Urban cultural landscapes

1. URBAN CULTURAL
LANDSCAPES
Assignment
Nizya Mol, S3, Reg No: 724522566006, SAN Academy Of Architecture

2. Choose any two topics from the following and Explain
1. Historic urban landscapes as understood in the International framework
2. Vienna Memorandum
3. World Heritage Cities program
4. ICOMOS

3. WORLD HERITGE CITIES
PROGRAMME

4. INTRODUCTION
• The World Heritage Cities Programme is one of six thematic programmes formally approved and
monitored by the World Heritage Committee.
• The World Heritage Committee is a committee of the United Nations Educational, Scientific
and Cultural Organization
 It selects the sites to be listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites
 The World Heritage List
 The List of World Heritage in Danger
 It defines the use of the World Heritage Fund and allocates financial assistance upon requests
from States Parties.
• It comprises representatives from 21 state parties that are elected by the General Assembly of
States Parties for a four-year term.
• These elected parties vote on decisions and proposals related to the World Heritage
Convention and World Heritage List.

5. • Following 21 countries are currently the members of the World Heritage Committee: Argentina, Belgium,
Bulgaria, Egypt, Ethiopia, Greece, India, Italy, Japan, Mali, Mexico, Nigeria, Oman, Qatar, Russian Federation,
Rwanda, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Thailand and Zambia.
• For the year 2021-2025 4 year period India is also elected as a committee member in World heritage committee
MEANING OF WORLD HERITAGE CITY
• World Heritage is the designation for places on Earth that are of outstanding universal value to humanity and as
such, have been inscribed on the World Heritage List to be protected for future generations to appreciate and
enjoy.
• There are more than 300 World Heritage Cities in all five global regions.
• In India Ahemedabad is the first World Heritage city and Jaipur comes the second.
• First world heritage city in the world is UNESCO World Heritage Site located in Karnataka, Hampi was the
capital of the Vijayanagara Empire in the 14th century.

6. AIM OF WORLD HERITAGE CITY PROGRAMME
To assist States Parties in the challenges of protecting and managing their urban heritage.
The world heritage city programme is a two way process
1 The development of a
theoretical framework for
urban heritage
conservation
The World Heritage Cities Programme
2 The provision of
technical assistance to
States Parties for the
implementation of new
approaches and
schemes.

7. HOW WHCP FORMED
• Concerned by the multitude of World Heritage Cities facing difficulties in reconciling conservation
and development, the World Heritage Committee at its 29th session in Durban, South Africa (July
2005) requested the development of a new standard-setting instrument to provide updated
guidelines to better integrate urban heritage conservation into strategies of socio-economic
development.
• The World Heritage Committee relegated this task to UNESCO in view of the fact that such
challenges were faced by all historic cities, not only those inscribed onto the World Heritage List,
to muster the broadest possible support from the international community, and to underline the
role of UNESCO as standard-setting organization.

8. There are more than 300 World Heritage Cities in all five global regions.

10. EVENTS BY WHCP
• The World Heritage Cities Programme regularly organises international events
• Members where;
 Heritage experts
 Site managers
 Elected officials
 Other stakeholders.
• These events explore topics relevant to heritage conservation and management today, from good
practices and case studies to global links between heritage, climate change and sustainable
development.
There are 49 events managed and conducted by the World Heritage city programme
Some of them are listed below

11. • Meeting: "Implementing the HUL Recommendation: a common approach" - UNESCO World Heritage
Centre, Chairs and C2Cs Representatives- 30 June 2022
• World Heritage City Lab – Urban Heritage and Traditional Building Practices for Sustainable Development-
Spain, Cordoba in September 2022 @ Online platform Webinar
• World Heritage City Lab – Historic Cities, Climate Change, Water, and Energy- December 2021
• UNESCO-UfM online conference “Living with World Heritage: Adaptive Reuse and Regeneration in the Euro-
Mediterranean region” (17-18 May 2021)
• International Experts Meeting - Heritage in Urban Contexts: Impacts of Development Projects on World
Heritage properties in Cities- 14 and 17 January 2020 at Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
It was co-sponsored by Japan's Agency for Cultural Affairs and Kyushu University in cooperation
with the UNESCO World Heritage Centre, ICOMOS and ICCROM.
• Community-centred urban development: A paradigm of inclusive growth-2020 October

