4. March 6, 2024 4
General Trauma Assessment
1. Scene size up
2. Initial assessment/ primary survey
3. Rapid trauma survey or focus
assessment/ secondary survey
5. March 6, 2024 5
Scene size up
• Universal precaution?
• Lihat keadaan sekitar
– Prioritas utama: keselamatan penolong
lingkungan yang aman untuk bekerja
• Initial triage. Berapa jumlah korban?
• Mekanisme cedera?
• Rapid extrication?
• Aktifkan EMS
6. March 6, 2024 6
Alat yang diperlukan
• Proteksi penolong
• Long back board/scoop stretcher
• Cervical collar
• OPT, suction
• Oksigen
13. March 6, 2024 13
Primary survey
• Gambaran umum korban
• Tentukan respon pasien tingkat
kesadaran AVPU
• Kaji airway, breathing & circulation
lakukan tindakan jika terdapat gangguan
– bebaskan airway, stabilkan spine, support
pernafasan dan kontrol perdarahan mayor
• Tentukan prioritas keputusan transfer
ke trauma centre
15. March 6, 2024 15
Rapid Trauma Survey
• Pemeriksaan secara sistematis dari
kepala, leher, dada, abdomen, pelvis dan
ekstremitas dengan melihat, mendengar,
meraba untuk menemukan kasus life
threatening
16. March 6, 2024 16
Secondary survey
• SAMPLE (Symptoms, Allergies, Medications,
Past medical history, Last oral intake, Events
preceding the incident)
• Vital sign
• Deformities, Contusion, Abrasion, Penetration,
Burn, Laceration, Swelling (DCAP-BLS)
• Tenderness, Instability, Crepitation (TIC)
• Pulse, Movement, Sensation (PMS)
• LOC AVPU
• Pulse oxymetry
• Intervensi lanjut: balut & bidai