2. Technology and Livelihood Education – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Module 2: Industrial Arts-Automotive
First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.
Published by the Department of Education
Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Printed in the Philippines by ________________________
Department of Education – Caraga Region XIII-Learning Resource Management
Section (LRMS)
Office Address: J.P. Rosales Avenue, Butuan City
Telefax / Telephone: (085) 817-7141
E-mail Address: caraga@deped.gov.ph
Website: depedagnor.com
Development Team of the Module
Writers: Peter A. Lopez, Lynmarie A. Patricio, Josie M. Pujeda
Editors: Nilo R. Verdon, Grace A. Ando, Bernie R. Pamplona, Avelina C.
Duquesa, Rowena S. Timcang, Junel M. Anino, Arlyn Galbo
Reviewers:
Illustrator: Eduardo D. Ayo Jr.
Layout Artist: Bernie R. Pamplona and Junel M. Anino
Management Team: Francis Cesar B. Bringas, CESO V
Isidro M. Biol Jr.
Maripaz F. Magno
Josephine Chonie M. Obsenares
Romeo O. Aprovechar, CESO V
Rayfrocina T. Abao
Avelina C. Duquesa
Nilo R. Verdon
Editors:
Reviewers:
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team: Name of Regional Director
Name of CLMD Chief
Name of Regional EPS In Charge of LRMS
Name of Regional ADM Coordinator
Name of CID Chief
Name of Division EPS In Charge of LRMS
Name of Division ADM Coordinator
4. 2
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education 8 Alternative Delivery Mode
(ADM) Module on Industrial Arts-Automotive.
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
Notes to the Teacher
This contains helpful tips or strategies that will
help you in guiding the learners.
ii
5. 3
For the learner:
Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education 8 Alternative Delivery Mode
(ADM) Module on Industrial Arts – Automotive!
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.
What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to
check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link
the current lesson with the previous one.
What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be
introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.
What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the
lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.
What’s More This comprises activities for independent
practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank
sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.
What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.
iii
6. 4
Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given
to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.
Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the
module.
At the end of this module you will also find:
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
References This is a list of all sources used in developing
this module.
iv
7. 1
What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
on Carry out Measurement and Calculation Needed in Automotive. The scope of this
module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language
used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged
to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them
can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
This competency is covered in one lesson:
Learning Objective 2 – Carry out Measurement and Calculation
TLE_IAMSES9-12MC-If-9
1 Week
After going through this module, you are expected to:
2.1. Select measuring tools in line with job requirements
2.2. Obtain accurate measurements with job requirements
2.3. Perform calculations needed to complete work/task using
fundamental operation of mathematics
2.4. Use calculations involving fractions, percentage, and mixed numbers
to complete workplace tasks
2.5. Check correct and accurate numerical computation
2.6. Read instruments to the limit of accuracy of the tool
8. 2
What I Know
Pretest
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write it in your activity notebook.
1. It is an act or art of measuring.
A. calculation C. measurement
B. conversion D. mensuration
2. The act or process of calculating.
A. calculation C. measurement
B. conversion D. mensuration
3. The process of finding out the physical quantity in terms of time, distance,
temperature, etc.
A. calculation C. calculation
B. conversion D. measurement
4. The scale of a measuring tool.
A. graduation C. calculation
B. proportion D. volume
5. It serves as a measure of reference.
A. reference point C. starting point
B. standard D. unit of measure
6. It is an exchange from one unit of measure to another.
A. conversion C. dimension
B. calculation D. expansion
7. The system of measurement that is based on the meter and on the
kilogram.
A. British system C. metric system
B. English system D. universal system
8. The system of measurement using feet, pounds and seconds.
A. English system C. international system
B. metric system D. Universal system
9. The Metric system of measurement is also known as______.
A. British system C. international system
B. European system D. Unified system
9. 3
10. The measurable extend such as length thickness and width is called
________.
A. area C. distance
B. dimension D. perimeter
11.What fundamental operation to be used in converting inches to centimeter?
A. addition C. multiplication
B. division D. subtraction
12. How many inches are there in 1.5 feet?
A. 16 C. 18
B. 17 D. 19
13. What is the equivalent of one (1) meter to centimeters?
A. 10 C. 1,000
B. 100 D. 10,000
14.It refers to the preciseness of result as in mathematical solution which is free
from error.
