Pratt Institute, Fall 2017, MS Urban Placemaking and Management The study is a set of physical, social and economic recommendations for the improvement of commuter experience in transit infrastructures in the Makati Central Business District (MCBD). The methodology includes an analysis of current conditions in MCBD, including user and behavioral observations and intercept surveys.

1. MEA KARLA DALUMPINES
DECEMBER 12, 2017

5. • Seat of government of the Philippines
• Administrative and financial capital of the
country
• Consists of 16 cities and municipalities
• Total area of 620 sq.km. (239 square miles)
• Population of 12,877,253
• 9th most populous metropolitan area in
Asia*
*United Nations World Cities in 2016
Manila Bay
Bulacan
Rizal
Laguna
Lake
Cavite

6. • Connects the entire city and adjacent
provinces by a main thoroughfare, Epifanio
De Los Santos Avenue (EDSA)
• Three operational light rail lines (with 3
more in the pipeline)
Manila Bay
EDSA
Bulacan
Rizal
Laguna
Lake
Cavite

7. • New development spurs from the city’s
growth centers, central business districts
and downtowns
Airport
Vertis North (Quezon City Business District)
Downtown Manila
Ortigas Center
Makati Central Business District
Bonifacio Global City

8. • Primary financial district of the country
• Former farm estate and air field
• Developed into a commercial district in the 1950s
• High-density commercial and mixed use zone
• Average daytime population: 650,000

9. Neighborhood change
Livability of communities
Social justice and equity
Environmental resilience
Transportation and mobility

11. Luna, Joselito. “Integrating TOD in Urban Development.” 2nd Transit Oriented Development Conference: Singapore, November 2015

12. Luna, Joselito. “Integrating TOD in Urban Development.” 2nd Transit Oriented Development Conference: Singapore, November 2015

13. motorized trips are made daily
are made by public transit (39% jeeps, 14% buses, 9% rail)
average vehicle density higher than Singapore’s (1,360),
Tokyo’s (967) and New York City’s (2,504).
Santiago, Rene. “Easing Metro Manila Traffic Congestion.” Philippine Daily Inquirer, January 10, 2016.

14. “Number-coding” scheme
Dedicated bus lanes
Dedicated motorcycle lanes
Truck ban (time-based)

15. Average commute time from MCBD to north of Metro Manila and vice versa
(19 kilometers / 11 miles)
MRT
PRIVATE CAR/
SHUTTLE VAN CITY BUS
*does not include time spent waiting in transport terminals

16. Terrible traffic conditions
Terrible commuting experience

17. MRT 3
BUS STOP
SHUTTLE VAN TERMINAL

18. Average wait time in terminals 20mins
Travel time + 2 hours
2 hrs, 20mins
Roundtrip x 2
AVERAGE DAILY COMMUTE TIME 4 hrs, 40 mins

19. Governance and political will
Strict implementation of traffic rules
Natural calamities
Transport strikes and fare hikes
Jeepney modernization

20. THE PROBLEM:

21. Strategies from a CBD-wide and neighborhood context
Replicate in other growth centers

22. Multifunctionality
Link to existing public spaces

23. Improve the social dynamic of the city
Build community collaborations
Address underlying equity issues in transportation and mobility

24. Observations and behavioral mapping
Intercept surveys
Photo documentation
Interviews with passengers, drivers, managers, developers

28. Makati Ave Underpass Ayala Ave Underpass
Dela Rosa Elevated Walkway
• Public art and
ongoing pedestrian
programming
promote and
encourage walking
in the CBD

30. Shuttle Vans (UV Express) Local City Bus Jeepneys
Express City Bus (P2P Bus) Light Rail (MRT) District Bus (BGC Bus)

31. Light Rail (MRT)
Jeepney
Shuttle Vans (UV Express)
- Formal terminal
- Informal terminal
Local City Bus
Express City Bus (P2P Bus)
District Bus (BGC Bus)
RETAIL

32. AYALA CENTER
Off-street type
(Express Bus)
Garage Type
(Park Square -
Shuttle Vans)
AYALA MRT
FUTURE TOD
(City and Express
Buses, Shuttles,
connection to MRT)
Off-street type
(Express Bus)

33. Ayala Land Incorporated, 2017.
MRT
FUTURE
TOD (2021)
BGC BUS +
JEEPS
(City and Express
buses, Shuttles,
connection to MRT)
Future pedestrian route (2021)
By 2021, a new Transit
Oriented Mixed Use
Development will house
EDSA south-bound city
buses, shuttle vans,
express buses and will
connect to the Ayala
MRT Concourse, jeepney
terminal and BGC
District Buses.

