Microbial physiology is the study of the structure, growth factors, metabolic activities, nutritional requirements, and genetic composition of microorganismsThe microbial cells are extremely complex and in addition to oxygen and hydrogen they contain four other major elements such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur. here are the notes on microbial physiology..Photosynthetic pigments are the molecules responsible for absorbing electromagnetic radiation, transferring the energy of the absorbed photons to the reaction center, and for photochemical conversion in the photosynthetic systems of organisms capable of photosynthesis.