The main focus of the presentation is the use of radio as a tool for international communication. It discusses the historical significance of radio broadcasting, its role in international relations, and its continued relevance in the modern world. The presentation also highlights the widespread accessibility of radio and its potential for future use in international communication.

1. RADIO AS A TOOL OF
INTERNATIONAL
ANIKET SINGH CHAUHAN | 19/564

2. In 1893 the inventor Nikolai
Tesla demonstrated a wireless
radio in St. Louis, Missouri.
Despite this demonstration,
Guglielmo Marconi is the
person most often credited as
the father and inventor of the
radio. It was Marconi that was
awarded the very first wireless
telegraphy patent in England
in the year 1896, securing his
spot in radio's history. Tesla got
his patent in 1900.
CONTESTED HISTORY
THE
INVENTION

3. NASCENT
BEGINNINGS
THE FIRST WORLD WAR
During the war, the military used it almost
exclusively and it became an invaluable
communication tool in without the need
for a physical messenger. In the 1920s,
following the war, civilians began to
purchase radios for private use.
BEFORE WORLD WAR 1
Prior to the 1920s, the radio was primarily
used to contact ships that were out at sea.
Radio communications were not very
clear, so operators typically relied on the
use of Morse code messages.

4. FIRST RADIO STATIONS
BBC
UNITED KINGDOM
1922
UKRAINIAN RADIO
USSR
1924
KDKA
USA
1920
ABC (AS 2SB)
AUSTRALIA
1923
COMINTERN RADIO
USSR
1924
NIPPON HŌSŌ KYŌKAI
IMPERIAL JAPAN
1924
RADIO PTT
FRANCE
1924
RADIO CLUB BOMABY
BRITISH INDIA
1922

5. INTERNATIONAL
RADIO BROADCASTING
EXPLODED BOTH IN POPULARITY
AND IMPORTANCE IN THE
PRELUDE TO THE SECOND
WORLD WAR

6. UNITED STATES
After USA entered the war in 1940, it massively
invested in radio propaganda. The day after the
attack on Pearl Harbor, President Roosevelt
delivered his famous Infamy Speech to the
United States, which was broadcast to the
American people. By 1942, the most famous radio
program airing overseas became known as the
"Voice of America." Other famous programs
included "Fireside Chats" with Rooselvelt
UNITED KINGDOM
By the start of World War II the BBC had been
established for around 17 years and had star
presenters like Edward R. Murrow. For the British,
it was clear that large numbers of civilians could
be mobilized for a massive war effort through
persuasive techniques derived from the emerging
disciplines of behavioral psychology and social
sciences.
THE SECOND
WORLD WAR

7. NAZI GERMANY
The radio was an important tool of the Nazi
propaganda efforts and it has been argued
that it was the Nazis who pioneered the use
of what was still a relatively new technology.
A few months after the break out of World
War II, German propagandists were
transmitting no less than eleven hours a day
of programs, offering most of them in English
as well. Joseph Goebbles wanted to convey
to the world the idea that Nazism was an
acceptable political idea and his first radio
broadcasts were performances by some of
Germany’s top orchestras and opera singers.
Once this approach had bedded down, he
introduced a system whereby little messages
were broadcast piece by piece – spreading
the words of Hitler in a minimalistic way at
first.
REICHS-RUNDFUNK-GESELLSCHAFT
(REICH BROADCASTING
CORPORATION)
VOLKSEMPFÄNGER OR THE
PEOPLE'S RADIO
JOSEPH GOEBBELS, MINISTER OF PUBLIC
ENLIGHTENMENT AND PROPAGANDA

8. HOME SWEET HOME
Hosted by American Mildred Gillars "Axis Sally"
for RRG attempted to exploit the fears of
American soldiers about the home front. The
broadcasts were designed to make the
soldiers cast doubt on their mission, their
leaders, and their prospects after the war.
GI JILL
Hosted by Virginia Allen from Agra, India, the
show was sponsored by US's Armed Forces
Radio Service to counter Japanese
propaganda, homesick troops and increase
morale.
GERMANY CALLING
Hosted by "Lord Haw-Haw" William Joyce for
RRG attempted to discourage and
demoralize British, Canadian, Australian, and
American troops and the British population
within radio range to suppress the
effectiveness of the Allied war effort through
propaganda and to motivate the Allies to
agree to peace terms leaving the Nazi regime
intact and in power
THE ZERO HOUR
These were a series of Japanese propaganda
shows hosted by Foumy (Madame Tojo),
Saisho and Myrtle (Little Margie) Lipton, and
Iva Toguri D'Aquino (Orphan Ann). Also called
Tokyo Rose, they played American music, told
stories of American soldiers' women cavorting
with other men at home, casted doubts on
American war efforts, capabilities and leaders.
PROPAGANDA SHOWS

9. THE COLD WAR

10. FIRST
WORLD
NATO
Led by the United States.
Comprised of the western
world along with Japan,
Australia, South Korea and
Taiwan
SECOND
WORLD
WARSAW PACT
Led by the USSR. Comprised
of most communist and
socialist nations around the
globe
THIRD
WORLD
NON-ALIGNED MVMT
Initiated by India.
Comprised of all the
nations not part of the
preceding two groups.
THE
SIDES

11. The unprecedented use of radio
in the Second World War paved
the way for propaganda and
international communications
in the Cold War which lasted
between 1945 and 1991. During
this time, communist and non-
communist countries tried to
influence each other’s domestic
population by using the
medium of radio.
HOW WAS RADIO
USED DURING THE
COLD WAR?
THE RADIO STATIONS
Radio Moscow
USSR
Voice of America
USA
Radio Free Europe/ Radio Liberty
USA and Europe
BBC, UK
Tanjug, Yugoslavia
All India Radio,
India
Radio Peking
China PR

12. INTERNATIONAL
RADIO FOR PEACE
Although a lot of focus has been
put on using International radio
as a weapon during times of war,
International radio has also been
used for means of peace too; it
was during the Cuban missile
crisis in 1962 that Radio Moscow
and the Voice of America helped
to calm tensions between
nations and promote diplomacy.

13. Radio continues to be used today as a tool of
international communication. Being around over
millennia and comparatively inexpensive, the
infrastructure for radio is omnipresent which why a
great proportion of the population has access to it. In
India around 99% of the population has access to
radio. In many war torn and underdeveloped nations
like North Korea, Afghanistan, Sudan, Nepal, etc,
radio is still THE source of communication. And with
radio getting a new lease of life with the internet, it is
certainly going to be an even more potent tool of
international communication, possibly second only to
the internet.
RADIO TODAY AND
IN FUTURE

14. Without radio, the outcome of
international conflicts may have been
different, and the world would not be in
such an advanced technological state that
we are in now.
International radio can be used as a
weapon of war, where “radio propaganda
can be an explosive weapon, an artillery
barrage, the punching arm of an
aggressive diplomacy or a freedom
struggle” Hale, and also as a tool for peace
between nations.
CONCLUSION

15. THANK
YOU