35. 1. MRT concourse
2. Garage type (Park Square)
3. Off-street type (Express Bus Stop – Glorietta Ayala Center)
4. Parking lot type (Paseo Center)

36. KEY ISSUES:
• MRT frequently breaks down resulting in long wait times
• Long, long, long lines that reach ground level
AMENITIES:
• Restrooms, Retail, Wayfinding

37. Retail Jeepney Shuttle Vans Queueing/Waiting Area
ROUTES:
• 14 shuttle routes
• 3 jeepney routes
AMENITIES:
• Benches
• Restrooms
• Retail
• Industrial Fans
• Wayfinding

38. ROUTES:
• 4 bus routes
AMENITIES:
• Wayfinding

39. AYALA
CENTER
ROUTES:
• 9 shuttle routes
AMENITIES:
• None

40. MRT Concourse
Garage Type
(Park Square)
Off-Street Type
(Ayala bus stop, Ayala
Center P2P bus)
Parking Lot Type
(Paseo Center)
Food Options Yes Yes No No
Seating No Yes (2 benches per
route)
No No
Airconditioning No Yes (industrial fans) N.A. (Outdoor) N.A. (Outdoor)
Weather
Protection
Yes Yes Yes/No (Canopy only) No
Directions and
Wayfinding
Yes (directions only, no train
timetable)
Yes (routes) No No
Ticketing System Yes (Ticket window only) N.A. N.A. N.A.
Restrooms Yes Yes No No
General
Comments
Long, long, long queues that reach
ground level;
PWD access only through malls, no
access outside business hours
Organized queues but
not enough seating
during peak hours
Unorganized queueing
(Ayala Ave)
Organized queues but
not very comfortable.
* Non-rail terminals are primarily used from late afternoon to evening (5-11pm). MCBD in-bound public transit
drops off passengers anywhere within the District

41. Light Rail Concourse
(Ayala MRT Station)
Garage Type
(Park Square)
Off-Street
(Ayala Bus Stop)
Parking Lot Type
(Paseo Center)
Time Wait Time Time Wait Time Time Wait Time Time Wait Time
Monday-Wednesday 5:30pm 20 mins 5:30pm 10 mins 5:30pm 10 mins 5:30pm 10 mins
7:30pm 40 mins 7:30pm 30 mins 7:30pm 20 mins 7:30pm 20 mins
9:30pm 15 mins 9:30pm 10 mins 9:30pm 20 mins 9:30pm 20 mins
Rainy Weather 40-60 mins 30-40 mins 20 mins 40 mins
Thursday-Friday 5:30pm 30 mins 5:30pm 10 mins 5:30pm 20 mins 5:30pm 10 mins
7:30pm 50 mins 7:30pm 40 mins 7:30pm 40 mins 7:30pm 20 mins
9:30pm 15 mins 9:30pm 10 mins 9:30pm 20 mins 9:30pm 20 mins
Rainy Weather 60-90 mins 60 mins 60 mins 40 mins

42. Respondent Profiles (73 respondents)
8%
63%
19%
6%0%4%
Terminal users are mostly office workers
Live in MCBD
Work in MCBD
Go shopping in MCBD
Attend events in MCBD
Go to school in MCBD
Others
8%
18%
19%
55%
Terminal users walk to the terminals everyday
Jeep
Bus
Taxi/ride share
Walking
76%
13%
11%
Terminals are mostly used during weekdays
Weekdays
Weekends
All of the above
18%
40%
18%
8%
16%
Terminals are mostly used during afternoon/early evening
Morning (MRT)
Afternoon/Early Evening
Evening/Nighttime
Special Events only
All

43. User Experience
49%
33%
18%
Most users spend less than an hour in terminals
One hour or less
One to two hours
More than two hours
58%
10%
12%
1%
3%
16%
Users choose to wait while doing nothing in terminals
Nothing
Eat
Run errands
Meet someone
Work
Read
Use gadgets for social
media/music/entertainment
86%
10%
4%
Users usually go alone to the terminal
Alone
Friends and/or co-
workers
Family/Kids
59%
41%
Users recognize people who they
did not plan to meet
Yes, I recognize
people here who
I did not plan to
meet
No, I don't
recognize people
here who I did
not plan to meet
52%
48%
Users prefer not to interact with
other people
Yes, I have
interacted with
people.
No.