12. • Protecting Cultural Heritage as a Resource for Sustainable Development of Port Cities (AIVP webinar)

13. • UNESCO’s World Heritage City Lab- June 2020 (webinar series)

14. CAPACITY-BUILDING RESOURCES
• The World Heritage Cities Programme has developed a number of initiatives to promote peer-to-peer learning
and cooperation amongst site managers and key stakeholders in World Heritage Cities.
1. UNESCO Urban Heritage Atlas
2. World Heritage Canopy
3. World Heritage City Dialogues
1. UNESCO Urban Heritage Atlas
• The approach of the HUL Recommendation helps cities balance
urban heritage conservation and urban development by
understanding urban heritage as a system and a resource for
sustainable urban development.
• This pilot project shows the interconnections between World
Heritage and the HUL Recommendation in World Heritage Cities
and maps their heritage attributes.

15. 2. World Heritage Canopy
• Discover case studies and practical examples that integrate
heritage conservation with sustainable development.
• Learn more about how local actions can contribute to major
global commitments including the World Heritage Convention,
Convention, and the HUL Recommendation
• Formulate 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
3. World Heritage City Dialogues
• First edition started in 2019 as the series has become an online
online platform for peer-to-peer learning and capacity
building
• The online series bring together site managers and local
authorities.
• In 2021, the events focused on the HUL Recommendation as a
channel for Climate Action.

16. ICOMOS
International Council on Monuments and Sites

17. INTRODUCTION
 ICOMOS works for the conservation and protection of cultural heritage places.
 It is the only global non-government organisation, which is dedicated to promoting the
application of theory, methodology, and scientific techniques to the conservation of the
architectural and archaeological heritage.
ICOMOS is a network of experts that benefits from the interdisciplinary exchange of its members,
among which are
• Architects,
• Historians,
• Archaeologists,
• Art historians,
• Geographers,
• Anthropologists,
• Engineers and
• Town planners.
The members of ICOMOS contribute to improving the preservation of heritage

18.  The cultural heritage property includes:
 Buildings,
 Historic cities,
 Cultural landscapes and
 Archaeological sites
ICOMOS facts and figures as Dec 2022
1. Year of creation : 1965
2. Individual members : 9500 (in 151 countries)
3. Institutional members : 265
4. National committees : 113
5. International Scientific Committees : 30
ICOMOS MISSION
• To preserve and Protect is its major mission and vision
• To promote the conservation, protection, use and enhancement of monuments, building complexes
and sites.
• To participate in development of doctrine and the evolution and distribution of ideas, and conducts
advocacy.
• Works in close collaboration with the UNESCO World Heritage Center, IUCN and ICCROM.

19. HISTORY
• Until 19 th century Architectural Heritage was of national concern
• Countless organisations existed in every countries but its scope never cross the national borders
• Cultural internationalism was the first outcome First world war and creation of “League of Nations”
• And Second World War and creation of United nations and Establishment of UNESCO
• The Athens Conference (1931) on the restoration of historic buildings > organised by the International
Museums Office
• The Athens Charter > drafted by Le Corbusier at the fourth Assembly of the International Congresses on
Modern Architecture (1933) and
• Published anonymously in Paris in 1941
• Athens conference & Athens Charter represent a major step in the evolution of ideas because they reflected
a growing consciousness among specialists all over the world and introduced the concept of international
heritage for the first time in history.

