This document discusses various reference guides, sources, and services used in information and reference work. It covers topics such as pathfinders, readers' advisory, social media like Pinterest, aggregation, and content curation. It also discusses moving reference sources from print to electronic formats, including e-books, online journals, and maps. Key tools and concepts are defined, such as pathfinders, readers' advisory interviews, top readers' advisory tools, the role of content curators, and different types of aggregators. Tips are provided for skills like conducting readers' advisory interviews and expanding readers' areas of interest.

1. REFERENCE GUIDES &
REFERENCE SOURCES IN
ADVANCED INFORMATION/
REFERENCE SERVICE
Service
with a
Smile

2. REFERENCE GUIDES & REFERENCE SOURCES IN
ADVANCED INFORMATION/REFERENCE SERVICE
1. Pathfinders
2. Readers’ Advisory
3. Pinterest (Social Media)
4. Aggregation
5. Content Curation
6. Electronic Resources from Print to Electronic Format

3. PATHFINDERS
→ Pathfinders were first introduced in the 1950s as booklists of
recommended readings on a particular topic or of a particular genre
(Dunsmore, 2002).
→ A pathfinder is a guide for researchers. It has been used in libraries for
many years to save researchers time, and to help them avoid frustrating
dead ends.

4. PATHFINDERS
→ A pathfinder is a document that guides a person to resources on a
particular topic. The resources usually include books, Web sites, helpful
search terms for the Internet or OPAC and any other pertinent items.
→Pathfinders help library patrons find information, learn about library
resources and physical space, and develop research strategies.
→ A subject bibliography designed to lead the user through the process
of researching specific topic, or any topic in a given field or discipline,
usually in a systematic, step by step way, making use of the best finding
tools the library has to offer.

6. Library Pathfinders in Science

7. West Virginia History

13. What is the latest book that you read?
What is your favorite book?
How many books did you read?
Who are your favorite author/s?
Do you have personal collection of books?
What genre of books do you prefer?

14. →One of the greatest strength of libraries is the ability to provide “personal
touch” assistance. Indeed, the capacity to personalize service is what
distinguishes us from our competitors. Face-to-face readers’ advisory is a
service that our patrons particularly value.
→ Connecting people with books
→ Connecting readers with authors / writers
→ Find the right book for the right person at the right
time
→ Helping readers find the best, most enjoyable
reading that matches their needs, interests, and
reading level

15. The Role of Readers’ Adviser
is to help narrow down
choices to a manageable
number of suggestions that
match the reader’s stated
interest and tastes.

16. TOP TEN READERS’ ADVISORY TOOLS
1. NoveList/NoveList Plus (www.ebscohost.com/novelist)
2. Readers’ Advisory Online and the Genreflecting Series
(http://rainfo.lu.com/)
3. Books and Authors and the What Do I Read
Next? Series
(www.gale.cengage.com/booksand authors/)
4. AllReaders.com
5. BookSpot.com
Cassell &
Hiremath

17. TOP TEN READERS’ ADVISORY TOOLS
6. EarlyWord.com
7. FictionDB.com
8. Fiction_L (www.webrary.org/RS/FLmenu.html)
9. AudioFile Magazine
(www.audiofilemagazine.com/audiofileplus.html
10. Reader’s Guide to Genre Fiction

18. READERS' ADVISORY TOOLS &
RESOURCES
Be familiar with current and popular books and know your collection
Be aware of and read popular review sources like,
New York Times Book Review section
Publisher's Weekly
People Magazine
Time Magazine
Oprah
Today Show
Goodreads
Shelfari by Amazon.com
Amazon.com
LibraryThing
FictionDB
Nancy Pearl's Northbrook Public Library Reading Lists
Minnesota Opportunities for Reference Excellence

19. READING LIST PROVIDED BY
PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATION
1. Association for Library Services to Children
2. International Reading Association
3. Children Books Council
4. Center for Children’s Book

20. CHILDREN’S BOOK PUBLISHER IN THE
PHILIPPINES

21. What skills does it involve?
→Willingness to read widely to become familiar both fiction and non-
fiction
→ Knowledge of patrons
→Understanding the appeal of books
→Mastery of the readers' advisory interview/Tips
READERS’ ADVISORY