A. accuracy C. calculation
B. approximation D. computation
15.It is a precision measuring instrument used to measure dimensions in
thousandths of an inch.
A. divider C. micrometer caliper
B. feeler gauge D. Vernier caliper
10. 4
What’s In
Directions: Match the description in column A to the measuring
tools/instruments in column B. Write the letter in your activity
notebook.
Column A Column B
1. It is used to measure the outside, inside diameter, as A. ruler
well as depth of hole and slot. B. dividers
2. A measuring tool with a thin strip of metal. C. torque wrench
with different thickness. D. feeler gauge
3. It is an instrument used in checking the F. compass
resistance, voltage and current. F. pull push rule
4. It is used for measuring the twisting force applied G. V.O.M. tester
when tightening bolts and nuts. H. clamp ammeter
5. A tool used for dividing distance I. vernier caliper
6. It is used for scribing arcs and angles. J. meter stick
7. A measuring device which is one (1) meter in length.
8. It is used for measuring short pieces of stock.
9. It is a long strip of thin sheet of metal with
corresponding increments in millimeter and inches
graduation. It is used for measuring stock and can be
bought in different sizes of length
10. This kind of tester is clamped in the wire itself.
It measures current in amperes.
11. 5
What’s New
Directions: Arrange the scrambled letters to form a new word that is related to
measurement.
Scrambled Letters Word
1. MILORETEK
2. DRAY
3. LIME
4. MEREST
5. CHINES
6. OFTO
7. TIRECEMENT
8. CRIMET
9. MESSTY
10.SHINGLE
12. 6
What is It
Lesson
1
Measurements and
Calculations
Unlocking of Technical Terms
Measuring tools- are used to measure the dimension of an object.
Micrometer caliper- a precision measuring instrument used to measure dimensions
in thousandths of an inch.
Meter Stick- a measuring device which is one (1) meter in length.
Calculation- the act or process of or result of calculating
Circumference- distance around the circle.
Dimension- measurable extend such as length, width and thickness.
Accuracy- the preciseness of result as in mathematical solution which is free from
error.
Measurement – an activity or task of getting the amount, size or quantity of a certain
thing or stock parts
Mensuration- act or art of measuring
Measuring - an activity or task of getting the amount, size or quantity of a certain
object, thing or stock/parts
Spark plug clearance – one thirty second to one sixteenth of an inch.
Graduation- scale of a measuring tool.
English system – the system that uses inch, foot and pound as units of
measure.
Metric system – system that uses millimeter, centimeter and meter as units of
measure or known as “International System” (SI).
Conversion – an exchange from one unit of measure to another.
13. 7
Introduction
A measuring tool is a device for measuring a physical quantity. In the
quality assurance, and engineering, measurement is the activity of getting and
comparing physical quantity of real-world objects and events.
Measuring Tools
1. Torque wrench is a special service tool for
measuring the twisting force applied when
tightening bolts and nuts.
2. Steel rule is a measuring strip of steel
available in various lengths in metric and
English system. It is available in 12, 24, 36 and
48 inches size. It is used in linear measurement
of short length or height.
3. Vernier Caliper is a tool used in measuring the
diameter of a circular work. It is used in
measuring the inside diameter whereas the
outside caliper is used in measuring
the outside diameter of an object.
4. Pull push rule - is long strip of thin sheet of metal
with corresponding increments in millimeter
and inches graduation. It is used for measuring
stock and can be bought in different sizes of length.
5. Feeler gauge is a thin strip of metal with
different thickness used to measure or set
gap and clearance between parts of mechanism.
Source: Illustrated by Eduardo D. Ayo Jr.
14. 8
6. Ruler- used for measuring short pieces of stock.
7. Dividers. These are used for measuring or
setting of distances, and to lay out arcs and circles.
8. Compass - used for scribing arcs and angles.
9. Protractor- used for laying out angles.
Measuring Instrument
1. V.O.M. tester (Volt Ohmmeter) is a multi-tester.
It is electrical instrument that measures or tests
the voltage, resistance and current in a circuit.
