Nervous system ,data show Education ,higher education and health outcomes

1. ‫‏‬Nervous
Nervous
‫‏‬SYSTEM
SYSTEM
By Tuqa abdulkaream

2. A-NEURON (NERVE CELL):
B-THE NEUROGLIA(GLIAL CALLS):
‫‏‬
Nervous tissue : is one of four major classes of tissues.
Nervous tissues makes up the Central Nervous System (CNS)
the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
Cells of the Nervous Tissue: The nervous system is made up of 2 types of cells
A-NEURON (NERVE CELL): Neuron represents the structural and functional unit of nervous tissue.
Carry signals from one part of the body to another.

3. 1. Schwann Cells and Oligodendrocytes perform essentially the same function (myelination of axons).
The major difference between them is their location. Schwann cells myelinate axons in the PNS, while
Oligodendrocytes myelinate axons in the CNS.
B- THE NEUROGLIA (GLIAL CELLS):The neuroglia are non-neuronal, non-conductive cells in the CNS
(brain and spinal cord) and the PNS.
Oligodendrocytes: Myelin-forming cells
regulate composition of extracellular fluid (ECF) in CNS
Astrocytes:
Microglia:
Ependymal cells: line the ventricles in the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord and produce CSF
phagocytosis
Myelin is composed largely of lipid tissue SO it gives white color to the myelinated axons.
Myelin sheath supports and protects.
2. Satellite cells are similar in function to astrocytes (small cells)
that surround neurons in sensory,
sympathetic, and parasympathetic ganglia.

6. Cell body (Soma)
Dendrites:
Extension that transmits signals away from the cell body to another neuron or effector cell.
Axon is covered by a myelin sheath made up of many Schwann cells (PNS) or Oligodendrocytes (CNS) that are
Multiple sclerosis: An autoimmune disease in which a person's immune system destroys the myelin sheaths on their
separated by small spaces (Node of Ranvier).
Myelin sheath and nodes of Ranvier greatly speed up nerve impulses, which jump down axon from node to node.
neurons and resulted in:
Loss of muscle control
Impaired brain function
Death
Short, numerous, and highly branched extensions that convey signals .
towards the cell body
Axon:
Usually a long single fiber.

7. The Cell body
*Round, centrally located structure
*Contains the nucleus and most organelles
*Controls protein manufacturing
*No role in neural signaling
Dendrites
*Information collector.
*Receive inputs from neighboring neurons
*Inputs may number thousands
Axon
*The cell's output structure
*One axon per cell.
*Tube like structure branches at end
that connect to dendrites of other cells.
Myelin sheath
*White fatty covering on axon.
*Acts as an electrical insulator.
*Not present on all cells.
*When present increases the speed
of neural signals down the axone

8. *Neurons, Nerves &Tracts
*Neurons are nerve cells in ether CNS or PNS
*Nerves are bundles of axons within the PNS
*Tracts are bundles ot axons within the CNS
*Ganglia & Nuclei
*Ganglia are collections of cell bodies within the PNS
*Nuclei are collections of cell bodies within the CNS

9. *Synapse
*Neurons communicate with one another through connections called synapses.
*Synapse is the junction between two neurons or more.

10. Sensory, Motor and Interneuron
receive stimulus
to effector
produce response
gland

11. *The most important system in the body.
Major divisions of the Nervous System:
1.The centralnervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord.
2.The peripheral nervous system (PNS), consisting of a networkof cranial pairs)
and spinal nerves Pairs whre connect the organs to the CNS.