A book on spiritual meanings of Rigvda written by Vedic Scholar late Kizhumundayoor Krishnan Namboodiri

1. sshZn-I-Z¿iw
{KŸ-I¿Øm
sI.F≥. IrjvW≥ ºq-Xncn
{]km-[-w
sI.-F≥. ]c-ta-izc≥ ºq-Xncn
Iogvap≠-bq¿, t]cm-aw-Kew
hnX-cWw
]©mwKw ]pkvX-I-im-e, Ip∂w-Ip-fw

2. Vaidikadarsanam (Malayalam)
sshZn-I-Z¿iw
{KŸ-I¿Øm : {_“{io sI.-F≥. IrjvW≥-ºq-Xncn
{]km-[-w : sI.-F≥. ]c-ta-izc≥ ºq-Xncn,
Iogvap≠-bq¿, t]cm-aw-K-ew-, Xriq¿ Pn√.
-H∂mw ]-Xn∏v : 1193/Jan2018
A®Sn : ]©mwKw Hm^vsk-‰v, Ip∂w-Ipfw
hne : 100 I
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3. sshZn-I-Z¿i--Øns‚ {]k‡n
thZ-th-Zm-¥-]-fin-Xpw Ejn-I-ev]-p-am-bn-cp∂ sI.-F≥. IrjvW≥-
-ºq-Xncn EtKz-Z-Ønse BZy-a-{¥hpw sXm´p-W¿Øn a‰v nc-h[n a{¥-
ß-fp-tSbpw kq‡-ß-fp-tSbpw A¿∞hpw k¶-ev]hpw B≤ym-fln-I-ambn
hni-Z-am-°n-s°m≠v Fgp-Xnb teJ--ß-fpsS kam-lm-c-amWv sshZn-I-
Z¿i-w. sshZn-I-E-jn-am¿ Z¿in® D]-n-j-Ønt‚bpw `mK-h-X-Øn-t‚bpw
`K-h-XvKo-X-bp-tSbpw ]n≥_-e-Øn¬ hymJym-n®v thZm-¥-cwKw F¥m-
sW∂v km[m-c-W-°m¿°pw-IqSn kphy-‡-amIpwhn[w {]Im-in∏n-®p-X-
cp-∂p. CXv hmb--°m-cs ssh⁄m-n-I-ta-J-e-bn-tebv°v B-bn-°p-
∂-tXm-sSm∏w B≤ym-fln-I-XbpsS DZm-Ø-X-e-Øn-tebv°v Db¿Øp-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p. kam-[m--]-c-amb kl-h¿Øn-Xz-Ønpw kt¥m-j-Ønpw
klm-b-I-amIpwhn[w Fßs Pohn-°-W-sa∂ D]-tZiw IqSn-bm-Wn-
Xv. thZ-a-t{¥m-]m-k--bpsS ^ehpw {]tbmP-hpw F¥m-sW∂pw {]Xn-
]m-Zn-°p-∂p-≠v. AtXm-sSm∏w thZ-Øns‚ I¿Ω-Im-fi-amb b⁄-
Øns‚ {]k-‡nbpw {]m[m-yhpw bmKm-Zn-{In-b-Iƒ sNøp-∂-h¿°pw
AXm-kz-Zn-°p-∂-h¿°pw IrXy-amb [mc-W-bp-≠mIpw hn[w kpe-fn-X-
ambn hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p. B≤ym-fln-I-Nn-¥bpw Ap-jvTm--ß-fp-sa√mw
`uXn-I-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ `{Z-amb ssc-¥-cy-Ønv th≠n-bm-sW∂ bmYm¿-
∞yw Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏w kwXr-]vXpw IrXm¿∞-p-ambn Xocm-
p≈ hgn-sb-¥m-sW∂p CXn¬ hy‡-am-°p∂p.
{]]-©-kr-jvSn°v Imc-W-amb Cuiz-cs‚ C—m-i-‡n-bpsS sNdn-
sbmcp LSIw Hmtcm hy‡n-bnepw Hmtcm hkvXp-°-fn-ep-ap-≠v. {]h¿Ø-
-_-lp-e-amWv Cu {]]-©w. Cu {]]-©-ap-≈n-S-tØmfw Imew Cu
{]h¿Ø--{]-{In-b-bn¬n∂v hn´p-n¬°m≥ B¿°pw km[y-a-√. A-
t∏mƒ {]h¿Øw IqSntb Ign-bq. Pw apX¬ acWw hsc I¿Ω-
n-c-X-m-bn-cn-°p∂ ap-jy≥ Hmtcmtcm Ime-L-´-Øn¬ hnln-Xhpw Ahn-
ln-X-hp-amb ]eXpw sNøp-∂p. Hmtcm I¿Ω-Ønpw Hmtcm ^e-ap-≠m-
Ipw. B{K-ln-®mepw Cs√-¶nepw I¿Ω-^ew Ap-`-hn-°p-I-Xs∂ th-
Ww. hnln-X-I¿Ω-߃ KpW-]-c-amb ^ew Df-hm-°p-∂Xpt]mse Ahn-
ln-X-I¿Ω-ß-fpsS Xn‡-^-e-ßfpw Ap-`-hn-t°-≠-Xmbn hcpw. kpJ-
hpw ZpxJhpw kam-[m-hpw kwXr-]vXn-bp-sa√mw I¿Ωm-p-jvTm-sØ
B{i-bn-®m-bn-cn-°pw. At∏mƒ t{ijvThpw hnln-X-hp-amb kz[¿Ωm-p-
jvTm--߃°mWv {]mapJyw Iev]n-t°-≠-Xv. sNtø-≠-Xp-t]mse
sNbvXmte IrXm¿∞-X-bp-≠m-Iq. F{X sNbvXp F∂-Xn-t-°mƒ Fß-
s, F¥p-`m-h--tbmsS sNbvXp F∂-XmWv {][m-w. icn-bmb `mh--

4. 4 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
tbmsS {Zhyw, tZiw, Imew F∂nh Ap-Iq-e-am-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ ip≤-a-
-t msS Cuiz-c-{]-kmZw am{Xw e£yw-sh-®p-sIm≠v sNøp∂ I¿Ω-
߃ am{Xta t{ib-kvI-chpw temI-t£-a-I-chpw Bbn-Øo-cq.
""Pohn-X-Øn¬ ttS-≠-Xmb al-Ømb Hcp [w Pohn-X-aqeyw {]m]n-
°pI F∂-Xm-Wv. Cu e£yw ]e¿°pw ]e-Xm-Int√ F∂p kwibw
hcmw. Aßs ]e-Xmbn tXm∂n-bmepw AXn-s‚-sb√mw BXy-¥n-I-
hÿbn¬ AXv H∂p-X-s∂-bm-Wv. a‰p-≈ -e-£y-ß-sf√mw Hcn-°¬
D≠mbn ]ns∂ njv{]-tbm-P--am-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. [¿Ωn-jvTcpw A¥¿ap-
JXzw kn≤n-®-h-cp-am-sW-¶n¬ Ah¿°v e£yw C∂-sX∂p kphy-‡-
ambn sXfn-bp-∂p. AXm-bXv Pohn-X-sØ-°p-dn®pw {]]-©-sØ-°p-dn®pw
Cuiz-c-s-°p-dn®pw D≈-Xmb icn-bmb Adnhv GtXm AXmWv BXy-
¥n-I-e£yw. AXm-bXv thZm-¥n-bpsS `mj-bn¬ ]d-™m¬ {_“-{]m-
]vXn AYhm Bfl-km-£m-XvIm-cw. AXv In´p-∂n-s√-¶n¬ as‰-¥p-In-´n-
bmepw B jvS-t_m[w Xocp-∂n-√.'' IrjvW≥ ºq-Xncn Ak-μn-Kv≤-
ambn {]Jym-]n-bv°p-∂p.
hnln-X-amb nXy-ss-an-ØnI Imay-I¿Ω-ß-sf√mw thZ-a-t{¥m-®m-
c-W-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F√mw thZm-[njvTn-X-
hp-am-Wv. ITn--amb X]- n-eqsS sshZn-I-E-jn-am¿ Z¿in®pw k¶-ev]n®pw
cq]-I-ev] sNbvX-h-bp-am-Wv. Ejn-am¿ ]tcm-£-hm-Zn-I-fm-I-bm¬ a{¥-
ß-fp-tSbpw {Inb-I-fp-tSbpw A¿∞hpw Dt±-ihpw hmNn-I-ambn ]d-bmsX
kt¶Xw sIm≠v kqNn-∏n-°p-I-am-{X-amWv sNbvXn-´p-≈-Xv. AØcw kt¶-
X-ßfpw k¶-ev]-ßfpw Fs¥m-s°-bmsW∂v Adn-™mte A¿∞-a-
dn™v th≠-Xp-t]mse I¿Ωm-p-jvTm--ß-fn¬ G¿s∏-Sm-m-Iq. km[m-
c-W-°m¿°v A{]m-]y-amb Cu nKq-Vm¿∞-ßfpw thZm-¥-cw-Khpw
Fs¥m-s°-bm-sW∂v "sshZn-I-Z¿i'ØneqsS t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.
ΩpsS {]h¿Øw GXp cq]-Øn-em-hWw F∂-XmWv thZm¿∞-
hn-Nn-¥w SØn hymJym-n-bv°p-∂-Xv. ]cn-an-Xn-I-sf-t`-Zn®v A]-cn-an-
X-amb ssNX-y-Øn¬ AYhm C—m-i-‡n-bn¬ hne-bn-°m-m-Ws{X
thZw t_m[n-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.
thZ-a-t{¥m-]m-k--bpsS Dt±-ihpw {]tbm-P--hp-sa-¥mWv? Fßs-
sb√mw sNbvXm-emWv km^eyw Ap-`-h-th-Zy-am-IpI? th≠-Xp-t]mse
sNbvXp-Xo¿°m-p≈ Ignhv Fß-s-bmWv kn≤n-°pI? {_“m-p-`qXn
F∂ ÿnXn-bn¬ FØpI F∂ ap-jys‚ Pohn-X-e£yw Fß-s-
bmWv km¿∞-I-am-bn-Øo-cpI? CØcw kwi-b-ß-sf√mw Zqco-I-cn®v
Dt±-i-e-£y-߃ t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-Øpw-hn-[-amWv CXn¬ khn-kvXcw {]Xn-
]m-Zn-®n-´p-≈-Xv.
C—m-i‡n {][m--amb t_m[-ssN-X-y-as{X thZ-Ønse A·n.

5. sshZn-I-Z¿iw 5
A·nsb kvXpXn-®p-sIm≠v Bcw-`n-°p∂ EtKz-Z-Ønse BZy-a-{¥-
Øns‚ A¿∞hpw [znbpw hy‡-am-°n-b-tijw a‰v a{¥-ßfpw kq‡-
ßfpw Ah-bnse Hmtcm ]Z-Øn-t‚bpw hyp¬]-Ønbpw `mh-X-e-ß-fp-a-
S°w kphy-‡-ambn hymJym-n-bv°p-∂p. AtX-Øp-S¿∂v thZ-Øns‚
I¿Ω-Im-fi-amb b⁄-Øns‚ {]k-‡nbpw {]m[m-yhpw N¿®-sNbvXv
I¿Ω-Øns‚ k¶-ev]hpw ^e-{ip-Xn-bp-a-S°w hni-Z-am-°p-∂p.
EtKz-Z-a-{¥-߃ A¿∞-t_m-[-tØmsS Cuiz-cm¿∏-W-_p≤ym P]n-
°p-tºmƒ A¥x-I-c-W-Ønse B[p-n-I-kw-kvImcw in®v ssZhn-I-
kw-kvImcw hf-cpw. Cu hf¿® Hcp-hs Btflm-∂-Xn-bn-te°v bn-
°p∂p F∂-XmWv EtKz-Z-Øns‚ km¿h-P-o--amb {]tbm-P-w; sshZn-
I-Z¿iw {]Io¿Øn-°p-∂p. GXv Ah-ÿ-bnepw lmn hcm-Ø-hn[w
Xß-fpsS a- p-t]mepw `{Z-am-bn-Øo-c-W-sa-∂m-hWw {]m¿∞-. AXnv
]mfin-Xy-tØ-°mƒ _mey-`m-h-Øn-ep≈ njvI-f-¶-X-bmWv th≠-
sX∂pw Hm¿Ωn∏n-°p-∂p. {]]-©-Øn-ep≈ hkvXp-°-sf√mw ssZhn-I-
Kp-W-hn-ti-j-ap-≈-Xm-I-bm¬ GXp hkvXp-hn-tbpw tZh-`m-h--tbmsS
kao-]n-®m¬ AXn¬ n∂v A`o-jvS-ßsf Id-s∂-Sp-°m-m-Ip-sa∂v
DZvt_m-[n-∏n-°p-∂p. Imcy-amb {]h¿Øn-sbm∂pw sNømsX {]h¿Øn-
°p-∂-h-cp-sS Ip‰w Is≠-Øm-mWv A[n-I-am-fp-Ifpw D’m-ln-°p-∂X.v
F∂m¬ kvXpXn-°m-mWv nμn-°m-√ EtKzZw D]-tZ-in-°p-∂-Xv. AXn-
m¬ X∂n¬n∂v ]pdta ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-sX¥pw kvXpXn°p hnj-b-ß-
fm-sW∂pw Cu DZm-Ø-a-tm-`m-h-amWv thZ-]-T--Øn-eqsS mw hf¿Øn-
sb-Sp-t°-≠-sX∂pw IrjvW≥ ºq-Xncn D]-tZ-in-°p-∂p. AtX-k-abw
sNøp∂ I¿Ω-߃ XmmWv sNøp-∂-sX∂ `mhw D≠m-h-cp-sX∂pw
H∂pw Xs‚-b-s√∂pw Xn-°p-≈-X-s√∂pw Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p. kzm¿∞m-
l-¶m-c-߃°v ASn-a-s∏´ ap-jy≥ F¥p-sN-øp-∂Xpw Xn°pw Xs‚
Bfp-Iƒ°pw th≠n-bm-Wv. B k¶p-Nn-X-amb afi-e-Øn¬n∂v
nkzm¿∞-XbpsS hnim-e-ta-J-e-bn-tebv°v ]d-∂p-b-cp-hm-p≈ A`ym-
k-amWv b⁄w F∂pw n¿h-Nn-°p-∂p.
Cßs sshZn-I-E-jn-am¿ Z¿in®pw Ap-`-hn-®-dn-™-Xp-amb EtKz-Z-
a-{¥-ß-fpsS ⁄m-Im-fihpw I¿Ω-Im-fihpw AtX DƒIm-gvN-tbm-
sSbpw Bflm¿∞-X-tbm-sS-bp-amWv sI.-F≥. IrjvW≥ ºq-Xncn
hymJym-n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. thZ-a-{¥-ß-fpsS A¿∞hpw [znbpw Bg-
Ønepw ]c-∏nepw t{ijvThpw lrZy-hp-am-b-hn[w Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏´ Cu
sshZn-I-Z¿iw Ap-hm-N-Is Ap-`q-Xn-bpsS alm-irw-K-Øn-tebv°v
Db¿Øp-sa∂v Dd-∏m-Wv.- A-Xp-X-s∂-bmWv sshZn-I-Z¿i--Øns‚ {]k-
‡n-bpw.
Xr»q¿ hS-°p-ºm´v mcm-b-W≥
1-.06.-2017

6. 6 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
Ah-Xm-cnI
Xm]-{X-b-ß-fpsS ASn nc-¥cw G‰p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ {]mNo ap-
jys‚ lrZ-b-Øns‚ smº-c-Ønv Imhy-`wKn Xpfp-ºp∂ lrZ-b-
kv]¿in-bmb cq]w sImSpØ `mc-Xob Ejn-am¿ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xm-IWw
"Xa-tkmam tPymXn¿K-ab' F∂p XpSßp∂ a{¥-߃. kzmp-`qXnkº-
∂-∑m-cmb B alm-flm-°ƒ ap-jy-cm-insb H∂mbn I≠p-sIm≠v Ah-
cpsS ZpxJw ]I¿Øp-Ibpw AXnv ]cn-lmcw n¿t±-in-°pIbpw sNbvXn-
´p≈ Aaqeyn[n-bmWv thZ-ßfpw D]-n-j-Øp-I-fpw. ]e D]-n-jXv
XXz-ßfpw thZ-a-{¥-ß-fpsS hnIm-k-amWv F∂v Xs∂ ]d-bmw. `mc-
Xob XXz-im-kv{X-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm--in-e-Iƒ mev alm-hm-Iy-ß-fmWv
F∂v ]d-™m¬ F√m-hcpw AwKo-I-cn-°pw. Cu mev alm-hm-Iy-ßfpw
mev thZ-ß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏-´-h-bm-Wv.
"{]⁄mw {_“' (sFX-tc-bw, EtKzZobw) "Alw {_“mkvan'
(_rl-Zm-c-Wy-Iw. bPp-¿th-Zobw) "XØz-akn' (Omtμm-Kyw, kma-th-
Zobw) "Ab-amflm {_“' (amfiq-Iyw, AY¿Δ-th-Zobw)
mev bpK-ß-fn¬ {]Y-ahpw {][m-hpw IrX-bp-K-am-Wv. A∂v P-
ß-sfms° ta[m-i-‡n-bp-≈-hcpw IrX-Ir-Xy-cp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-cpsS
e£yw {_“w. AXn-te-bv°p≈ am¿§w {]W-hw, Ah-cpsS D]m-k-
bv°v AXv aXn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. t{XXm-bpKw h∂-t∏m-tgbv°pw GIm-{K-
Xbv°pw ta[m-i-‡n°pw tem]w h∂p. Ah-cpsS Cuiz-c-k-¶¬]-Ønv
Nne D]m-[n-Ifpw {]Xo-I-ßfpw Hs° Bh-iy-ambn h∂p. ]c-a-Im-cp-
Wn-I-∑m-cmb Ejo-iz-c-∑m¿ HmwIm-csØ hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-ØXmWv thZ-
a-{¥-߃. b⁄-Ønv th≠n Cu a{¥-߃ A∂sØ P-߃°v
Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-∂p. thZw Du∂¬ sImSp-°p-∂Xv b⁄w XpS-ßnb
I¿Ω-Im-fi-Øn-m-Wv. ]s£ AXnepw Nnt¥m-±o-]-I-ß-fmb XXz-߃
DƒsIm-≈n-®n-cp-∂p. ]pcp-j-kq‡w XpS-ßnb a{¥-ß-sfms° ⁄m-
hp-ambn _‘-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. thZ-߃ {][m--am-bn´v I¿a-Im-fisØ kqNn-
∏n-°p-tºmƒ D]-n-j-Øp-Iƒ I¿Ω-Øn--∏p-d-ap≈ ⁄m-Øn-mWv
{]m[m-yw sImSp-°p-∂-Xv. Cu ⁄m-_o-P-ß-sf√mw thZ-Øn-ep-≈-
Xm-Wv. AXns‚ AXn-hn-i-Z-amb N¿®-bmWv D]-n-j-Ønse ⁄m-
Im-fi-Øn¬ apg-ßn-tIƒ°p-∂-Xv.
ItTm-]-n-j-Øn¬, kwkm-c-°q-cn-cp-´n¬ s]m´-°n-W-‰n-p-≈n¬ ´w
Xncn-bp∂ A⁄-∑m-cpsS Zb-o-b-amb Nn{Xw Imhym-fl-I-amb `mj-
bn¬ Ejn hc-®p-Im-´n-bn-´p-≠v.

7. sshZn-I-Z¿iw 7
Ahn-Zymbma¥tc h¿Ø-ammx
kzbw- [ocmx ]finXway-ammx
Z{μ-ay-amWmx ]cn-b¥n aqVm
At‘-ssh ob-amm bYm‘mx.
(A⁄m--Øns‚ D≈n¬ hkn-°p∂ ap-jy¿ X߃ ]fin-X-∑m-
cm-sW∂pw [oc-∑m-cm-sW∂pw Sn®v hgn-b-dn-bmsX s]m´-°n-W-‰n¬ Np‰n-
s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p) GXm≠v CtX Bibw ]sØm-ºXmw q‰m-≠n¬
Cw•-≠n¬ Pohn-®n-cp∂ Pn.-Fw. tlm]vIn≥kv FgpXnbXv hmbn-°p-∂Xv
IuXp-I-I-c-am-bn-cn-°pw. At±-l-Øns‚ {]m¿∞ Cßs:
Lead kindly light
Amidst the encircling gloom
Lead thou me on!
The night is dark and
I am far from home
Lead thou me on!
(shfn®w ImWn-°q, Np‰p-]mSpw I´n-Iq-Snb Ccp-´m-Wv. Rm≥ ho´n¬
n∂pw (kz-cq-]-Øn¬ n∂pw) hfsc AI-se-bm-Wv. Zb-hp-sNbvXv Fs∂
shfn-®-Øn-tebv°v bn-°q.)
GXv cmjv{S-am-bmepw GXv aX-am-bmepw Nn¥n-°p-∂-hs‚ D≈n¬
Cu {]m¿∞ s]m¥n-h-cpw. Cu Nn¥bv°v Ime-∏-g-°-an-√. CXv GXp-
Im-eØpw qX--am-Wv. Cu kwkm-c-am-Ip∂ s]m´-°n-W-‰n¬ n∂pw
]pd-Øp-h-cp-∂-Xp-hsc CXmhpw kXym-tz-jn-I-fpsS {]m¿∞-. Cu
amXncn thZ--Iƒ°pw AXn-p≈ ]cn-lm-c-߃°pw bp‡n-bp-‡-amb
]cn-lmcw n¿t±-in-°p-∂-XmWv thZ-cm-in-Iƒ. alm-Ihn Imfn-Zm-k≥
Xs‚ hnJym-X-amb cLp-hwiw F∂ Imhy-Øn¬ ]d™ Hcp Imcyw
Hm¿Ω-bn¬ hcp-∂p. Hcp teJw As√-¶n¬ Hcp ]pkvXIw hne-bn-cp-
Øp-tºmƒ n¿_-‘-ambpw AXnse aq∂v LS-I-߃ {i≤n-°-Ww. 1)
AXns‚ hnjbw 2) AsX-gp-Xnb Bƒ 3) Fgp-Xnb hn[w.
"hrØw cmaky
hmflotIx IrXn
Xu In∂c kzcu'
C{X-bp-am-bm¬ B-μ-e-_v[n°v Cn as‰m∂pw th≠ F∂mWv
alm-Ihn ]d-bp-∂-Xv. CXmWv Fn°v {io sI.-F≥.--ºq-Xn-cn-bpsS
"sshZn-I-Z¿iw' F∂ {KŸw hmbn-®-t∏mƒ tXm∂nb Bi-bw. hnjbw
thZw, teJ-I≥ {io IrjvW≥ºq-Xn-cn, ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv efn-Xhpw
kpμ-c-hp-amb `mj-bn¬. CXn¬ IqSp-X¬ F¥mWv ap°v {]Xo-£n-
°m-p-≈Xv? Fn°v {io IrjvW≥ ºq-Xn-cn-bp-am-bn´v At-I-h¿j-

8. 8 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
ß-fpsS ASpØ ]cn-Nbw D≠v. thZ-Øn¬ C{Xbpw Ah-Km-l-ap≈
Bsf Rm≥ I≠n-´n-√. km[m-c-W-th-Z-]-fin-X-∑m¿ Xn bmYm-ÿn-Xn-
I-∑m-cm-Wv. Ime-Øn--p-k-cn-®p≈ hymJymw Ah¿°-dn-bn-√. ]≠v
]Tn-®Xv Imcy-a-dn-bmsX Bh¿Øn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ b{¥-ß-sf-t∏m-
se-bmWv Ah¿. Imfn-Zm-ks‚ `mj-bn¬ "thZm-`ymk PU-∑m¿.' thZ-
Øns‚ A¿∞w Adn-b-W-sa∂pw Adn-tb-s≠∂pw c≠-`n-{]m-b-߃
Ah-cpsS CS-bn-ep-≠v. bmYm-ÿn-XnI-Xz-Ønv CXn¬ IqSp-X¬ Hcp
sXfnhv Bh-iy-apt≠m? {io. IrjvW≥ ºq-Xncn Ah-cn¬ ns∂√mw
XnI®pw hyXy-kvX-m-Wv. B[p-nI Ime-L-´-Ønse qX--ß-fmb
Nn¥m-[m-c-I-sf√mw At±lw kzmb-Ø-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂
At±-l-Øns‚ thZ-hym-Jymw XnI®pw ]pXp-a-bp-≈-Xm-Wv. ho≠pw Imfn-
Zm-ks D≤-cn-°s´;
"A≤ym-]-I¿ c≠v Xc-°m-cm-Wv. Hcp Iq´¿ √ Adn-hp-≈-h-cm-Wv.
]s£ ]d-™p-sIm-Sp-°m≥ Adn-bn-√. at‰-°q-´¿ F√mw hmNm-e-ambn
]d-bpw. ]s£ D≈v s]m≈-bm-Wv. Adnhpw AXv ]I¿∂p-sIm-Sp-°m-
p≈ Ignhpw B¿°pt≠m At±-l-amWv icn-bmb A≤ym-]-I≥.'
{io. IrjvW≥-ºq-Xncn √ Hcp A≤ym-]-I≥ IqSn-bm-Wv. [mcmfw
hmbn®v B hmb Dƒs°m≠v AXn-t‚-Xmb `mj-bn¬ ]d™v ^en-
∏n-°m-p≈ Akm-[m-c-W-amb Ign-hp-sIm≠v Ap-Kr-lo-X-mWv At±-
lw. ]m›m-Xyhpw ]uc-kvXy-hp-amb F´v ]T--{]-{In-b-Iƒ D≠v. AXn¬
]m›m-Xy-a-x-imkv{Xw Ap-k-cn®v hnZym-`ym-k-Ønv mev ]S-hp-Iƒ
D≠v. 1) hmb 2) a- n-em-°¬ 3) Dd-∏n-°¬ 4) Dƒs°m-≈¬. hmbn-
°p-∂Xv ]eXpw icn°v Dƒs°m-≈-W-sa-∂n-√. ]t£ Bh¿Øn-®m-
h¿Øn®v hmbn-°p-tºm-gmWv Ωƒ a- n-em-°p∂p F∂ Xe-Øn¬
FØp-∂-Xv. Imew Ign-bp-tºmƒ a- n-embn F∂p hnNm-cn-°p-∂h ad-
∂p-t]m-tb-bv°mw. AXp-d-∏n-°-emWv Consolidation F∂ ]S-hv. Fßs
Dd-∏n°pw? a- n-em-bXv njvIr-jvS-ambn aw sNbvXv Dd-∏n-°pI
Xs∂ thWw. Aßs h∂m¬ ]md-bn¬ sImØn-h-®-Xp-t]mse B
Adn-h-hnsS n¬°pw. AXpw Ign-™m¬ ]c-a-{]-[m--amb mem-asØ
Xe-Øn-tebv°v FØp-I-bm-bn. AXmWv kzmwio-I-c-Ww. `mc-XobhnZy-
`ym-k-k-{º-Zmbw H∂p-IqSn Db¿∂ Xe-Øn-em-Wv. hnZym`ym-k-Øns‚
{]mY-an-I-X-e-ß-sf-]‰n H∂p kqNn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v ]d-bp-∂p.
""A[oXn t_m[m-N-cW {]Nm-cssWx'' apºv kqNn-∏n® mev ]S-hp-
Iƒ Ign-bp-tºmƒ A[oXn F∂ ]S-hm-bn. ASpØ ]Shv kzmwio-I-c-
W-am-Wv. AXm-bXv t_m[w. BZy-tØXv ]tcm-£m-p-`qXn BsW-¶n¬
t_m[w A]-tcm-£m-p-`qXn BWv. hnZym-`ymkw B ]S-hn¬ n∂m¬
t]mcm Xm≥ kzmwio-I-cn-®Xv Xms-t∏mgpw BN-cn-bv°-Ww. AXp am{Xw
t]mcm AXv {]N-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw thWw. i¶-cm-Nm-cy-kzm-an-Iƒ apX-ep≈