44. Ratings
CLEANLINESS
CONDITIONS OF
RESTROOMS
CONDITIONS
& NUMBER OF
SEATING
VENTILATION &
AIR QUALITY
SIGNAGE &
INFORMATION
AESTHETICS
LIGHTING
SAFETY &
SECURITY

45. Improvements Amenities
What do you like about the terminal?
“I don’t have any choice. Other terminals in Makati are always crowded and I
get dizzy from the heat.”
User preferences

46. Organized queueing helps promote discipline and courtesy
Some users will endure peak hour crowds to save their
spots for early transit arrivals
Limited space or inefficient space planning in terminals to
improve lines and provide amenities

47. MCBD terminals are privately owned, even the MRT concourse
Terminals have no profits so no fixed budget for improvements

48. Transport hikes, typhoons, etc. leave passengers
stranded in terminals
Capacity building for drivers
Users just learned to adapt to the situation

50. • CBD-wide transit masterplan
• Relayout existing terminals to
accommodate
additional/improved facilities
• Utilize existing infrastructure
• Development of a commuting
campaign
• Strengthen existing
relationships between terminal
management and drivers’
association
• Incentive programs and skills
workshops
• Passenger assistance strategy
• Build a business model for
terminals
• Multifunctionality of terminals
• Tap into existing businesses
(food truck, food cart
businesses)
• Tax incentives for terminal
owners and developers

51. • Consolidate formal and
informal mass transit
terminals in two other areas
in the CBD
• Select areas in the CBD for
TOD development, use One
Ayala Avenue as model
• Consolidate any or existing
employee shuttle service
and old e-jeepney service

52. Park Square Terminal
Ground Floor
Park Square Terminal
Second Floor
• Relayout terminals to
accommodate:
• More queueing areas
• Seating
• Additional food
kiosks
• Ticketing
• Ventilation systems
• Wayfinding elements
• Case Study: Park Square Parking Garage/Terminal
• New layout to accommodate more queueing,
seating New industrial fans, more food kiosks for
on-the-go purchases

53. • Relayout terminals to
accommodate:
• More queueing areas
• Seating
• Additional food kiosks
• Ticketing
• Ventilation systems
• Wayfinding elements

55. • Case Study: Glorietta Park Ayala Center
• Convert existing street to
pedestrian plaza / express bus
terminal
• New transit center / passenger
lounge for all terminals

56. • Mix terminals with revenue-generating uses.
• Case Study: Paseo Center Shuttle Van Terminal
• Convert parking lot to terminal and food park
• Utilize existing food carts/trucks and new food
truck businesses
• Opportunity to provide affordable food options
for MCBD office workers

57. • Mix terminals with revenue-generating uses.
• Case Study: Park Square Parking Garage
• Convert higher parking floors for events area,
sports facility, etc.

58. • Tie in with existing Make It Makati campaign
• Promote courtesy
• Public safety
• Campaign can be in the form of ads or social media

59. • Develop programming to develop drivers capability
• Drivers license assistance through partnership with transportation agencies (Land Transportation Office)
• Workshops (road safety, automotive mechanic skills, etc) through joint partnership national technical education and skills
development agencies.
• Develop an incentive program for drivers
• Minimal administration fee
• Monthly gift certificate incentives to be used in surrounding mall establishments, supermarkets, etc.

60. • Provide passenger assistance / concierge booths for terminals
• Provide shuttle services for passengers during transit strikes,
national holidays and for stranded passengers
• Develop a web app for transit arrival (MRT 3), train status and
traffic situation, improve existing MMDA app

61. • Tap into existing Jollijeep food cart businesses
around MCBD
• Create programs with museums and other
cultural groups
• Tax incentives for terminal developers/owners

63. Revisit terminal layouts Utilize existing infrastructure
Intermodal Public Transit
Terminals in the CBD
Multifunctional uses for terminals
Incentive programs and capacity
building programs for drivers
Build a new business model for
terminals
Commuting campaign
Holistic passenger assistance
strategy
Tax incentives for terminal
developers
Relationship building between
drivers association and terminal
management
Collaboration with community
groups, institutional facilities, etc.
Maintenance and improvement works for all terminals, bus stops, train stations

64. Next steps:
Local government
Transport groups/drivers associations
Community groups
Developers

65. Commuter
improvement
in terminals
Local
Government
Private
developers
National
government
agencies
Estate
management
Terminal
managers
Different
user groups
Local
businesses
MCBD
residents
Drivers
Association
Transport
groups
Schools,
museums other
institutions