Nepal is a small, landlocked country, situated between Tibet (China) to its north, and India to its east, west and south. At latitudes between 26 and 30 degrees north and longitudes between 80 and 88 degrees east, the country covers an area of 147,181sq.km and stretches approximately 145-241 km.Nepal is the home to the highest peak of the world Mount Everest also known as Sagarmatha locally. Nepal is known for its temples, trek, nature, mountains views.

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VISIT NEPAL
Pooja Agrawal

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About Nepal
Nepal, country of Asia, lying along the southern slopes of the Himalayan
mountain ranges.
It is a landlocked country located between India to the east, south, and
west and the Tibet Autonomous Region of China to the north.
Its territory extends roughly 500 miles (800 kilometres) from east to west
and 90 to 150 miles from north to south.
The capital is Kathmandu.

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Geography of Nepal
 Upper Himalaya
The Upper Himalaya ranges from 4,000m above sea level to 8,848m above sea level. It
occupies 15% of the total area of the country and within this region lie eight of the
fourteen highest peaks in the world exceeding 8000m. The high Himalaya is extremely
cold, windy and inhospitable while the region immediately below them are inhabited but
the land is far less fertile than the lower Himalayas. Thus, cultivation is minimal in this
region. However, it is the mountains that attract the bulk of tourists who arrive in Nepal
for trekking and mountaineering.
 Middle Hills & Lower Himalaya
The middle hills and Lower Himalaya form the largest part of the country and also has
the largest population. Occupying 68% of the country, it enjoys a temperate climate and
the land here is far more fertile than in the upper Himalayan region. At the high end, the
Mahabharat range reaches an altitude of around 4000m above sea level while the Churia
range is lower in comparison.

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 Tarai Region
The plains of Nepal are known as the Tarai and they occupy 17% of the
land, stretching from the far-west to the far-east covering the entire
southern part of the country. The lowest altitude in this region is known
to be 70m above sea level. With a sub-tropical climate, the land here is
exceedingly fertile and produces the bulk of the food grains for the
country’s population.

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Climate of Nepal
Nepal experiences 4 seasons:
Spring (Mid Feb – April),
Summer (May – Aug),
Autumn (Sep – Nov) and
Winter (Dec – Mid- Feb).
The climate changes rapidly from the sub-tropical Tarai to the cool dry temperate and alpine
conditions in the northern Himalayan ranges within a short span of 200 km. In the Tarai, which
is the hottest part of the country, summer temperatures rise above 45°C. The climate here is
hot and humid. In the middle hills, the summer climate is pleasant with temperatures around
25°C – 27°C.
The winter temperatures range from 7°C to 23°C in the Tarai and sub-zero to 12°C in the
mountainous regions, hills and valleys. The northern Himalayan region has an alpine climate
with temperatures reaching below -30°C. The valley of Kathmandu has a pleasant climate with
an average summer and winter temperatures of 19°C – 27°C and 2°C – 12°C respectively.

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National Flag
 The blue border symbolizes
peace and harmony. The crimson
red is Nepal's national colour,
and reflects the brave spirit of
the Nepalese people. The two
triangles symbolize the
Himalayan Mountains. The
depiction of celestial
bodies represents permanence
and the hope that Nepal will last
as long as the sun and the moon!

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Himalayan Monal. This
beautifully
colourful pheasant is the
national bird of Nepal.
Cow, which is sacred to Hindus,
has been declared the national
animal of Nepal in the country's
newly-unveiled secular
Constitution. Nepal on Monday
adopted a new Constitution after
years of political wrangling. “As
for the pro-Hindus, we have
made cow our national animal.
Its crimson red is the
colour of
the rhododendron, the
country's national
flower.
Golden Himalayan raspberry (Aiselu in Nepali) (Rubus ellipticus) is
unofficially designated as National fruit of Nepal.

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Language and Culture
 The culture of Nepal is unique. It is rich in music, dance, arts, literature,
religion, festivals and food. Temples and monasteries are the foundations of
Nepali architecture and dominate the important cultural and historical places.
 There are 125 caste / ethnic groups in Nepal and these have developed their
own religion, language, and music.
 The main language spoken in Nepal is Nepali with 45% of people using it as
their primary language.
 The most common greeting in Nepal is “Namaste” with both palms pressed
together across the chest which means “The god in me greets the god in you”.

