Transgenic plants are plants into which one or more genes from another species have been introduced into the genome, using genetic engineering processes. Techniques include the biolistic method—in which a heavy metal is coated with plasmid DNA is shot into cells—and Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation.

1. 福建农林大学
Agri- entomology and insects control
plant protection
PPT presentation
Topic : Research progress on the evaluation techniques and
methods for environmental safety of transgenic plants.
Prepared by :Salah Mahmoud Mohamed .
MS: STUDENT.
ID: 12331003002
Supervisor :Professor lin sheng

2. CONTENTS.
 Introduction.
 The objective of using transgenic plants.
 Potential Benefits of transgenic plant.
 Are transgenic plants safe for the environment?
 Agrobactrium Method
 Gene Gun Method.
 Impacts.
 Conclusion.

3. INTRODUCTION :
 In the world today, technological and scientific advancement has become a
veritable tool in improving the life of humans. One of such advancements is
biotechnology which is being applied in agriculture to produce improved crops
and to increase crops yields.
 Using the Agro bacterium-mediated transformation and the gene gun methods
as one of the research progress regarding developing plant variety through
inserting gene from organism to another .This can give them new or improved
characteristics, such as resistance to pests, herbicides, or environmental stress.

4. INTRODUCTION CONT.
 Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is a valuable tool for plant genetic
engineering, but careful consideration should be given to strain selection and
optimization to maximize transformation efficiency and minimize immune
responses.
 The particle bombardment, also known as the gene gun, is a direct physical
method of gene delivery (introducing nucleic acids into cells).

5. THE OBJECTIVE OF USING TRANSGENIC CROPS.
 Transgenic crops have been produced that are resistant to infectious
diseases and grow faster.
 Obtain a species that has ideal traits , high yield and quality .
 Contribute to reducing the hunger around the world .
 To enhance its nutritional value , as seen in the case of golden rice
and GM mustard.

6. POTENTIAL BENEFITS
• Herbicide
tolerance
• Yield
increase
• Insect
resistance
• Virus
tolerance
Nutrient
enhancement
Drought
Resistance
Higher
production
High
regulation

7. ARE TRANSGENIC PLANTS SAFE FOR THE ENVIRONMENT?
 Transgenic plants have the potential to enhance crop productivity and
remediate environmental contaminants, but there are concerns about their
safety for the environment. Studies have shown that transgenic plants can
successfully remove heavy metals and metalloids from contaminated areas .
 While transgenic plants offer benefits such as reduced environmental impact
from pesticides and increased yield, it is important to address the potential
risks and take pragmatic decisions to ensure their safe release.

8. AGRO BACTERIUM
 Agro bacterium is a living organism
that can naturally transfer its DNA into
plant cells. The most widely used
bacterium for GM plants is Agro
bacterium tumefaciens, which causes a
disease called crown gall in plants.
 These are some of the methods of
development of genetically modified
plants that are currently used by
scientists and biotechnologists

9. AGRO BACTERIUM CONT..
 Agro bacterium-mediated transformation is a widely used method for
introducing foreign genes into plants. It offers several advantages, including
the ability to transfer genes into a wide range of plant species.
 Agro bacterium strains have been optimized to enhance transformation
efficiency, resulting in a collection of useful strains for different plant species.

10. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES .
Advantages
This method is more precise and less damaging than the gene gun.
Disadvantages
 Only transfer DNA from certain sources and it may not work for all plant
species.
 The need for long tissue culture periods to recover transgenic plants.
 The host-range limitations of certain Agrobacterium species.

11. GENE DELIVERY SYSTEMS. ( GENE GUN).
 A gene gun is a device that shoots tiny metal particles coated with the desired DNA
into plant cells. The DNA then integrates into the plant's genome and expresses the
new trait.
 This method can be used to transfer DNA from any source, including other plants,
animals, or microorganisms. A gene gun can also introduce multiple genes at once,
but it is not very precise and can cause damage to the plant cells.

12. GENE DELIVERY SYSTEMS (GENE GUN).

13. IMPACTS
 The impact of transgenic plants on soil quality is temporary and inconsistent,
with other factors such as location, weather conditions, and management
system having a greater influence.
 Concerns regarding human health and environmental sustainability have been
raised, and regulatory issues may arise with the use of transgenic plants in
phytoremediation
 The biosafety of transgenic organisms, particularly the leakage of transgenes
through cross-pollination, is a concern, and naturally transgenic plants can
serve as a model for studying the environmental risks associated with
transgene leakage.

14. CONCLUSION
 Genetically modified plants are plants that have been altered by introducing
new genes or modifying existing ones.
 They have been developed for various purposes, such as improving crop
yield, enhancing nutritional quality, increasing resistance to pests and
diseases.
 However, genetically modified plants also pose potential risks to human
health and the environment, such as allergenicity, gene flow, loss of
biodiversity, and ethical concerns. Therefore, the use of genetically modified
plants should be carefully evaluated and regulated on a case-by-case basis,
taking into account the benefits and drawbacks of each application.