The Indian summer monsoon ranges from June to September, also known as the southwest monsoon season is majorly governed by the huge land–sea thermal contrast. It encompasses large arrayed convective cloud bands over the south Asian monsoon domain, which extend more than 100 days. The rainfall received specifically in the subcontinent from these cloud bands diverted into evaporation, runoff, and the infiltration. The infiltrated water is held in the soil as soil moisture. Therefore, there is consistent relation of the soil moisture with rainfall, even though the relation is non-linear (Cox et al., 2000). Atmospheric boundary layer plays a pivotal role in regulating weather and the climate by exchanging large amount of surface water and energy with the overlying atmosphere. In the soil population, fungi population also contributes to the biofilm making (Sreeremya, 2019).

1. ISOLATION AND MORPHOLOGICAL
CHARACTERIZATION OF BACTERIAL
FLORA FROM MONSOON SOIL IN
KINASSERY
BY Dr. S.SREEREMYA
FACULTY OF BIOLOGY

2.  The Indian summer monsoon ranges from June to September, also known as the southwest
monsoon season is majorly governed by the huge land–sea thermal contrast. It encompasses
large arrayed convective cloud bands over the south Asian monsoon domain, which extend more
than 100 days. The rainfall received specifically in the subcontinent from these cloud bands
diverted into evaporation, runoff, and the infiltration. The infiltrated water is held in the soil as
soil moisture. Therefore, there is consistent relation of the soil moisture with rainfall, even
though the relation is non-linear (Cox et al., 2000). Atmospheric boundary layer plays a pivotal
role in regulating weather and the climate by exchanging large amount of surface water and
energy with the overlying atmosphere. In the soil population, fungi population also contributes
to the biofilm making (Sreeremya, 2019).

3.  In India, a country controlled predominantly by the agrarian economy and the high population, even the
small changes in the rainfall impact the economic and social strategies. Both the internal dynamics and the
boundary forcing contribute to the internal atmospheric variability (Rastogi et al., 2002). Rainfall susceptibility to
cause the erosion, termed rainfall erosivity in the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation 2 could be estimated to
assess how the rainfall amount and its intensity affects the soil erosion for the soil erosion is directly proportional
to the rainfall erosivity while the other factors are kept unchanged . The soil bacterial flora of specific region of
Kannadi panchayat which is Kinassery is studied. Kinassery (10.7288° N, 76.6658° E) is a small Village/hamlet in
the Kuzhalmannam Block in Palakkad District of Kerala State, India. It is under the Kannadi Panchayath. It
belongs to the Central Kerala Division. It is located 8 Km towards South from District headquarters Palakkad. 9
KM from Kuzhalmannam. 293 KM from the State capital Thiruvananthapuram. Compared to other places in
Palakkad like Chandranagar, Kanjikode, Puthoor etc (Sreeremya, 2018).

4.  METHODOLOGY MATERIALS AND METHODS COLLECTION OF SAMPLES
 Soil samples was collected from Kinassery (10.7288° N, 76.6658° E).A total of five sample weighing 1gm was
collected from different garbage dumped sites( Logan et al.,1984). The collected soil samples were sealed in an
airtight packet and transported to laboratory aseptically (Bravery, 1968). ISOLATION & MORPHOLOGICAL
EXAMINATION The collected samples were serially diluted and enumerated after 24hrs of incubaction using
colony counter (Upadhyay et al., 2005). The colony counter used in this experiment was LKB 2002 colony counter
(Bowman et al., 1975). MORHOLOGICAL AND MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION The unique features
of the colonies were observed and recorded by morphological examination (Jeris et al., 1973). Then the
morphologically examined unique colonies were microscopically examined by gram staining technique
(Boudewijns et al., 2006).

5.  BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION Various biochemical tests such as Indole, Methyl Red,
Vogues Prausker, Citrate Test IMViC), Triple sugar Iron (TSI), Carbohydrate fermentation Test, Catalase, Urease
and Starch hydrolysis test were performed(Bosshard et al.,2003). RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
 From the five soil sample collected from Kinassery(10.7288° N, 76.6658° E), five unique colonies were
isolated and they were morphologically examined and assessed . After the morphological examination, the colonies
were found to be diffuse, entire, smooth, translucent, moist, glossy colonies were obtained. The five isolates were
labelled as K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 (Table: 1). this results were in accordance with Bos et al., 2013. After
morphological examination and microscopic characterization, out of the five isolates K4 alone was found to be
gram positive. The results are in similarity to Janssen et al., 2002. In order to understand the specific characteristics
of the isolates Biochemical characterization IMVIC, TSI, Carbohydrate, Starch hydrolysis test were also
performed, after the starch hydrolysis test K4 showed positive result

6. 
 Journal of Research in Microbiology and Immunology, Isolation
and Morphological Characterization of Bacterial Flora from
Monsoon Soil in Kinassery ,Dr.S.Sreeremya ,2020.Vol 2(1):1-6