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Intermolecular forces of attraction ( IMF)
- 1. Intermolecular forces of attraction IMF Prensented by Group 1
- 2. Intermolecular forces (IMFs) are the attractive forces that exist between molecules. These forces include hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, ion-dipole interactions, London dispersion forces and Van der Waals forces. IMF's
- 3. Hydrogen bonds are strong dipole-dipole attractions that occur between a hydrogen atom bonded to a highly electronegative atom (such as nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine) and another electronegative atom.
- 4. Example: Hydrogen bonding between water molecules.
- 5. Dipole-dipole interactions Dipole-dipole interactions occur between polar molecules due to the attraction between the positive end of one molecule and the negative end of another molecule.
- 6. Example: The interaction between two molecules of hydrogen chloride (HCl).
- 7. Ion-dipole interactions Ion-dipole interactions occur between an ion and a polar molecule. The charged ion attracts the partial charges on the polar molecule.
- 8. Example: The dissolution of table salt (NaCl) in water.
- 9. London dispersion forces are the weakest intermolecular forces and occur between all molecules, whether polar or nonpolar. They arise due to temporary fluctuations in electron density within molecules, leading to temporary dipoles that induce similar dipoles in neighboring molecules.
- 10. Example: The interaction between nonpolar molecules like methane (CH4).
- 11. Van der Waals forces Van der Waals forces encompass all intermolecular forces, including dipole-dipole interactions, London dispersion forces, and hydrogen bonds. They are responsible for attractions between molecules that are not covalently or ionically bonded.
- 13. Van der Waals Forces in Real Life Gecko. Van der Waals forces are essential in Gecko. Gecko uses van der Waals forces to stick on surfaces and climb walls. Graphite. Van der Waals forces bonds the different graphite layers using dispersion forces. Graphite is arranged in several layers of thin sheets.