social organization

1. ORGANIZATIONS
PRESENTED BY: RABIA JAVED IQBAL

2. SOCIAL INTERACTIONS
It is a process by which men inter-penetrate the mind of each other.
Elements of social interactions
1. Two or more than two person
2. Reciprocal relationship among them
3. Influence on the event, behavior, brains of the person

3. TYPES OF SOCIAL INTERACTIONS
Direct or indirect interactions
 Involves physical actions i.e. biting, pulling killing etc.
Symbolic interactions
 Use of language or symbols i.e. conveying ideas through language

4. FORMS OF SOCIAL INTERACTIONS
1. Between individual and individual
2. Between individual and group
3. Between group and group
4. Between individual and culture

5. MEASUREMENT OF SOCIAL
INTERACTIONS
1. Frequency
2. Duration
3. Intensity
4. Focus

6. SOCIAL PROCESSES
The term social processes refer to the repetitive form of behavior which are commonly found in
social life.
It can be classified into two groups
1. Associative
2. Dis-associative

7. COOPERATION
The action or process of working together to the same end.
Types of cooperation
1. Direct cooperation
2. Indirect cooperation

8. DIRECT COOPERATION
Cooperation is the continuous and common endeavor of two or more persons to perform a task
or to reach a common goal.
The people cooperate on marriages, birth and other occasions
People cooperate in carrying ill person to the doctors

9. INDIRECT COOPERATION
People do unlike things to achieve the goals.
The owner of the mill and its workers cooperate with each other
The businessmen and the customers cooperate on selling rates

10. COMPETITION
Competition is the struggle for possession of rewards which are in limited supply—money,
goods, status, power, love—anything.
FORMS OF COMPETITION
Absolute and Relative competition
Personal and Impersonal competition

11. CULTURE AND COMPETITION
The cultures which are industrially and educationally advanced are called complex cultures. The
people compete in almost all the walks of life
Rural people run bullocks in plough and Persian wheels for competition

13. CONFLICT
“It is a process of seeking to monopolize rewards by eliminating or weakening the competitors”
Direct Conflict
The people seek to attain some objective by restraining, injuring or destroying one another.
Revolution and street fights are the examples.
Indirect Conflict
people do not restrain or injure others in seeking their ends but manage to attain their own
goals as the opponent cannot approach to his goal in anyway. These are the frequently occurring
instances in the social life of people.

15. ACCOMODATION
“The word accommodation has been used to designate the adjustments which people in groups
make to relieve the fatigue and tensions of competition and conflict.”
Categories
Adjustment with New Natural Conditions
Adjustment with New Social Conditions

16. FORMS OF ACCOMODATION
1. Truce
2. Compromise
3. Temporary sub-ordination
4. Arbitration
5. Toleration

17. ASSIMILATION
Two different individuals or groups which become similar by eliminating their cultural
differences.

19. ACCULTURATION
Cultural modification of an individual, group, or people by adapting to or borrowing traits from
another culture.
The acculturation of immigrants to american life
A merging of cultures as a result of prolonged contact.

20. AMALGAMATION
Amalgamation is the process by which a minority group and a majority group combine to form a
new group.
When India's Maruti Motors joined forces with Japan's Suzuki, they formed a new,
amalgamated company called Maruti Suzuki Limited