This presentation deals with Vyadhikshmatva in relation with Vikara Vighata Bhava & Abhava ,Satmya and its relation with health & disease

1. VYADHIKSHMATVA
Dr Akshay Shetty
Associate Professor
SSRAMC & H
Inchal

2. Contents
• Objectives
• Definition of Vyadhikshmatva
• Types of Bala
• Balavriddikara bhava
&Shareeravridhikara Bhava
• Relation of Vikara Vigahata
Bhava & Abhava with
Vyadhikshmatva
• Definition of Satmya
• Types of Satmya
• Relation of Satmya with Health &
Disease
• Summary
• References
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3. Objectives
VYADHIKSHMATVA(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
By the end of the presentation the students must be able to---
1. Define Vyadhikshmatva
2. List Types of Bala
3. Explain Balavriddikara bhava &Shareeravridhikara Bhava with
Vyadhikshmatva
4. Relate Vikara Vigahata Bhava & Abhava with Vyadhikshmatva
5. Define Satmya
6. List Types of Satmya
7. Explain Relatation of Satmya with Health & Disease
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4. VYADHIKSHMATVA(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
व्याधिक्षमत्वं व्याधिबलधिरोधित्वं व्याध्युत्पादप्रधिबन्धकत्वधमधि यािि्|
Chakrapani on Ca.Su 28/7
It is the strength or power of the body which prevents
manifestation of the disease in an individual.
Vyadhikshamatva includes two aspects,
 Vyadhibala virodhitatvam
 Vyadhi utpada pratibandhakatvam
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5. VYADHIKSHMATVA(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
• The body will develop the strength to fight against the occurred
disease in Vyadhibala virodhitvam whereas the disease itself
will not get manifested in case of Vyadhi utpadaka
pratibandhakatvam.
• Here, Vyadhi utpada pradibandhakatvam will arrest the disease
during the Samprapti only where the actual prevention of
disease occurs
• Vyadhi bala virodhitwam is concerned with the process after
the disease has manifested in the body
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6. धिधििं बलधमधि- सहजं, कालजं, युक्तिक
ृ िं च|
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Sahaja
Kalaja
Yuktikrita

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सहजं यच्छरीरसत्त्वयोोः प्राक
ृ िं,
Sahaja (hereditary, since birth)
Sahaja bala is present in body and mind since birth or naturally
It is the inherent bala or strength attained due to the excellence of components of
sharira and manas
It is formed due to the combination of Shukra and Shonita possesing excellent
qualities

8. Cont…
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According to Chakrapani the constitutional strength / fitness is
present in every living being from the time of birth.
The sharirika and manasikabala which is attained by the parental
factors like rasa, rakta, virya, ojas is sahaja-bala, which can be
considered as strength attained from heredity.
Thus the natural strength does not require any extraneous factor for
its growth

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कालक
ृ िमृिुधिभागजं ियोःक
ृ िं च,
• Kalakrita bala is according to the
seasonal variations and age of the
person
• Kalaja-Bala is one, based on the
age of person and the seasonal
changes.
• The bala in adulthood will be more
compared to childhood and old
age.
• Pertaining to seasons, Bala is more
in sheetarutus (cold season) like
Hemanta and Shishira compared to
other rutus
kalaja (seasonal or periodic),