9. sshZn-I-Z¿iw 9
ΩpsS BNm-cy-∑m-cpsS Hcp o≠ ]c-ºc Cu A[o-Xn-t_m-[m-N-c-W-
{]-N-mcWw S-Øn-b-h-ct√? {io IrjvW≥ºq-Xncn Cu ]S-hp-I-fn¬
IqSn-sbms° h∂ Hcp alm-flm-hm-Wv. thZ-Ønse ]e a{¥-ßfpw hnI-
kn-∏n-s®-Sp-Ø-Xm-Wv {ioa-Zv`m-K-hXw F∂v DZm-l-c-W-k-lnXw At±lw
Fn°v ]d-™p-X-∂n-´p-≠v. DZm: "XthZw hnizw A`nXx ]ihyw' F∂p-
Xp-S-ßp∂ a{¥w BWv hrμm-hk¶¬]-Øns‚ _oPw F∂v bp‡n-
`-{Z-ambn At±lw ka¿∞n-°p-∂Xv Rm≥ tI´n-´p-≠v. CXv Hcp DZm-l-
cWw am{Xw. CXp-t]mse A-h[n thZ-a-{¥-ßsf hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-Ø-
XmWv `mK-h-X-Ønse ]e k¶¬]-ß-fpw.
Hcp DZm-l-cWw IqSn D≤-cn°mw:
hma-m-h-Xmck¶¬]w hnI-kn-∏n-®Xpw Hcp thZ-a-{¥-Øn¬ n∂m-
Wv. CXmWm a{¥w.
""CZw hnjvWp¿ hnN-{Ita
t{X[m n Zt[ ]Zw
kaq-fvl-a-ky-]mw-kptc
{XnWo ]Zm hnN-{Ita''
(k¿Δ-hym-]--io-e-mb hnjvWp Cu temIw apgp-h≥ khn-ti-j-
ambn B{I-aWw sNbvXv aq∂v Xc-Øn¬ Xs‚ ]mZw o´n-sh®v Dd-∏n-
®p. hnjvWp-hns‚ s]mSn-]p-c≠ ]mZ-Øn¬ AJn-e-{]-]-©hpw A¥¿`-
hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.)
DZm-l-c-W-߃ CXp-t]mse A-h-[n-bp-≠v.
AXn-{]m-No-hpw AtX-k-abw D≈S°w sIm≠v AXn-qX-hpw
km¿h-P-o--hp-amb Hcp hm°v Dt≠m, Ds≠-¶n¬ AtXXv? F∂p tNmZn-
®m¬ n w-ibw adp-]Sn ]d-bmw. Aßn-smcp hm°p-≠v, AXns‚
t]cmWv thZw.
{]mNo--`m-c-X-Øn¬ am{X-a√ Ay-`m-j-I-fn-tebv°pw CXv IpSn-tb-
dn-bn-´p-≠v. C{Xbpw {]Nm-c-ap≈ Hcp hm°v Cs√∂v amIvkvap-≈-sd-t∏m-
ep≈ ]m›m-Xy-a-o-jn-Iƒ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. "Ata-cn-°≥ thZ'
Fs∂mcp ]pkvXIw Rm≥ ASp-Ø-Im-eØv hmbn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.
AXn¬ {KŸ-Im-c≥ ]d-™n-´p-≠v, thZw F∂ hm°v Ata-cn-°≥ Cw•o-
jn¬ Ah-cpsS `mj t]mse Xs∂ Ah¿ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p-≠v. AXp-
t]mse Xs∂ C¥y≥ XXz-im-kv{X-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ AtIw hm°p-
Iƒ Ata-cn-°≥ Cw•o-jn-tebv°v IS-∂p-Iq-Sn-bn-´p-≠v. {_“w, Bflm-
hv, ⁄mw, n¿hm-Ww, I¿aw, t_m[w XpS-ßnb DZm-l-c-W-߃.
thZw F∂p-]-d-™m¬ ⁄mw, t_m[w Fs∂ms° A¿∞w ""hnZv
⁄mt'', ""hnZvk-Ømbmw'', ""hnZv hnNm-ctW'' XpS-ßnb [mXp-°ƒ
thZ-Øns‚ A¿∞w hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p. ""thZ-bXn thZx'' F∂pw ]dbmw.

10. 10 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
thZsØ Hcp henb hr£-ambn k-¶¬∏n-®p≈ hnh-c-W-߃ ]e
]pcm-W-ß-fnepw ImWmw. ""nKa I¬]-Xcp'' (thZ-I¬]-hr£w) F∂p
`mK-h-Xw. "The Veda Tree' F∂v amIvkvap-≈¿ ]d™n´p≠v. thZ-hr-£-
Øns‚ ^e-amWv `mK-hXw F∂v `mK-h-X-I¿Øm-hv. ]pjv]-an-√msX
^ew D≠m-hp-I-bn-√-t√m. ]pjv]-taXv F∂ tUmbvk≥ am{Xta ]d-
™n-´p-≈p. At±-l-Øns‚ hm°p-Iƒ tIƒ°p-I. ""C¥y-bpsS ⁄m-
hr-£-Øn¬ hncn™ G‰hpw atm-l-c-amb ]pjv]w D]-n-j-Øm-Wv.''
]mcns‚ ASn-Ø´v I≠-dn-™-h-cm-bn-cp∂p `mc-X-Ønse ]q¿Δn-I-cmb
ΩpsS al¿jo-iz-c-∑m¿. nc-¥-c-amb {ih-W-˛-a---˛-n-[n-[ym-k--Øn¬
IqSn Ah¿ kXyw km£m-Xv°-cn-®p. km£m-XvI-cn-°pI F∂p ]d-
™m¬; Ap-`-h-thZyw Bhp-I. tcn´v t_m[yw BhpI; Fs∂ms°
A¿∞w ]d-bmw. al¿jn-am¿ Ah-cpsS [ym-Øn¬ I≠-h-bmWv a{¥-
߃. Ah¿ krjvSm-°-tfm, I¿Øm-°tfm A√. ImWmpw tIƒ-
°mpw sΩ Ah¿ Blzmw sNøp-∂p. ""irWz¥p'' ""]tiya'' XpS-
ßnb ]Z-߃ ]te CS-ß-fnepw ImWmw. ChnsS tIƒ°p-I, ImWpI
XpSßnb ]Z-߃ km£m-Xv°-cn-°pI F∂ A¿∞-Øn-emWv {]tbm-
Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
kXyw km£m-XvI-cn® al¿jn-am¿ ip≤-⁄m--Øns‚ Z¥-tKm-
]p-c-Øn-en-cn-°msX Xmtgm´v Cd-ßn-h∂v Pohn-XsØ ka-{K-ambn
ho£n®p.
""X∂m¬ Itc-t‰-≠-h¿ F{X t]tcm XmgØv ]mgv°p-≠n¬
Aa¿∂ncns°
Xmsm-‰-bmbv {_“-]Zw sImXn°pw Xmt]m-n-[n-s°-s¥mcp
Nmcn-Xm¿∞y-w''
F∂v Ah¿ Nn¥n-®p. kwkm-c--Zn-bn¬ s]´v apßn Xmgm≥ t]mIp∂
ap-jy-cm-in-tbmSv Ah¿ hnfn®p ]d-™p, Fßs Pohn-°-Ww,
F¥mWv Pohn-X-e-£yw, e£y-{]m]vXn Fßs tSmw F∂v XpS-ßnb
tNmZy-ßfpw DØ-c-ß-fpw.
`mc-X-Ønepw Ay-m-´p-Im-cnepw D≈ Iptd Bfp-I-sf-¶nepw ]d-bp-
∂Xv tI´n-´p≠v; H∂pw sNømsX an≠m-Xn-cn-°m-mWv thZm¥w Bh-
iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xv F∂v. C{Xbpw henb h¶-Øhpw hnUvVn-Øhpw A⁄-
X-bn¬ nt∂ s]m¥n hcq. ΩpsS XXz-imkv{Xw Ω-tfmSv Bh-iy-
s∏-Sp-∂Xv √-hÆw I¿Ωw sNøqF∂mWv. ""tbmKx I¿Ωkp Iuiew''
]s£ I¿Ω-^-e-tØmSv H´n-]n-Sn-°-cpXv F∂v am{Xw. Pohn-X-bm{X kpK-
a-am-°m≥ Ah¿ mev B{i-a-߃ n¿t±-in-®p. Ah bYm-{Iaw {_“-
N-cyw, Km¿l-ÿyw, hm-{]-ÿw, kwymkw F∂n-h-bm-Wv. CXn¬
Hmtcm B{i-a-Ønepw AXns‚ Nn´ Ap-k-cn®n´v `wKn-bmbn Pohn-°Ww

11. sshZn-I-Z¿iw 11
F∂mWv imkv{Xw ]d-bp-∂-Xv. F∂p-X-s∂-b√ Krl-ÿ≥ kºm-Zn-
°Ww F∂p-IqSn ]d-bp-∂p≠v [m¿ΩnIcoXn-bn¬ F∂v n¿_‘w.
Cu B{i-a-ß-sfms° Pohn-X-Øns‚ Hmtcmtcm Ip∏m-b-ß-fm-Wv.
Bhiyw Ign-™m¬ Ah hen-®qcn Fdn-b-Ww. cmPmhv aWn-am-fn-I-bn-
en-cp∂v cmPyw `cn-°p-tºmƒ At±-l-Ønv √ t_m[w thWw Cu
cmPy-`-cWw Ign-™m¬ Rm≥ t]mtI-≠Xv Im´n-te-bv°mWv F∂v. ^e-
sØ-]‰n Nn¥n-°msX njvIma I¿Ωw Ap-jvTn-°p∂ I¿Ω-tbm-Kn-
Iƒt° CXv km[y-am-Iq. cLp-hw-i-cm-Pm-°-∑m-sc-∏‰n alm-Ihn Imfn-
Zm-k≥ Fgp-Xnb Cu t«mIw {i≤n°q;
""`h-tjp kp[m-kn-tXjp ]q¿Δw
£nXn-c-£m¿∞-ap-i-¥ntb nhmkw
nc-ssXI]Xn-{h-Xm-n-]-›mXv
Xcp aqemn Krlo `h¥n tXjmw''
{io. IrjvW≥ºq-Xn-cn-bpsS sshZn-I-Z¿iw F∂ {KŸsØ,
AXns‚ D≈-S°sØ Bkv]-Z-am°n aq∂v hn`m-K-ß-fmbn Xncn-°mw.
1) sshZn-I-Z¿iw: thZ A-`n-⁄-∑m¿°v thZsØ ]‰n ]Tn-°m≥
]‰nb Xc-Øn-emWv CXns‚ cN-. thZw; AXns‚ D≈-S-°w; AsX-
¥nv th≠n ne-sIm-≈p-∂p; AXns‚ e£yw F¥v? {]Xn-]mZyw
F¥v? F∂v XpS-ßnb hnhn[ hnj-b-ß-sf-]‰n hfsc hni-Z-ambn
N¿®-sN-øp-∂p≠v Cu teJ--k-am-lm-cw. XnI®pw auenI-amb Hcp
kao-]w ChnsS ImWmw. DZm-l-c-W-Ønv "A·n F∂ C—m-i‡n'
F∂ teJw H∂p ]cn-tim-[n-°mw. A·n F∂ ]Zw Hcp {]Xo-I-
am-Wv. thZ-Øn¬ ]e CSØpw {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp∂ hfsc {]m[m-y-
ap≈ Hcp k¶ev]w CXns‚ ]n∂n-ep-≠v. A·n-kvXpXn tm°q.
""A·n-aotf ]ptcm-lnXw
b⁄-kytZ-h-ar-XznPw
tlmXmcw cXv-[m-Xaw''
A·n C—m-i-‡n-bpsS {]Xo-I-am-Wv. F¥mWv A·nbpw C—m-i-
‡nbpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘w? A·n Ft∏mgpw Du¿≤z-ap-J-am-Wv. At[m-
ap-J-a-√. AXp-t]mse ΩpsS C—m-i-‡nsb Ft∏mgpw Du¿≤z-ap-J-am-
°m≥ ]Tn-°-Ww. C—m-i‡n At[m-ap-J-am-bm¬ hnj-b-_-‘w, Du¿≤z-
ap-J-am-bm¬ ]c-a-]-Z-Øn-te-bv°p≈ cmP-]m-X. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ C—-bmWv
C√mØ {]]-©sØ krjvSn-°p-∂-Xv. {]ivtm-]-n-j-Øn¬ kptI-i≥
F∂ Pn⁄mkp ]n∏n-em-Z≥ F∂ BNm-cy-tmSv tNmZn-°p∂ Hcp
tNmZyw˛Cu {]]©w Fßs D≠mbn F∂mWv. t`m‡mhv t`mPysØ
krjvSn-°p-∂p. Fßs? C—-bn¬ IqSn. C— h¿≤n-°p-tºmƒ t`mPy-
ß-fpw h¿≤n-°pw. C— C√m-Xm-bm¬ t`mPy-ßfpw C√m-sX-bm-hpw. t`mPy-

12. 12 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
ß-fn-s√-¶n¬ ]ns∂ t`m‡m-hp-an-√. t`m‡mhpw t`mPyhpw A⁄m--
Øns‚ c≠v LS-I-ß-fmWv F∂¿∞w.
"thZw˛Hcp ]cn-t{]£yw' F∂ {]uV-te-J-w, thZ-ß-sf-]-‰n, {]tXy-
In®v EKvthZ-sØ-]‰n khn-kvXcw {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂p. thZ-ß-fn¬ EKv
thZ-amWv {][m-w F∂v km[m-cW ]d-bm-dp-≠v. Cu {]kvXmh tIƒ-
°p-tºmƒ ap°v kwibw tXm∂mw. Cu teJw hmbn-®-t∏m-gmWv
kwibw C√m-Xm-b-Xv. `K-hm≥ `K-h-XvKo-X-bn¬ hn`qXn tbmK-Øn¬
"thZmmw kma-h-tZmfkvan' F∂v ]d-™n-´p-≠v. B nebv°v thZ-ß-
fn¬ AXn-{]-[mw kma-thZw BIt≠? Cu kwi-b-Ønv hy‡-amb
Hcp hni-Zo-I-cWw {io.IrjvW≥ºq-Xncn ¬Ip-∂p-≠v. thZ-ß-fn¬
EKvthZ-amWv {][mw F∂v ]d-bp-tºmƒ a‰p-th-Z-߃ CXnv Xmsg-
bmWv F∂¿∞-an-√. ""tZh-∑m-cn¬ A·nsb BWt√m H∂m-a-Xmbn IW-
°m-°p-∂-Xv. B A·n-bp-tS-XmWv EtKz-Zw. AXp-sIm≠v A·nbv-s°-
∂-t]mse EtKz-Z-Ønpw H∂mw ÿmhpw {]m[m-yhpw In´n.'' XnI®pw
bp‡n-`-{Z-amb hymJymw. XpS¿∂v thZ-sØ-]‰n; AXn-ep-]-tbm-Kn-®p-
sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Oμ- p-I-sf-∏‰n; AXns‚ Xs∂ imI-ew, _mjvIfw
F∂v c≠v imJ-Iƒ; Ah-bpsS BNm-cy-∑m-cmb Bizem-b-≥, Iujo-
XnIn F∂n-h-sc-∏-‰n-sbms° kmam-y-amb Adnhv Cu teJw ¬Ip-
∂p≠v.
2) hnhm-l-kq‡w: Pohn-X-Øn¬ G‰hpw Ahm-Ny-amb kpJw GsX∂v
tNmZn-®m¬ `uXn-I-hm-Zn-Iƒ Htc-kz-c-Øn¬ adp-]Sn ]dbpw ""irwKm-
c-kpJw'' F∂v. ΩpsS al¿jn-am¿ Pohn-X-Øns‚ ka-{K-ho-£Ww
D≈-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p. [m¿Ωn-I-amb am¿§-Øn¬ IqSn Cu kpJw Bkz-
Zn-°m-p≈ Xe-amWv hnhm-l-Po-hn-Xw.
""buht hnj-tb-jnWmw'' F∂v Imfn-Zm-k≥. h[q-h-c-∑m¿ am-kn-
I-ambn ]IzXh∂-h-cm-bn-cn-°-Ww. hnhm-l-{]m-b-amb Hcp IyI {]Xo-
£n-°p-∂-Xv, Xmm-{K-ln-°p-∂-sX√mw Xn°v e`y-am-ItW F∂m-Wv.
th≠-tX-Xv, th≠m-Ø-tXXv F∂ Xncn-®-dnhv A]-Iz-a-Xn-bmb Cu
Ip´n°v D≠m-hn-√. AXp-sIm-≠mWv AY¿h-th-Z-Ønse Cu a{¥-Øn¬
Cßs ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
""ssh-Ip-amcn XXvXYm
bYm-Ip-am-cn(-Xzw)-a-ytk bYm
XXv XYmssh''
(tl Ipamcn ns‚ taml-ß-sf√mw icn-bm-I-W-sa-∂n-√. ns‚ B{K-
l-ß-fmWv ns∂ bn-°p-∂-Xv. F¥n-tmSpw s]s´∂p tXm∂p∂ B`n-
apJyw XmXvIm-en-I-am-Wv. AXn¬ {`an®v FSpØv NmS-cp-Xv).
F{X A¿∞-K¿`-amb D]-tZiw

13. sshZn-I-Z¿iw 13
aq∂v kz`m-h-°m-cn-Ifmbn h[p-°-sf-∏‰n thZw ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p-≠v.
B aq∂-h-ÿ-I-fpsS t]cmWv Bi-k-w, hni-k-w, hnI¿Øw F∂n-
h. `¿Ør-Kr-l-Ønse BZyIm-e PohnXw Hcp ]dn®v S-em-Wv. ]pXnb
aÆn¬ ´ sNSn°v thtcm-S-Ww. ]pXnb Ce-Iƒ Infn¿Øp-h-c-Ww.
AXv S-∂n-s√-¶n¬ sNSn DW-ßn-t∏m-Ipw. `¿Xr-Kr-l-Ønse A¥-co-
£-hp-ambn s]mcp-Ø-s∏´v √ £am-io-e-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bp≈ Ah-ÿ-
bmWv Bi-k-w. alm-Ihn Imfn-Zm-k≥ Cu thZ-a-{¥-kmcw DƒsIm-
≠m-hWw Imhy-m-S-Im-Zn-Iƒ cNn-®-Xv. A`n-⁄m--im-Ip-¥-f-Øn¬ IWz-
a-l¿jn, `¿Xr-Kr-l-Øn-tebv°v t]mIp∂ iIp-¥-fbv°v sImSp-°p∂
al-Ømb Hcp-]-tZiw Cu thZ-kmcw DƒsIm-≠m-sW∂v tXm∂p-∂p.
""ip{iqj kzKp-cq≥.....'' F∂p XpS-ßp∂ t«mIw DZm-l-c-W-ambn D≤-
cn-bv°mw. al¿jn ]d™ KpW-߃ C√mØ kv{XoI-tfm, hmam-Ip-
ekym-[-b. c≠m-asØ Ah-ÿbv°v hni-kw F∂v ]d-bpw. Xs‚
CjvSm-n-jvS-߃°v XS w hc-cpXv F∂p am{Xw. CXns‚ ]pd-In¬
kzm¿∞hpw Al-¥-bp-am-Wv. F¶nepw AXv IpSpw-_-ßsf XI¿°p-
∂n-√. hnI¿Øw F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ aq∂m-asØ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ s]Sp∂
kv{XoIƒ ]nXr-Kr-lhpw `¿Xr-Kr-lhpw Hcp-t]mse inYn-e-am-°pw. A{X
{Iqc-cmWv Ah¿. kzm¿∞hpw Al-¶m-chpw am{Xta Ah¿°p-≈q.
hnhmlw AXn-]-hn-{X-am-Wv. hnhm-l-Øns‚ bYm¿∞-{]-tbm-Pw
F¥mWv?
""{]Pmssb Krl-ta-[nmw'' F∂v Imfn-Zm-k≥. hwi-h¿≤--bmWv
{]tbm-Pw
""Kr`vWman tX ku`-K-Xzm-b-lkvXw
abm-]Xym Pc-ZjvSncyYmkx''
F∂p XpS-ßnb a{¥-߃ sNm√n-s°m-≠mWv ]mWn-{K-l-Ww. Krl-
ÿ-Po-hn-X-Øn-mbn tZh-∑m¿ ns∂ Fn°v ¬In-b-Xm-Wv. ]Xn-bmb
Ft∂mSv IqSn PohnXw apgp-h≥ kt¥m-j-tØmsS Ign-bmw.
]pcp-j-ta-[m-hn-Xz-Øn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-amWv lnμp-k-aqlw Fs∂mcp
hna¿iw tIƒ°m-dp-≠v. AXnv {io. ºqXncn ¬Ip∂ adp-]Sn
bp‡n-bp-‡hpw Btem-N-m-ar-X-hp-am-Wv. At±lw ]d-bp-∂p. ""Cu
]mWo-{K-l-W-I¿aØn¬ Xs∂ `mc-Xob sshhm-ln-I-I¿a-Øns‚ al-
o-bX Dƒs°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. Xpey-∑m¿ XΩn-ep≈ A`n-hm-Z--co-Xn-
bmWv ssI sImSp-°¬. ChnsS h[p hcs‚ ssI]n-Sn-°-b√ h[p-hns‚
ssI ]nSn-®p-sIm≠v h[p-hnv amyX sImSp-°p-I-bmWv hc≥ sNøp-∂-
Xv''.
3) "b⁄-߃ F¥v, F¥nv' b⁄-ß-sf-∏‰n ka-{Khpw hn⁄m--
{]-Z-hp-amb Hcp teJ--am-Wn-Xv. b⁄-߃ lnwkm-{]-[m--ß-fm-sW-

14. 14 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
∂v Hcp sX‰n-≤m-c-Wbv°v Cu teJw i‡-ambn adp-]Sn ]d-bp-
∂p. km[m-c-W-°m¿ am{X-a√ alm-∑m¿ t]mepw lnwkbpsS t]cn¬
bmKsØ As√-¶n¬ b⁄sØ tLmc-ambn FXn¿Øn-´p-≠v. DZm-
l-cWw temIm-cm-[y-mb {io_p-≤≥ Xs∂. b⁄-߃ ]e-Xp-
s≠∂v KoX-bn¬ ]d-™n-´p-≠v. {Zhy-b-⁄w, ⁄m-b-⁄w, tbmK-
b⁄w F∂p XpS-ßn-b-h. F√m b⁄-ß-fp-tSbpw e£yw XymKw
Xs∂. ""hnØw ANypX n¿anXw'' F∂v `mK-hXw ]d-bp-∂p. k¿th-
iz-c-t‚-XmWv Cu ImWp∂ kakvX {]]-©hpw AXnse ÿmh-c-
Pw-K-a-h-kvXp-°-fpw. Ah-sb√mw Ahn-S-tØbv°v ka¿∏n-°p-I-bmWv
th≠-Xv. AXp-sIm-≠m-Wv.
"CZw aa'
"CZw aa'
F∂ ]√hn thZ-ß-fn¬ apgßn tIƒ°p-∂-Xv.
"A·tb CZw aa'
"C{μmb CZw aa'
A·n-bn¬ tlman-°p-tºmƒ Cu a{¥w Bh¿Øn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-
I. {Zhy-b⁄w S-Øm≥ ]‰n-bn-s√-¶n¬ am-knI b⁄-am-bmepw
aXn F∂v alm-`m-c-X-Ønse Hcp IY hy‡-am-°p-∂p. ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿
{XnX-es Bg-ap≈ Hcp s]m´-°n-Æ-‰n¬ X≈n-bn´v S-∂p-t]m-bn. InW-
‰n¬ InS-∂p-sIm≠v {XnX-e≥ Nn¥n-®p. ap-jy-mbn Pn-®m¬ Hcp
tkma-bm-K-sa-¶nepw sNømsX KXn In´n-√. InW-‰ntebv°v Xqßn-°nS∂
h≈nsb tkma-e-X-bmbn k¶¬]n-®p-sIm≠v Hcp am-kn-I-b⁄w
At±lw S-Øn. {]oX-mb C{μ≥ At∏mƒ Xs∂ ag s]øn-®p. InW¿
nd-™-t∏mƒ {XnX-e≥ Ic-tI-dp-Ibpw sNbvXp. {i≤bpw GIm-{K-Xbpw
BWv {][mw F∂s√ Cu IY ImWn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
Hc¿∞-Øn¬ Ω-sf-t∏mgpw bmKw sNøp∂p-≠v. Pohm-flm-hmWv bP-
am-≥. ]Øn-{μn-b-ßfpw a pw _p≤nbpw ]©-{]m-W-ßfpw bP-am-
s klm-bn-°p∂ EXzn-°p-Iƒ. Ωƒ Cu bmKw sNøp-∂Xv hnj-b-
{]m-]vXn-°m-Wv. Cuiz-c-{]m-]vXn-°-√. CXv Xs∂ Cuiz-tcm-∑p-J-am-°m≥
Ign-™m¬ k^-eao PohnXw F∂ tXm∂¬ D≠m-Ipw.
Hcp ImeØv b⁄-Ønse lnwk-s°-Xn-cmbn Hcp {]Xn-tj[s°mSp-
¶m‰v `mc-X-Øn¬ B™-Sn-®n-cp-∂p. Hcp ]t£ A∂v lnwk D≠m-bn-cp-
∂n-cn-°mw. b⁄-Øns‚ XmXzn-I-Xew ad∂v As√-¶n¬ Adn-bmsX
I¿aT≥am-cmbn amdnb bm⁄n-I-∑m¿ lnwksb t{]m’m-ln-∏n-®n-cn-
°mw. {]mNo_¿lnkv F∂ Xn I¿a-Ts‚ IY `mK-h-X-Øn¬ {]kn-
≤-am-W-t√m.

