and to promote workplace “We are dealing with a population safety. that really wants to see progress. They Martin jones, chairman of the Banro are perfectly aware the Congo has been it right Foundation, spoke to thINK. “When we first went to the Congo in the autumn of 2004, the first thing left behind. They know they have limited opportunities and that the rest of the world has a higher standard of living, and more bANro is a Canada-based gold we did was to meet with the tribal and opportunities in life. The know they have a exploration and development company that administrative leadership in the regions limited skills base.” is constructing a “phase one” gold mine where we were going to be active, as well in the democratic republic of the Congo, as the government and church officials, The local leaders identified three areas the first of a number of projects there. The and explained to them what our goals they specifically wanted the Foundation to Banro Foundation was created to promote were going to be. We asked them how we address: the social and economic development of could best work with them to make the most 1. Education the local communities, to create jobs and effective contributions to these communities,” 2. Healthcare training for Congolese citizens, to protect he said. 3. Social infrastructure 2 032