22. “GIVE A READER…
“Give a reader a good book
and you feed her for a day;
teach a reader how to find a
good book and you feed her
for a lifetime.”
OpenShelf.CA

23. → is a social media web and mobile application company. It operates a software
system designed to enable saving and discovery of information on the World Wide
Web using images and, on a smaller scale, GIFS and videos. The site was founded
by Ben Silbermann, Paul Sciarra, and Evan Sharp. Pinterest has reached 300 million
monthly actives users as of August 2019.
→ it allows users to visually share, and discover new interests by posting (known as
'pinning' on Pinterest) images or videos to their own or others' boards and browsing
what other users have pinned.
→ The social network's goal is to "connect everyone in the world through the 'things'
they find interesting.“
PINTEREST

26. AGGREGATION
→A service that allows a customer to view related information from a wide
range of online sources on one website. - The Free Dictionary
→ An aggregation is a collection, or the gathering of things together.
→ Aggregation comes from the Latin ad, meaning to, and gregare,
meaning herd. So the word was first used to literally mean to herd or to
flock. - vocabulary.com
→ Late Latin aggregātiōn-, aggregātiō "gathering together," from
Latin aggregāre "to cause to flock together – Merriam-Webster Dictionary

27. AGGREGATORS
→ a website or program that collects related items of content and display
them on links to them - The Free Dictionary
→ someone or something that gathers together materials from a variety of
sources – Merriam-Webster
→ a website or software application that aggregates information from
various sources - Chris Taylor

28. THE IMPORTANCE OF AGGREGATORS
→ Aggregators are one of the important content providers for libraries.
Libraries have been working with publishers and aggregators for many
years.
→ Users in digital libraries often expect a seamless, integrated,
transparent network that allows them to link quickly and painlessly to
documents they seek. They want easy access to full text and content
providers.

29. AGGREGATORS
3 Kinds of Aggregation
1. Hosting Aggregators
→ Primary publishers simply pay content hosts for the services that they need. This means that, in
general, these host companies cannot afford to be selective about the subject area (or indeed
quality) of the content that they host.
→ The lack of selectivity of the majority of content hosts has not impinged on their success.
Example:
Ovid, SilverPlatter, CatchWord, Highwire Press, Allen Press, the American Institute of Physics, the
hosting services of Ingenta

30. AGGREGATORS
3 Kinds
2. Gateways Aggregators
→ The gateway is a large collection of links to publishers’ full-text content.
The gateway does not host the full text. The gateway does not own
information in full text, usually an abstract and other key ‘header’ information,
such as author, article title and other standard article metadata. It uses this
information to provide its users with an adequate set of information to
support a browsing function and a searching function, but not inclusive of
searching the full text.

31. AGGREGATORS
3 Kinds
2. Gateways Aggregators
Example:
→ Subscription Agencies as Gateway Service Providers
• SwetsNet, RoweCom, Informatics (J-Gat)
→ Traditional Abstracting & Indexing Producers/Publishers
• BIOSIS, INSPEC,
→ Third Party Link Service Providers
• CrossRef • SFX from ExLibris (Open URL)

32. AGGREGATORS
3 Kinds
3. Full-Text Aggregators
→ is a company that creates databases of full-text articles, defined by
subject area and sold as a single product, rather than as individual
subscriptions to components of the database
Example :
→ Annual Lease Access Models such as ProQuest and EBSCO
→ Perpetual Access models with archiving space for the library such as Ovid,
OCLC

36. CONTENT CURATION
→ is the process of selecting, sorting and arranging content on a specific topic
or theme, adding value and meaning to what has been curated for your users.
→ is the process of sorting through the vast amounts of content on the web
and presenting it in a meaningful and organized way around a specific theme.
The work involves sifting, sorting, arranging, and publishing information.
→ is the act of continually identifying, selecting and sharing the best and most
relevant online content and other online resources on a specific subject to
match the needs of a specific audience. - Ann Handley