20. • Venice Charter- association of conservation and restoration specialist independent from the
association of museologist called ICOM
• In 1957 in Paris-the First Congress of Architects and Specialists of Historic Buildings
recommended that the countries lacking a central organisation for the protection of historic
buildings provide for the establishment of such an authority and, in the name of UNESCO, that
all member states of UNESCO join the International Centre for the Study of the Preservation
and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM) based in Rome.
• The Second Congress of Architects and Specialists of Historic Buildings, in Venice in 1964,
adopted 13 resolutions;
• The first one being the International Restoration Charter known as the Venice Charter
• The second one, put forward by UNESCO, provided the creation of the International Council on
Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS).

21. What is done by ICOMOS
1. World heritage management
2. Heritage @ risk programme and report
3. Scientific Exchanges
4. International Involvement

22. WORLD HERITAGE LIST –Under ICOMOS
1199 Properties
3- Delisted
56- Indanger
933- Cultural
39-Mixed
227-Natural

23. INDIA-World heritage Sites
42 sites
7 Natural heritage sites

24. 2. Heritage @ Risk
• The Heritage@Risk program was endorsed by ICOMOS
ICOMOS members at the General Assembly in Mexico
in 1999.
• The aim of these reports is to identify threatened
heritage places, monuments and sites, present typical
case studies and trends, and share suggestions for
solving individual or global threats to our cultural
heritage.
3. Scientific Exchanges
• ICOMOS Advisory Committee Scientific Symposia
•(2015) Tangible Risks, Intangible Opportunities: Long-term Risk Preparedness and Responses for Threats to
Cultural Heritage.
•(2013 - Costa Rica) Reducing risks to cultural heritage from uncontrolled development in a globalized world.
•(2012) Tangible Risks, Intangible Opportunities: Long-term Risk Preparedness and Responses for Threats to
Cultural Heritage
•(2010 - Irlande) - Dublin, Irlande, du 25 au 31 Octobre 2010. "Changing World, Changing Views of Heritage:
the impact of global change on cultural heritage. Theme 2009: Technological Change"

25. 4. International Involvement
Throughout its history, ICOMOS has been involved in a standard setting action, and actively participated in the
redaction of several international Conventions.
 Underwater cultural heritage
 Intangible cultural heritage
ICICH - International Committee on Intangible Cultural Heritage
The objectives of ICICH are, consistent with the aims of ICOMOS to:
- promote international cooperation in the identification, study and solution of issues related to the ethical
identification, protection, interpretation, and management of the intangible cultural associations attributed to
monuments and sites.
- co-operate with the International Scientific Committees of ICOMOS in reviewing doctrinal documents as well
as management and conservation practices, in light of the role of intangible attributes in the significance and
values of cultural heritage sites.
- advise ICOMOS on any role it may have in the implementation of, or other activities associated with
UNESCO’s International Convention on Intangible Cultural Heritage
 The Hague Convention
Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict with Regulations for the
Execution of the Convention 1954 (The Hague, 14 May 1954)

26. WORKING OF ICOMOS
ICOMOS provides scientific and professional expertise to the World Heritage Committee on cultural heritage
issues.
1. Evaluation : ICOMOS evaluates the cultural properties nominated for inscription on the World Heritage List.
2. Monitoring : ICOMOS participates in monitoring the state of conservation of cultural properties inscribed on
the World Heritage List.
3. Advisory service: ICOMOS gives advice to States Parties on matters related to the inscription or to the
management of World Heritage cultural properties.
4. Reflection : ICOMOS participates in the intellectual development of the Convention through various events,
projects and publications.

27. 1. Evaluation
• The evaluation cycle for nomination dossiers is
spread over a year and a half.
• Evaluation mission carried out on site in order
to study the authenticity and integrity of the
property, its boundaries as well as the factors
affecting its protection, conservation and
management
• Carried out in 2 steps;
• A desk review to check if the property has
Outstanding Universal Value.
• The ICOMOS World Heritage Panel gets
together to examine the reports provided by
the experts. The Panel is composed of
• Members of the ICOMOS Board,
• Representatives of the International Scientific
Committees and
• Independent experts.