V.O.M. can be digital or analogue. Digital reading
have digitized screen and a direct number of data
can be read at once. Analogue reading has pointer that
determines the reading on the screen.
2. Clamp ammeter is also available in the market.
This kind of tester is clamped in the wire itself.
It measures current in amperes
Source: Illustrated by Eduardo D. Ayo Jr.
15. 9
Measurement Systems
Metric System is known as the most common measurement system used in most
places of the world. There are common prefixes used to represent as multipliers.
For example, in a distance of 2,000 meters can also be expressed as 2 Kilometers.
The Metric System or the International Systems (SI) use Meter as the basic unit of
measure divided into Decimeters, Centimeters, and Millimeters with the following
abbreviations when used.
Meter _ m Centimeter _ cm
Decimeter _ dm Millimeter _ mm
English System on the other hand it is also known as the British (US) System
likewise commonly used anywhere in the world. This system uses the Inch, Foot
and Pound as the basic units of measurement. Decimal inch based on tenths and
hundredths to simplify measurements. For better understanding of the systems
one must be familiar with the conversion of the English units of measurement to
the metric system and vice versa by applying the appropriate conversion factors
and procedures.
The basic measurement in the English system is the Yard divided into Feet
and Inches abbreviated as follows: Yard – Yd., Feet – Ft., and Inches as In.
The measuring tools available in the workshop contains English System in
one side and Metric System on the other. In the English System, the inch is divided
into 16 graduations. The first graduation reads 1/16, the second 2/16 or 1/8, the
third as 3/16 and so on.
A- English System
Reading an Inch Unit
1
1
16
16. 10
B- Metric System
In the Metric System (International System-SI), centimeters are divided into
ten (10) graduations where the first graduation reads as one (1) millimeter, the
second is two (2) millimeters and so on.
One centimeter has ten (10) millimeters, the fifth or five (5) millimeters reads
as point five or (.5) centimeter and so on.
Simple conversion of unit
Metric to Metric System
Units of Length in Metric System
1 meter (m) 1,000 millimeters (mm)
1 centimeters (cm) 10 millimeters (mm)
1 decimeter (dc) 10 centimeters (cm)
1 meter (m) 100 centimeters (cm)
1 hectometer (hm) 100 meters (mts)
1 kilometer (km) 1000 meters (mts)
Example1. Convert 4 meters into centimeters
Solution:
Formula: N= meter x centimeter
meter
Where; 1 meter = 100 centimeter
Substitution: N= 4 meters x100 cm
meter
N = 4 x 100 cm
N= 400cm
Therefore, 4 meters = 400 centimeters
or
20mm
.5cm
17. 11
Example 2. Convert 5 kilometers to meter
Solution:
Formula: N= kilometer x meter
Kilometer
Where; 1 kilometer = 1000 meters
Substitution: N= 5 kilometers x 1,000 meters
kilometer
N = 5 x 1,000 mts.
N =5,000 mts.
Therefore, 5 kms = 5,000 mts.
English to English System
UNITS OF LENGTH IN ENGLISH SYSTEM
1 foot (ft) 12 inches (in)
1 yard (yd) 3 feet (ft)
1 yard (yd) 36 inches (in)
1 mile (mi) 5,280 feet (ft)
Example:
1. How many inches are there in 17 feet?
Solution:
Formula: N= ft x inches
ft
Where; 1 ft = 12 inches
Substitution: N= 17 ft x 12 inches
ft
N = 17 x 12 inches
N= 204 inches
Therefore, 17 feet = 204inches
18. 12
Metric to English System
METRIC TO ENGLISH EQUIVALENT
1 Meter 39.37 inches (in)
1 Meter 3.28 feet (ft)
30.48 Centimeters 1 foot (ft)
25.4 Millimeters 1 inch (in)
1 Kilometer 1093.6 yard (yd)
Example:
Convert 3 meters to inches
Solution:
Formula: N = meter x inch
meter
Where: 1 meter = 39.37 inches
Substitution: N = 3 meters x 39.37 inches
meter
N = 3 x 39.37 inches
N = 118.11 inches
Therefore, 3 meters = 118.11 inches
English to Metric System
ENGLISH TO METRIC EQUIVALENT
1 inch 2.54 cm
1 foot 30.48 cm
1 yard 91.44 cm
19. 13
Example:
12 inches = __________ cm
Solution:
Formula: N= inch x cm
inch
Where: 1 inch = 2.54 cm
Substitution: N = 12 inches x 2.54 cm
1 inch
N = 12 x 2.54 cm
N = 30.48 cm
Therefore, 12 inches = 30.48cm
Perform Basic Calculations Needed to Complete the Task
1. Mr. Lopez wanted to change his motorcycle chain, so he bought
new one with 115.5 cm long but when he installed, it was short
by 5.08 cm. What was the length of the original sprocket chain?