15. sshZn-I-Z¿iw 15
F¥mWv b⁄-Øns‚ XmXzn-I-amb Xew, AXn¬ lnwkbv°p
ÿm-apt≠m? Aiz-ta[w F∂ bmKw Xs∂ ap°v XmXzn-I-ambn N¿®-
sN-ømw. Aiz-ta[w S-Øp∂ cmPmhv bmKm-iz-sØ-A-gn®v hnSp-I-bm-
Wv. Cu bmKmizw F√m cmPy-ß-fnepw k©-cn®v aS-ßn-sb-Ø-Ww. GsX-
¶nepw cmPmhv Cu IpXn-csb ]nSn®v sI´p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ B cmPm-hns
tXm¬]n®p IpXn-csb hos≠-Sp-°-Ww. Cu IY-bn¬ hmNym¿∞-Ønp
{]m[myw C√. e£ym¿∞w FSp-°-Ww. ]ns∂ F¥no IYm-tKmfw?
BNmcy kzman-I-fpsS Aar-X-hmWn tIƒ°pI.
""kpJm-h-t_m-[m¿∞w BJym-bnIm'' (Ffp∏w A¿∞w a- n-em-
°m-mWv BJym-bnIm cq]w) Aiz-ta-[-Øns‚ A¿∞w F¥mWv?
a- mWv Aizw. AXns kzX-{¥-ambn hnSp-I. n w-K-mbn
AsX√m hnj-b-ß-fn¬°qSn IS-∂p-t]m-h-s´. GsX-¶nepw Hcp tamlw
AXns Iog-S-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ B tamlsØ Pbn-°-Ww. CXmWv
AXns‚ XmXzn-I-amb A¿∞w. ChnsS lnwk-bn-√. Cu n w-K-Xz-
amWv Pohn-X-bm-{X-bn¬ Ωƒ kºm-Zn-t°≠ Aaq-ey-[-w. Cu
A¿∞-Øn¬ thWw Cu IYsb hymJym-n-bv°m≥. APta-[-Øns‚
XXzhpw CXp-t]mse Xs∂. BSn-s-t]mse F√m Cebpw ISn®p S-
°p∂F√m cpNn-I-fp-tSbpw ]pdsI t]mIp∂ kz`m-h-amWv a- n-p-≈-
Xv. B {]h-W-X-bmWv C√m-Xm-t°-≠-Xv.
"sshZn-I-Z¿iw' F∂ Cu kam-lm-c-Ønse hnhn[ teJ--ßfn¬
IqSn IS-∂p-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ Adn-hns‚ qX N{I-hm-f-߃ {]Xy-£-
s∏-Sp-∂p. sshZn-I-kw-kvIr-Xhpw euInI kwkvIr-Xhpw ∂mbn ]Tn®
Cu khy-km-Nnbv°p am{Xta C{X `wKn-bmbn Cu hnjbw ssIImcyw
sNøm≥ Ign-bq. Cu thZ-]-Y-Øn¬°qSn aptº-Xs∂ k©-cn® Hcp
alm-flm-hm-bn-cp∂p {io. hn.-sI. mcm-b-W-`-´-Xn-cn. ºq-Xn-cnbpw `´-Xn-
cnbpw D¬]-Xn-jvWp-°-fm-bn-cp-∂p. apc-Sn® bmYm-ÿn-XnI-Xz-Øns‚
kzm[o--Øn¬ n∂pw XnI®pw kzX-{¥-cmbn XnI®pw efn-Xhpw AXy-
¥-lr-Zy-hp-amb coXn-bn¬ thZsØ hymJym-n® c≠v auenI {]Xn-`-
I-fm-bn-cp∂p Ah¿. bmYm-ÿn-XnI-Xz-Øns‚ XS-b-W-bn¬ IpSp-ßn-°n-
S-°p∂ thZ-Kw-Ksb k¿h-X{¥kzX-{¥-bm°n n¿_m[w Hgp°n-X∂
{io IrjvW≥ºq-Xncn-tbm-Sp≈ μn AKm-[-am-Wv. Ahm-Ny-amb Ap-
`q-Xn-bmWv Cu thZ-Kw-Km-kvmw ¬Ip-∂-Xv.
kzman hnth-Im--μs‚ Hcp hm-NIw D≤-cn-®p-sIm≠v ap°o teJw
D]-kw-l-cn-°mw. kzman-bpsS hoc-hmWn {i≤n-°p-I.
""Bring down the Vedas from the ivory tower and scatter it among the
masses.''
hnth-Im--μs‚ Bcm-[-I-mb {io IrjvW≥ºq-Xn-cnbpw AXv

16. 16 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
Xs∂-bmWv sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. thZ-sØ-]-‰n-bp≈ ΩpsS Adnhv
AXy¬]w, Adn-bm-p≈Xv A¬]w, Adnhv ]I¿∂p Xcm≥ Ign-hp-
≈-h¿ AwKp-eo-]-cn-an-X¿. Ah-cn¬ {]YaKW-o-b-m-bn-cp∂p {io
IrjvW≥-ºq-Xn-cn. At±-l-Øns‚ kvac-W-bv°p-ap-ºn¬ BZ-cm-RvP-
en-Iƒ A¿∏n-®p-sIm≠v Cu teJw D]-kw-l-cn-®p-sIm-≈p-∂p.
"Xa-tkmam tPymXn¿K-ab'
s{]m^. F.-hn. hmkp-tZ-h≥t]m‰n
01.06.2017 ""Cμp'', shÃv ln¬ tImgn-t°mSv

17. BapJw
thZw lnam-e-b-am-sW¶n¬ AXn¬n∂pw D¤-hn-s®mgpIp∂ ]hn-
{X-Kw-K-bmWv `mc-Xob kwkvIm-cw. AXns‚ Xnc-Ø-≈-en¬n∂pw D¤-
hn-®-h-bmWv CXn-lm-k-]pcmW߃. `mc-X-Øns‚ hnhn-[- `q-hn-`m-K-ß-
fnse hyXy-kvX-ßfm-b- kw-kvIm-c-ßfpw PohnX coXn-Ifpw Cu ]hn-
{X-Kw-K-bpsS t]mj-I--Zn-I-fmbn IW-°m-°mw. Aßns tm°n-bm¬
-ΩpsS PohnX k{º-Zm-b-ß-fnepw PohnXNcy-I-fnepw thZ-Ønv n¿Æm-
b-I-amb kzm[ow Ds≠∂p ImWm≥ Ign-bpw.
E°v,- b-Pp- v,- km-aw,- A-Y-¿Δw F∂n-ßs thZ-sa∂ lnam-ebØnv
mep sImSp-ap-Sn-I-fp-≠v. A-Xnse E°v F∂ G‰hpw {][m--s∏´ sImSp-
ap-Sn-bn-te°p Ib-dm≥ BZysØ Ipd-®-Sn-Iƒ shbv°p-I-am-{X-amWv Rß-
fpsS tPyjvT-mb {io IrjvW≥ ºq-Xncn sNbvXn-´p-≈-Xv. B {lkz-
amb Btcm-l-W-Øn¬n∂pw In´nb Aaq√y cXv-ß-fmWv At±lw
ChnsS ap-°mbn ¬In-bn-´p-≈-Xv. AXns‚ hne a- n-em°n Ah
kzoI-cn-®m¬ ΩpsS Pohn-X-bm-{X°v AXv IqSp-X¬ IcpØpw Bfl-
hn-izm-khpw ¬Ipsa∂Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√.
Xr»q¿ cam-tZ-hn-a-μnc-sa∂ B{i-a-k-am--amb Aº-e-Øn¬ Zo¿L-
Imew ]qPm-cn-bm-bn-cp∂ {io. IrjvW≥ ºq-Xncn Ahn-SsØ km[m-
Pohn-X-Im-eØv Xs‚ Kpcp-hns‚ Ir]m-I-Sm-£w-sIm≠p tSn-b- B-¥-
cn-I-⁄m--Øm¬ thZsØ Ah-tem-Iw sNbvX-t∏mƒ ssIh∂ Ap-
`q-Xn-hn-ti-jsØ hm°p-I-fn¬ ]I¿Øm≥ {ian-®-XmWv Cu IrXn.
CXnp apºv At±lw Fgp-Xnb thZm¿∞-hn-Nn-¥-w(-km-lnXy A°m-
Zan Ahm¿Uv e`n® IrXn), th-Zm-¥-cw-Kw,-A-·n-aotf ]ptcm-lnXw F∂o
IrXnIƒ Bflm-tz-jn-I-fpw, thZ]fin-X-∑mcpw hfsc Bth-i-tØm-
sS-bmWv kzoI-cn-®-Xv. 2004 ¬ ncym-Xmb At±-l-Øns‚ A{]-Im-in-
X-ß-fmb teJ--ßfpw Ipdn-∏p-I-fp-amWv Cu {KŸ-Øn¬ tN¿Øn-cn-
°p-∂-Xv. Cu IrXn°pw ap≥Ir-Xn-Iƒ°p In´n-b-Xp-t]m-ep≈ t{]m’m-
lw In´p-sa-∂p Xs∂-bmWv Rß-fpsS {]Xo-£. Cu kZv{KŸw klr-
Z-b-k-a£w hn-b-]q¿Δw ka¿∏n-°p-∂p.
sI.-F≥. oe-IWvT≥ ºq-Xncn

18. sI.-F≥. IrjvW≥-ºq-Xncn
1941 HIvtSm-_¿ 19 Zo]m-hen Znhkw Xr»q¿ Pn√-bn¬ t]cm-aw-K-
eØv Iogvap-≠-bq¿ a-bn¬ P-w. thZ⁄pw kp{]-kn≤ X{¥n-bp-
amb Iogvap-≠-bq¿ ºym-Ø≥ ºq-Xncn A—≥. Aº-g-∏n≈n oe-I-
WvT≥ `´-Xn-cn-∏m-Sns‚ aIƒ tßen F∂ eoem A¥¿÷w AΩ.
]nXm-hn¬ n∂v kwkvIr-X-]-Tw S-Øn. EtKzZw ]Tn-®p. {ioa-¤m-K-h-
Xw, `Kh-ZvKoX F∂nh A—≥ Xs∂ D]-tZ-in-®p. 24˛mw hb- n¬ Znhy-
amXm {ioc-am-tZ-hn-b-Ωsb Z¿in-°mpw AΩ-bn¬ n∂v imw`hn Zo£-
tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb Btflm-]tZw kn≤n-°mpw `mKy-ap-≠m-bn. Znhy-am-Xm-hns‚
Xrss°-I-fm¬ {]Xn-jvTn-°-s∏´ ]q¶p∂w {ioc-am-tZ-hn-a-μn-c-Ønse Znhy-
hn-{K-l-Øn¬ ]qP-sN-øm-mbn AΩ-bpsS n¿t±-i-{]-Imcw 1969 sabv
14v nb-an-°-s∏-´p. 1975¬ ]m™m-fn¬ sh®p--S∂ AXn-cm-{X-Øn¬
G¿°-c-bpsS {]tXy-I-n¿t±-i-{]-Imcw ]s¶-Sp-°mpw AXns‚ ]e
XmXzn-I-h-i-ßfpw G¿°-c-bn¬ n∂v {Kln-°mpw Ign-™p. 1978 hw-
_-dn¬ Znhy-amXm {ioc-am-tZ-hn-bpsS alm-k-am-[n-°p-tijw AΩ-bpsS
kq£vam-p-im-k--Øn-eqsS {iohn-Zym-a-{¥-Zo£ e`n-®p. IrXn-Iƒ:˛
1. thZm-¥-cw-Kw, 2. thZm¿∞-hn-Nn-¥-w(1994se thZ-km-ln-Xy-Øn-p≈
tIc-f-km-ln-XyA°m-Zan Ahm¿Uv tSn). c≠p-Ir-Xn-Ifpw thZ-a-{¥-
ßsf AXn-I-cn-®p≈ teJ--߃. 2004¬ ncym-X-m-bn.

19. A·n F∂ C—m-i‡n
thZw F∂-Xn∂v Adnhv F∂mWv A¿∞w. "thZ-bXn CXn
thZw' C{μn-b-hn-j-b-amb hkvXp-°sf {]tXyIw ]d-™-dn-bn-t°-
≠-Xn-√. AXnv Hcp imkv{X-{]-amWw Bh-iy-an-√. At∏mƒ C{μn-
bm-Xo-X-amb atm-_p-≤n-Iƒ°v AtKm-N-c-amb GsX-¶nepw Hcp
hnj-bsØ {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂-Xm-hWw thZw. AXp-sIm-≠mWv "CjvS-
{]m-]vXy-n-jvS-]-cn-lm-ctbmx Aeu-In-I-ap-]m-bw- thZ-bXn k thZx'
F∂ n¿Δ-Nw D≠m-b-Xv. thZw H∂m-sW-¶nepw AXv {]hr-Øn-
hn-ti-jw-sIm≠v mev Bbn hn`-Pn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°-bm-Wv. b⁄--{]{In-
bsb D]-]m-Zn-°-bmWv thZw. AXn¬ tlmX≥ F∂ EXzn°np]-
tbm-Kn-°m-p≈ a{¥-ß-fmWv EtKz-Zw. A[z-cyp-hn-p-≈-XmWv
bPp¿tΔ-Zw. DZvKm-X-p-≈-XmWv kma-th-Zw. {_“-p-≈-XmWv
AY¿Δ-th-Zw. b⁄-Øn¬ tZh-∑msc kvXpXn-°p-I-bmWv tlmXm-
hns‚ I¿Ø-hyw. tlmaw, {kphm-lp-Xn-Iƒ XpS-ßn-bh sNøp-I-
bmWv A[z-cyp. BK-X-∑m-cmb tZh-∑msc ]mSn-∏p-I-gvØp-I-bmWv
DZvKm-Xm-hns‚ I¿Ø-hyw. Cu aq∂p-t]cpw sNøp∂ I¿Ω-߃°pw
a{¥-߃°pw Fs¥-¶nepw tem]w h∂m¬ AXns ]cn-l-cn®v
th≠-Xmb {]mb-›n-Ø-I¿Ω-߃ n¿t±-in-°p-I-bmWv {_“s‚
I¿Ø-hyw. Cu mep-t]cpw B¿°p-th-≠n-bmtWm b⁄-I¿Ωw
S-Øp-∂Xv B BfmWv bP-am-≥. CXmWv b⁄-kw-hn-[m--
Øns‚ Npcp-°w.
CXn¬ tlmXs‚ D]-tbm-K-Øn-p≈ thZ-amb EtKz-Z-amWv {]Y-
ahpw {][m--hpw. thZw F∂p ]d™m¬ EtKzZw F∂p am{Xta
km[m-cW [cn-°m-dp-≈p. EtKzZw 10 afi-e-ß-fpw 84 Ap-hm-I-
ßfpw AS-ßn-b-Xm-Wv. Hmtcm afi-e-ß-fpw Hmtcm Ejn-Ip-e-Øns‚
t]cn-emWv Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. AXn¬ 9˛m-asØ afiew am{Xw
CXn¬n∂v hyXy-kvX-am-Wv. AXv a{¥-tZ-h-X-bpsS t]cn-emWv
Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. ""]h-amafiew'' F∂mWv AXnv t]cv. EtKzZ-
Ønse G‰hpw {][ms∏´ afi-e-am-bn-´mWv AXns IW-°m-
°p-∂-Xv. a‰v afi-e-ß-fnse Ejn-am-sc√mw Cu afi-e-Øn¬ tkma-
tZ-hs kvXpXn-°p-∂p-≠v. as‰√m afi-e-ß-fnepw BZy-kq‡w
A·n-tZ-h-s-°p-dn-®m-Wv. AXnv ImcWw ""At·x EtKzZx'' F∂

20. 20 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
{]am-W-am-Wv. ""hmtbmx-b-Pp¿tΔZx-, kucx-kmax'' F∂mWv a‰p≈
thZ-ß-fpsS {]am-Ww. AY¿Δ-am-Is´ ""A·n-hm-bp-kq-cym-
fltImfY¿Δx F∂ {]am-W-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-Wv. EtKz-Z-{]-Xn-]m-
Zy-mb A·n- tI-hew `uXn-Im-·n-b√ F∂v thZ-Ønse ]e
{]Xn-]m-Z--ß-fn¬n∂pw hy‡-am-Wv. C—m-i‡n {][m--amb
t_m[-ssN-X-y-am-Wv thZ-Ønse A·n F∂v al¿jn Ac-hn-μ-
tLmjv At±-l-Øns‚ SECRET OF VEDA F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬
]d-™n-´p-≠v. GXv {]hrØn°pw {]Y-ahpw {][m--ambpw th≠Xv
C—m-i-‡n-bm-W-t√m. C—m-i-‡n-bpsS {]Xo-I-ambn A·nsb
Iev]n®Xn¬ as‰mcp kzmckyw IqSnbp≠v. A·n-bpsS Pzme
Ft∏mgpw Du¿≤z-ap-J-am-Wv. Hcn-°epw AXns At[m-ap-J-am-°m≥
Ign-bn-√. AXp-t]mse ap-jy-n-ep≈ C—m-i‡n D¬°¿jm-`n-
ap-J-amhWw F∂mWv Cu {]Xo-Iw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. A·n-bn¬
tlman-°p∂ F√m hkvXp-°fpw AXns‚ sshhn-[y-ß-fp-t]-£n®v
Hmtc cq]-ambn ˛ `kva-ambn˛ Xocp-∂p. AXp-t]mse ]pd-sa-n∂v
X∂n¬ {]th-in-°p-∂ √Xpw NoØ-bp-amb F√m hkvXp-°fpw
Hmtc `mh-Øn¬ X∂n¬ hnebw {]m]n-°-Ww. At∏mtg GI-ap-
J-amb Du¿≤z-{]-bmWw km[y-am-hp. CXpw A·n ¬Ip∂ Hcp
ktμ-i-am-Wv. "A·nsb kvXpXn-°p∂p' F∂v ]d-™p-sIm≠mWv
EtKzZw Bcw-`n-°p-∂-Xv. "A·n-aotf' F∂ BZy-a-{¥-Øn¬ A·n
]ZØnptijw a‰p hnti-j-W-]-Z-ß-sfm∂pw tN¿°msX {Inbm-
]-ZsØ h®-Xn¬n∂v A·n-bpsS n¿Δn-ti-j-amb Ah-ÿ-bmWv
]c-a-{]-[m--amb D]m-ky-hkvXp F∂mWv ImWn-°p-∂Xv. kvXpXn
F∂-Xnv KpW-Io¿Øw F∂m-Wv Xmev]-cyw. A·n-bpsS KpW-
Io¿Ø--ßfmWv ]n∂o-Sp≈ ]Z-ß-sf-√mw. ]ptcm-ln-X-mb, tZh-
mb, EXzn-°m-b, tlmXm-hmb ^e-Zm-Xm-hmb A·nsb kvXpXn-
°p∂p F∂n-ß-s-bp≈ nkzm¿∞-I¿Ω-amb b⁄-Øns‚
Hmtcm AwK-ß-fnepw {]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏Sp∂ ssNX-y-hn-ti-jsØ
A·n-cq-]-Øn¬ I≠v kvXpXn-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. Cu `mh
Aev]w IqSn hn]p-eo-I-cn-®m¬ ΩpsS C—mi‡n Xs∂-bmWv
I¿Ω-n-jv]m-Z--Øn-∂pw- I¿Ωt{]c-Wbv°pw I¿Ω-{]-h¿Ø--Øn-
pw, I¿Ω-^-e-kn-≤n°pw ASn-ÿmw F∂v a- n-em-°mw.
At∏mƒ hy‡n-bpsS D¬Irjv-S-amb Hcp k¿Δ-kzX{¥mhÿ
ΩpsS apºn¬ {]I-S-am-hp-∂p. Cu k¿Δ-kz-X-{¥m-hÿ Cuiz-c-
p-am{Xw Ah-Im-i-s∏-´-XmWv F∂m-Wt√m imkv{X-߃ ]d-bp-
∂-Xv. At∏mƒ C—m-i-‡n-kz-cq-]-mb A·nbpw k¿tΔ-iz-cpw

21. A·n F∂ C—m-i‡n 21
H∂m-sW∂v h∂p-tN-cp-∂p. C—m-i‡n Cuiz-cs‚ {]]-©-n¿Ωm-
W-{]-{In-b-bn¬ Hcp {][m--L-S-I-am-sW∂v thZw Xs∂ ]d-bp-
∂p-≠v. "_lqkymw {]Pm-tbb' F∂ Cuiz-cs‚ C—-bm-Wt{X
Cu {]]-©-n¿Ωm-W-Øn∂v Imc-W-am-bn-´p-≈Xv. Cuiz-c-kr-jvS-
amb {]]-©-Øn∂v Imc-W-amb Hcp Af-h‰ C—m-i-‡n- D-s≠-
¶n¬ AXns‚ Hcp sNdnb cq]-Øn-ep≈ LS-Iw Hmtcm hy‡n-
bnepw hkvXp-°-fn-ep-ap-≠v. At∏mƒ D]m-[n-bpsS hep-∏-s®-dp-∏-a-
√msX D]-ln-X-ssN-X-y-Øns‚ hep-∏-s®-dp∏w ChnsS {]k-‡-
am-hp-∂n-√. thZw BZy-a-{¥-ØneqsS-Øs∂ km[-Is t_m[n-
∏n-°p-∂Xv ]cn-an-Xn-Isf t`Zn®v A]-cn-an-X-amb ssNX-y-Øn¬
AYhm C—m-i-‡n-bn¬ hne-bn-°m-mWv. CXnv th≠-Xmb
{]h¿Ø--co-Xn-Isf XpS¿∂v thZw {]Xn-]m-Zn-bv°p-∂p. {]h¿Ø
_lp-e-amWv Cu {]]-©w. Cu {]]-©-Øn-ep-≈n-S-tØmfw Imew
Cu {]h¿Ø--{]-{In-b-bn¬ n∂v hn´p n¬°m≥ B¿°pw km[y-
a-√. {]h¿Øw FhnsS n¬°p-∂pthm AhnsS euIn-I-amb
AkvXnXzw ne-°p-∂p. At∏mƒ {]h¿Øw IqSntb Ignbq F∂v
hy‡-am-bn. B {]h¿Øw GXp cq]-Øn-em-hWw F∂-XmWv
thZ-Ønse c≠masØ kq‡w sΩ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂Xv. Cu
kq‡-sØ-]‰n as‰mcp kμ¿`-Øn¬ aw sNømw.
1. A·n-aotf ]ptcm-lnXw
b⁄ky tZh-ar-XznPw
tlmXmcw cXv-[m-Xaw (1-˛1-˛1)
2. hmb-hm-bmln Z¿iX (1-˛2-˛1)

