model of the topic modelling , an opening to new things in future

1. Topic modellling ppt

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reserved.
18–3
Looking AHEAD
1. Discuss the entrepreneur’s leadership role.
2. Explain the distinctive features of small firm management.
3. Identify the managerial tasks of entrepreneurs.
4. Describe the problem of time pressure and suggest
solutions.
5. Explain the various types of outside management
assistance.
After you have read this chapter, you should be able to:

4. © 2008 Cengage Learning. All rights
reserved.
18–4
Entrepreneurial Leadership
• What is Leadership?
• Involves pointing the way: creating and communicating the entrepreneur’s
vision of the firm
• Varies in a business as it grows larger and more mature.
• Leadership Qualities of Founders
• A tolerance for ambiguity
• A capacity for adaptation

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18–5
Entrepreneurial Leadership (cont’d)
• What Makes an Effective Leader?
• One who is focused intently on attaining the firm’s business goals.
• One who creates a significant personal relationship with employees based on
loyalty and respect.
• One who directly influences employees’ understanding of how the firm
operates (e.g., its ethics).
• One who makes the firm attractive to new employees.

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reserved.
18–6
Entrepreneurial Leadership (cont’d)
• Leadership Styles
1. Coercive leaders demand immediate compliance.
2. Authoritative leaders mobilize people toward a vision.
3. Affiliative leaders create emotional bonds.
4. Democratic leaders build consensus.
5. Pacesetting leaders set high standards and expect excellence.
6. Coaching leaders develop people.

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18–7
Entrepreneurial Leadership (cont’d)
• Leadership That Builds Enthusiasm
• Empowerment
• Giving employees authority to make decisions or take actions on their own
• Work teams
• Groups of self-managed employees with the freedom to function without close
supervision
• Benefits
• Workers are more satisfied with their working environment.
• Productivity and profitability are enhanced.

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18–8
Steps to a Positive Attitude
18-1
1. Recognize accomplishments at the end of each day.
2. At the close of business, take time to set goals for
the next day.
3. Take care of yourself.
4. Spend time with friends who are upbeat.
5. Imagine your way to success.
6. Use thoughts of failure as a signal to turn your
attention back to achievement.
Source: Adapted from Romanus Wolter, “A Brand New Day,” Entrepreneur, Vol. 33, No. 3 (March 2005), pp. 134–135.

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18–9
Distinctive Characteristics of
Small Firm Management
Professional-Level
Management
Managerial
Weakness
Management
of
Small Firms
Resource Constraints
Firm Growth and
Managerial Practices
Founders as
Managers

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18–10
Organizational Stages of Small Business Growth
18-2

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18–11
Creating an Organizational Structure
• The Unplanned Structure
• Structure evolves as the firm evolves.
• Growth creates the need for structural change.
• Chain of Command
• The official, vertical channel of communication in an organization
• A channel for two-way communication
• Span of Control
• The number of subordinates supervised by one manager

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18–12
Creating Organizational Structure (cont’d)
• Line Organization
• A simple organization in which each person reports to one supervisor
• Line and Staff Organization
• An organizational structure that includes staff specialists who assist
management
• Line activities
• Activities contributing directly to the primary objectives of the firm
• Staff activities
• Activities that support line activities

13. © 2008 Cengage Learning. All rights
reserved.
18–13
Line-and-Staff Organization
18-3