10. युक्तिक
ृ िं पुनस्तद्यदाहारचेष्टायोगजम्||३६||
yuktikrita (acquired).
• Strength is based on the combination of the dietetic and the other regimens
followed by the person
• Yuktikruta-Bala is achieved by the proper combination of the intake of
wholesome food like pulses, rice, ghee, meat etc. and following other
regimen like exercise, proper rest and also with the use of elixirs rejuvenators
(rasayanayogas).
• In this part Ayurveda having more interventions like promoting the bala of an
individual by using the dravya possessing balya, bruhana, shramahara,
vayasthapana, rasayana, vajikarana karma
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11. Balavriddikara bhava & Shareeravridhikara Bhava
बलिृक्तददकराक्तिमे भािा भिक्ति| िद्यथा- बलित्पुरुषे देशे जन्म बलित्पुरुषे
काले च, सुखश्च कालयोगोः, बीजक्षेिगुणसंपच्च, आहारसंपच्च,
शरीरसंपच्च,सात्म्यसंपच्च, सत्त्वसंपच्च, स्वभािसंधसक्तददश्च, यौिनं च, कमम च,
संहषमश्चेधि||१३||
Ca.Sh 6
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12. The following factors are responsible for
enhancing strength
Birth in a geographical region where
people are naturally strong
Birth in a race of strong people
Birth at a time when people naturally
gain strength
Favorable disposition of time
Excellence of beeja (sperm and
ovum) and kshetra (uterus) qualities
Excellence of ingested food
Excellence of physique
Excellence of satmya (adaptability to
various factors responsible for the
maintenance of the body)
Excellence of mind qualities
Natural tendency
Youth
Exercise
Cheerful nature
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13. Relation of Vikara Vigahata Bhava & Abhava with Vyadhikshmatva
इह खलु धनदानदोषदू ष्यधिशेषेभ्यो धिकारधिघािभािाभाि प्रधिधिशेषा भिक्ति|
यदाह्येिेियोधनदानाधदधिशेषाोःपरस्परंनानुबध्नन्त्यथिा[१]
कालप्रकषामदबलीयांसोऽथिाऽनुबध्नक्तिनिदाधिकाराधभधनिृमधतोः,
धचराद्वाऽप्यधभधनिमिमिे, िनिोिाभिन्त्ययथोिसिमधलङ्गािा;
धिपयमयेधिपरीिाोः;इधिसिमधिकारधिघािभािाभािप्रधिधिशेषाधभधनिृमधतहेिुभमि्ु
िोः||४||
Ca.Ni 4
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Samprapti is the process of disease manifestation right from the contact
of Nidana, vitiation of Dosha and continuing till the manifestation of
symptoms. Acharya Charaka explains in Prameha nidana – “occurrence or
non-occurrence of a disease depends upon the Prativisheshas of Nidana,
Dosha and Dushya towards Vikara vighata bhava-abhava
The elements (Bhava) which obstruct and stops (Vighata) the
manifestation of disease is called Vikara vighata bhava. In the absence of
Vikara vighata bhava the disease will manifest easily

15. Visheshas and Prativisheshas
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The specific factors which are involved in the manifestation of a
disease are known as Visheshas/Nidanadi Visheshas[ and they include
• Nidana (causative factors)
• Doshas (three humours of body)
• Dooshyas (Dhatus/Upadhatus/Malas)
Acharya Chakrapani considers Nidanadi Visheshas as Vyadhijanaka
Nidana

16. Prativishesha is nothing but the outcome of Nidanadi Visheshas coming in
contact with Vikara Vighata Bhava and Vikara Vighata Abhava
Vikara Vighata Bhava Prativisheshas
Avikarajananam (non manifestation
of disease)
Chirena Vikara Jananam (Delayed
manifestation of disease)
Anu Vikara Jananam (manifestation
of a mild disease)
Asarvalingayukta Vikara Jananam
(manifestation of a disease without
the all symptomatology)
Vikara Vighata Abhava Prativisheshas
Vikara Jananam (manifestation of
disease)
Sheeghra Vikara Jananam (Early
manifestation of a disease)
 Mahati Vikara Jananam
(manifestation of a severe disease)
 Sarvalinga Yukta Vikara Jananam
(manifestation of disease with all
symptomatology)
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Association between Nidanadi Visheshas is a requisite for the manifestation
of a disease.
Vyadhikshamatwa (immunity) is a factor which is antagonistic to the strength
and virulence of a disease (Vyadhi Bala Virodhitwam), as well as which
inhibits the disease causing factors (Vyadhyutpad Pratibhandakatwam).
Nidanadi Visheshas coming in contact with Vikara Vighata Bhava will not be
permitted for mutual association between them and thereby manifestation
of a disease is inhibited. This refers to Vyadhyutpad Pratibandhkatwam.

18. • On the other hand Anubandha between Nidana, Dosha and Dooshyas
is permitted after a long gap leading to delayed manifestation of
disease.
• Similarly, a weak bonding between Nidanadi Visheshas will lead to
Anuvikara Jananam/ Asarva Linga Yukta Vikara jananam which are
easy to cure. This refers to Vyadhi Bala Virodhitwam
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19. Satmya
सात्म्यं नाम िद् यदात्मन्युपशेिे; सात्म्याथो ह्युपशयाथमोः|
Ca.Vi 1/20
• Habituation(Satmya) means that which suits the self. Satmya and
upashaya have the same meaning. Thus,satmya is integral part of
preservation of health and treatment.
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सात्म्यं नाम सुखं यि् करोधि िदुच्यिे| .[Dalhana, Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana
35/40]
Anything that leads to comfort is satmya
सात्म्यं नाम िद्यि् साि्ेनोपसेव्यमानमुपशेिे| Ca.Vi 8/118
The substance which produces wholesome effect is called 'satmya'
to that person.

