Tools, Equipment and materials used in drafting

1. TECHNICAL
DRAFTING
Technology
And
Livelihood
Education
THIRD
QUARTER

2. Drafting, otherwise known as technical drawing, is
the creation of accurate representations of objects,
buildings, or houses for technical, architectural, or
engineering purposes.

3. In drafting, objects
are drawn to scale,
and usually comprise
a top view, a main
view and a side view
of the object or
building. They are
usually very detailed
and are often used as
blueprints for the
construction or
assembly of the
object.

4. Assignment: Write or Print
List 5 tools used in Drafting with definition.
List 5 equipment used in Drafting with definition.
List 5 materials used in Drafting with definition.

6. Words to
know:
•Reduce – make smaller or less in amount,
degree, or size.
•Smudge – a blurred or smeared mark on
the surface of something.
•Detachable – able to be removed or
separated from something.

7. Drawing tools are
used for drawing
and designing
purposes. Their
quality is very
essential if you
want to have a
good result.

8. Essential
Tools
1. Drawing Paper – It is used in
drawing. It is the foundation
of drawing.
2. Pencil Sharpener – It is used
to sharpen the tip of the pencil.

9. Marking/ Drawing
Tool
1. Drawing Pencil – It is used in drawing
and sketching. There are 3 grades of pencil,
namely:
a. Hard pencils – are used where extreme
accuracy is required especially working on
graphs, diagrams, and charts.
b. Medium pencils – are used for general
purpose work in drawing.
c. Soft pencils – are too soft to be used in
mechanical drafting. They are very useful
for artwork of various kinds.

10. Drawing
Template
1. Ellipse
Template – It is
used for drawing
ellipse or oval
shapes
accurately.

11. Erasing Tools
1. Erasing Shield – It is a useful tool to
protect the rest of the drawing when
clearing up smudges, unnecessary pencil
lines and other erasures
2. Eraser –It is used in erasing unnecessary
lines on the drawing paper.
a. Soft Eraser – advantageous in
removing smudges and pencil marks.
b. Hard Eraser – useful for making
changes and correcting errors in the
drawing.

12. Miscellaneous
Tools

13. Measuring Tools
1. Triangle – It is used in making
vertical lines. It is a three-sided
ruler, which typically has two
equal sides meeting at a 90-
degree angle and to a third side at
45, 30, including 60-degree angles.
2. Triangular Scale – This is a tool
generally used when reproducing
a drawing in an enlarged or
reduced form to some regular
proportion.

14. Measuring Tools
3. Compass – It is used
in making circles and
arcs.
4. Divider – It is used in
dividing and transferring
measurement.

15. Measuring Tools
5. Protractor – It is a semi-
circular instrument divided
into 180 equal parts, each
of which is called a degree.
It is used to determine
gradations of the degrees
when measuring arcs,
angles, and circles.
6. Ruler – It is used to
measure short distances.

16. Measuring Tools
7. T-Square – It is a drawing instrument used when
making horizontal lines. It is also used for guiding
triangles when drawing vertical lines. It is made of
wood, plastic, or the combination of both.
a. Fixed Head – the head is fastened
to the blade. It is used for ordinary
work.
b. Movable Head or Adjustable Head
- it has one fixed and one adjustable
head and used only for occasional
drawing.
c. Detachable Head or Removable
Head - it is designed for comfort
when carrying the T-Square.

18. Words to
know:
• Lend – grant to (someone) the use of
(something) on the understanding that it shall
be returned.
• Mishap – an unlucky accident..
• Strain – a force tending to pull or stretch
something to an extreme or damaging degree.

19. Safety Procedures in
Using Hand Tools and
Equipment
1. Workspace safety must be
observed properly.
2. Correct posture must be practiced
when using hand tools.
3. Use the proper personal protective
equipment necessary to protect
you from potential hazards.

20. Importance of
Proper Storage of
Tools and
Equipment
It is an important factor for safety
and health as well as good business.
Improves appearance of general-
shop and construction areas.
Reduces overall tool cost through
maintenance.
This also ensures that tools are in
good repair at hand.
Teaches workers principles of tool
accountability.

21. 1. Never lend or borrow drafting tools and
materials if may.
2. Avoid dropping your tools and equipment.
3. Never use measuring tools in cutting paper.
4. Wipe off the surface and edges of
triangles, rulers, and T-squares.
5. Have a separate container for marking
tools.
6. Sharpen and store your pencils after use.
7. Keep your drawing sheets in a plastic to
protect.
8. Find or create an organizer where you can
hang your measuring tools.
Proper Care and Maintenance

22. Procedures in
Cleaning,
Tightening and
Simple Repair
of Hand Tools,
Equipment,
and
Paraphernalia
1. The work area must always be kept neat
and tidy.
2. All tools and equipment must be placed in a
clean and dry place.
3. Clean tools and equipment work more
efficiently. This lessens the effort needed to
operate them and reduces the possibility of
mishaps.
4. Before cleaning any tool, be sure to wear
the proper personal protective equipment.
Gloves, masks and goggles are usually worn
when cleaning tools since most cleaning
agents and solutions are harmful to the
human body.

23. Procedures in
Cleaning,
Tightening and
Simple Repair
of Hand Tools,
Equipment,
and
Paraphernalia
5. Only use cleaning agents as
prescribed by the tool or equipment’s
manufacturer. Follow the cleaning
procedures as well to make sure that
no damage will be inflicted on the
tools.
6. Cleaning the tools after use is highly
recommended.
7. Tools with moving parts often suffers
losing of its parts. This is normal since
these segments keep on moving. A
tool with loose parts will not function
properly and may cause injuries.

24. Procedures in
Cleaning,
Tightening and
Simple Repair
of Hand Tools,
Equipment,
and
Paraphernalia
8. Gripping tools such as pliers is an
example that needs tightening. A
plier's rivet must be well tightened to
be able to grip properly.
9. Lubricants must also be applied after
tightening to reduce friction.
10. Driving tools’ handles must also be
tightened to reduce hand strain when
turning. A loosely connected handle
will make it almost impossible to use
it.