22. 22 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
thZw- ˛ Hcp ]cn-t{]£yw
b⁄w n¿Δ-ln-°p∂ EXzn-°p-Iƒ EtKz-Zn-Ifpw bPp¿tΔ-Zn-
Ifpw kma-th-Zn-I-fp-am-sW∂pw AY¿Δ-th-Zn-bmb {_“≥ F∂
EXzn°v F√mw nco-£n-°p-Ibpw cl-ky-k-¶-ev]-߃ D]-tZ-in-
°p-Ibpw ]ng h∂m¬ AXns‚ {]mb-›nØw n¿Δ-ln-∏n-°p-I-bp-
amWv sNøp-∂-sX∂pw ""ENmwXzx t]mj-amkvtX''1 F∂ a{¥w
hy‡-am-°p-∂p≠v. {_“≥ b⁄sØ kwkvI-cn®v k^-e-am-°p-
∂p-sh∂v Otμm-Ky-a{¥w (4.16.2) ]d-bp-∂p.2
thZßfn¬ EtKz-Z-amWv {]Y-ahpw {][m--hpw. EtKz-Z-Øn-
∂p≈{X {]m[myw a‰v thZ-߃°n-√ F∂v CXn-¿∞-an-√. EtKz-
ZsØ D]-Po-hn-®p-sIm-≠mWv a‰p-aq-∂p-th-Z-ß-fpw ne-n¬°p-
∂-Xv. tZh-∑m-cn¬ A·n-sb-bm-W-t√m H∂ma-mbn IW-°m-°p-
∂-Xv. A·n-bpsSbmWv EtKzZw. Aßs A·n-s°-∂-t]mse
EtKz-Z-Ønpw H∂mw-ÿm-hpw {]m[m-yhpw In´n.
-E-tKz-Zw tlmX≥ F∂ EXzn-°nv D]-tbm-Kn-°m-p≈ a{¥-ß-
fm-sW∂v apºp ]d-™p-h-t√m. Blzmw sNø-emWv tlmXs‚
tPmen. tZh-∑msc b⁄-th-Zn-bn-tebv°v Blzmw sNøp∂
t]mse ssZhn-I-Kp-W-ßsf ΩpsS A¥¿a-fi-e-Øn-tebv°v
Blzmw sNømpw Cu EMva-{¥-߃ {]tbm-P--s∏-Spw. Cu a{¥-
߃ A¿∞-t_m-[-tØmsS Cuiz-cm¿∏-W_p≤ym P]n-°p-tºmƒ
A¥x-I-c-W-Ønse Bkpcn-I-kw-kvImcw in®v ssZhn-I-kw-
kvImcw hf-cpw. Cu hf¿® Hcp-hs Btflm-∂-Xn-bn-tebv°v bn-
°p∂p. CXmWv EtKz-Z-Øns‚ km¿Δ-P-o--amb {]tbm-Pw.
tZ-hkvXp-Xn-]-c-ßfmb a{¥-ß-fmWv EtKz-Z-Øn¬ `qcn-`m-Khpw.
EtKz-Z-Øns‚ ZrjvSn-bn¬ Cu {]]-©-Ønse F√mw-Xs∂ ssZhn-
I-Kp-W-hn-in-jvS-ß-fmWv. AXm-bXv tZh-∑m-cmWv F∂¿∞w. tZh-
1. ENmwXzx t]mj-amkvtX ]p]p-jzm≥
Kmb{Xw tXzmKm-b-Xn-i-Iz-cojp
{_“m-tXzm-h-Z-Xn-Pm-X-hnZymw
b⁄-ky-am{Xmw hnan-aoXDXzx (E)
2. ""akm kwkvI-tcmXn {_“m''. (O. 4.16.2)

23. thZw-˛Hcp ]cn-t{]£yw 23
`m-h--tbmsS {]]-©-Ønse GXp hkvXp-hns kao-]n-®mepw
AXn¬n∂v A`o-jvS-ßsf Id-s∂-Sp-°mw. kvXpXn-°m-mW;v nμn-
°m-√ EtKzZw D]-tZ-in-°p-∂-Xv. B nebv°v X∂n¬n∂v ]pdta
ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-sX¥pw kvXpXn°v hnj-b-ß-fm-Wv. Cu DZmØ atm-
`m-h-amWv EtKz-Z-]-T--Øn-eqsS mw hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-t°-≠-Xv.
a{¥-ß-sf√mw Omtμm-n-_-≤-ß-fm-Wv. Kmb-{Xn, DjvWn-°v,
Ap-jvSp-∏v, _rl-Xn, ]w‡n, {XnjvSp-∏v, PK-Xn, AXy-jvSn, AXn-
P-K-Xn, hncmSv F∂n-ßs hnhn-[- O-μ- p-I-fn-emWv a{¥-߃.
24 A£-c-ap≈ Kmb{Xn XpSßn ∂m-e-£cw Iq´n-°q´n G‰hpw
IqSp-X¬ A£-c-kw-Jy-bp-≈ AXn-[rXn F∂ Oμ- n¬ FØp-
tºmƒ 76 A£-chpw 8 ]mZ-ß-fpw D≈ a{¥-am-bnØo-cp-∂p. ""kln
i¿t[m amcpXw Xp hnjzWnx'' (1,127,6) F∂ E°v AXn-[rXn
F∂ Oμ- n¬ n_-≤-am-Wv. Hcp ]mZ-Øn¬ 4 A£cw
am{Xap≈Xpw 16 A£-c-ap-≈-Xp-ap-≠v. ""q-aY'' (8.46.15) F∂-
XmWv BZy-tØ-Xnv DZm-l-c-Ww. ""A]q-cp-j-Lvtm A{]-Xo-X-
iq-c-k-Xz`nx'' (1.133.6) F∂Xv c≠m-a-tØ-Xnpw. Hmtcm tZhpw
Hmtcm {]tXyI Oμ- p-ambn _‘-ap-≠-t{X. ""At·¿ Kmb-{Xy-`-
h¬'' (10.130.4) F∂ E°v CXn-s-bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-X.v Cu
Hmtcm tZhpw Hcp hy‡n-bpsS B¥-c-amb hf¿®-bpsS GXp-
L-´sØ {]Xn-n-[mw sNøp-∂p-sh-∂Xpw B tZhv {]tXy-I-
ambn ]d-™n-´p≈ Oμ v km[-Is‚ B {]tXyI Ah-ÿsb ˛
AYhm L´sØ ˛ Fßs klm-bn-°p-∂p-sh-∂Xpw AKm-[-
amb X]-›-cy-bn¬ na-·-cmb tbmKn-h-cy-∑m¿°p-am{Xw {Kln-
°mpw hnh-cn-bv°mpw Ign-bp∂ nKq-V-X-Xz-ß-fm-Wv. CXnv
Ft¥m {]tXy-I-amb Hcp kwhn-[m--ap-s≠∂pw Oμ pw tZh-
Xbpw XΩn¬ At`-Zy-amb, ap°v Ct∏mƒ icn-bmbn {Kln-°m≥
1. kln i¿t[m amcpXw Xp hnjz-Wn˛
c]v-kz-Xojq¿hcm kznjvS-n˛
cm¿Xm-kzn-jvSnx (1-˛127˛6)
2. q-aY (8.46.15)
3. A]qcpjLvtmA{]-XoX-iqckXz`n
kv{Xn--k]vssX»qc-k-Xz`nx (1-˛133˛6)
4. At·¿Kmb-{Xy-`-h¬kbp
tKzmjvWnl-bm-k-hn-Xm-kw-_-`qh
Ap-jvSp-`m-tkm-a-DIvssY¿a-l-kzm≥.... (1-˛130˛4)

24. 24 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
Ign-bmØ Ft¥m _‘-ap-s≠∂pw am{Xw Ct∏mƒ [cn-®m¬ aXn.
C{μ≥, an{X≥, hcp-W≥, A·n XpS-ßnb Hmtcm tZh-∑m-cp-sSbpw
cq]-I¿Ω-ßfpw {]h¿Ø--co-Xnbpw thZ-a-{¥-ß-fpsS njvIr-
jvSamb ]T--Øn¬ n∂v ap°v Hs´ms° {Kln-°m≥ Ign-bpw.
Cu hn[-Øn¬ ImWm≥ XpS-ßptºmƒ BZyw ]cn-an-X-sa∂pw
k¶p-Nn-X-sa∂pw Icp-Xn-bn-cp∂ A¿∞-X-e-߃ hnim-ehpw AKm-
[-hp-ambn amdm≥ XpS-ßpw. h¿Æm-{i-a-[¿Ω-߃°-p-cq-]-amb
PohnXw bn-°p-∂-h¿°v am¿§-Z¿i-I-ß-fmb AtIw XXz-c-Xv-
߃ thZ-Øn¬ n∂v ap°v tcn-´p-Xs∂ {Kln-°m≥ I-gn-bpw.
CXv Hcp henb t´-am-W-t√m.
AtN-X--h-kvXp-°-tf-t∏mepw tZh-`m-th kvXpXn-bv°p∂
sshZn-I-E-jn-am¿ C°m-Wp-∂-sX√mw Cuiz-c-m-Wv. ˛ ""k¿Δw
JeznZw {_“''-˛ F∂ D¬IrjvS XXz-sØ-bmWv ImWn-°p-∂-Xv.
hep-∏-s®-dp-∏tam KpW-tZm-j-ßtfm IW-°m-°msX Hmtcm-∂n-
tbpwIpdn®v kvXpXn®v Io¿Øn-°ptºmƒ sshZn-I-E-jn-am¿ sΩ
]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv Cu {]]-©-Ønse kIe hkvXp-°fpw AXm-Xns‚
ne-bn¬ {][m-hpw {]i-kvX-hp-am-sW-∂- X-Xz-sØ-bm-Wv. Ac-
bm-ens (h--kv]-Xn) kvXpXn-°p∂ AtX-`m-h-`w-Kn-tbmsS IdpI
(Zp¿Δm)tbbpw kvXpXn°pw. kqcy-tbpw Dj- n-t-bpw- kvXp-Xn-
°p-∂- t]m-se-Xs∂ cm{Xn-tbbpw kvXpXn-°pw. sshZn-I-E-jn-am-
cpsS ZrjvSn-bn¬ hnjhpw Aar-Xhpw ktlm-Z-c-ß-fm-Wv. (Zyu¿Δx
]nXm-]r-Yn-ho-(2.5.15.) Zn-I-tfbpw, Bc-Wy-ß-tfbpw I√n-t-bpw,
ba-tbpw, kqcy-tbpw NqXm-´-°-cp-°-tfbpw F√mw Ah¿ Hcp-
t]mse kvXpXn-°pw. B hnim-e-lr-Z-b-∑m¿°v ChnsS H∂n-t-
°p-dn-®pw Xc-Xat`-Z-an-√. h¿j-°m-eØv I¿Æ-I-tTm-c-ambn tXm∂m-
dp-≈ Xhf-°-c-®n¬°qSn EXzn-°-pIfpsS kvXpXn-i-kv{X-ß-fpsS
Bem-]--am-bn-´mWv Ah¿ ImWp-∂-Xv. AtX, {]]-©-am-Ip∂ Cu
alm-b-⁄-th-Zn-bn¬ EXzn-°p-I-f-√msX Bcp-an-√. thZ-]m-cw-K-X-
mb Ejn-s°-∂-t]mse t`I-Km-Ym-{]-ho-W-mb Xh-fbv°pw Cu
b⁄-im-e-bn¬ ÿm-ap-≠v. tm°p-I, D¬Ir-jvS-amb Ejn-`m-h-
-bpsS Hu∂-Xyw!
C∂p ap°v e`n-®n-´p≈ EIvkw-lnX ka-{K-amb kwlnXbpsS
F{Xtbm Xp—amb Hcp `mKta Bbn-´p-≈p F∂v Icp-Xm≥ ymb-
ap-≠v. EtKz-Z-Ønse Ejn-—-tμm-tZ-h-X-Isf {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂Xpw `K-
hXvImXym-b--hn-c-Nn-Xhpw Bb k¿Δm-p-{I-aWnbn¬ "PmX-th-

25. thZw-˛Hcp ]cn-t{]£yw 25
Z-tk-kq--hm-atkmaw' F∂ kq‡-Øns‚ hnh-c-W-Øn¬ ""GX-
Zm-Zon GIm-`q-bmwkn kq‡-k-l{kw'' F∂ Hcp hmIy-
Jfiap≠v. Hcp E°p≈ Cu kq‡w apX¬ c≠v, aq∂v F∂n-
ßs EIvkwJy h¿-≤n®v h¿≤n®v Bbncw E°p≈ kq‡w- h-
sc-bp≈ Bbncw kq‡-ß-fp≠v F∂m-Wt√m CXn-¿∞w. Cu
IW-°-p-k-cn®v GXm≠v A©p e£-tØmfw E°p-Iƒ hcpw.
H´msI ImW-s∏-´-h-tb-°mƒ ImW-s∏-Sm-p-≈-h-bmWv IqSp-X¬
F∂p Npcp-°w.
imIew _mjvIfw F∂ c≠p-im-J-I-fmWv EtKz-Z-Øn∂v D≈-
Xv. imI-e-im-J-°m-cpsS BNm-cy≥ Biz-em-b-pw _mjvI-f-im-
J-°m-cp-tSXv Iujo-Xn-In-bp-am-Wv. AX-p-k-cn®v Cu imJ-Isf
Biz-em-bw; Iujo-XIw F∂ t]cpIfnepw ]d-bm-dp-≠v. Iujo-
X-I-im-J-°m¿°v kwlnX kam-]n-°p-∂Xv "X—w-tbm-cm-hr-Wo-
atl' F∂ a{¥-tØm-sS-bm-Wv. Biz-em-b--∑m¿°v "kam-oh
BIpXnx' F∂ a{¥-amWv Ah-km--tØ-Xv. Ccp-Iq-´¿°pw Xpey-
am-bXpw ]mT-t`-Z-ß-fp-an-√m-Ø-Xp-amb kwln-Xm-a-{¥-߃°v "Zmi-
Xbn' F∂mWv t]cv. ]Øp afi-e-ß-fn-embn kam-l-cn-°-s∏-´h
F∂mWv Cu hm°n-¿∞w. CXn¬ s]Sm-Øh ]cn-injvSw F∂
t]cn-emWv Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. ]cn-in-jvS-Øn¬ E°p-Ifpw KZy-ßfpw
(n-K-Z-߃) D≠v. Ah ]e- t]-cp-I-fn-embn hn`-Pn-°-s∏-´n-´p-≠v.
Ah-bn¬ alm-m-avn, hnZm-a-L-h≥, ss{]j-߃, nhn-Øp-Iƒ,
]ptcm-cp-°ƒ, hme-Jn-eyIƒ, mcm-iw-kn-ssc-`n, C{μ-Km-Y, `qtX-
O-Øv, ]mco-£n-Xn, GX-i-{]-em]w F∂nh Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p.
]Øp-a-fi-e-߃°pw {]tXyIw t]cp-I-fp-≠v. H∂m-a-tØXv
imX¿®nw afi-e-am-Wv. Kr’-a-ZEjn Z¿in-®-XmWv c≠m-asØ
afi-ew. aq∂p- ap-X¬ Hmtcm afiehpw bYm-{I-aw hnizm-an-{X≥,
hma-tZ-h≥, A{Xn, `c-Zzm-P≥, hkn-jvT≥ F∂n-h-cmWv Z¿in-®-Xv.
IWz-tKm-{X-Pm-X≥am¿ Z¿in® {]Km-Y-a-fi-e-amWv F´m-a-tØXv.
Hº-Xm-a-tØXv {]kn-≤-amb ]h-am--a-fi-eamWv. thZ-{Z-jvSm-°-
fmb kIe Ejn-amcpw Z¿in® kq‡-ß-fmWv AXn-ep-≈-Xv. cmam-
b-W-Øn¬ Imfi-ß-fpsS t]cp-Iƒ IYm-`-KsØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-
Xm-bn-´mWv an°-Xpw. F∂m¬ A©m-asØ Imfiw- am{Xw B
nb-a-Øn∂v A]-hm-Z-am-Wv. kpμ-c-Imfiw F∂ t]cv AXnse
{]tXyIns®mcp IYm-`m-K-sØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-X-√-t√m. CXp-t]m-
se-bmWv Cu ]h-am--a-fi-e-hpw˛ Ejn-bpsS t]cn-tmSp_‘-

26. 26 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
s∏-´-X-√. cmam-b-W-Ønse kpμ-c-Imfiw as‰√m Imfi-ß-tf-
°mfpw {][m-hpw {]i-kvX-hp-am-sW-∂-Xp-t]mse Cu afi-ehpw
as‰√m afi-e-ß-tf-°mfpw {][m-hpw t{ijvT-hp-am-Wv. a‰p
afieß-fnse {][m Ejnhcy-∑m-sc-√m-hcpw CXn¬ a{¥-Zr-jvS-
m°-fm-Wv. ]h-am afi-e-Ønse BZysØ aq∂v Ap-hmI߃
{]tXyIw {]m[m-y-ap-≈-Xm-Wv. ºq-Xn-cn-am-cpsS CS-bn¬ "sNdp-
amw' F∂ t]cn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ Cu kq‡-߃ t£{X-ß-
fnse tZh-{]-Xn-jvT°pw AXp-t]mse {]m[m-yap≈ I¿Ω-ß-
ƒ°pw Hgn-®p-Iq-Sm-Ø-Xm-Wv. tZhv Ap-{Km-l-I-_p-≤n-bp-Zn-°mpw
`‡v Ap-{Klw kzoI-cn-°m-p≈ A¿l-X tSmpw Cu a{¥-
߃°v {]tXyI i‡n-bp≠v F∂v thZ-cXvw G¿°c cma≥
ºq-Xncn ]d-™p-tI-´n-´p≠v.
]Øm-asØ afiew £p{Z-kq-‡w F∂ t]cn-emWv Adn-b-
s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. {]tXy-In®v Hcp Ejn-bp-tStbm Ejn-Ip-e-Øn-t‚tbm
A√msX AkwJyw Ejn-am¿ Z¿in® kq‡-ß-fmWv AXn-ep-≈-
Xv. kq‡-߃ sNdp-Xm-sW∂ ne-bn¬ Ahsb £p{Z-kq-
‡ßsf∂p ]d-bp-∂p. F¶nepw A¿∞-Kmw-`ocyw tm°p-tºmƒ
Ah alm-kq-‡-߃ Xs∂-bmWv.
D]--bw Ign™v Hcp {_“-Nmcn thZm-≤ybØn∂v kpk-
÷-am-Ip-∂Xv imIz-c-{h-X-Zo-£-tbm-sS-bm-Wv. thZw apgp-h≥ ]Tn®p
{Kln-°m-p≈ {]tXy-I-{h-X-Im-e-amWv AXv. imIzcw F∂ ]Z-
Øns‚ A¿∞w i‡n-tb-Ip-∂Xv F∂m-Wv. thZw ]Tn®v A¿∞w
{Kln-°m-p≈ i‡n kn≤n-°m≥th-≠n-bp≈ Hcp {hX-amWv AXv.
Hcp sIm√w-sIm≠v Ah-km-n-°p-∂ ne-bn¬ C∂v AXv Npcp-
ßn. thZw ]mZ-ambn Hcp-apd Kpcp-ap-J-Øp-n∂v tI´v P]n-°pI
am{Xta Ct∏mƒ ]Xn-hp-≈p. "A[oXn; t_m[w' Chsb√mw
]≠sØ IY-bm-bn. Hcp sIm√w o≠p-n¬°p-∂Xv F∂¿∞-
Øn¬ B≠p-{hXw F∂pw BZyw-ap-X-¬ Hcp-apd P]n-°p-∂-Xn-m¬
Cu thZ-P-]-Ønv ""apX¬apd'' F∂pw t]cp-h-∂n-´p-≠v.
Cu {hXw kam-]n-°p-∂Xv Hcp {]tXyI NS-tßm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv.
thZ-]-T--Øns‚ al-XztØbpw Kmw`o-cy-tØbpw kqNn-∏n-°p∂
B NSßv A¿∞-h-Øm-Wv. ap°v AsXm∂v ]cn-tim-[n-°mw.
{hXw-sIm≠ Znhkw apX¬ 360 Znhkw Ignt™ CXp sNøm-
hq. DØ-cm-b-W-Imew thW-sa∂pw n¿_-‘-ap-≠v. {hX-k-am-]--
Zn-hkw BNm-cypw injypw D]-h-kn-°-Ww. A]-cm-”-Øn¬

27. thZw-˛Hcp ]cn-t{]£yw 27
Ipfn®v injyv kmXzn-I- `-£Ww Ign-°mw. AXn-p-ti-j-amWv
{Inb Bcw-`n-°p-∂-Xv. Xobn´p tlmaw XpSßn {][m--{kp-hm-lp-
Xn-Iƒ sNbvX-Xn-p-tijw k‘ym-hμw Ign®v ]Øp Kmb{Xn
P]n®v injy≥ BNm-cy-k-ao]w h∂m¬ BNm-cy≥ injy-tmSv
tNmZn-°p-I-bmWv ˛˛-A-·n, C{μ≥, BZn-Xy≥, hntiz-tZ-h-Iƒ Ch-
cpsS Ap-{K-l-i-‡nsb hln-°m≥ Ignhv ¬Ip∂ imIz-c-{hXw
o th≠-t]mse Ap-jvTn-®nt√? ""Kptcm, th≠-t]mse Ap-
jvTn-®p.- F∂p injy≥ adp-]-Snbpw ]d-bp-∂p. injy≥ IÆ-S-°p-
Ibpw injys‚ IÆv Hcp hkv{Xw-sIm≠v aqSn-s°-´p-Ibpw sNbvX-
Xn-p-tijw BNm-cy≥ Ap-jvTm--Øns‚ {]tXy-I-X-Isf hn[n-
°p-I-bm-Wv. ""Cu Hcp cm{Xn Na-X-bn-Sepw (k-an[m tlmaw) `n£-
sb-Sp-°¬, neØv InS-°¬, Kp-cp-ip-{iqj CsXm∂pw sNtø-≠.
ChnsS H‰bv°v H∂pw Dcn-bm-SmsX {]am-Zm-e-ky-n-{Zm-Zn-Iƒ°p
hiw-h-ZmImsX kI-e-tZ-h-∑m-cp-tSbpw km∂n-≤y-ap≈ Cu A·n-
tlm-{X-imebn¬ A·n-bpsS kao-]Øv PmKr-X-mbn Ccn°p''
Aßs B cm{Xn ]hn-{X-kva-c-W-tbmsS Dd-ßmsX Ahn-sS-
Øs∂ Ccn-°-Ww. ]nt‰∂v ImeØv BNm-cy≥ Xte-Zn-h-ksØ
tlmam-·n-bn¬ ho≠pw tlmaw sNbvX-Xn-p-tijw thZ-]-Tw
]q¿Øo-I-cn-°p∂ alm-m-avyhpw ]pco-j-]-Zhpw injyv D]-tZ-
in-°p-∂p. "hnZm-a-L-h≥' F∂p XpS-ßp∂ Cu hnin-jvS-a-{¥-Øns‚
Ah-kmw tZh-∑m-tcmSv Xs‚ lrZ-bm-¥¿`m-KØv BK-an®v
hnfßtW F∂p {]m¿∞n-°p-I-bm-Wv. ""Ghm-lyt· Ghm-lo{μ
Ghm-ln-]q-j≥ Ghm-ln-tZhmx'' F∂o A¿∞]pjvS-ß-fmb a{¥-
ß-fm-Wn-h. ChbmWv thZ-]-T--Øns‚ Ah-km-sØ {]m¿∞-
. "Gh a{¥-߃' F∂v Chsb ]d-bm-dp-≠v. ChnsS _ln¿ap-J-
hr-Ønsb ntcm[n®v XZm-Im-c-Nn-Ø-mbn h¿Øn-°p∂ injy-
n¬ tZh-∑m¿ GtXm A⁄m-Xhpw kq£va-hp-amb Ap-{K-l-hn-
ti-jsØ ka¿∏n®v k∂n-[mw sNøp∂p F∂-Xmhmw CXns‚
]n∂nse k¶-ev]w. Cu XØzsØ {_m“Ww Cßs D¬tLm-
jn-°p-∂p. "bmh-Xo¿ssh-tZ-hXmx Xmx k¿Δm thZ-hnZn {_m“tW
hk¥n {_m“tWm sshk¿Δm tZhXmx' (i-X-]-Y-{_m-“-Ww).
F{X tZh-∑m-cpt≠m Ahsc√mhcpw thZ-⁄-mb {_m“-W-n¬
hkn-°p-∂p. AXn-m¬ {_m“-W≥ k¿Δ-tZ-h-Xm-a-b-mWv
F∂mWv {_m“-Whm-Iym¿∞w. C∂v CsX-√mw- shdpw NS-ßmbn
˛ Ap-`-hhpw AXp-t]m-se-Ø-s∂.

