Extra-hepatobiliary system, gall bladder, lifestyle, risk factors, prevention, statistics of cholelithiasis (gall bladder stones)

1. Lifestyle & Risk Factors,
Prevention, Statistics
Sudeb Ganguly
(MBBS 2080217), KIMS BBSR

2. Introduction
It’s the other name for gallstone.
Cholelithiasis
Inflammation of gall bladder.
Cholecystitis
Cholangitis
Inflammation of the bile duct.

3. Lifestyle & Risk Factors
1) More common in female than male
2) Fair
3) Fat (obese)
4) Above forty years of age
5) Fertile, family history
6) Certain medications like OCPs
7) High caloric & fat diet
8) Fasting/irregular frequency of food intake
9) a/w haemolytic disorders like SCA (in paediatric
patient)
10) Liver d/s, diabetes, multiparity

4. Risk Factors
LITHOGENIC BILE STASIS/HYPOMOBILITY NUCLEATION
1) Obesity 1) Pregnancy 1) Infection
2) Increased cholesterol
3) Post ileal resection
2) Oral contraceptive pills
3) TPN
4) Rapid weight loss
5) Post vagotomy
2) Clonorchis
3) Cholangitis
4) Ascariasis
4) High caloric diet

5. 10) Prophylactic use of ursodeoxycholic acid tablets
Prevention
1) Sipping more water
2) Choose fat-free/low fat foods
3) Eat plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables
4) High fibre, high calcium (reduces input of
5) Promoting physical activities, exercises
6) Ingestion of meals at regular intervals
7) Elimination of obesity
deoxycholic acid) diet
8) Discouraging rapid wt. Loss & such Sx
9) Avoid unnecessary use of OCPs
(since sedentary lifestyle is a risk factor)

6. Statistics
01
Gall stone
prevalence in
India - 6.12%
02
Indian
male(3.07%) &
female(9.6%)
03
UP, Bihar, Odisha,
WB, Assam, other
northern &
northeastern
states of India are
endemic zones
04
Odisha - Cuttack,
kenderapara,
Bhubaneswar,
Baleshwar,
Jagatpur, angul
05
10-15% of
western
population
06
>80%
asymptomatic

7. Thank you.