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 Religion:
Nepal is a secular state according to the constitution of Nepal with a
predominance of Hindu and Buddhist population. According to the 2011
census, 81.3% of the Nepalese population was Hindu, 9.0% was Buddhist, 4.4%
was Muslim, 3.0% was Kiratist (indigenous ethnic religion), 1.4% was Christian,
0.2% was Sikhs, 0.1% was Jains and 0.6% follow other religions or no religion.
There is also a lot of “fusion” elements of both that is commonly seen in Nepal. In
the mountain areas, Buddhism is more predominant while in the cities, mid hills
and flatlands Hinduism predominates. Nepalese people are very religious by
nature and hold close to their beliefs and culture. There is also a strong belief in
spirits, ghosts and Shamanism and Shamans are often consulted for treatment of
illnesses.
 Festivals:
The biggest festival of the year is Dashain which is held for 15 days in late
September or early October. There are many other festivals and celebrations held
in Nepal and most months are host to different celebrations.

11. z Mountains
Mt. Everest is the highest peak in the world
standing at an elevation of 8,848 m (29,029 ft),
recognized by China and Nepal, was established by
a 1955 Indian survey and subsequently confirmed
by a Chinese survey in 1975.
Kanchenjunga once thought to the highest
mountain the world lies in the eastern part of
Nepal bordering to India .Its height
is8,586m/28,169ft

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Lhotse, the third highest mountain in Nepal is
part of the Everest massif and is connected to
the latter peak via the south col. Its Elevation:
8,516m/27,940
Makalu is the fourth highest mountain in Nepal
and the fifth highest mountain in the world at
an elevation of 8,485m/27,838ft.

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Cho Oyu
Elevation:
8,201m/26,906ft
Region/Range:
Mahalangur Himalaya
First Ascent: October 19,
1954
Co-Ordinates:
28°05′39″N 86°39′39″E
World ranking: 6
Dhaulagiri
Elevation: 8,167m/26,795ft
Region/Range: Dhaulagiri
Himalaya
First Ascent: Kurt
Diemberger, Peter Diener,
Nawang Dorje, Nima
Dorje, Ernst Forrer and
Albin Schelbert on May
19, 1960
Co-Ordinates: 28°41′48″N
83°29′35″E
World ranking: 7
Manaslu
Elevation: 8,156m/26,759ft
Region/Range: Manaslu
Himalaya
First Ascent: Toshio
Imanishi and Gyalzen
Norbu on May 9, 1956
Co-Ordinates: 28°33′00″N
84°33′35″E
World ranking: 8

14. Annapurna
Elevation: 8091m/26,545ft
Region/Range: Annapurna
Himalaya
First Ascent: Maurice
Herzog and Louis Lachenal
on June 3, 1950
Co-Ordinates: 28°35′44″N
83°49′13″E
World ranking: 10
Gyachung Khang
Elevation: 7,952m/26,089ft
Region/Range: Mahalangur Himalaya
First Ascent: Y. Kato, K. Sakaizawa and
Pasang Phutar on April 10, 1964
Co-Ordinates: 28°05′53″N 86°44′42″E
World ranking: 15

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Historical Places
Bhaktapur Durbar Square
The square is indeed a living
museum. You can see plenty of
ancient monuments, buildings, and
temples where ever you turn. If the
weather cooperates, you can
experience panoramic views of the
Himalayan peaks from Nagarkot, a
tiny hill-station village that lies
near Bhaktapur.
Pashupatinath Temple
This is the largest Hindu temple in the world devoted
to Lord Shiva. It is one of the famous Nepal’s
Historical sites and is a UNESCO World Cultural
Heritage site. Shree Pashupatinath temple is often
referred to as the “Temple of Living Beings,” as it
attracts a vast number of pilgrims every day who
come from faraway places to offer their prayers and
seek blessings of the divine deity.
Apart from its religious importance, this temple
complex is a stunning example of ancient architectural
prowess. Shivratriand the Bhagmati riverside are two
of the most important event and riverside to watch at
this temple.

