2. The Past 5 Years Were The 5 Hottest On Record
400
150
350
300
250
200
800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 TODAY
CO2 CONCENTRATION (PPM)
THOUSANDS OF YEARS AGO
425
375
325
275
225
175
3. The Trend Is Reversing But We Need To Accelerate
Wind and solar comprise 76%
of new electricity capacity in the
U.S. this year: 32 GW.
In 2010 46% of electricity in
the U.S. was generated with coal.
Today, that number is half.
SOURCE: EIA.GOV
4. 1+ MILLION ELECTRIC
VEHICLES DELIVERED
5 GWh OF
STATIONARY BATTERIES
26 BILLION ELECTRIC
MILES DRIVEN
17 TWh OF
SOLAR GENERATED
Tesla’s Contribution
5. To achieve the transition to sustainable energy,
we must produce more affordable EVs and
Energy Storage, while building factories faster
and with far less investment
6. 100% ELECTRIC TRANSPORTATION REQUIRES 100X GROWTH
PICKUP
TRUCK
IN 2019
3500 GWh
1500 GWh 1100 GWh
900 GWh 3000 GWh
COMPACT /
MIDSIZE
SMALL /
ROBOTAXI
LUXURY
& SUV
SEMI &
COMMERCIAL
10
TWh
0.1
TWh
Goal One: Terawatt-hour Scale Battery Production
SOURCE: EV-VOLUMES.COM
7. Goal One: Terawatt-hour Scale Battery Production
OIL
HEATING
1400 GWh
2300 GWh 800 GWh
2100 GWh 1900 GWh
COAL
HEATING
NON RENEWABLE
ELECTRICITY
GAS
HEATING
FUTURE
EV
1500 GWh
FUTURE
GROWTH
100% RENEWABLE ENERGY REQUIRES 1600X GROWTH
IN 2019
10
TWh
0.006
TWh
SOURCE: IHS
8. TWh
0.15
GIGAFACTORY
1
=
Goal One Problem: Today’s Battery Factories Cannot Scale Fast Enough
INVESTMENT IN MATERIALS, CELL,
AND BATTERY MANUFACTURING
$2T
TOTAL PEOPLE ESTIMATED
2.8M
9. TWh
0.15
GIGAFACTORY
1
=
Goal One Problem: Today’s Battery Factories Cannot Scale Fast Enough
INVESTMENT IN MATERIALS, CELL,
AND BATTERY MANUFACTURING
$2T
TOTAL PEOPLE ESTIMATED
2.8M
TWh
20
GIGAFACTORIES
135
=
41. Silicon Is Awesome And Inexpensive
MOST ABUNDANT ELEMENT IN EARTH’S CRUST AFTER OXYGEN STORES 9X MORE LITHIUM THAN GRAPHITE
42. Challenge: Volume Expansion
4X VOLUME EXPANSION
MANY CYCLES
MANY CYCLES
ELECTRICAL
ISOLATION
-Li+
MANY CYCLES
THICK
SEI LAYER
BROKEN
SEI LAYER
SEI LAYER
43. Current Approaches To Silicon Are Highly
Engineered Expensive Materials
6.6 $/KWh
SILICON STRUCTURED
IN SIO GLASS
10.2 $/KWh
SILICON STRUCTURED
IN GRAPHITE
>100 $/KWh
SILICON
NANOWIRES
1.2 $/KWh
TESLA
SILICON
44. Instead, We Design For Expansion And Use
Raw Silicon To Increase Range 20%
THROUGH ELASTIC,
ION-CONDUCTING POLYMER COATING
STABILIZE SURFACE ROBUST NETWORK
HIGHLY ELASTIC BINDER
+ ELECTRODE DESIGN
RAW METALLURGICAL SILICON
49. The Cathode Manufacturing Processing Is A Big Target
NICKEL
CATHODE COST BREAKDOWN
LITHIUM COBALT PROCESSING
5%
35% 25% 35%
50. Traditional Cathode Process
METAL SULFATE PRODUCTION RAW MATERIALS INPUT CATHODE PRODUCTION FINAL PRODUCT
METAL
METAL SULFATE
SULPHURIC ACID
WATER
MORE CHEMICALS
A BUNCH OF STUFF HAPPENS
CATHODE
WASTE WATER
+ BYPRODUCTS
51. Tesla Cathode
METAL SULFATE PRODUCTION RAW MATERIALS INPUT CATHODE PRODUCTION FINAL PRODUCT
METAL METAL
SULPHURIC ACID
WATER
MORE CHEMICAL
LESS STUFF HAPPENS
CATHODE
WASTE WATER
+ BYPRODUCTS
WATER
53. Directly Consuming Nickel Powder Simplifies Metal Refining & Recycling
ELIMINATES BILLIONS IN BATTERY GRADE NICKEL PRODUCTION
SUSTAINABLY MINED/SOURCED ORES OPTIMIZED REFINING RECYCLED BATTERIES
54. North American Cathode Production
BUILD PLANT SHORTEN TRAVEL DISTANCE
KG x KM
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
Localized Supply Chain
Status Quo
NICKEL POWDER
Li SPODUMENE
LiOH-H2O
CATHODE
Li
Ni
Li
Li
Ni
LITHIUM
CLAYS
TESLA
CATHODE
56. Access Even More Lithium
SIGNIFICANT UNTAPPED LITHIUM IN CLAY TESLA ACID-FREE, SALINE EXTRACTION TESLA SECURED TWH-SCALE RESOURCE
ENOUGH LITHIUM IN NEVADA TO ELECTRIFY THE ENTIRE U.S. FLEET
57. Recycling Elements From Cells Is Far More Desirable Than From Raw Ores
SOURCE NICKEL LITHIUM COBALT
RECYCLED CELLS
20% 2.7% 2%
TYPICAL ORES
1.2% 0.7% 0.2%
58. Recycling Resource Is 10+ Years Delayed
EV BATTERY PRODUCTION 50% CAGR
TWh / YEAR – BATTERY SALES
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
1.20
2012
2011 2014
2013 2016
2015 2018
2017 2020
2019 2022
2021 2024
2023 2025
IN 2025, BATTERIES
AVAILABLE FOR RECYCLING
73. 0-60 MPH
<2 sec
TOP SPEED
200 mph
1/4 MILE
<9 sec
HORSEPOWER
>1100
RANGE
<520 mi
LAGUNA SECA
1.30.3
74. FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements in this presentation, including statements regarding future products and technologies, expected features and performance of products, manufacturing expansion, cost reductions, and availability of raw materials, are
forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements are based on management’s current expectations. Various important factors could cause actual results to differ materially, such as the risks
identified in our SEC filings, including under the sections captioned “Risk Factors” in our Forms 10-K and 10-Q. Tesla disclaims any obligation to update any forward-looking statement contained in this presentation.