28. 28 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
CXn-p-tijw IÆp-sI-´nb hkv{Xhpw søp-]p-c-´nb Hcp Xfn-
Ibpw BNm-cyv Zmw sNøp-∂p. A¥¿ap-Jm-hÿ Xev°mew
BNm-cy-n¬Øs∂ ka¿∏n-°p-∂p F∂¿∞w. thZ-XXzw k¿Δ{X
hym]n® A¥x-I-c-W-Øns‚ {]Xo-I-amWv sbv ]pc-´nb XfnI.
AXv Zmw sNøp-∂p F∂-Xn∂v A¥x-I-c-WsØ BNm-cyv ASn-
b-d-sh®p F∂¿∞w. thZw ]mepw thZm¿∞w ssXcpw AXns
IS-s™-SpØ søv thZ-X-Xz-hp-am-Wv. AXv A¥-I-c-W-Øn¬
k¿Δ{X hym]vX-ambn F∂-Xn-s-bmWv sbv]p-c-´nb XfnI kqNn-
∏n-°p-∂-Xv. thZ-a-{¥-߃ tIhew i_vZ-ßfpw i_vZm¿∞hpw
am{X-a-S-ßn-b-hb-√. AXn--∏pdw Ap-jvTm-w, Ap-`hw F∂o
c≠p Xe-߃°qSn AXnv D≠v. AXn-te-bv°p≈ {]th-i--
Øns‚ Bcw-`-amWv Cu {Inb kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.
EtKz-ZsØ afi-ew, Ap-hm-Iw, kq‡w, E°v F∂n-ßs
Hcp-hn-[-Øn¬ hn`-Pn-®n-´p-≠v. AXn-p-]p-dta AjvS-Iw, A≤ym-bw,
h¿§w, EIv, A¥w F∂n-ßs as‰m-cp-hn-[-Øn-ep≈ hn`-P--hp-ap-
≠v. c≠m-aXp ]d™ AjvSm-Zn-Xn-hn-`-P--amWv tIc-f-Ønse ºq-
Xn-cn-am-cpsS CS-bn¬ IqSp-X¬ {]Nm-c-ap-≈-Xv. iX¿®nw F∂
BZysØ afi-e-Øn¬ 24 Ap-hm-I-ß-fp-≠v. Kr’-a-Z-sa∂ c≠m-
asØ afi-e-Øn¬ Ap-hm-I-߃ 4 BWv. hnizm-an-{X-˛-hm-a-tZ-
h-a-fi-e-ß-fn¬ (3-˛4 afießfn¬) 5 Ap-hmIw hoX-amWp-
≈-Xv. 5, 6, 7 afi-e-߃ {ItaW A{Xn-˛ `c-Zzm-P-˛-h-kn-jvT-∑m¿
Z¿in-®-h-bm-Wv. Ah-bn¬ Bdv Ap-hmIw hoX-am-Wp-≈-Xv. IWz-
tKm-{X-P-∑m-cmb {]Km-Y-∑m¿ Z¿in® F´mw afi-e-Øn¬ ]Øv
Ap-hm-I-ap-≠v. hnin-jvS-amb ]h-am--a-fi-e-Øn¬ Ggv Ap-hm-
I-ß-fp-≠v. £p{Z-kq-‡ ˛ alm-kq-‡-ß-f-S-ßnb ]Ømw afi-e-
Ønse Ap-hm-I-kwJy ]{¥-≠m-Wv. BsI 85 Ap-hm-I-ß-
fmWv ]Øp afi-e-ß-fnepw IqSn-bp-≈-Xv. thZ-a-{¥-ß-fpsS
kzm≤ymbw Ap-hm-I-Ønte n¿Øm-hq F∂mWv ]q¿Δm-Nm-cw.
BsI kq‡-߃ 1017 BWv. E°p-Iƒ 10472, A£-c-߃
aq∂p-e-£-Øn-sXm-Æq‰nmem-bn-cØnap∂q-‰n-]-Xn-t-gm-Wv
(394317).
AjvS-Im-Zn-hn-`-P--Øn¬ F´v AjvS-I-ß-fpw, Adp-]-Øn-mev
A≤ym-b-ßfpw c≠m-bn-cØn Bdv h¿§-ß-fp-ap-≠v. thZ-Ønse
Hmtcm A£-c-Ønepw k¿Δ-tZ-h-∑mcpw IpSn-sIm-≈p∂p F∂mWv
k¶ev]w. ""EtNm A£tc ]cta thyma≥'' (2. 3. 21) F∂ a{¥-

29. thZw-˛Hcp ]cn-t{]£yw 29
Øn¬ AXmWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv. AXn-]-hn-{X-amb EtKz-Z-Øns‚ GXm≠v
Hcp _mly-cq-]-amWv ta¬ hnh-cn-®-Xv.
EtKz-Z-Ønse HºXmw afi-e-Ønse F√m a{¥-ßfpw ]h-am-
-tkm-as kvXpXn-°p-∂-h-bm-Wv. {XnI-cW-߃°pw ]hn-{X-X-
tb-Ip∂ tkma≥ km£m¬ k¿tΔ-iz-c≥X-s∂-bm-Wv. B-μ-kz-
cq-]-mb Ahn-Sp∂v i‡n-bp-‡pw awK-e-kz-cq-]-p-am-Wv. inh-i-
ss‡-Iy-cq]w Xt∂ tkma-cq]w. i‡n-bp-‡-mb inh-m-bnt´m
inh-i-ss‡-Iy-cq-]n-Wn-bm-bnt´m CjvSw-t]mse `mh--sN-øp-∂-
Xn¬ sX‰n-√. ssih-∑m¿ i‡n-bp‡alm-tZ-h-m-bn´pw sshjvW-
h-∑m¿ e£vao-m-cm-b-W-m-bn´pw imt‡-b-∑m¿ inhss‡Iycq-
]n-Wn-bm-bn´pw k¶-ev]n-®p-]m-kn-bv°p∂ B ]c-a-k-Xyw-Xs∂
tkma≥. k¬Nn¬ B-μ-sa∂ aq∂p hnin-jvS-Kp-W-ßfn¬ B-
ssμI-{]-[m--mWv tkma≥. ta¬]-d™ nK-a--Øns ka¿∞n-
°p∂ ]e a{¥-ßfpw Cu afi-e-Øn¬ ImWm≥ Ign-bpw.
Cu a{¥-Øns‚ hymJym--sa-t∂mWw Hcp t«mIw kvIμ-]p-
cm-W-Ønse Imio-J-fi-Øn¬ ImWp-∂p-≠v. AXn-hnsS tN¿°mw.
""aXomw NZnhx ]rYvhymx ht”x kqcyky h{PnWx
km£m-Z-]nN hnjvtWm› tkmtam P-bn-tX-izcx-''.
ax-ip-≤o-I-chpw im¥n-Zm-b-I-hp-amWv ]h-am--kvXp-Xn-Iƒ. {XnI-
c-W-ßsf ]hn-{X-am-°p-tºm-gm-Wt√m im¥m-Im-c-mb
k¿tΔizc≥ AXn¬ {]Xn-^-en-°p-∂-Xv. ÿqe-i-cocw Ccp-]-Øn-
mep XXz-ß-fm¬ n¿Ωn-°-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. Cu Ccp-]-Øn-mep XØz-
ß-fpsS ip≤o-I-c-WsØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-h-bmWv ]h-am--a-fi-e-
Ønse BZysØ Ap-hm-I-Ønse Ccp-]-Øn-mep kq‡-߃.
kq£va-i-cocw jƒ{Xnw-i¬I-e-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-XmWv. Ah-bpsS
ip≤o-I-c-WsØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-h-bmWv c≠m-asØ Ap-hm-I-
Ønse ap∏-Ømdp kq‡-߃. Imc-W-i-co-c-Øn¬ AXy-¥-kq-
£va-ß-fmb Ggp afi-e-ß-fps≠∂v tbmK-imkv{Xw ]d-bp-∂p.
Cu Ggp afi-e-ß-fpsS ip≤o-I-c-W-sØ-bmWv 3˛-asØ Ap-hm-
I-Ønse Ggp-kq-‡-߃ kqNn∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Cu aq∂p Ap-hm-I-
ßfpw BZy¥w P]n-°m≥ ]‰mØ ]£w 3˛-masØ Ap-hm-I-
Ønse HSp-hn-esØ c≠p kq‡-߃ P]n-®mepw apgp-h≥ P]n®
^ew D≠mIpw F∂Xv CXnse Hcp {]tXy-I-X-bm-Wv. aq∂mw
Ap-hm-I-Ønse Ah-km-sØ kq‡w BP-∑-ip-≤-cmb

30. 30 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
kv]X¿jn-Iƒ Z¿»n-®-h-bm-Wv. ]hn-{X-X-c-amb B kvXpXn-tbmsS
D]m-k-Is‚ {XnI-c-W-ß-fpw ip≤-am-hp-∂p. aq∂mw Ap-hm-I-
Ønse Ah-km-sØ c≠p E°p-Iƒ Cu ]h-am--a-{¥-ß-fpsS
^e-{ip-Xn-bm-Wv. EtKz-Z-Øn¬ as‰ßpw ImWmØ Cu ^e{ipXn
Cu a{¥-ß-fpsS A]q¿Δ-X-sb-bmWv ImWn-°p-∂-Xv.
Cu ]h-am--a-{¥-ßsf A≤y-bw sNøp∂-h≥ C{μn-b-߃
aptJ Bl-cn-°p-∂-sX√mw AXn-]-cn-ip-≤-am-bn-cn-°pw. amX-cn-izm-
hn-m¬ Bkz-Zn-°-s∏-´-h-bmIpw Ah. k¿Δ-hym-]-Iamb Cuizci-
‡n-sb-bmWv ChnsS amX-cn-izm-sh∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. k¿Δ-hym-]-I-
mb Cuiz-cs‚ kvac-W-bn-√msX Hcp nan-jhpw H∂pw Ap-`-
hn-°m≥ Ign-bmØ ÿnXn e`n-°pw F∂¿∞w. OmtμmtKym]-
n-jØn¬ k¬Ip-am-c-apn ]d-bp∂ {[phm-kvarXn kn≤n-°p-sa-
∂¿∞w.
1. Blm-c-ip≤yu kØz-ip≤nx
kØz-ip-≤u {[phm-kvarXnx
kvarXn-ew-t`-k¿Δ-{K-Ÿ-omw hn{]-tamt£x (Om-tμmKyw 7.26.2)
kt¶-X-ß-fn-eqsS Nne hnti-jm¿∞-ßsf kqNn-∏n-°p∂ Cu
k{º-Zmbw thZ-Øn¬ ]te-SØpw ImWmw. H∂mw afi-e-Øn¬
24-˛-asØ kq‡w apX¬ 31-˛m-asØ kq‡w-h-tc-bp≈ Ggp-kq-
‡-߃ BPo-K¿Ø-]p-{X-mb ip-t»-]-s‚ kvXpXn-I-fm-Wv. hcp-
Wv _en-¬Im-mbn b⁄-im-e-bpsS bq]-°m-en¬ _‘nbv°-
s∏´ ip-t»-]≥ _‘-tam-N--Øn-∂mbn Btcm-SmWv {]m¿∞n-
t°-≠-Xv, BcpsS ma-amWv P]n-t°-≠Xv F∂p Nn¥n-°p-∂-Xp-ap-
X¬°mWv Cu {]I-cWw Bcw-`n-°p-∂-Xv. A·n, khn-Xm-hv, hcp-
W≥ XpSßn Hmtcm tZh-∑msc {]m¿∞n®v {]m¿∞n®v Ah-kmw
Dtjm-tZ-hnsb kvXpXn-°p-∂-tXmsS ip-t»-]≥ tamNn-∏n-°-s∏-
Sp-∂p. Cu {]I-cW-ØneqsS hen-sbmcp XXz-sØ-bmWv thZw
shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. _‘--Øn¬ n∂v Fßs tamNn-∏n-°-s∏Spw
F∂-dn-bmsX Ht´sd tZh-∑m-tcmSv D≈p-Np´p {]m¿∞n®v Ah-kmw
Dtjm-tZ-hn-tbmSv {]m¿∞n-°p-∂-tXmsS ip-t»-]≥ ap‡-m-°-
s∏-Sp-∂p. i‡n-bpsS {]Xo-I-am-bmWv thZ-a-{¥-ß-fn¬ Dj- ns
h¿Æn-®n-´p-≈-Xv. B i‡n-bpsS km£m-Xv°m-c-Øn-emWv _‘-
tam-N-w. Cuiz-cs amXm-hm-bn-°-cpXn D]m-kn-°p-∂-XmWv i‡n-
D-]m-k-. amXm-hmbn Cuiz-cs ImW-W-sa-¶n¬ Xm≥ H∂p-a-dn-
bmØ inip-hmbn amd-Ww. Cu njvI-f-¶m-h-ÿ-bmWv ip-t»-]-

31. thZw-˛Hcp ]cn-t{]£yw 31
n¬ ap°v ImWm≥ Ignbp-∂-Xv. AΩsb Adn-bp-∂-Xn∂v
]mfinXyw Bh-iy-an-√. AΩ GX-h-k-c-Ønepw c£n-°p-sa∂
ZrV-hn-izmkw am{Xw aXn. AΩ-bpsS `mh-Øn¬ Cuiz-cs I≠p
D]m-kn-°-W-sa-∂p-t]mepw ipt»-]v Adn-™p-Iq-Sm-bn-cp-∂p.
AXp-sIm-≠m-Wt√m Bsc-bmWv `Pn-t°-≠Xv, BcpsS ma-amWv
P]n-t°-≠Xv F∂v BZyw kwi-bn-®-Xv. F∂m¬ inip-k-l-Pamb
njvI-f-¶-_p-≤n-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xn-m¬ Hmtcm tZh-∑mcpw hgn-Im-
Wn®v HSp-hn¬ AΩ-bpsS ˛ Dtjm-tZ-hn-bpsS ˛ k∂n-[n-bn¬ FØn.
AΩ-bpsS ASp--sØØnbt∏mƒ Xma-k-saty _‘-ap-‡-m-hp-
Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu thZ-X-XzsØ D]-n-jØv Cßns kw{K-
ln®p {]Jym-]n-®p. ""]mfinXyw n¿Δn-Zy-_m-tey XnjvTm-tk¬''
(]m-fin-XysØsb√mw hen-s®-dn™v _mey-`-mh-Øn¬ h¿-
Øn°q) F∂v.
A·n-jvtSm-a-b-⁄-Øn¬ BZysØ CjvSn {]mb-Wo-tb-jvS-
nbm-Wv. AXnse {][m--tZ-hX AZn-Xn-bm-Wv. b⁄w sNømpw
b⁄m-p-jvTm--߃ Adn-bmpw Ign-hn-√msX tZh-∑m¿ AZn-
Xnsb icWw {]m]n-®p-sh∂pw, BZyhpw Ah-km-hpw ka¿∏n-
°-s∏-Sp-∂ lhn v Xn°v ¬Im-sa-¶n¬ b⁄-]p-cp-js Adn-
bmpw bPn-°mpw Ign-hp-≠m-°n-Ø-cm-sa∂v AZnXn ]d-™p-sh-
∂pw, AX-p-k-cn®v {]mb-Wo-bw, DZ-b-obw F∂o c≠p CjvSn-
Iƒ AZn-Xn°v {]m[myw Iev]n®v n›-bn-®p-sh∂pw sFX-tc-b-
{_m-“-W-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. AXnse c≠m-a≤ym-b-Øn¬
""bt⁄m ssh tZth`y D]-{I-am¬'' F∂m-cw-`n-°p∂ Jfi-Øn¬
CXp- Im-Wmw. Cu k{ºZmb-Øns‚ D¤-h-amWv mw ip-t»-
]s‚ {]m¿∞ Dƒs°m-≈p-∂ thZ-a-{¥-ß-fn¬ I≠-Xv. kt¶-
Xw-sIm≠v CXv kqNn-∏n-°p-Itb sNøp-∂p-≈p. hmNn-I-ambn ]d-
bp-∂n-√. ""]tcm-£-hm-Z-mE-jbx''˛ ]tcm-£-hm-Zn-I-fmWv Ejn-am¿
F∂p-≠-t√m.
C{μ≥, A·n F∂o tZh-∑m-cpsS KpW-{X-b-ß-fn-eq-sS-bp≈
n¿Δ-Nw thZ-a-{¥-ß-fn¬ n∂v ap°v e`n-°pw. ""tbmPmX Gh''
(2-˛12-˛1) F∂ kq‡w C{μs hy‡-ambn n¿Δ-Nn-°p-I-bmWv.
AXnse hnh-c-W-a-p-k-cn®v C{μ≥ km£m¬ k¿tΔ-iz-
c≥Xs∂sb∂p hy‡-am-hpw. ""Xza-t·-{]-Yax'' (1-˛31-˛1) ""Xza-t·-
Zyp`nx'' (2-˛1-˛1) F∂o kq‡-߃- A-·n-bpsS k¿tΔ-iz-c-XzsØ
n¿Δ-N--ßfneqsS ka¿∞n-°p-∂p. HºXmw afi-eØnse ]h-

32. 32 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
am--tkm-apw Cu A·n Xs∂-bmWv. A·n-jvtSm-a-bm-K-Øn¬
""D]m-kvssa-Km-bXmcx'' (9-˛11-˛1) F∂p XpS-ßp∂ _ln-jv]-h-
amkvtXm{Xw Kmw sNøp-tºmƒ tlmXmhv ""{]thm-tZ-hm-bm-
·tb'' (3-˛13-˛1) F∂p XpS-ßp∂ BPy-i-kv{X-amWv sNm√p-∂-
Xv. kvXpXn°pw iwk--Ønpw (i-kv{X-Øn-pw) tZhX H∂p-X-
s∂-bm-bn-cn-°Ww F∂mWv bmK-k-{º-Zm-bw. "kvXpX-a-p-iw-kXn'
F∂ {iuX-kq-{X-hm-Iy-amWv AXnv {]am-Ww. ChnsS tkmas
kvXpXn®v A·nsb iwkn-°m≥ ImcWw A·nbpw tkmapw
hyXy-kvX-a√ F∂-Xp-X-s∂. "tbm hm A·n-xk-]-h-am-x' (10-˛5)
F∂v sFX-tc-b-{_m-“Ww. CXns Ap-h-Zn°p-∂p.
`mc-X-Øn¬ Atßm-f-an-tßm-f-w hnjvWp-`-K-hm-p≈ {]m[myw
as‰mcp tZh-p-an-√. cmam-b-W-`-mc-X-ßfpw `mK-h-Xhpw hnjvWp-
hns‚ aln-asb Io¿Øn-°p∂ ]pWy-{K-Ÿ-ßfm-W-t√m. {iocmapw
{ioIr-jvWpw D≈{X {]m[myw Hcp lnμp-hns‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬
as‰mcp tZhpw C√ F∂p Xs∂ ]d-bmw. F∂m¬ hnjvWp-
hns kvXpXn-°p-∂ a{¥-߃ EtKz-Z-Øn¬ Xmc-X-tay Ipd-t®-
bp-≈p. sshZn-I-Im-e-Øn-p-ti-j-amWv hnjvWp-hn∂v C∂p ImWp∂
{]m[myw D≠m-bXv F∂v Hcp hmZ-K-Xnbpw CXn¬n∂pfhm-bn-
´p-≠v. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ CXv ASn-ÿm--c-ln-X-am-Wv. A·njvtSma-
bmKw Xs∂ ap°v DZm-l-c-W-ambn FSp-°mw. tkma-{Ibw F∂
Hcp {][m--{In-b-bp-≠v. bmK-Øn¬ tkma-h√n hne-sIm-SpØv
hmßn®v AXv tXcn¬ Ib‰n bmK-im-e-bn¬ sIm≠p-h∂v
""Bkμn''sb∂ ]oT-Øn¬ Fgp-∂-≈n-®p-sh-®-Xn-p-tijw Hcp
CjvSn (tlm-a-hn-ti-jw) D≠v. AXns‚ t]cv BXn-tYyjvSn F∂m-
Wv. tkma-cm-Pmhv Fgp-∂≈n hcp-tºmƒ B amym-Xn-Ynbv°v
ka¿∏n-°p∂ BNm-tcm-]-Nm-c-amWv AXp-sIm≠v Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xv.
F∂m¬ Cu CjvSn-bpsS tZhX (B¿°p-th≠n CjvSn sNøp-
∂pthm B i‡n-hn-ti-j-amWv tZh-X)hn-jvWp-tZ-h-mWv. tkma-
cm-Pm-hns kzoI-cn-®n-cpØn hnjvWp-hnv BXnYyw ¬Ip-Itbm?
{_“-Z-Øs £Wn-®p-h-cpØn Ip™p-Ænsb k¬°-cn-®p-sh∂v
tIƒ°p-tºmƒ {_“-Z-Øs‚ Hma--t∏-cmWv Ip™pÆn F∂
kXyw Adn-bm-Ø-h¿°v AXn¬ Au-Nn-Xyhpw sshcp-[yhpw
tXm∂mw. CXp-t]m-ep≈ sshcp-≤yta tkmas £Wn®v hnjvWp-
hns k¬°-cn-°p-∂-Xnepw D≈p. Cu Ap-jvTm--Øn-eqsS tkma-
tZ-hpw hnjvWphpw c≠√ F∂ XXzw Ejo-iz-c-∑m¿ ap°v

33. thZw-˛Hcp ]cn-t{]£yw 33
hni-Z-am°nØcn-I-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ CXv F¥p-sIm≠v hy‡-am-bn-
∏-d-™n√ F∂m-sW-¶n¬ Ht∂ adp-]Snbp≈p. Ejn-am¿ ]tcm-£-
{]n-b-cmWv F∂-Xp-X-s∂.
EtKz-Z-Ønse Hº-Xm-asØ afiew ]h-am--tkm-a-s-∏‰nbp≈
kvXpXn-bm-W-t√m. Hcp afiew apgp-h≥ Hcp tZhs‚ kvXpXn-
°mbn Dgn-™p-h-®-Xn¬n-∂p-Xs∂ B tZhs‚ ]c-a-{]m-[myw
a- n-em-°mw. {_“m--μ-sØ-bmWv Chn-sS tkma-tZhmbn ]d-
bp-∂-Xv. B tkmas {]m]n-°pI AXn¬ X∑-bo-`-hn-°pI CXmWv
Pohn-X-e-£yw. tkma-]mw sNøpI F∂Xv AXn-tmSv
XmZmflyaS-bp-∂-Xn-s-bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Cu tkma-ckw
AYhm {_“m-μw am[p-cy-]q¿Æ-am-sW∂v shdpsX ]d-™p-
sIm≠v AXnpNp‰pw h´w Xncn-bp∂X√msX AXv tcn´v Ap-
`-hn-°m≥ H´p an°-t]cpw Hcp-ßp-∂n√ F∂v thZ-am-Xmhv hne-]n-
°p-∂p. "hntizbw tZhm DXa¿Xymtkma-[p-{_p-ht¥m A`n-kwN-
c¥n' (8-˛48-˛1) EtKz-Z-Øn¬ hnkvX-cn®p h¿Æn® Cu tkma-c-k-
sØ bPp¿tΔ-Z-Øn¬ B-μ-kz-cq-]-am-bn-Øs∂ h¿Æn-°p-∂p. `rKp-
h-√n, {_“m--μ-h√n F∂o `mK-ß-fn¬ Cu hnh-cWw ImWmw.
Cu tkma-sØ-˛ {_“m--μ-sØ-bmWv {ioa-Zvhn-Zym-c-Wy-kzm-an-Iƒ
At±-l-Øns‚ ]©-Zin F∂ thZm-¥-{]-I-cW-Øn¬ Ah-km-
sØ A©v A≤ym-b-ß-fn-embn hnkvX-cn®p h¿Æn-®n-´p-≈-Xv.
CsX√mw tN¿Øp-sh®p tm°p-tºmƒ thZ-Øns‚ e£yw C∂-
Xm-sW∂p ap°v hy‡-ambn kw{K-ln-°m≥ I-gn-bpw.
e£yhpw am¿§hpw, F∂p-th≠ mw {Kln-®n-cn-t°-≠-Xmb
GXp hn⁄m-hpw thZ-Øn-ep-≠v. t]cm-ens‚ hnsØ-SpØp
s]m´n®ptm°n-bm¬ `mhn-bn¬ Hcp alm-hr-£-ambn hf-cm-n-cn-
°p∂ AXns‚ F√m `mK-ßtfbpw ap-°v AXn¬ hy‡-ambn
th¿Xn-cn-®p-Im-Wm≥ Ign-s™∂p hcn-√. ap-jy-nse kz`m-hhn-
ti-j-߃ Xe-ap-d-I-fn¬ n∂v Xe-ap-d-I-fn-tebv°v ssIam‰w sNø-
s∏-Sp-∂Xv Pop-I-fnse Un.F≥.F. hgn-bm-sW∂v B[pn-
Iimkv{Xw Is≠-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. F∂m¬ AXn-kq-£va-amb Pons
F{X njvIr-jvS-ambn ]cn-tim-[n-®n´pw AXns‚ C∂n∂ `mK-ß-
fn¬ C∂n∂ {]tXy-I-X-I-fn-cn-°p-∂p-s≠∂v Is≠-Øm≥ Ign-™n-
´n-√. amXr-K¿`Øn¬ _oP-cq-t]W sNs∂Øn hf¿∂v hnImkw
{]m]n-°p-tºmsg AXns‚ cq]-kz-`m-h-ssh-Nn-{Xy-߃ shfn-s∏-´p-
In-´p-I-bp-≈p. AXp-t]mse thZ-a-{¥-ß-fn¬ _oP-cq-t]W h¿Øn-