28. Nominations can be…..
•Inscription: the property is of Outstanding Universal Value and meets the management and protection
requirements.
• Referral: the property is of Outstanding Universal Value but the management and protection conditions
are not satisfactory. The State Party is asked to submit additional information within three years in order to
remedy the shortcomings.
• Deferral: the property needs further demonstration of its potential Outstanding Universal Value. The State
Party is asked to submit a new nomination dossier.
• Non-inscription: the property is not of Outstanding Universal Value.

29. 2. Monitoring
ICOMOS is actively involved in the reactive monitoring process set up by the World Heritage Committee
Committee
Why monitoring is done?
• To ensure an effective protection and conservation of sites.
• It continuously collects and analyses information regarding the state of conservation of World
Heritage properties and the dangers likely to have an impact on their Outstanding Universal Value.
Information sources are;
• Reports submitted by States Parties
• Data provided by third-party organizations or individuals
• Press articles, etc.
• All the information is gathered in state of conservation reports (SOC), jointly prepared by the World
Heritage Centre and the Advisory Bodies once a year.
• These SOC reports are then presented in the form of a working document to the World Heritage
Committee, which then makes requests to States Parties concerning the necessary measures to be
taken to safeguard the sites.

30. • Upon receipt of a SOC report, the Committee may appeal to ICOMOS for a reactive monitoring mission.
• Experts are then sent on site to assess the threats to the property’s outstanding universal value and to
identify concrete actions to improve its state of conservation.
• These missions, paid for by the World Heritage Fund, may be carried out conjointly with the World
Heritage Centre, IUCN or ICCROM.
• They lead to the preparation of a mission report, which is revised by the World Heritage Centre and the
Advisory Bodies before being transmitted to the State Party.
3. Advisory Services
• ICOMOS can advise a State Party for a site that has not yet been nominated.
• It undertake a feasibility study to ascertain whether the property could be a sound future nomination,
provide advice on the logic behind the site's boundaries or on the methodology used for the comparative
analysis part of the nomination dossier, etc.
• In no case can ICOMOS participate in the drafting of the actual dossier.
• Its role is simply to guide the work of the State Party in the right direction.
• ICOMOS encourages States Parties to organize and improve their Tentative List before preparing
nomination dossiers.
• it can give technical advice on issues such as the building of a new development project, the updating of
the management plan, the restoration of a monument, etc.

31. 4. Reflection
The World Heritage List: Filling the gaps - An Action Plan for theFuture
• Commonly referred to as the "Gap Report", It is the result of a study carried out as part of the Global
Strategy for a Balanced, Representative and Credible World Heritage List. Through an analysis of the
properties inscribed on the World Heritage List, this publication identifies the categories of sites and
the regions that are best and least represented today. It also observes the trends for the future
revealed by the tentative lists, before suggesting measures to achieve a better representativeness of
the World Heritage List.
• ICOMOS is currently working on the updating of this study.
Conceptual Reflections
1. World Heritage and sustainable development
2. World heritage and human rights

32. Publications by ICOMOS
→ Thematic Studies
→ Evaluation Volumes
→ Resource Manuals
→ Monuments & Sites Series
→ Threats to World Heritage Sites 1994-2004: An Analysis
→ Guidance on Heritage Impact Assessments for Cultural World Heritage Properties
→ Review of ICOMOS' working methods and procedures for the evaluation of cultural and
and mixed properties (2010)
→ Final reports of the Connecting Practice Project in collaboration with IUCN (2015):
Phase I / Phase II / Phase III

33. Resources
• https://whc.unesco.org/en/cities/
• https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/?&mode=list
• https://www.icomos.org/en/what-we-do/involvement-in-international-conventions/international-
conventions

34. THANK YOU!!