Solution:
Formula: N = New Length + Shortage
Let N is the original sprocket chain
Substitution: N =115.5 cm. + 5.08 cm.
N = 120.58 cm
Therefore, the length of the original chain is equal to120.58 cm.
2. Mr. Ernesto was tasked to install a tail light of a motorcycle. The
distance between the tail light and the switch to connect is 25
1
4
inches. Since he needs 3 wires to complete the wiring, how long is
the needed wire?
20. 14
Solution:
Formula: N = Distance x Number of wires in the circuit
Let N = the total length of the needed wire
Substitution: N =25
1
4
inches x 3
N = (25 inches x 3) + (
1
4
inch x 3)
N = 75 inches +(
1
4
inch x
3
1
)
N = 75 inches +
3
4
N = 75
3
4
inches
Therefore, the total length of the needed wire is 75
3
4
inches.
3. A costumer in a motorcycle shop bought 3 hydraulic hose with
the length of 3
1
2
m, 1
1
4
m and
1
2
m respectively. What is the total
length of the hose bought by the costumer?
Solution:
Formula: N = L1 + L2 + L3
Let N = Total length of hydraulic hose
Substitution: N = 3
1
2
m + 1
1
4
m +
1
2
m
N = (3m +1m) + (
1
2
m +
1
4
m +
1
2
m)
Find the Least Common Denominator (LCD)
N = 4m + (
1
2
m +
1
4
m +
1
2
m)
N = 4m + (
2
4
m +
1
4
m +
2
4
)
N = 4 m +
5
4
m
N = 4 m +
5
4
m
N = 4 m + 1
1
4
m
N = 5
1
4
m
Therefore, the total length of hydraulic hose is 5
1
4
m.
21. 15
4. Mr. Victor has 6 meters automotive wire, he divided the wire into
4 equal lengths. What is the measurement of each wire?
Solution:
Formula: N = Length of the wire
4
Let N = Measurement of each wire
Substitution: N = 6 m
4
N = 1.5 m
Therefore, the measurement of each wire is 1.5 meters
22. 16
What’s More
Directions: Perform the basic calculations based on the
conversion table. Do it in your activity notebook.
1. Convert 5.5 feet into inches.
2. How many 1/8 of an inch are there in 2 inches?
3. What is the equivalent of 2.75 meters into centimeters?
4. If your height is 5 feet and 3 inches, what is your height in
centimeters?
5. When you combine 2 ½ inches and 5.8 centimeters. What is
the result in inches?
23. 17
What I Have Learned
Directions: Choose the correct word/s inside the box to complete the
thought of the paragraph. Write your answer in your activity notebook.
.
The good performance of a motorcycle lies on the condition of the engine. In
selecting an automotive 1.) ____________ depends on the need or the requirements of
a specific task.
In a situation of a motorcycle which does not start, it needs to check the
continuity of the current using 2.) _________ in the starting coil. After checking the
condition, open the spark plug and check the clearance or gap using the 3.) ________.
Pull out the cylinder head of the motor engine to check cylinder head gasket for
possible defect. Put back the cylinder head with the gasket and tighten the bolt using
a 4.) _________ to get the prescribed twisting force.
In obtaining an accurate measurement of the spark plug gap or clearance, we
must observe a 5.) ___________ to 6.) ___________ of an inch gap using the feeler gauge.