34. 34 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
°p∂ XXz-hn-ti-j-߃ Cuiz-ssc-I-i-c-W-cmb Ejo-iz-c-∑m-cpsS
kq£va-_p-≤n-bn¬ ]Xn®v hf¿∂v hnI-kn-®-XmWv ΩpsS kvarXn-
Ifpw CXn-lm-k-]p-cm-W-ßfpw.
"inipw hn-{]m-a-Xn-`o-cn-l¥n' F∂ a{¥-`m-K-amhmw {ioIr-jvW-
`-K-hms‚ hrμm-h--eo-e-bmbn hf¿∂p-hn-I-kn® IYm-`m-K-Øns‚
_oPw. ""XthZw hnizw'' (7-˛98-˛6) F∂ E°v {ioIr-jvW-`-K-hms‚
]ip-]m-e--Øn∂v B[m-c-am-sW∂v Icp-Xp-hm≥ ymb-ap-≠v. ""[z-
mKm [z-m-Pnw-P-tba'' (6-˛75-˛2) F∂ a{¥-tØm-Sp-tN¿Øph®v
""{]W-thm-[px'' F∂ ItTm]nj-∑{¥w IqSn ]Tn-°p-tºmƒ Cu
E°v `K-h-∂m-a-am-lm-fly-tØ-bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p∂-sX∂v hy‡-
am-hpw. ""Pmtb ZkvXw'' (3-˛53-˛4) F∂p-ap-X-ep≈ aq∂p-a{¥w Krl-
ÿm-{i-a-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ [y-X-sb-bt√ DZvtLm-jn-°p-∂Xv?
Cßns FÆn-sb-Æn-∏-d-™m¬ Ah-km-n-°n-√. ""thtZ k¿Δw
{]Xn-jvTnXw'' F∂Xv A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ Xs∂ kXy-am-sW∂p
Npcp-°w. ""k¿Δw'' F∂-Xnv {]tXyIw ASn-h-c-bn-S-W-sa-∂p-am{Xw.
tam Zznio¿jvtW {Xn]tZ NXpx-irw-Kmb X¥th
k]vX-l-kvXmb b⁄mb {Xbohn-Zym-flt ax
AtΩ ic-Ww.
`{Z {]m¿∞
""`{Zw tm A]n hmXb ax''
EtKz-Z-Øn¬ Nne {]tXyI E°p-Iƒ°v (a-{¥-߃°v) ]Z-t—Zw
sNømdn-√. ]Z-t—Zw sNø-cpXv F∂p Xs∂ njvI¿j-bp-≠v.
AØcw a{¥-ß-fn¬ H∂mWv apI-fn¬ tN¿Ø-Xv. Rß-fpsS a-
p-t]mepw `{Z-Ønv Ap-Iq-e-ambn Nen-°-s´ F∂mWv Cu a{¥-
Øns‚ A¿∞w. `{Zw F∂m¬ GX-h-ÿ-bnepw Xn°v lmn
hcp-Øm-ØXv F∂¿∞w. `uXn-I -Po-hn-X-Øn¬ hym]r-X--mb
Hcmƒ°v B Pohn-XsØ Xn°pw Xs‚ kl-Po-hn-Iƒ°pw KpW-
I-c-amb coXn-bn¬ bn-°m-p≈ t{]cW ¬Ip∂ i‡n-bm-Wv
`{Zw. Bflob Pohn-X-Øn¬ AXnp ApKpW--amb coXn-bn¬
Pohn®v e£yw {]m]n-°p-∂-Xnv klm-b-I-amb KpW-amWv `{Zw
F∂p ]d-bmw. B{i-bn-°-Ø°Xpw Bin°-Ø-°-Xp-amb KpW-

35. `{Z {]m¿∞ 35
hn-ti-j-amWv `{Zw F∂-Xp-sIm≠v sshZn-I-E-jn-am¿ Dt±-in-®n-cp-
∂Xv. `{Z-Øn-p-tsc hn]-co-X-am-b-XmWv A`-{Zw F∂Xv {]tXyIw
]d-tb-≠-Xn-√t√m.
`{Z-Øn--p-Kp-W-amb hn[-Øn¬ a v Nen-°p-tºmƒ Pohn-X-
Ønv Hcp e£y-t_m-[hpw AXns {]m]n-°m-p≈ Hcp
sXfn™ am¿§hpw sXfn™p {]Im-in-°pw. AXn-eqsS k©-cn-
°p-tºmƒ e£y-{]m]vXn kpn-›n-X-am-hp-∂p. Aßns PohnXw
km^-ey-a-S-bp-∂p. AXn-m¬ Cuiz-cm-p-{K-l-Øm¬ kn≤n-t°-
≠Xv a- ns‚ Cu `{Z-ÿn-Xn-X-s∂-bm-Wv.
F∂m¬ a- ns Cu am¿§-Øn-eqsS bn-°pI F∂Xv A{X
Ffp-∏-a-√. AXn-tebv°v Cdßn {]h¿Øn-®-h¿t° AXns‚ _p≤n-
ap´v Adn-bp-I-bp≈p F∂p am{Xw. a- ns‚ N©-e-kz-`mhw
Ft∏mgpw a- ns Iogvt]m´v ]nSn®v hen-°pw. ncm-i-bp-sSbpw
DXvI-WvT-bp-tS-bpw -I-Spw-Np-gnbn¬ s]´v a v h´w Id-ßpw. ChnsS
Hcp kXz-Kp-W-{]-hr-≤-amb a- ns‚ klmbw IqSntb Ign-bp.
Cu k¬_p-≤n-tb-bmWv Cuiz-c-mbn AYhm C{μ-mbn thZw
{]Io¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. `{Zw A`{Zw F∂o hn`mKw sNøp-∂Xv ΩpsS
]cn-an-X-amb _p≤n-sIm≠msW¶n¬ AhnsS sX‰p-]-‰mw, hgn-]n-g-
°mw. bmYm¿∞ysØ bmYm¿∞y-ambn ImWm≥ Ign-™n-s√∂p
hcmw. Aßns hgn ]ng®p t]mhmpw aXn. CXv hcm-Xn-cn-°m≥
c≠v am¿§tabp≈p. H∂v km[--bn¬ hfsc Db¿∂ ne-bn¬
FØn® Hcm-fm-bn-cn-°Ww. As√-¶-n¬ {]⁄m-{]-kmZw F∂
tbmK-imkv{Xw ]d-bp∂ B Ap-{Klw In´-Ww. thZ-Øn¬ ]d-
bp∂ C{μs‚ Ap-{K-lw- X-s∂-bmWv Cu {]⁄m-{]-km-Zw,
AXmWv kpK-a-hpw -kp-c-£n-X-hp-amb hgn. Cu a{¥-Øn¬ {]m¿∞n-
°p-∂Xv {]kvXpX Ap-{K-l-hn-tijw ¬Ip-hm-m-Wv. _ln¿Ωp-
J-∑mcpw km[--bn¬ Db¿∂ ne-tSm≥ `mKyw In´mØ
RßfpsS IqSn a v (tm A]n) `{Zm-`n-ap-J-ambn Xncn-bs´ F∂m-
W-t√m {]m¿∞-. Xs‚ A]q¿Æ-Xsb Adn-™p-sIm≠v Xs∂
]cn-]q¿Æ-X-a-mb Cuiz-c-tmSv sNøp-∂ {]m¿∞--bmWnXv.
CØcw {]m¿∞-bv°v i‡n hfsc IqSpw. Cuiz-cs‚ k¿Δ-i-
‡n-Xz-Øns‚ apºn¬ Xm≥ H∂p-a√ F∂-X-ncn-®-dnhv `‡n-km-[-
-bnse Hcp henb Adn-hm-Wv. Cu Adn-hns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ Pohn-
X-bm-Ym¿∞y-ßsf hne-bn-cp-Øp-tºmƒ Hcp Imcyw hy‡-amIp-
∂p. Cuiz-cs‚ kºq¿Æ-c-£bv°v t_m[-]q¿Δw hnt[-b-am-hpI

36. 36 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
F∂-Xns‚ An-hm-cy-X-bm-W-Xv. t_m[-]q¿Δw hnt[-b-am-hpI
F∂-Xnv {]tXy-I-X-bp-≠v. Adn-™mepw Adn-™n-s√-¶nepw Poh≥
Cuiz-c-p kºq¿Æ-hn-t[-b-m-Wv. PohnXw Cuiz-cs‚ kq{X-[m-
c-Xz-Øn-∂-p-k-cn®v Nen-°p∂ Hcp hnNn{X {]{In-bbpam-Wv. CX-
dn-bp∂ sshZn-I-Ejn Pohn-X-hn-P-b-Øn∂v _mly-amb Ah-ew-_-
ß-fpsS ]n∂mse HmSn∏mbp-∂n-√. ]c-am-h[n Xo{h-Xbn¬ Cuiz-
cm-ew-_ t_m[w ne-n¿Øn-sIm-≠p-t]m-Im≥ {]m¿∞-m-]q¿Δw
]cn-{i-an-°p-∂p. thZ-Øn¬ Hcp a{¥-Øn¬ Ejn Bh¿Øn-®m-
h¿Øn®v {]m¿∞n-°p-∂Xv Cßn-s-bm-Wv. ""At·ktJy amcnjm
amhbw Xh''˛A√tbm A·n-tZhm Ahn-SpsØ Iq´p-sI-´p-s≠-¶n¬
Rßsf B¿°pw D]-{Z-hn-°m≥ Ign-bn-√'. h-[m-`-‡n-bn¬ kJyw
Bfl-n-th-Z--Øn∂p sXm´p-Xm-sg-bp≈ ]Sn-bm-Wv. B kJy-
Øns‚ kzcq-]-sa∂mWv ta¬tN¿Ø a{¥-]-Z-Ønse HSp-hnse
c≠p ]Z-߃ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. ""hbw Xh''˛AXm-bXv R߃
Ahn-Sp-sØ-bmWv F∂ t_m[-amWv AXv. Cu t_m[-Øns‚ ]q¿-
Æ-X-bn¬ PohnXw km¿∞-I-ambn. Poh≥ inh-m-bn. Ima-Zm-k≥
cma-Zm-k-m-bn.
_ln¿Ωp-J-∑mcpw Ign-hp-Ip-d-™-h-cp-amb Rß-fpsS a- n-
tbpw Iq´n Ahn-Sp∂v k∑m¿§-Øn-eqsS k©-cn-∏n-°tW F∂
{]m¿∞--bn¬ Xs‚ Aev]-⁄-Xbpw Cuiz-cs‚ k¿Δ-⁄-Xbpw
{]tXy-I-ambn shfn-hm-°p-∂p-≠v F∂-Xn-m¬ Cu {]m¿∞ kJy-
`m-h-Øn--r-kr-X-amb {]m¿∞ Xs∂ F∂p hy‡-am-Wv.
ta¬∏-d™ atm-`m-h-tØm-sS A¥¿am¿§-Øn¬ apt∂-dp-
tºmƒ as‰mcp bmYm¿∞yw IqSn km[-Iv shfn-s∏-Sp-∂p. Cuiz-
c≥ ¬Ip-∂-sX√mw √-XmWv; √-Xn-mWv F∂ t_m[-am-W-
Xv. Fßn-s-bmWv Cu t_m[w hcnI F∂v ap°v A¤pXw
tXm∂mw. ImcWw ΩpsS nXym-p-`hw tsc adn-®m-sW∂Xp
Xs∂. Hmtcm Znh-k-tØbpw kw`-h-ßsf hni-I-ew sNbvXm¬
Xn°v lnX-ß-fmb Ap-`-h-ß-sf-°mƒ An-jvShpw A{]n-b-hp-
am-b-h-bmWv Gsd F∂p hy‡-am-hpw. At∏mƒ F√mw Ap-Iqew
F∂Xv Fßns AwKo-I-cn-°m≥ ]‰pw.
icn-Xs∂ ap°v An-jvS-am-b-h-bmWv Gsd F∂p IqSn ]cn-
tim-[n-t°-≠n-h-cp-∂ ΩpsS lrkz-Zr-jvSn-sIm≠v ImWp∂ Hcp
Ime-]-cn-K-W--bmWv Cu am-Z-fi-Øn--Sn-ÿmw F∂Xv ntj-
[n-°m≥ ]‰n-√. F∂m¬ ΩpsS Pohn-XsØ ka-{K-ambn FSpØv

37. `{Z {]m¿∞ 37
hni-I-ew sNøm-p≈ Ignhv ap-°p-≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ C∂sØ
AnjvS߃ ]eXpw AnjvSw F∂p IcpXmhp∂-X-√ F∂v
sXfn-bpw. PohnXw ka-{K-ambn ho£n-°m-p≈ {Im¥-ZrjvSn ap-
°v Cs√-¶n¬Øs∂ Ap-`-hn®p Ign™ PohnXw Ime-Øns‚
Hcp hnim-e-ho-£Ww In´n-bmepw CXv icn-sh-°m≥ hnj-a-ap-≠mhp-
Ibn-√. PohnXw Ap-`-h-ß-fpsS nc-¥c{]hm-l-am-Wv. hmkvX-h-
Øn¬ AXv Hcp Pohn-X-Im-e-L-´-Øn¬ am{Xw HXp-ßn-n¬°p-∂-
X-√ F∂m-Wv A∏p-dhpw C∏p-dhpw Hcpt]mse ImWp∂ ao-jn-
Iƒ ]d-bp-∂X.v FÆ-a‰ P∑-]-c-º-c-I-fnse Hcp IÆn am{X-amWv
ΩpsS C∂sØ Pohn-Xw. AXns‚ XpS°w Hcp Ahy-‡-X-bn¬
n∂m-Wv. Ah-km-n-°p-∂-Xpw-Hcp Ahy-‡-Øn¬ Xs∂. c≠v
Ahy-‡-߃°n-S-bn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp hy‡m-hÿ-am-{X-amWv
ΩpsS Pohn-Xw. AXns‚ ka{K hni-I-e--Øn¬ ap°v C∂v
√-sX∂pw `-{Z-sa∂pw tXm∂p-∂-sXm-∂pw Aßn-s-b√; icn-bmb
∑bpw `{Zm-h-ÿbpw at‰tXm H∂mWv F∂v Ap-am-n-°m≥
Ign-bpw. Cu Ap-amw Zo¿LZ¿in-I-fmb apn-am¿°v t]mepw
D≠m-hp-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ ka-{K-Z¿in-Ifpw kym-km-p-`q-Xn- kº-∂-
∑m-cmb Ejo-iz-c-∑m-cpsS Ap`hw F¥mhpw. Ah¿ n w-ibw
{]Jym-]n°pw "`{ZmC{μ-kym-c-mXbx' F∂v. Cuiz-c≥ ¬Ip-∂-
sX√mw √-XmWv F∂¿∞w. {]]-©-hy-h-lm-c-Øn¬ ap-°p-≠m-
hp∂ Ap-`-h-ß-sf√mw √-Xm-bmepw NoØ-bm-bmepw F√mw
Cuiz-c≥ Xcp-∂-XmWv F∂v Aev]w Btem-Nn-°p-∂-h¿s°√mw
Ad-nbmw. k¿Δ-⁄-mb Cuiz-c≥ kIe Ncm-N-c-ßfsSbpw
∑sb am{Xw Imw£n-°p-∂-h-m-Wv. AXn-m¬ Cuiz-c≥ ¬Ip-
∂-sX¥pw ∑-bvs°-B-hp-I-bp-≈p. bp‡n-sIm≠v CsX√mw kΩ-
Xn-®mepw ]e Ap-`-h-ßfpw ISpØ Zpcn-X-ambn tXm∂p-∂p-≠v
F∂ kXyw ImWm-Xn-cn-°m≥ hø. Cu hntcm-[m-`m-k-Øns‚
{]Xn-n[n a- ns ip≤o-I-cn-°en-eqsS hcp∂ ]cn-h¿Ø--am-
Wv. Chn-sS-bmWv ssZwZn--{]m¿∞bpsS {]k-‡n. {]m¿∞
Cuizc-tm-Sm-sW-¶nepw ChnsS a- ns ]Tn-∏n-°¬ IqSn-bm-
WXv. a v Cuiz-cs‚ hn`q-Xnbm-W-t√m. "C{μn-bmWmw a-
›mkvan' F∂v KoXm-Nm-cy≥ ]d-bp-∂p-≠-t√m. C{μn-b-ß-fn¬ a--
mWv Rm≥ F∂ B hN--Øns‚ ASn-ÿm--Øn¬ a- ns
]cn-h¿Øw sNøm-p≈ imkv{Xo-bhpw kpK-a-hp-amb hgn Cuiz-
c-{]m¿∞--bm-Wv. Cu teJ--Øns‚ BZyw sImSpØ a{¥-amWv
Ejn-k-Ω-X-amb Cuiz-c-{]m¿∞-. B {]m¿∞--sIm≠v ]cn-

38. 38 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
h¿Øw h∂ a v ImWp-∂Xpw tIƒ°p-∂Xpw F√mw `{Z-
ambn amdpw. AXp-sIm≠v Pohn-X-Øn¬ im¥n-k-am-[m--߃ IqSp-
X-embn Ap-`-h-s∏-Sm≥ XpS-ßpw. apº-n-√mØ Hcp im¥n Xs‚
Np‰pw D≈-Xmbn tXm∂pw. Aßs ]cn-h¿Øw h∂ Hcp temI-
sØ Abmƒ°v Z¿in-°m≥ Ign-bpw. temI-Øn-√ Xs‚ a- n-
mWv ]cn-h¿Øw h∂Xv F∂v Xma-kn-bmsX Abmƒ {Kln-
°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
"bmZr-tK-h-Z-Zr--ti- XmZr--Kp-NytX' (E) I≠-Xp-t]mse ]d-bp∂p
F∂¿∞w.
b⁄-kw-kvImcw˛-
A-Xns‚ {]k‡n
b⁄-kw-kvIm-chpw `mc-Xo-b-cpsS Pohn-X-co-Xnbpw XΩn¬ At`-
Zy-amb _‘-ap-≠v. `mc-XobkwkvIr-Xn-bpsS kph¿Æ-Imew h∂-
t∏m-sg√mw b⁄-kw-kvImcw hnImkw {]m]n-®ncp∂Xmbn
ImWmw. `mc-Xo-b-k-ap-Zm-b-Øns‚ A]-Nbw h∂-t∏msg√mw b⁄-
kw-kvImcw mtim-∑p-J-amb Ah-ÿ-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p F∂v Ncn{Xw
]Tn-®m-e-dn-bmw.
ΩpsS kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ Poh-m-Un-bmWv Cu b⁄-kw-kvIm-
c-sa-¶n¬ AXp F¥m-sW∂pw AXp-sIm≠v F¥p-^-e-am-Wp-≠mhp-
I-sb∂pw Adn-bm≥ Hmtcm `mc-Xo-bpw Ah-Im-i-ap-≠v. b⁄-
sØ-∏‰n icn-bmb t_m[w P-km-am-y-Øn∂v D≠m-°n-s°m-Sp-
°p-I-sb-∂Xv F{Xbpw AXym-h-iy-am-Wv.
b⁄w, bmKw F∂o ]Z-߃ ]cym-b-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-®p-h-cm-
dp-s≠-¶nepw AXns‚ hni-Z-amb A¿∞-Øn¬ Ahbv°v XΩn¬
Aev]w A¿∞-hy-Xym-k-ap-≠v. b⁄-kw-kvIm-c-Øn¬ Ap-jvTm-
-cq-]-amWv bmKw. bmK-Øns‚ `mh-m-k-{º-Zm-b-amWv b⁄w.
Imem-¥-c-Øn¬ Hcp ]t£ bmKw Ap-jvTn-°m≥ Bfn-√msX
hcp∂Xnm¬ AkvX-{]m-b-am-sb-∂p- h-cmw. F∂m¬ b⁄-`m-
h ap-jys‚ hy‡n-Xz-Ønse DZm-Ø-h-i-ß-sf {]Xn-n-[mw
sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v AXv in-°p-I-bn-√. ep]vX-{]m-b-am-hp-Itb-
bp≈p. b⁄-kw-kvImcw in-°m-Øn-S-tØmfw Imew bmK-hn-

39. b⁄-kw-kvImcw˛-A-Xns‚ {]k‡n 39
[nsb ]px-kr-jvSn-®p ne-n¿Øm-m-hpw. adn®v tIhew bmK-hn-
[nsb am{Xw ne-n¿Øn-t∏m-∂-Xp-sIm≠v b⁄-kw-kvIm-csØ
]px-kr-jvSn-°m-m-hn-√. {XnIm-e-⁄-∑m-cmb Ejo-iz-c-∑m¿°v CX-
dn-bmw. Cu alXzw Adn-™p-sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bmWv Ah¿ b⁄-
kw-kvIm-csØ a{¥-{_m-“-W-kw-kvIm-c-Øn¬ kwc-£n-®-Xv.
tIc-f-Øn¬ ssP-_p-≤-a-X-߃ sImSn-Ip-Øn-hmW Hcp Ime-
ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B Ime-L-´-Øn¬ b⁄-kw-kvImcw Xosc A{]-
Xy-£-am-bn. Cu Assh-Zn-I-kw-kvIm-c-ßfpsS ]n≥hm-ß-en-p-
tijw tIc-f-Ønse b⁄-kw-kvIm-c-a-p-k-cn®v bmKm-p-jvTm-
sØ kwhn-[mw sNbvXv Ap-jvTn-®Xv tag-tØmƒ A·n-tlm-
{Xn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Aam-p-j-{]-Xn-`-bmb At±lw sXmÆq-s‰mºXv
bmKw sNbvXp F∂mWv {]kn-≤n. qdm-asØ bmKw XpS-ßp-∂-
Xn∂p apºmbn bt⁄-iz-c≥ C{μ-tm-sSm∏w {]Xy-£-s∏´v Ap-
{K-ln-®p. Aßv Cu bmKw sNømsX Xs∂ Atßbv°v AXns‚
^ew kn≤n-°pw. Fs‚ {]tXyI Ap-{K-l-Øm¬ Aß-bpsS
bmK-Øn¬ ]s¶-SpØ EXzn-°p-Iƒ°p IqSn Cn bmKw sNømsX
bmK-Øns‚ ]q¿Æ-^ew In´pw. ]ns∂ Aß-bpsS IY ]d-bm-
pt≠m? `K-hms‚ Cu Ap-{K-l-h-N--Øn¬ hniz-kn®v At±lw
]n∂oSv bmKw- sNøpI-bp-≠m-bn-√. AjvS-Kr-l-Øn¬ BVy-∑m¿
F∂p {]kn-≤-cmb F´p IpSpw-_-°mcmWt{X A·n-tlm-{Xn-bpsS
sXmÆq-s‰m-ºXv bmK-Ønepw EXzn-°p-I-fm-b-Xv. Ah¿ C∂pw bmKw
sNøm-dn-√. sNø-cpXv F∂√ sNtø≠ F∂p am{Xw.
jvS-s∏´ bmK-hn[n tag-tØmƒ A·n-tlm{Xn°v ]px ÿm]n-
°m≥ km[n-®Xv b⁄-kw-kvIm-csØ hni-Z-am-°p∂ `mK-߃
kwlnXm {_m“-W-ß-fn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv. b⁄-kw-
kvIm-c-am-Ip∂ shÆ thZ-am-Ip∂ ]men¬ n∂p kwkvIcn-s®-Sp-
Ø-XmW.v AXns Dcp°n søm-°n-bXmWv bmK-hn-[n-Iƒ. AXpw
Nne-t∏mƒ D≠m-Ipw, C√m-Xm-Ipw. F∂m¬ b⁄-kw-kvIm-c-Øn∂v
Cu `mc-X-`q-an-bn¬ DZ-bm-kvX-a-b-ß-fn-√.
F∂m¬ Cu b⁄-kw-kvImcw F¥v F∂-Xn-s-°p-dn®v an°-
hcpwt]cpw A⁄-cm-Wv. AXn-m¬ b⁄w F∂m¬ bmKm-p-
jvT-m-sa∂mWv an°-h-cp-sS-bpw -[m-c-W. kzm¿∞m-l-¶m-c-߃°v
ASn-a-s∏´ ap-jy≥ F¥p-sN-øp-∂Xpw Xn°pw Xs‚ Bfp-
Iƒ°pw th≠n-bm-Wv. B k¶p-Nn-X-amb afi-e-Øn¬ n∂v
nkzm¿∞XbpsS hnime-ta-J-e-bn-tebv°v ]d-∂p-b-cm-p≈ A`ym-

40. 40 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
k-amWv b⁄w F∂p ]d-™m¬ sX‰n-√. bmsXmcp tem]hpw
IqSmsX a{¥-X-{¥-ß-tfmsS Ap-jvTn-®p-h-cp∂ b⁄-kw-ÿ-
bn¬n∂v Cu nkzm¿∞-X-bv°p≈ ]cn-io-ew Fß-s-bmWv
e`n-°pIsb∂v i¶n-°p-∂-h¿ Ht´-sd-bp-≠v. Ah¿°v Imcyw a-
n-em-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-hm≥ BZyw th≠Xv b⁄-sØ-°p-dn®v kwln-
Xm-{_m-“-W-ß-fnepw a‰pw ]d™ XXz-߃ P-a-≤y-Øn¬ hmcn-
hn-X-dp-I-bmWv. AXn¬n∂v b⁄-sØ-°p-dn®v km[m-c-W-
°m¿°p≈ A⁄X oßn-°n-´pw. ]n∂oSv Ap-jvTm--hn-[n-sb-
bpw -A-Xm-Xn-tm-S-p-_-‘n-®p≈ a{¥-ß-sfbpw ]Tn-°p-tºmƒ
b⁄-kw-ÿsb AYhm b⁄-kw-kvIm-csØ ne-n¿Øp-hm≥
bmKm-p-jvT-mw Fßs D]-I-cn-°p∂p F∂v hy‡-am-hpw. ap°v
AXns H∂p hni-I-ew sNbvXp tm°mw.
b⁄-kw-kvIm-csØ kzmwio-I-cn-°m-p≈ ]cn-{i-a-Øn¬
AXnse Kl--X-Xz-ßsf Ap-jvTm--Øn-eqsS Nn{Xo-I-cn-®p {Kln-
∏n-°p-∂-Xn-m-Wt√m bmKw F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. bmKw sNøp∂
hy‡nsb bP-am-≥ F∂mWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv. bP-am-≥ F∂p am{Xta
]d-bp-∂p-≈p. F¥ns‚ bP-am-≥ F∂v AhnsS hy‡-am-°p-∂n-
√. ImcWw AXv F√mh¿°p-a-dn-bm-hp∂ Hcp kXy-am-Wv. atm-
_p-≤o-{μn-b-ß-fpsS ta¬ nb-{¥Ww In´n-bn-´p≈ Bƒt° bmKw
th≠-t]mse Ap-jvTn-°m≥ Ign-bp. C{μn-b-a-- p-I-fpsS Zmk-
∑m¿°v tZh-k-∂n-[n-bn¬ Ccn-°mtm AXn¬n-∂p≈ alXzw
Dƒs°m-≈mtm Ign-I-bn-√. a{¥-tZ-h-X-I-fpsS lrZ-b-]q¿Δ-I-amb
XmZm-fly-amWv b⁄-Øns‚ hnP-b-Øn∂v H∂m-a-Xmbn th≠-Xv.
AXn-m¬ Bfl-n-b-{¥Ww In´n-b- B-fm-hWw bP-am-≥ F∂v
hy‡-am-bn.
bPam-s‚ A¿l-Xbv°pw Ign-hp-p-samØ Hcp {]h¿Ø-I-
kw-L-sØ-°qSn Xøm-dm-°m≥ Ign-™-mte {]hr-Øn-bpsS ]q¿ÆX
ssIh-cn-°m≥ Ign-bp. bP-ams‚ Ign-hp-sIm-≠p-am{Xw bmKm-p-
jvTmw S-Øm-m-hn-√. Adn-hnepw A¿l-X-bnepw kam--∑m-cmb
Hcp kwLw IqSntb Ign-bq. Ah-sc-bmWv EXzn-°p-Isf∂p ]d-bp-
∂-Xv. Cu EXzn-°p-Isf bP-am-≥ Xn°v klm-bn-I-fmbn _lp-
am--]q¿Δw hcn-°-Ww. bP-ams‚ hn-b-]q¿Δ-amb A`y¿∞
nc-kn-°m≥ Ah¿°p Ign-bm-Xn-cn-°-Ø° hn[-Øn¬ kuay-a-
[p-c-amb hm°p-I-tfmsS Ahsc hcn-°-Ww. {]Pm-]Xn krjvSn-
bpsS Bcw-`-Øn¬ S-Ønb b⁄-Øn¬ kqcy-N-{μ-]¿÷-ymZn