21. िक्तरिधििं प्रिरािरमध्यधिभागेन; सप्तधििं िु रसैक
ै कत्वेन सिमरसोपयोगाच्च| िि सिमरसं
प्रिरम्, अिरमेकरसं, मध्यं िु प्रिरािरमध्यस्थम्I Ca.Vi 1/20
Based on one’s habitual usage of taste(rasa) taste, satmya could be categorized into
three types:
1. Pravara (Superior): Consumption of all rasas collectively is considered superior
2. Madhyama(Medium/average): Consumption of two to five rasa in combination is
medium
3. Avara(Inferior): Consumption of only one rasa is considered inferior
Effort should be made to gradually move up from the inferior and the
medium types of satmya to the superior type
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22. Satmya
Pravara Sarvarasa(Shadrasa)
Avara Ekarasa
Madhura
Amla
Lavana
Tikta
Katu
Kashaya
Madyama
Dvirasa to
Pancharasa
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23. Components of Satmya
सात्म्यं िु देशिोः कालिो व्याधििोः प्रक
ृ धििोः स्वभाििोऽभ्यासिश्च धभन्नं भिधि;
Chakrapani on Ca.Su 15/5
Satmya is one of the important assessment parameters in examination of patient. It
differs according to
Geographical region(desha)
Season (kala),
Disease (vyadhi),
Natural constitution(prakriti),
Inherent nature(swabhava)
Repeated use(abhyasa)
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24. Satmya in Health
• Satmya is one of the six factors along with maternal, paternal,
psychological, spiritual, and nutritional, which contribute to the origin
and development of an organism. [Cha.Sa. Sharira Sthana 3/14].
• During the process of embryogenesis, satmya leads to the state of
freedom from diseases(arogya), freedom from laziness (analasya),
freedom from greed (alolupatva), clarity of senses, excellence of
voice, fertility and optimum libido. [Cha.Sa.Sharira Sthana 3/11].
• Suitable diet and lifestyle are of utmost importance for all humans,
especially for expectant mothers to have healthy children. Not
following the regimen can result in a child prone to disease and
congenital disorders.
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25. Cont…
• Following a suitable regimen is considered the best for the development
of purusha in the group of best wholesome practices(agrya samgraha)
[Cha.Sa.Sutra Sthana 25/40]
• The strength or immunity of a person depends upon the excellence of
adaptability to various factors responsible for the maintenance of the body.
(satmya)[Cha.Sa.Sharira Sthana 6/13]
• Status of health depends upon the inherent as well as acquired adaptations of an
individual.
• Diet and lifestyle opposite to the qualities of the habitat of the individual and of
the causative factors of the diseases prevalent in the location will prevent the
occurrence of diseases. [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 6/50]
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26. Satmya in Diseases
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Satmya is an important assessment parameter in the examination of patients from the
perspective of the field of action (karyadesha).[Cha.Sa.Vimana Sthana 2/13]
Upashaya(alleviation of disease by treatment) is inferred by satmya. Likewise,satmya is
also used as a tool to reveal diseases with unclear pathologies. For example, if the pain
gets relieved by the application of oil massage, then oil is suitable for the person and
the condition is caused due to aggravated vata dosha.[Cha.Sa.Vimana Sthana 4/8]
Satmya is an important component of the examination of patient. [Cha.Sa.Vimana
Sthana 8/94]

27. Summary
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28. References
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Charaka Samhita
Sushruta Samhita
Anusha Baburaj & Resmi B: Critical Appraisal f Vikara Vighata Bhava W.R.T Vyadhikshamatva,
International Ayurvedic Medical Journal, 2021
Anand G. Keriyawar et al. Vikara Vighata Bhava - Concept of manifestation and non
manifestation of a disease, Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences , July - Aug
2020 , Vol. 5, Issue 4

29. VYADHIKSHMATVA(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
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