16. Bhoudanath Stupa
The Bodhnath or Boudhanath Stupa is
one of the largest Tibetan Buddhists
stupas outside of Tibet. Constructed
by King Man Dev in the fifth century,
this colossal stupa is built atop an
octagonal structure, which
symbolizes Buddha’s teachings. It is
surrounded by several gompas or
smaller temples.
Changu Narayan Temple
As old as time itself, this ancient Hindu
temple has a history that goes back
3000 years. Considered as the oldest
Hindu temple in all of Nepal, this one is
a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site
and is built in the two-tiered pagoda
architectural style that you come across
at several places in the Kathmandu
valley.
The main shrine is surrounded by
mythical beasts – ram-horned griffons,
winged lions, and other familiar animals
like elephants and lions on all sides.

17. Lumbini
Considered as the birthplace of
Siddhartha, who later became Lord
Buddha, Lumbini draws hundreds of
Buddhist pilgrims daily. In the year
250 BC, the legendary emperor
Ashoka erected a stone pillar here
marking the birthplace of Buddha.
Maya Devi, the mother of Buddha,
gave birth to the Lord near a tree in
the centre of the garden, which now
houses a temple dedicated to her.
Patan Durbar Square
the town of Patan is surrounded
by four stupas erected by
Emperor Ashoka in the third
century B.C. Also, known as
Lalitpur, the Patan Durbar Square
is one among the UNESCO World
Cultural Heritage Sites in Nepal.
A marvel of Newar architecture, it
has a Square floor that is tiled
with red bricks. Housing many
temples and idols, it also holds
old Newari residential houses.

18. Swayambhunath Stupa
It’s also known as the Monkey
Temple for the primate population
in and around the temple complex.
Today, the stupa has a pinnacle
made of copper with a conical
spire. The lower hemisphere is
made of clay and brick and has
Lord Buddha’s eyes adorned on all
four corners.
Kathmandu Durbar Square
This is one of the must-
see Places of Historical
Importance in Nepal and a
UNESCO World Cultural Heritage
Site. It’s a live museum and gives
you a glimpse into the local way
of life. Filled with popular shrines
and temples that demonstrate the
ancient Newari architecture, it’s a
great place to start your trip to
Nepal.

19. Janakpur
Janakpur was the capital of the ancient
kingdom of Mithila, better known as the
birthplace of Sita and the city where Lord Ram
wed her. Centuries later, the Maithili culture is
still evident in this city, which remains
untouched by modernity.
Thousands of Hindu pilgrims visit Janaki
Mandir every year on the Vivah Panchami
festival, the anniversary of the wedding of the
mythical couple held in November or early
December every year. The massive three-story
temple complex with over 60 rooms is the
crowning glory of Janakpur. It’s considered
one of the top 10 historical places in Nepal.
Muktinath Temple
The name Muktinath literally
means, “Place of Salvation.” The
temple is a small structure and
contains an idol of Lord Vishnu, as
Mukti Narayana. This pilgrimage
site is an excellent example of how
two religions can share a holy site
in harmony.

20. Mustang Caves
Mustang Caves are also known as the Sky
Caves of Nepal, the amazing thing about
these caves are that these caves are the
collection of 10,000 man-made caves which is
located into the sides of the beautiful valleys
of Mustang district.
After many years of digging and experiments,
archaeologists and researchers found
preserved human bodies and skeletons
which is around 2000 to 3000 years old. They
found many more precious objects like
sculptures, manuscripts, artefacts and
Buddhist paintings which belong to the
12th to 14th century.
Kopan Monastery
Kopan monastery is one of the most
famous monasteries in Nepal. Its
name is kept from the hills on which
it is built. It is famous for its
teachings of Buddhism to the
coming foreigners. The place is lit
with a positive vibe and will make
you feel relaxed and calm.
Monasteries are really a great place
to live or to explore as you learn a lot
of new things.

21. Complex of Ruru Kshetra
This place is a really famous place for the Hindus as it
is one of the most important Hindu pilgrimage and
cremation place as well where you can do all the Hindu
rituals.