41. b⁄-kw-kvImcw˛-A-Xns‚ {]k‡n 41
tZh-X-Isf EXzn-°mbn hcn® AtX atm-`m-h-tØm-sS-bmWv bP-
am≥ Xßsf hcn-°p-∂Xv F∂v tXm∂-Ø-°-hn[w A{X `hy-X-
tbmsS B kr-jvSn-b-⁄sØ Ap-kva-cn-®p-sIm≠pthWw EXzn-
°p-Isf hcn-°m≥. kl-{]-h¿Ø-I∑msc BZ-cn®p _lp-am-n-°p-
∂Xv Ah-cpsS I¿Ω-ti-jnsb hf¿Øpw.
bmYm¿∞yw Adn-bp-∂-h-m-IWw bP-am≥. EXzn-°p-Isf hcn-
®-Xn-p-tijw kzbw Zo£n-X-m-hp-I-bmWv Cn bP-am-≥ sNtø-
≠-Xv. B Imcyw tSm≥ Abmƒ I® sI´n Cd-ßn F∂p km[m-
cW ]d-bm-dp-≠v. AXp-t]mse ]e-cp-sSbpw klmbtØmsS am{Xw
nd-th-‰m≥ Ign-bp∂Xpw Xs‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ Af-h‰ KpW-ssh-
in-jvSy-ß-fp-≠m-°p-∂Xpw temIm-p-{K-l-I-c-hp-amb Hcp
al¬kwcw-`-Øn∂v Xm≥ ]q¿Æ-ambpw Xøm-sd-SpØp Ign™p
F∂-XmWv Zo£n-X-m-hpI F∂-Xp-sIm≠v ChnsS Dt±-in-°p-∂-
Xv.
Xm≥ Hcp al¬Im-cy-Øn∂v Zo£n-X-mbn F∂Xv Hcp nanjw
t]mepw hnkva-cn-°msX AXn--p-tbm-Py-amb Ap-jvTm--hn-ti-
j-ß-tfmsS Ccn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mseXs∂ {][m--amWv ]pdsa ImWp-
∂-h¿°pw- C-bmƒ Ft¥m Hcp Imcy-Øn∂v Cd-ßn-∏p-d-s∏-´n-cn-°p-
I-bm-Wv F∂ t_m[-ap-f-hm-°m≥ X° thj-`q-j-W߃ AWn-
bp-∂Xpw. Zo£n-Xv Ap-k-cn® hkv{Xw IrjvWm-Pnw,
DjvWojw F∂nh ImWp-tºmƒ AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ Zo£n-XXzw
{]I-S-am-hpw. hm°pw hnNm-chpw {]hr-Ønbpw F√mw AXn--p-
kr-X-am-h-Ww.
Xm≥ Hcp-ßn, klm-bn-Isf Xnc-s™-Sp-Øp. Cn th≠Xv CXv
n¿Δ-ln-°m≥ th≠ [w kºm-Zn-°-em-Wv. kn-{Klw F∂
Hcp NS-ßn-eqsS CXmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. Hcp al¬ Imcyw sNø-W-
sa∂p tXm∂n-bm¬ At∏mƒØs∂ AXnv Hcp-ß-Ww. Bfp-I-
sf-sb√mw kwL-Sn-∏n®v D’m-ln-∏n-°-Ww. AXn-p-th-≠-Xmb
[w Fhn-sS-n∂p In´pw- F∂v H´pw hymIp-e-s∏-SmsX [¿Ω-n-
jvT-cmb [n-Isc kao-]n-°p-tºmƒ Bh-iy-Øn-e-[nIw [w {]h-
ln-°pw. CXv {]Ir-Xn-n-b-a-am-Wv. [¿Ω-kz-cq-]-mb `K-hms‚ h£-
n-em-Wt√m e£vao-tZ-hn-bpsS hmkw. `K-hm≥ H∂p Iev]n-®m¬
e£vao-tZhn F¥pw sNøm≥ Xøm-dm-hpw. Cu ZrV-hn-izm-k-ap≈
ΩpsS ]q¿Δn-I¿ ]Ww D≠m-bn´v √ Imcy߃ sNømw F∂p
hnNm-cn-°m-dn-√. √ Imcyw sNø-W-sa∂p tXm∂n-bm¬ AXnv

42. 42 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
Hcp-ßpw. H´pw hnjaw IqSmsX AXnpth≠{X [w h∂p-tN-cp-
Ibpw sNøpw.
F¥p-I¿Ωhpw Bcw-`n-°p-∂-Xnv apºv hy‡-amb e£y-t_m[w
D≠mh-Ww. CXp-sIm≠v C∂n∂ {]tbm-P--amWv Dt±-in-°p-∂-
sX∂pw AXv Xn°pw temI-Øn∂pw AXy¥w lnX-I-c-am-
sW∂pw bp‡n-]q¿Δw Nn¥n-®p-d-∏n-bv°-Ww. Cßs Hcp ZrV-
k-¶ev]w sNøp-∂-Xnv Ejn-`m-j-bn¬ BIq-Xym-th-Zw F∂mWv
]d-bp-∂-Xv. ZrV-k-¶-ev]sØ BZ-c-thmsS ssIs°m-≈pI
F∂¿∞w.
ΩpsS Hmtcm {]hr-Øn-bnepw ZrjvShpw AZr-jvS-hp-amb ]e-
L-S-I-ß-fpw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂p-≠m-hpw. I≠-dn-bm≥ Ign-bp-∂-h-sb-
°p-dn®v B¿°pw hyXy-kvXm-`n-{]mbw D≠m-hm-n-S-bn-√. ImWm≥
Ign-bmØ AZr-jvS-amb LS-I-ß-sf-°p-dn®v Aß-s-b√ ]e¿°pw.
AXn¬ kwi-bhpw hn]-co-X-`m-hbpw D≠m-hpw. I¿a-]q¿Øo-I-
c-W-Øn-∂p-apºv AXv XnI®pw Hgn-hm-°m≥ Ffp-∏-a-√. AXnv Htc
Hcp hgntbbp≈p. _p≤n-sIm≠pw {]Xn-`-sIm≠pw F√mw sΩ-
°mƒ F{Xtbm Db¿∂ Xe-Øn¬ h¿Øn-bv°p∂ ΩpsS ]q¿Δn-
I¿ ]d-™Xpw Ap-`-hn-®-Xp-amb Imcy-߃ Ak-Xy-am-hn-√ F∂
ZrV-n-›-bw. AXn-mWv {i≤ F∂p ]d-bp-∂X.v kXy-Z¿in-bmb
Kpcphpw ktXym¬t_m-[-I-ß-fmb imkv{X-ß-fpw ]d-bp-∂
kwKXnIsfm∂pw Ak-Xy-am-hn√ F∂ ]q¿Æ-amb Dd∏v BWv
{i≤. AXn-√msX ^e-kn-≤n-bp-≠m-hn√ F∂v {io i¶-cm-Nm-
cykzman-Iƒ hnth-I-Nq-Um-a-Wn-bn¬ ]d-™n-´p-≠v. Cu {]kn-≤-Kp-
W-amb {i≤ GXp I¿Ω-Øns‚ ]q¿Øo-I-c-W-Øn∂pw An-hm-
cy-am-Wv. {i≤ Cuiz-cs‚ Hcp hnin-jvS-hn-`q-Xn-bm-Wv. AXn-tmSv
ΩpsS lrZ-b-Øn-tebv°v Hs∂-gp-∂-≈tW F∂p {]m¿∞n-°p-
Itb nhr-Øn-bp-≈p. AXmWv bmK-Øns‚ {]kn-≤-amb {i≤m-
lzmw F∂ I¿Ωw.

43. Zo£n-tXmkn 43
""Zo£n-tXmkn''
bt⁄m tZhmmw
{]tXyXn kpavw
F∂ EtKz-Z-h-N--Øn¬ Hcp hnin-jvS-X-Xz-sØ-bmWv shfn-
s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. hnin-jvS-Kp-W-k-º-∂-∑m-cmb Znhy-]p-cp-j-∑m¿°v
b⁄w imiz-X-amb kpJsØ {]Zmw sNøp-∂p. hnin-jvS-Kp-W-
k-º-∂X F∂m¬ ΩpsS F√m √ hi-ßfpw Hcm-fn¬ {]Im-
in-°pI F∂¿∞w. Aßn-s-bp≈ Hcp hy‡n KoX-bpsS `mj-
bn¬ ssZhn-I-Kp-W-k-º-∂-m-Wv. b⁄w Cu ssZhn-I-Kp-W-k-º-
∂-∑m-cmb hy‡n-Iƒ°mWv kpJw {]Zmw sNøp-∂-Xv. b⁄w
¬Ip∂ Cu Af-h‰ kpJw F¥mWv? `uXn-I-amb t´-ß-
fn¬n∂v kn≤n-°p∂ Hcp kmam-y-KpWam-bn-cn-°n√ AXv F∂v
ap°v Ap-am-n-°mw. Fs¥-∂m¬ b⁄w F∂m¬ AXn-hn-in-
jvS-amb Hcp Ap-jvTm--co-Xn-bp-sSbpw am-kn-I-kw-kvIm-c-Øn-
s‚bpw t]cm-Wv. b⁄-Ønv Ap-k-cn®v AXv Ap-jvTm--
Øn¬sIm-≠p-h-cp∂ Hcp hy‡n temI-cw-KØv G‰hpw i‡pw
{]iw-k-o-b-p-am-bn-cn-°pw. ImcWw B hnin-jvS-hy-‡n°v Xt‚-
Xmb Hcp kzm¿∞-Xm¬]cyhpan√ F∂p am{X-a√ ]cm¿∞-amb
{]hr-Øn-bn¬ Af-h‰ Xm¬]cyap≈-h-p-am-bn-cn-°pw. b⁄w
sNøp∂ bP-am-s‚ Znhy-k-¶ev]w Xt‚-Xm-Ip∂ Cu hkvXp-°-
sf√mw Cuiz-c-s‚-XmWv; Xt‚-X√ F∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. AXns‚ DZv`q-
X-amb Ap-c-W--amWv b⁄-Øn¬ AtIw XhW Bh¿Øn-
°p∂ ""A·tb CZw aa'' F∂ a{¥w. A·n-°mWv CXv Fn-
°√ F∂¿∞w. tlmaw sNøp-∂ {Zhyw F¥p-X-s∂-bm-bmepw
AXn-s-°p-dn-®p≈ k¶ev]w CXm-Wv. At∏mƒ Cu k¶ev]w
Hcp ap-jy-n¬ ZrVo-I-cn-°-s∏-´m¬ Abm-fpsS kzm¿∞m-l-¶m-c-
߃ {ItaW aßn ad-bpw. ]tcm-]-Im-c-X¬∏-c-Xbpw AtXm-S-p-
_-‘n®v hnin-jvS-Kp-W-ß-fpw sXfn™p hcn-Ibpw sNøpw. Cu
{]{Inb Bh¿Øn-°p-t¥mdpw AXv a- ns‚ At_m-[-X-e-ß-
fntebv°v IS-°pw. GsXm-cm-i-bhpw a- ns‚ At_m-[-X-e-ß-
fn-te°v IS-∂m¬ kz`m-h-ambn amdpw. Xt‚-sX∂ ne-bn¬ Hcp
hkvXp-hn-sbpw Abmƒ°v ssIhiw hbv°m≥ Ign-bn-√. Cn
AYhm ssIhiw h®m¬ Xs∂ Hcp kq£n-∏p-Im-c≥ F∂ ne-

44. 44 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
bn¬ Bbn-cn-°pw. alm-flm-Km‘n At±lØns‚ al-Ømb Z¿i-
temI-Øn¬ [n-I-∑m-sc√mw Ap-h¿Øn-t°-≠-Xmb {SÃo-jn∏v
kn≤m-¥-sØ-∏‰n ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. AXm-bXv temI-Øn∂v apgp-h≥
Ah-Im-i-s∏´ [-w th≠-t]mse kwc-£n®v th≠-co-Xn-bn¬ hnn-
tbm-Kn-°m≥ Cuiz-c≥ n›-bn® Hcp hy‡n-bmWv [n-I≥
F∂mWv CXn-¿∞w. tImSo-iz-c-∑m-cmb [n-I-∑m-sc√mw Xß-
fpsS ssIhiw h∂p-tN¿∂ [w Cu atm-`m-h-tØmsS hnn-
tbm-Kn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv C∂p mw sIm´n-tLm-jn-°p∂ tkm-
jy-en-khpw XΩn¬ Hcp hyXym-khpw C√. AXm-bXv t_m[-
]q¿Δw Cu [-Øns‚ kwc-£-I-mWv F∂p Icp-Xp-∂Xpw n¿∫-
‘-]q¿Δw [n-I-n¬n∂v [w X´n-sb-SpØv AXv temI--∑-
bv°mbn F∂-t]mse hnX-cWw sNøp-∂Xpw XΩn¬ AP-K-
Pm¥cw D≠v. ΩpsS tkmjy-enkw hy‡n-bpsS Xm¬∏-
cysØbpw Ah-Im-i-sØbpw hne-a-Xn-°p-∂n-√. F∂m¬ Km‘n-
bpsS {SÃn-jn∏v kn≤m¥w hy‡nsb _lp-am--]q¿Δw Hcp D∂-
X-th-Zn-bn¬ Ccp-Øp-∂p. Abm-fpsS t_m[-]q¿Δ-amb XymK-a-tm-
`mhw temI-Øn∂pw Abmƒ°pw amXr-I-bm-Ip-∂p. At∏mƒ
tkmjy-enÃv kn≤m-¥-tØ-°mƒ {SÃn-jn∏v kn≤m-¥-Øn∂v Hcp
]Sntase n¬°m≥ Ign-bpw F∂p ImWmw. Cu {SÃn-jn∏v
kn≤m¥w hmkvX-h-Øn¬ ΩpsS b⁄-kw-kvIm-c-Øn¬n∂pw
Df-hmb Hcp B[p-n-I-Nn-¥m-K-Xn-bm-Wv. B Nn¥m-KXn AXns‚
kq£va-hn-i-I-e--Øn¬ ap°v Gh¿°pw ]‰n-bXpw `mc-X-kw-
kvIm-c-Øn∂v Ap-tbm-Py-amb Hcp ]≤-Xn-bm-sW∂v ImWmw. Cu
b⁄-kw-kvIm-csØ b⁄-kw-kvImcw F∂ t]cn-es√¶nepw
ΩpsS B[p-n-I-Nn-¥-I-∑m¿ _lp-am-mZc-]q¿Δw ]Tn-®n-´p-≠v.
F∂m¬ AXv ΩpsS Nnc-]p-cm-X--amb B¿j-k-{º-Zm-b-Øn¬
n∂pw DZv`q-X-ambXmWv F∂v Icp-Xm≥ X° ]cm-a¿i-ß-sfm∂pw
Ah-cpsS {]Xn-]m-Z--ß-f-n¬ ImWn-√. b⁄-kw-kvImcw kap-Zm-
b-Øns‚ D∂-X-t{i-Wn-bn¬ am{Xw h¿Øn-®p-h-cp∂ H∂m-bn-cp∂p
ASp-Ø-Im-ew-h-sc. b⁄w F∂p tI´m¬ H∂p-In¬ ]ip-lnwk
S-Øphm-p≈ Hcp {]mIr-X-I¿Ωw As√-¶n¬ kh¿Æ-ta-[m-hn-
Xz-Øns‚ Xm¬∏-cy-ßsf Ac-°n-´p-d-∏n-°m-p≈ Hcp ]cn-{iaw
F∂ ne-bn¬ A√msX `mc-X-kw-kvIm-c-Øns‚ ASn-Ø-d-bmWv
AXv F∂ ne-bn¬ I≠n-´n-√. AXv Cu hnin-jvS-kw-kvIm-c-
Øns‚ tZmj-a-√, AXv ssIImcyw sN-øp∂ ΩpsS Ign-hptISpw
Zo¿L-ho-£-W-an-√m-bva-bp-am-Wv. Cu ]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ Hgn-hm°n b⁄-

45. Zo£n-tXmkn 45
kw-kvIm-csØ AXns‚ X-Xmb {]`m-h-e-b-Øn¬°≠v _lp-
am-n-°m≥ ap°v Ign-bp-tºmtg ΩpsS `mc-X-`q-an-bpsS hnin-jvS-
ss]-XrIw F¥v F∂pw AXv C∂v F{X I≠v {]i-kvX-amWv
F∂v Adn-bmpw ap°v Ign--bpI-bp≈p. B coXn-bn-ep≈ Hcp
o°w C∂v Nne afi-e-ß-fn¬ ImWp-∂p≠v F∂Xv G‰hpw
ipt`m-Z¿°-am-Wv. AXv IqSp-X¬ hf¿® {]m]n®v km^-ey-a-S-bs´
F∂v ap°v {]m¿∞n-°mw.
"Zo£n-tXmkn Zo£n-X-hmNw hZ'
tkma-bm-K-Ønse bP-am--Zo-£-bn¬ bP-am≥ Zo£-mkw-kvIm-
c-sØ∏‰n ]d-™p-sIm-Sp-°p∂ a{¥-Øns‚ Bcw-`-amWnXv. Aßv
Zo£n-X-mbn Zo£n-Xv tbmPn® hm°-p-Iƒ am{Xta ]d-bmhq
F∂-XmWv Cu hmIy-Øns‚ A¿∞w. At©m Btdm Znhkw
o≠p-n¬°p∂ bmK-Øn¬ bP-am-≥ Ap-jvTn-t°≠ Nn´h´-
ß-sf-∏‰n ]d-bp∂ hmIy-ß-sf-°p-dn®v ap-s°-¥mWv Nn¥n-°m-
p-≈-sX∂v tXm∂mw. Cu Bdp-Zn-hkw F∂Xv Hcp ap-jym-bp-
t mfw o´p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Cu Pohn-X-a-lm-b⁄w hnP-b-I-c-ambn
n¿Δ-ln-°m≥ bP-am-≥ Ap-jvTn-t°≠ k{º-Zm-b-ß-f-mbn
CXns hn]p-e-s∏-Sp-ØpI-bm-sW-¶n¬ CXn¬ Ht´sd Nn¥n-°m-
p-≠v. Hcp {]tXyI Imcy-Øn-∂p-th≠n {]tXy-I-co-Xn-bn¬ AXv
n¿Δ-ln®v AXv hnP-b-{]-Z-am-°p-∂-Xn∂v th≠-Xmb BN-c-W-hn-
ti-j-߃ hy‡-ambpw KmV-ambpw Nn¥n®v Adn-tb-≠p-∂-h-bm-
Wv. ap-jym-bp- n¬ hn`n-∂-e-£y-߃°mbn Ht´sd b⁄-߃
n¿Δ-ln-t°-≠n-h-cpw. hnZym¿∞n°v hnZym-`ymkw ]q¿Æ-ambn
ssIh-cn-°pI F∂ e£y-Øn-∂p-th≠n ]cn-{i-an-°pI F∂
b⁄w BN-cnt® Xocp. DtZym-K-ÿv kz¥w Ign-hn-smØv Xs∂
Gev]n® {]hrØn DØ-c-hm-Zn-ØztØm-sSbpw ]tcm-]-Im-cm¿∞-
ambpw sNbvXv ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°pI F∂Xv Hcp b⁄-am-Wv. Hcp
Krl-m-Y≥ `mcym-a-°sf c£n®v Ip´n-Isf th≠ hnZym-`ymkw
¬In kz¥w Imen¬ n¬°m-dm-°pI F∂-X-S°w Hcp-]mSv e£y-
߃ ]q¿Øo-I-cn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. AXpw Hcp b⁄w Xs∂-bm-Wv.
`c-Wm-[n-Im-cn°v cmPysØ t£ssa-iz-cy-ß-fneqsSap-t∂m´p bn-
°p-Ibpw P-߃°v Adnhpw [m¿Ωn-I-t_m-[hpw hf¿Øn-s°m-
≠p-h-cn-Ibpsa-∂Xv Hcp e£y-am-Wv. B e£y-Øn-∂mbn `c-Wm-
[n-Im-cnbpw Zo£n-X-m-Wv. Cßs GXp Xc-Øn-ep-≈-hcpw Ωƒ
Adn-™n-´-s√-¶n¬ IqSn e£y-Øn-∂p-th≠n Zo£n-°-s∏-´-h-cmWv.

46. 46 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
Npcp°n ]d-™m¬ Zo£n-X-∑m-c-√m-Ø-h¿ Bcp-an√ F∂m¬
Cßns Hcp Zo£n-X-`mhw ap-s°ms°bps≠∂pw Ω-sf√mw
Zo£n-X-∑m-cm-sW∂pw Ω-sfm´v Adn-bp-∂p-an-√. AXp-sIm-≠mWv
e£y-{]m-]vXnbv°v hnLm-X-amb coXn-bn¬ mw ]eXpw sNbvXp
t]mIp-∂-Xv. CXv ap-jy-cm-in°v s]mXp-sh-bp≈ Hcp ssh]-coXy-
am-Wv. AXn-m¬ thZ-am-Xmhv ASn-°Sn sΩ-sb√mw D]-tZ-in-°p-
I-bm-Wv. "Zo£-ntXmkn' AXm-bXv Hcp {]tXyI e£y-Øn-∂p-
th≠n B°‰p {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-∂p-th≠n Hcp-ßn-bn-´p-≈-h-mWv
F∂v ad-°-≠. AXn--p-kr-X-amb hm°pw hnNm-chpw {]hr-Ønbpw
am{Xta sNøm-hp. Zo£n-X-hmZw F∂-Xp-sIm≠v hm°ns am{X-
ta ]d-™n-´p-≈p. F¶nepw hnNm-chpw {]hr-Ønbpw AXn¬
Dƒs°m-≠n-´p-≠v. AXn-m¬ o Dt±-in® e£yØn¬ n∂v hyXn-
N-en-°mØ coXn-bn¬ hm°n-sbpw {]hr-Øn-sbbpw hnNm-c-
sØbpw nb-aw sNøWsa∂v Ap-im-kn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Cu Ap-
im-kw Ωn¬°q-sS-°qsS Ap-c-Ww sNbvXm¬ C∂p-Im-
Wp∂ ]e kmaq-ly-{]-iv-ßfpw ]cn-l-cn-°-s∏-Spw. hnZym¿∞n
]T--Øn¬ hnap-JX ImWn-°p-tºmƒ Abm-fpsS D≈n¬ o Zo£n-
X-m-Wv F∂v Ap-im-kw apg-ßp-sa-¶n¬ Abmƒ°v Ae-k-m-
hm≥ Ign-bn-√. e£yw ad-°-cpXv. e£y-{]m-]vXn-bn-te-bv°p≈ am¿§-
Øn-¬ n∂v hyXn-N-en-°-cpXv F∂ Ap-im-kw apg-ßp-I-bm-
sW-¶n¬ hnZym¿∞n Atß-b‰w hnP-b-I-c-ambn hnZym-`ymkw
]q¿Øn-bm-°pw. Cßs `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bm-bmepw Krl-ÿ-m-
bmepw DtZym-K-ÿ-m-bmepw Cu e£y-t_m-[sØ ad-°m-Xn-cn-
bv°-X-°-hÆw o Zo£n-X-mWv F∂ Ap-im-kw D≈-n¬n∂v
apg-ßp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah-cpsS {]h¿Ø--ß-sf√mw km^-ey-a-S-
bpw. Hcp P-X-bpsS, Hcp kap-Zm-b-Øns‚, Hcp hy‡n-bpsS F∂p
th≠ hnhn[ Xpd-I-fn-ep≈ hy‡n-I-fpsS I¿Ø-hy-sØbpw e£y-
sØbpw C{]-Imcw IqsS-IqsS Hm¿Ωn-∏nbv°m≥ Ign-bpsa¶n¬
hgn-]n-g-bv°-en√, ]cm-P-b-an√. e£y-{]m-]vXnbv°v Xma-k-hp-an-√.
AtX thZ-am-Xm-hns‚ kvtl-]q¿Æ-amb Hcp B⁄-bmWv
"Zo£n-tXmkn Zo£n-X-hmNw hZ'. AXv {ihn®v ap°pw I¿Ø-
hy-t_m-[-Øm¬ Bhn-jvS-cmbn e£y-Øn-tebv°v apt∂-dmw.

