Earth Science subject

2. ATMOSPHERE
• Atmosphere refers to the layer of gases that surrounds a
planet or celestial body, such as Earth's atmosphere. It
plays a crucial role in maintaining life on Earth by
protecting it from harmful radiation, regulating
temperature, and providing oxygen for respiration.

3. EARTH’S ATMOSPHERE
• Earth’s atmosphere is a layer of gases surrounding the planet.
• The earth is surrounded by a blanket of air, which we call the
atmosphere. It reaches over 560 kilometers from the surface of the earth.
ATMOSPHERE:
• Absorbs the energy from the sun
• Recycles water and chemical,
• Protects us from high-energy radiation and the frigid vacuum of space
• The atmosphere protects and support life

4. COMPOSITION OF THE ATMOSPHERE
NITROGEN = 78%
• Volcano eruptions
• Dead plants and animal decay
OXYGEN = 21%
• Plants
OTHER GASES = 1%
• Argon
• Carbon Dioxide
• Methane
• Water Vapor

5. ATMOSPHERE’S LAYERS
The atmosphere has distinct layers with varying
characteristics, such as temperature and composition, which
are defined by changes in altitude.
The main layers of Earth's atmosphere
include the troposphere, stratosphere,
mesosphere, thermosphere,
and exosphere.

6. TROPOSPHERE
This is the lowest layer of the atmosphere where weather
occurs. Its average height is about 8-15 kilometers (5-9
miles) near the poles and 18 kilometers (11 miles) near the
equator.

7. STRATOSPHERE
Above the troposphere, the stratosphere contains the ozone
layer, which absorbs a significant portion of the Sun's
harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The ozone layer protects
life on Earth from excessive exposure to UV radiation.

8. MESOSPHERE
This layer extends about 50-85 kilometers (31-53 miles)
above the Earth's surface. It is the coldest layer of the
atmosphere, with temperatures reaching as low as -90
degrees Celsius (-130 degrees Fahrenheit).

9. THERMOSPHERE
The thermosphere is above the mesosphere and is
characterized by high temperatures due to the absorption of
solar radiation. However, this layer would not feel warm to
the human body because of its low density.

10. EXOSPHERE
The outermost layer of the atmosphere, the exosphere,
gradually merges with the vacuum of space. It is composed
mainly of lighter gases, such as hydrogen and helium.

11. OVERALL, THE ATMOSPHERE IS ESSENTIAL FOR
MANY REASONS. IT HELPS MAINTAIN A SUITABLE
TEMPERATURE RANGE, PROTECTS LIFE ON EARTH
FROM HARMFUL RADIATION, PROVIDES OXYGEN
FOR RESPIRATION, AND FACILITATES IMPORTANT
PROCESSES SUCH AS THE WATER CYCLE AND
WEATHER PATTERNS.

12. THANK YOU !