37. CONTENT CURATION
Librarian’s curation tool
in 20th century is a
vertical file.

38. CONTENT CURATION
Tools for Content Curation
1. News Discovery Tools
→ save time by feeding you the most relevant content
a. following a hashtag on Twitter
b. personal magazines on FlipBoard
c. curations on Feedly

39. CONTENT CURATION
Tools for Content Curation
2. Curation tools
→ are used to collect, annotate and present information sources
around a particular topic or theme
a. DigitalNZ
b. DigitalNZ guide
c. LiveBinders
d. BagTheWeb
e. Pinterest
f. Pearltrees

40. CONTENT CURATION
Tools for Content Curation
3. Sharing Tools
→ select which networks you share your content curated content on.
You might share the content on Twitter and Facebook or some
people will choose curated content via curationtools such as
Scoop.IT, Pinterest, Flipboard Magazine

41. CONTENT CURATION
Example of curated collections
Heaton Learning Resource Centre
→ At the Heaton Learning Resource Centre in Christchurch,
librarian Jane Boniface supports inquiry learning using a web
page. This links out to databases, curated collections and also to
book resources within the library.

42. CONTENT CURATION
The curator's role involves
creating a new experience for
user with information they've
found.
Curation is not only about
presenting other people’s work.

43. CONTENT CURATION

45. 1. e-books
2. Online Journals
3. Online Books
4. Online Encyclopaedia
5. Kindle Books
6. Maps
REFERENCE SOURCES FROM PRINT TO
ELECTRONIC FORMAT

50. REFERENCES
The pathfinder project. (n.d.). Retrieved September 19, 2019, from State Library of Iowa:
https://www.statelibraryofiowa.org/ld/i-j/infolit/toolkit/geninfo/pathfinders
Kapoun, J. M. (1995). Re-thinking the library pathfinder. Retrieved September
19, 2019, from https://beatleyweb.simmons.edu/~watkins/rethinking.pdf
Vileno, L. (2007). From paper to electronic, the evolution of pathfinders: A review of the
literature. Reference Services Review, 35(3), 434-451.
doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00907320710774300
Do-it-yourself Readers’ advisory: empowering the user. (2015, February 15). Retrieved
September 19, 2019, from Open Shelf: https://open-shelf.ca/do-it-yourself-ra/
Sangwan, R. (2006). Encyclopedia of library and information science. New Delhi: Anmol
Publications Pvt. Ltd.
University libraries. (n.d.). Retrieved from The University of Arizona: https://new.library.arizona.edu

51. Library pathfinders. (n.d.) Retrieved from Bullitt Country Public Library:
https://bcplib.org/pathfinders/
Food for all. (n.d.). Retrieved from UCSB Answers: http://food.ucsb.edu/about/learn/resource-guides
Bogie, A. (n.d.). Readers advisory. Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=71zOVJXUkjI
Readers' Advisory. (n.d.) Retrived from Minnesota Opportunities for Reference Excellence:
https://sites.google.com/a/umn.edu/more/part-4-reader-s-advisory
Ciar, A. (2017-2018). Library pathfinder in science. Retrieved from
http://library.ust.edu.ph/assets/PathfinderScience.pdf
Meng, A. (2019, January 14). What is pinterest, and how does it work. Retrieved from:
https://www.infront.com/blog/the-blog/what-is-pinterest-and-how-does-it-work
Curating content . (n.d). Retrieved from National Library:
https://natlib.govt.nz/schools/digital-literacy/strategies-for-developing-digital-literacy/curating-content
REFERENCES

52. REFERENCES
Bopp, R. E., Smith, L. (2011) Reference and information services: an introduction. 4th ed. California:
ABC-CLIO, LLC
Cassell, K. A., Hireman, U. (2011). Reference and information services in the 21st century: an
introduction. 2nd ed. New York: Neal-Schuman Publisher, Inc.
Robertson, N. D. ((n.d)). Retrieved from Content curation and the school librarian:
http://www.ala.org/aasl/sites/ala.org.aasl/files/content/aaslpubsandjournals/knowledgequest/docs/KQNovDec1
12_OE_TAGS.pdf
Inger, S. (2001). The importance of aggregators. Retrieved from Learned Publishing. 14, 287–290.:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1087/095315101753141383
Moghaddam, G.G., Moballegh, M. (n.d.). The Importance of Aggregators for Libraries in the Digital
Era. Retrived from:
http://eprints.rclis.org/11331/1/The_Importance_of_Aggregators_for_Libraries_in_the_Digital%E2%80%A6.pdf