47. sshZn-I-Z¿iw 47
sshZn-I-Z¿iw
a{¥w: kpcq]IrXvp-aq-Xtb kpZp-Lm-an-h-tKm-Zptl
Pplq- aknZyhn-Zy-hn. (1.4.1)
A¿∞w
kpcq-]-IrXvpw kpμ-c-amb cq]sØ Df-hm-°p-∂hmb
C{μw C{μs
tKmZptl ]ip-I-d-hn-mbn
kpZpLmw (Kmw) √ Id-hp≈ ]ip-hns
(Ch) F∂-t]mse
DuXtb Rß-fpsS c£-bv°mbn
Zyhn-Zyhn Znh-k-t¥mdpw
(h-bw) Pplqakn R߃ Blzmw sNøp∂p
hnh-cWw: kpcq-]-Ir-ØmWv C{μ≥ F∂v ChnsS ]d-™-Xn-¿∞w
kZvKp-W-ßsf A¥x-°-c-W-Øn∂v Ae-¶m-c-ambn AWn-bn-s®m-cp-°p-
∂-h≥ F∂m-W¿∞w. kq£va-i-co-c-amb A¥x-I-cWw cmK-tZz-jmZn
tZmj-ß-fm¬ hncq-]hpw _o`-’-hp-am-Wv. Cu sshcq-]ysØ am‰n
kpμ-c-amb cq]w [cn-∏n-°p-I-bmWv Cuiz-c≥ sNøp∂-Xv. C{μ≥
F∂Xv k¿tΔizc-s-°p-dn-°p-∂p. F√m sFiz-cy-ßfpw k¿tΔ-iz-
c-n-em-Wt√m D≈-Xv. "CZn ]ca sFiztcy' F∂mWv C{μ-i-_vZ-
n¿Δ-N-w. kpcq-]-Ir-Ømb Cuiz-cs c£-bv°mbn nXyhpw
R߃ Blzmw sNøp∂p F∂mWv ]d-™-Xn-¿∞w . Cu cmK-
tZz-jmZn sshcq-]y-߃ Hcn-°¬ Xosc t]mbmepw ho≠pw hcm≥
km≤y-X-bp-≠v. Cu kmt]£ afi-e-Øn¬ ambm-{`a-Øn¬ Ccn-
°p-∂n-S-tØmfw Imew ]X--Ønv km≤y-X-bp-≠v. AXn¬ F∂pw
Ft∏mgpw Cuiz-cs c£-bv°mbn hnfn-°pI Xs∂ thWw. B
hnfn Fßns thWw F∂mWv DZm-l-c-Ww-sIm≠v ImWn-°p-∂-Xv.
[mcmfw ]m¬ Npc-Øp∂ Hcp Id-h-∏-ip-hns ss]°-d-hp-Im-c≥
kvtl-]q¿Δw hnfn-°p-∂-t]mse F∂mWv D]-a. ]mep- I-d-s∂-SpØv
{]tbm-P--s∏-Sp-I-sb-∂Xv Id-hp-Im-cs‚ Bh-iy-am-Wv. F¶nepw
AXmXv ka-bØv nd-™p- Xp-fp-ºp∂ AIn-Snv Id-hp-sIm≠v Hcp
Bizmkw In´p∂p-≠v. B nebv°v Idhv ]iphn-s‚bpw Bh-iy-am-
Wv. Id-h-°m-c≥ hnfn-°p-tºm-tgbv°v B ]ip HmSn hcn-I-bm-bn.
AXp-t]mse t{]a-]q¿Δw `‡≥ nXyhpw hnfn-°p-tºmƒ `K-hm≥

48. 48 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
HmSn kao-]-sØ-Øpw. ]ip kao-]-sØ-Øn-bm¬ Id-s∂-Sp-°m≥ Aam-
¥n-°m-dn-√. Hcp √ Id-h-°m-cmsW-¶n¬ AXp-t]mse Cuiz-c-
km-∂n≤yw In´n-bm¬ AXp {]tbm-P--s∏-Sp-Ø-Ww. Ahn-SpsØ
Imcp-Wy-am-Ip∂ ]m¬ Id-s∂-SpØv ]mw sNbvXv cmK-tZz-jmZn sshcq-
]y-ßsf ]cn-l-cn-°-Ww. AXmWv {]tbm-P-w. alm-]p-cp-j-∑m-cp-
sSbpw ]pWy-Xo¿∞-ß-fp-sSbpw km∂n≤yw th≠-hn[w {]tbm-P--
s∏-SpØn Xs‚ atm-am-enyw in-∏n-°-Ww. CXmWv Cu thZ-a{¥w
sΩ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂X.v
kpcq-]m-Wn-I-tcm-Xn-˛-CXn kpcq-]-IrXv
kpjvSp-ZpKvt≤ CXn kpZpLm
(l-Im-c-ky-L-Im-cm-tZ-ix)
KmwtZmKv≤n CXn tKm[pIv
Pplqakn ˛ lzb-t¥-xteSv DØa-]p-cp-j-_-lp-h-Nw
tKm]Zw kwkvIrtX t[px-{]-Im-i-civanx hmIv CXn N
A¿∞m-¥-cmWn
Ct{μm ma mUo-K-X-{]m-W-ab
tNXm-mbmx koamZyx X
tama-b-mh-ÿm-`y› n¿Ωp‡m
Znhya-i‡nx {]⁄mhm.
Ap-kva-cn-°pI
D]-lztb kpZpLmw-t[-p-taXmw
kplkvtXm tKm[p-Kp-X-tZm-l-tZmw (E-tKz-Zw) (1.164.23)
tem`x kzevt]m ]nXm≥l¥n
iznt{Xm-cq-]-an-th-]vknXw (`m-K-h-Xw)
a{¥w-˛2
D]x kh-m-Kln tkmaky tkma]mx ]n_-
tKmZm Ct{ZhtXmaZx (1.4.2)
A¿∞w-
(tl) tkma]mx = tkma]mm-k-‡-mb A√tbmx C{μtZh!
x kh-m- D] ˛ Rß-fpsS kh--ß-fpsS kao-]tØbv°v
(Xzw) B-Kln ˛ Ahn-Sp∂v BK-an-®mepw
(BKXy) tkmaky ˛ AhnsS h∂v tkma

49. sshZn-I-Z¿iw 49
(c-kw) ]n_ ˛ cksØ ]mw sNøtW
(Xz¬hn-[-ky) ˛ Ahn-SpsØt∏mep≈
tchXx ˛ sFiz-cy-hm-∑m-cpsS
aZx tKmZmx C¬ ˛ kt¥mjw R߃°pw [mZn sFizcy-ßsf
{]Zmw sNøm≥ Ign-hp-‰-XmWt√m
hnh-cWw : C{μ≥ tkma-]m Xev]-c-m-Wv. Pohm-flm-hmb C{μ≥ B-
μsØ tXSn-b-e-bp-I-bm-Wv. kzbw B-μ-kz-cq-]-m-sW-∂-Xn-m¬
B-μ-n-a-·-m-Im-p≈ BImw£ kl-P-am-Wv. AXv e`n-®mte
]q¿Æ-Xr]vXn hcn-I-bp-≈p. Pohn-X-a-lm-b-⁄-Øn¬ bP-am--mb
Pohv {_“m--μ-]m-Øn-p≈ Ah-kcw Hcp°pI-bmWv Pohs‚
klm-bn-I-fmb C{μn-b-ß-sf∂ EXzn-°p-Iƒ sNøp-∂-Xv. Pohv B-
μm-p-`qXn thWsa¶n¬ B Bμw BZyw k¿tΔ-iz-ck∂n-[n-bn¬
XymK-]q¿Δw A¿∏n-°-s∏SWw. k¿tΔ-iz-c≥ ]mw sNbvX-Xn-p-ti-
jta Pohp ]mw sNøm≥ A¿lX In´p-∂p-≈p. Poh-s-∂-t]mse
{_“hpw B-μ-]m--Ip-Xp-In-bm-Wv. ""Pothm-{_-ss“-h-m-]cx'' F∂m-
Wt√m imkv{X-h-N-w. tkma-]m--c-k-a-·-m-hm≥ th≠n Cuiz-cs
aq∂p kh-ßfnepw hnfn-°p-I-bmWv. F∂m¬ Ahn-Sp∂v s]s´∂v
Fgp-∂-≈p∂ kz`m-h-°m-c--√. A¿∏n-°p-∂-h≥ F¥p atm-`m-h-
tØm-sS-bmWv A¿∏n-°p-∂Xv F∂Xp-IqSn AhnSp∂v {]tXyIw {i≤n-
°pw. tkma-eX CSn-®p-]n-gn™v ckw FSp-°p∂ I¿Ω-Øns‚
t]cmWv kh-w. CXv aq∂p tc-hp-ap-≠v. bmK-Øn¬ BZysØ kh-
sØ {]mXx-k-h--sa∂pw c≠m-a-tØ-Xns am≤yw-Zn--k-h--sa∂pw
ASp-Ø-Xns XrXo-b-k-h--sa∂pw ]d-bp-∂p. Cu aq∂v Ah-kc-
ß-fnepw Ahn-Sp∂v Rß-fpsS kao-]Øv As√-¶n¬ kh--߃°p
kao]w hs∂-ØtW. hs∂-Øn-bm¬ aXn. ]ns∂-sb√mw R߃
tm°ns°m≈mw F∂v IcpXm≥ hø. hs∂Øn tkmaw- ]mw
sNøpI Xs∂ thWw. R߃°v F√mw Hcp-°n-sh®v {]m¿∞n-
°mt Ign-bp. Ahn-Sp∂v kzbw Fgp-∂≈n ]mw sNøpI Xs∂
thWw F∂-Xn-eqsS Rß-fpsS n -lm-b-Xsb ImWn-°p-I-bm-Wn-
h-nsS. Ahn-Sp∂v AXv ]mw sNbvXv k¥p-jvS-m-bm¬ R߃°p
th≠-sX√mw; sFln-Ihpw ]mc-{Xn-I--amb GXp [hpw In´pw F∂v
R߃°p-d-∏p-≠v. [n-Is‚ kt¥m-j-amWv Zcn-{Zs‚ [w. Cu
temIk{º-Zm-b-a-p-k-cn®v Ahn-Sp∂v Xr]vXn-s∏-´mte R߃°v sa®-
ap-≈p. AXn-m¬ Xr]vXn-s∏-StW F∂mWv {]m¿∞-. Hu∂Xyw
ssIhn´v ssZy-X-tbmsS thWw Cuiz-cs hnfn-°m≥ F∂v Cu
thZ-a{¥w sΩ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p. Zo-h-’-e-m-Wt√m k¿tΔ-iz-
c≥.

50. 50 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
kqb-tX-tkm-a-Gjp CXn ˛ kh-mn
KmwZZmXn CXn tKmZmx
cbnx ([-w) Aky AkvXn CXn tchm≥.
Ap-kva-cn-°pI
Zom-Z-£m-hn-Zp-l¥n {]hmWw. (EIv)
a{¥w-˛3
AYmtX A¥-ammw hnZym-a-kp-a-Xomw
amtm AXn-Jy-B-Kln
A¿∞w
AY (tl C{μ) ˛ A-¥cw A√tbm C{μ-tZh!
tX A¥-ammw ˛ Ahn-SpsØ BXy-¥n-I-ß-fmb
kpaXomw ˛ tim` _p≤n-bpsS
(In©n Zzm) ˛ Aev]-sa-¶nepw
(hbw) hnZyma ˛ R߃°v Adn-bm≥ Ign-btW!
x AXn Jyx ˛ Rß-fpsS (Z¿i--km-a¿∞y-sØ)
AXn-{I-an-°pamdv Xo{h-ambn
am ˛ Ahn-Sp∂v {]I-S-am-h-cptX!
BKln ˛ (R-ßpsS Z¿i--]-cn-an-Xn-bn¬ HXp-ßpw-
hn[w) Ahn-Sp∂v Fgp-∂-≈tW!
hnhcWw: tkma-]m-w-sIm≠v Xr]vX-mb C{μ-tZ-h-tmSv {]m¿∞n-°p-
I-bmWv Ejn. Ahn-SpsØ BXy-¥n-Ihpw nKq-V-ß-fp-amb Znhyhn`q-
Xn-I-fpsS ]cn-an-X-amb Hcw-i-sa-¶nepw R߃°v shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-Ø-
ctW! ""A¥-ammw kpaXo mw'' F∂-Xnv km[m-c-W-amb Cuiz-
c-hn-`q-Xn-I-fn¬ n∂v AXo-X-amb nKq-V-amb Znsshy-iz-cy-ß-ƒ
F∂mW¿∞w. a- ns‚ ssZhn-I-amb {]k-∂-X, k¿Δ-`q-X-Z-b,
]q¿Æ-kpJ-amb ÿnXn CsXms° Cuizcob Znhy-hn-`q-Xn-I-fmWv.
Ah km[-I-n¬ {]Im-in-°m≥ XpS-ßp-tºm-gm-Wt√m km[-I≥
AXns icn°v Adn-bp-∂-Xv. Cuizc≥ temIm-p-{Klw sNøp-∂Xv
CØcw Znhy-Kp-W-ß-fpsS Ccn-∏n-S-amb kajvSn a- p-sIm≠mWv.
AXnse Hcw-ita R߃°v Dƒs°m-≈m≥ Ign-hp-≈p. Rß-fpsS
Ign-hns‚ ]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ°p-≈n¬ B Znhy-KpWßsf {]I-S-am-°tW!
Cn Ahn-Sp∂v AXy¥w {]k-∂-`m-h-Øn¬ Xs‚ Znhyamb F√m
hn`q-Xn-I-tfbpw {]I-S-am-°mw F∂v Icp-Xp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXp th≠.
Rß-fpsS ]cn-an-X-amb A¥x-I-c-W-Øn¬n∂v AXv kzoI-cn-°m-

51. sshZn-I-Z¿iw 51
p≈ Ign-hn√ F∂m-Wv. "amtm-A-XnJyx' F∂-Xns‚ Bibw.
F∂m¬ n߃°v AXn-p≈ i‡n In´pw-hsc Rm≥ {]I-S-am-Ip-
∂n√ F∂v Ahn-Sp∂v hnNm-cn-°-cp-Xv. Rß-f-psS ]cn-an-X-amb t_m[-
a-fi-e-Øntebv°v AhnsS {]Im-in-∏n-°p-hm≥ ]‰p∂ ssZhn-I-Kp-
W-ß-tfm-Sp-IqSn Ahn-Sp∂v Fgp-∂-≈pI Xs∂ thWw F∂mWv
""BKln'' F∂v ho≠pw Bh¿Øn-®-Xns‚ cl-kyw.
Cuiz-c≥ {]k-∂-m-bm¬ Xs‚ F√mw `‡p sImSp-°m≥
Xøm-dm-Wv. Xs∂-Øs∂ sImSp-°mpw Ahn-tSbv°v aSn-bn-√.
Bfl-Z-mWv Ahn-Sp∂v F∂v thZw {]Io¿Øn-°p-∂p≠t√m. ""b
Bfl-Zm-_em'' F∂ lnc-Wy-K¿`-kq-‡sØ Hm¿Ωn-°p-I. Cuiz-
c≥ F√mw Xcm≥ Xøm-dm-bmepw km[-I≥ s]s´-∂v- F√mw kzoI-
cn®v ssIs°m-≈m≥ Ign-h-p‰-h-m-Ip-∂n-√. km[--bpsSbpw NnØ-
ip-≤n-bp-sSbpw Xmc-X-ay-a-p-k-cn®mWt√m ssZhnI hn`q-Xn-Isf
ssIs°m-≈m-p≈ Ignhv In´p-∂-Xv. AX-p-k-cn®v `‡v {Kln-
°mpw kzoI-cn-°mpw ]‰p-t∂-S-tØmfw am{Xta Cuiz-c≥ {]I-
Sn-∏n-°mhp.
kqcy-tZ-hs D]m-kn-°p∂ Hcp `‡-n¬ {]k-∂-mbn kqcy-
tZ-h≥ Xs‚ afi-esØ Ipsd Xmtgm´v sIm≠p-h-∂m-esØ
ÿnXn F¥mhpw? `‡--S°w kIe Ncm-N-c-ßfpw IØn Nmº-
em-hpw. F∂m¬ `‡≥ {ItaW ico-c-a-- p-IfpsS ]cn-an-Xn-Isf
IS∂v kqcy-a-fi-e-Øn-tebv°v Db¿∂p-t]m-hp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ B
`‡v lmn-sbm∂pw kw`-hn-°p-∂n-√. temI-Øn∂pw B]-Øn-
√. CXp-t]mse ChnsS Xs‚ {Kmlyi‡n-°-p-k-cnt® Ahn-
Sp∂v {]I-S-am-Imhq F∂p-sh®v Ahn-Sp∂v H´pw {]I-S-am-hm-Xn-cn-
°p-I-bp-a-cp-Xv. Ahn-Sp∂v {]I-S-am-hp-∂-X-p-k-cn®v D]m-k-bv°v
Xo{h-Xbpw D’m-lhpw IqSpw. Aßs Xo{h-amb D]m-k--bn-
eqsS Ffp∏w e£y-Øn-tebv°v oßm≥ Ign-bpw. AXn-m¬ Ahn-
Sp∂v Fgp-∂-≈tW F∂mWv Cu thZ-a-{¥-Øn¬ Ejn {]m¿∞n-
°p∂Xv.
AY¿Δw 20-˛68-˛4
a{¥w-˛4
]tc-ln-hn-{K-a-kvXr-X-an{μw
]r—m-hn-]-›nXw
bkvtX-k-Jn-`y-B-hcw

52. 52 sshZn-I-Z¿iw
A¿∞w
]cm-Cln ˛ A∏p-d-tØbv°v IS-∂p-h-cp.
Iptd-Zqcw apt∂m´p t]mIp.
hn{Kw AkvXrXw ˛ GsXm-∂n-s-bpw -hn-ti-j-amb hn[-Øn¬
{Kln-°m≥ Ign-hp-≈-hpw
{]Xn-Iqe-i‡n-Iƒ°v hg-ßm-Ø-hpw.
hn]-›nXw C{μw ˛ D≈-Xns D≈-Xp-t]mse ImWp-Isb∂
(D-]-Kay t{ibkw) kay-IvZ¿i--i‡n
]r— ˛ bp‡-p-amb C{μtZhs kao-]n®v
t{ibksØ°p-dn®v tNmZn°p
bx (C-{μx) ˛ bmsXmcp C{μtZh≥
tX kJn`yx ˛ Aß-bpsS Iq´p-Im¿°v
hcw B ˛ t{ijvS-am-b-Xns ¬Intbm
Xw C{μw ]r— ˛ B C{μ-tmSv tNmZn°p
hnh-cWw : Ejn ChnsS Bfl-`m-h-Øn¬ n∂p-sIm≠v Xm-S-°-ap≈
ap-jy-temI-tØmSv Imcp-Wy-]q¿Δw ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv. ""]tcln''F∂v.
C∂v n߃ hne-]n-Sn-®Xpw t{ijvT-hp-am-bn-°-cp-Xp∂ t]cnpw s]cp-
abv°pw ÿm-am--߃°pw A∏p-d-tØbv°v hcp. AhnsS FØn-
bm¬ bmYm¿∞yw ImWm≥ Ign-bpw. n߃ kz¥hpw DØ-a-hp-
sa∂p Icp-Xn{Kln® hkvXp-°-sf√mw shdpw £Wn-I-ß-fm-Wv. ZpxJ-
{]-Z-ß-fmWv F∂-dn™p Ign-™m¬ imiz-Xhpw B-μ-I-c-hp-am-
bp≈ hkvXp-hns Adn-™-p-`-hn-°m≥ Xmev]-cy-ap-≠m-Ipw. F∂m¬
AØcw Hcp hkvXp Xs‚ Adn-hn-en-√. AXn-s-°p-dn®v B[n-Im-cn-
I-ambn ]d-™p-X-cm≥ Hcm-fp-s≠-¶nte ap°v Dd-∏mbn {Kln-°m≥
Ign-bp. Aßs Hcm-fpt≠m F∂ Atz-j-W-Øn¬ Cuiz-cs
AYhm Cuiz-c-Xp-ey-mb Kpcp-hn-s-I-s≠-Øp-I-bmWv. B Cuiz-
c-tmSv tNmZn-°p. F∂mWv Cu atm-{Z-jvSmhv tΩmSv ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
t{ib-k-sØ-°p-dn®v tNmZn-®m¬ AXn-s-°p-dn®v hf-®p-sI-´n-√msX
D≈-Xns D≈-Xp-t]mse ]d-™p-X-cp. Cuiz-c≥ {]Xn-Iq-e-i-‡n-
Iƒ°p hg-ßm-Ø-hpw F√m-‰n-tbpw hntij-amb hn[-Øn¬ {Kln-
°p-∂-h-p-am-Wv F∂-Xn-m¬ tNmZy-Øn∂v hy‡-amb DØcw In´p-
sa-∂p-d-∏n-°mw. ChnsS C{μ-tmSv AXm-bXv k¿tΔ-iz-c-tmSv
tNmZn°p F∂mWv ]d-™n-´p-≈-sX-¶nepw ChnsS C{μv ]d™
hnti-jWß-sf√mw Hcp bYm¿∞-Kp-cp-hnv tbmPn-°pw. hn{Kpw
hn]-›n-Øp-am-I-Ww Kpcp. Kpcp-cq-]-mb Cuiz-c≥ Xn°v t{ib-k-
sØ-°p-dn®v Ah-t_m[w ¬Ip-sa∂-Xn-v F¥mWv Dd∏v? a{¥-{Z-

53. sshZn-I-Z¿iw 53
jvSmhv ]d-bp-∂p. AßbpsS kam--Nn-Ø-∑m-cmb kJm-°ƒ°v Cu
C{μ-tZ-h≥ t{ijvT-amb hcw ]≠p [mcmfw ¬In-bn-´p-≠v. AXn-
m¬ tNmZy-Øn∂v Xr]vXn-I-c-amb DØcw In´p-sa∂v Dd-∏n-°mw.
Cu a{¥w aq∂p XØz߃ sΩ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. AXn¬
H∂m-a-Xmbn ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv C∂sØ £Wn-Ihpw iz-c-hp-amb
hkvXp-°fpsS afi-e-Øn¬ Ah-bv°p-th≠n st´m-´-tamSp∂Xn¬
n∂v amdn Iptd-tbsd aptºm-´p-t]m-bmte kXy-Zr-jvSm-°-fpsS
D¬Ir-„-a-fie-Øn¬ FØp-I-bp-≈p. AhnsS FØnbmte Cuiz-
c-tmSv imiz-X-kpJ-sØ-°p-dn®pw ]c-a-im-¥nsb°pdn®pw Bcm-
bm≥ tXm∂p-Ibp≈p. AXp th≠-hn[w Ahn-SpsØ k∂n-[n-
bn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®m¬ Ahn-Sp∂v AXn-p≈ adp-]Sn {Kln∏n®p
Xcpw. Aßs ktXym¬t_m-[w tSn F{Xtbm t]¿ ap≥Im-
e-ß-fn¬ ap‡-cm-bn-´p-≠v. AXn-m¬ ss[cy-ambn hnth-I-]q¿Δw
tNmZn°p. Ahn-Sp∂v A`o„w km[n-∏n®v Xr]vX-cm-°m-Xn-cn-°n-√.
a{¥w 5
DX {_ph¥p tmntZm nc-y-X-›n-Zm-cX
Z[mm C{μ-C±phx
A¿∞w-
DX -x -nZx ˛ F∂p-X-s∂-b√ ΩpsS ntcm-[-I-∑m¿ IqSn
{_ph¥p ˛ C{]-Imcw ]d™p XpSßpw
AyXx Nn¬ ˛ a‰p afi-e-ß-fn-te-bv°v.
nx BcX ˛ IS-∂p-I-b-dn-s°m≈p
(IoZrimx k¥x) ˛ Fßns Bbn-´p-thWw
(CXn tN¬) ˛ F∂m-sW-¶n¬
(bp-jva-Zo-bmw) Zphx ˛ nß-fpsS ]cn-N-cysb
Ct{μ C¬ ˛ C{μ-tZ-h-n¬Xs∂
Z[mmx ˛ [cn-°p-∂-h-cmbn
(k-¥x) ˛ Xo¿∂n´p (thWw apt∂m´p oßm≥)
hnh-cWw : C{μ-kz-cq-]-mb k¿tΔ-iz-c-s-Øs∂ ]cn-N-cWw sNbvXv
{]km-Zn-∏n-°m≥ Hcp-ßn-bm¬ AXp-hsc ΩpsS apt∂m-´p≈ KXnsb
ntcm-[n-®n-cp∂ i‡n-Iƒ Xs∂ ap°v Ap-Iq-e-ambn amdpw.
apt∂m´p t]mhm≥ t{]cWbpw _ehpw Ah-cn¬ n∂p Xs∂ e`n-
°pw. apºv {]Xn-Iq-e-am-bn-cp∂ i‡n-Iƒ IqSn Ap-Iq-e-ambn amdn