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National Park
•Chitwan National Park – 952.63 km2 (367.81 sq mi)
•Sagarmatha National Park – 1,148 km2 (443 sq mi)
•Langtang National Park – 1,710 km2 (660 sq mi)
•Rara National Park – 106 km2 (41 sq mi)
•Khaptad National Park – 225 km2 (87 sq mi)
•Shey Phoksundo National Park – 3,555 km2 (1,373 sq mi)
•Bardiya National Park – 968 km2 (374 sq mi)
•Makalu Barun National Park – 1,500 km2 (580 sq mi)
•Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park – 159 km2 (61 sq mi)
•Banke National Park – 550 km2 (210 sq mi)
•Shuklaphanta National Park – 305 km2 (118 sq mi)
•Parsa National Park – 637 km2 (246 sq mi)

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Conservation Area
•Annapurna Conservation Area – 7,629 km2 (2,946 sq mi)
•Kanchenjunga Conservation Area – 2,035 km2 (786 sq mi)
•Manaslu Conservation Area – 1,663 km2 (642 sq mi)
•Blackbuck Conservation Area – 15.95 km2 (6.16 sq mi)
•Api Nampa Conservation Area – 1,903 km2 (735 sq mi)
•Gaurishankar Conservation Area – 2,179 km2 (841 sq mi

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Wildlife reserve
• Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve – 175 km2 (68 sq mi)

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Trek
Everest Three Passes Trek
The Three Passes Trek takes you over three 5,000m+ passes and is the
best way to truly experience the Everest Region for those who have the
time to spend 3 weeks on the trail. The trek includes sections of the
Everest Base Camp Trek, but offers even more spectacular views of the
giants in the heart of the Himalaya as you cross the Renjo La, Cho La and
Kongma La passes. The Three Passes trek can be combined with other
variations of the Everest Base Camp Trek.

26. Manaslu Circuit Trek
The Manaslu Circuit Trek has
become more accessible since new
lodges were built in 2010. The trek
has all the great features you’d
expect from a classic Himalayan
trek—deep lush valleys at lower
elevations, amazing views of
8,000m peaks, and a 5,000m+ pass
crossing—all the while remaining
largely unspoiled by visitors.
Despite its rising popularity, the
Manaslu Circuit still feels very
remote, and has fewer trekkers than
the more established classic treks
of Nepal.

27. Langtang Trek
The Langtang trek is a trek with real
heart. The trek takes you through
magnificent forests to the high alpine
meadows and yak pastures around
Kyangjin Gompa (a Buddhist
monastery), with an optional day hike
up to the top of Kyangjin Ri (peak).
Annapurna Base Camp Trek
The Annapurna Base Camp
Trek takes you deep into the
Annapurna Massif to the foot of
Annapurna South. The scenery is
quite different from most other
classic treks

28. Upper Mustang Trek
The arid valley of the Upper
Mustang Trek features a distinct
landscape compared to almost all
other treks in Nepal. Mustang used
to be its own kingdom, and its
strong Tibetan-influenced
traditions make this a culturally
very interesting trek.
Gokyo Lakes Trek
Like the Three Passes Trek,
the Gokyo Lakes Trek shares
significant sections with the
classic Everest Base Camp Trek
but takes you into a valley west
of Everest. Its main attraction
are the beautiful lakes at Gokyo

29. Dhaulagiri Circuit Trek
The Dhaulagiri Circuit Trek is
one of the most challenging
treks in Nepal
Nar Phu Valley Trek
Nar Phu is a true hidden
gem that offers trekkers a
rare opportunity to explore
unspoiled valleys that
feature a mix of raw
Himalayan nature and
ancient Buddhist culture.

30. Everest Base Camp Trek
The Everest Base Camp Trek is
among the most famous treks in
the world.
Annapurna Circuit Trek
The Annapurna Circuit trek is
another quintessential Himalayan
trek

31. z
Adventure
Rock climbing Paragliding Take a UltraLight Flight
Experience in Pokhara
Hand Gliding in
Sarangkot
White Water Rafting in
Trishuli river Canyoning in
Rupa Taal

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Zip Lining in Nepal Skydiving Above
Mount Everest
Bungee Jumping at
Hemja, Pokhara
Stand Up Paddle-
boarding in Phewa Lake
Pony Trek
Expedition

33. THE END