In performing calculations there is a need to understand the basic
7.) ____________ operation of mathematics that involves fractions, percentage and
mixed numbers in order to complete the task.
feeler gauge torque wrench
pull push rule volt ohmmeter
one thirty seconds one sixteenth
fundamental measuring tool/instrument
24. 18
What I Can Do
Directions: Answer the following questions using the correct formula. Do it in your
activity notebook. (5 points each)
1. You are tasked to perform an auto-electrical wiring on ignition system, you are
required to bring an automotive wire with the length of 2 ½ ft, 3 ¼ ft, 4 1/3 ft
and 5 ½ ft. What is the total length of an automotive wire?
2. The replacement handle bar of the motorcycle is 10.5 centimeter longer than
the original. If the length of the replacement handle bar is 80.30 cm, what is
length of the original handle bar?
3. How many feet are there in 40 centimeters?
4. How many centimeters are there in 3.5 meters?
5. How many inches are there in 5 ¼ feet?
25. 19
Assessment
Posttest
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write it in your activity notebook.
1. What fundamental operation to be used in converting inches to centimeter?
A. addition C. multiplication
B. division D. subtraction
2. How many inches are there in 1.5 feet?
A. 16 C. 18
B. 17 D. 19
3. What is the equivalent of one (1) meter to centimeters?
A. 10 C. 1,000
B. 100 D. 10,000
4. It refers to the preciseness of result as in mathematical solution
which is free from error.
A. accuracy C. calculation
B. approximation D. computation
5. It is a precision measuring instrument used to measure dimensions in
thousandths of an inch.
A. divider C. micrometer caliper
B. feeler gauge D. Vernier caliper
6. It is an act or art of measuring.
A. calculation C. measurement
B. conversion D. mensuration
7. The act or process of calculating.
A. calculation C. measurement
B. conversion D. mensuration
8. The process of finding out the physical quantity in terms of time, distance,
temperature, etc.
A. calculation C. calculation
B. conversion D. measurement
9. The scale of a measuring tool.
A. graduation C. calculation
B. proportion D. volume
26. 20
10.It serves as a measure of reference.
A. reference point C. starting point
B. standard D. unit of measure
11.It is an exchange from one unit of measure to another.
A. conversion C. dimension
B. calculation D. expansion
12.The system of measurement that is based on the meter and on the
kilogram.
A. British system C. metric system
B. English system D. universal system
13.The system of measurement using feet, pounds and seconds.
A. English system C. International system
B. Metric system D. Universal system
14.The Metric system of measurement is also known as______.
A. British system C. International system
B. European system D. Unified system
15. The measurable extend such as length thickness and width is called
________.
A. area C. distance
B. dimension D. perimeter
27. 21
Additional Activities
Directions: Answer the questions brieftly. Write your answer in your activity
notebook.
1. Why measurement is important in your daily life?
2. How will you select an appropriate automotive measuring tools?
29. 23
References
Department of Education. K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and
Livelihood Education Learning Module Automotive Servicing – Learning Module
Exploratory Course Grade -7 and Grade -8. Pasig City: DepEd, 2013.
Department of Education. K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and
Livelihood Education Learning Module Electrical Installation Maintenance – Learning
Module Exploratory Course Grade -7 and Grade -8. Pasig City: DepEd, 2013.
Department of Education. K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and
Livelihood Education Learning Module SMAW- Welding-Learning Module Exploratory
Course Grade -7 and Grade -8. Pasig City: DepEd, 2013.
Pass Assured, LLC, Pharmacy Technician Training Systems, “Calculations,
Fractions, Decimals, and Percent”, Retrieved from
https://student.passassured.com/flash/section_tutorials/learn/calc_04_web_old/
2.html
Math is fun, “Area of Plane Shapes” Retrieved from
https://www.mathsisfun.com/area.html , on 2018
The world of Math Online “Volume Formulas”, Retrieved from
http://www.math.com/tables/geometry/volumes.htm
Lumen Prealgebra, “Finding the Volume and Surface Area of Rectangular Solids”
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/prealgebra/chapter/finding-the-volume-and-
surface-area-of-rectang ular-solids/
Photo/Illustration
Eduardo D. Ayo Jr.
30. 24
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)
Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex
Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600
Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985
Email Address: blr.lrqad@deped.gov.ph * blr.lrpd@deped.gov.ph