53. • Establish an open and welcoming climate.
• Elicit information from the reader about their reading materials.
• Use appropriate listening techniques.. Listen to what is important to the
reader.
• Verify what the reader said.
• Exhibit enthusiasm about the reading and the interests of readers.
• Establish patron’s time parameters.
Competencies in Readers’ Advisory

54. APPEAL OF BOOKS
Genre: Does the patron enjoy mysteries, biographies, or romance novels?
Setting: Where is the story set? One city or around the world? Outdoors?
Time: When is the story taking place? Past, present, future?
Length: Does the patron like short stories or epic novels?
Hero: Is the main character innocent or sophisticated? Is there one hero or
many?
Plot: Does the story have a point? Is there a definite beginning and end?
Pacing: Does the author move the story with action or dialogue?
Subject: What or who is the book ultimately about?

55. • Expand the reader’s area of interest.
• Make suggestions in non-judgmental way
• Suggest specific works that relate to what the reader said was
important.
• Match the patron’s terminology and approach.
• Interact with all readers appropriately, fairly, and respectfully
• Analyze the interests and tastes of readers.
• Be open about personal familiarity and experience with a genre, title
etc..
•
Competencies in Readers’ Advisory

56. Step 1: Initial listening period (opens channels of
communication)
Step 2: Suggesting titles (open dialogue on books)
Step 3: Offer ongoing assistance
Readers' Advisory Interview

57. READERS’ ADVISORY TIPS/INTERVIEW

58. FIVE LAWS OF LIBRARY SCIENCE
1. Books are for use
2. Every person his or her book
3. Every book its reader
4. Save the time of the reader
5. Library is a growing organism

59. GATEWAY
• A gateway is a data communication device that provides a remote network with connectivity to a host
network.
• A gateway device provides communication to a remote network or an autonomous system that is out of
bounds for the host network nodes. Gateways serve as the entry and exit point of a network; all data
routed inward or outward must first pass through and communicate with the gateway in order to use
routing paths. Generally, a router is configured to work as a gateway device in computer networks.
• A gateway is a network node used in telecommunications that connects two networks with different
transmission protocols together. Gateways serve as an entry and exit point for a network as all data
must pass through or communicate with the gateway prior to being routed. In most IP-based networks,
the only traffic that does not go through at least one gateway is traffic flowing among nodes on the
same local area network (LAN) segment. The term default gateway or network gateway may also be
used to describe the same concept.

60. Flipboard lets you create your own digital magazine by combining updates
from social feeds and news sources, so you can read it whenever you have
time.

61. Feedly is one of the simplest free content curation software solutions around. With Feedly, you can
easily keep up with content from multiple sites or topics, and label your groups of feeds for easy
reference.

62. Pearltrees is a free, ad-supported content curation tool that lets you organize and share
content you’re interested in. Additional features such as creating private collections,
removing ads, customizing your curations, and offline mobile access, are available with
paid plans. These start at $2.99 per month.

63. DigitalNZ has more than 30 million digital items from 200 content
partners. This makes New Zealand digital content, from the 19th
century to today, easy to discover and use. DigitalNZ provides access
to:
•images — including art works, maps, posters and photographs
•audio — including interviews
•videos
•newspapers
•books
•articles
•research papers.

66. OTHERS
https://teacherchallenge.edublogs.org/pln-curation/
https://www.ebsco.com/blog/article/partners-across-the-accessibility-ecosystem
http://www.libellarium.org/index.php/libellarium/article/view/212/305#closeModal
https://press.rebus.community/scholarlyreading/chapter/the-scholarly-publishing-ecosystem/
https://optinmonster.com/best-content-curation-tools/