Human brain ppt

1. BSC SEMINAR 2022
THE STUDY OF BRAIN
PRESENTED BY :- MUKTA MANJARI SAHOO
BSC 3rd YEAR
DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY
CHOUDWAR COLLEGE CHOUDWAR

2. CONTENT
Introduction
Structure and function of brain
Fore Lobes of Brain
Useful Tips of Brain
Conclusion

3. INTRODUCTON
 Human brain is present in hard bony like structure called
CRANIUM
 Covered by 3 layers :- MENINGES
 Space between the inner layer is filled with fluid :-
CERIBOSPINAL FLUID
 Serves as a shock absorbing medium and protect the brain
against shocks
 Grey matter present towards the periphery and white matter
at the centre

4. THE BRAINHAS FOLLOWING DIVISIONS
 Fore brain – cerebrum, diencephalon
 Mid brain – optic lobes
 Hind brain – cerebellum, medulla,
oblongata

5. Structure of brain

6. FORE BRAIN
 OLFACTORY LOBES :-
These club shaped widely spread bodies are visible
from the ventral surface only.
 FUNCTIONS :-
These are concerned with sense of smell.

7. CEREBRUM
Major portion of the brain.
Wrinkles determine intelligence.
Cerebrum has two hemisphere.
Both hemisphere are connected to each other by a
bundle of nerve fiber called corpus callosum .
Each hemisphere divide into four lobes.

8. Frontal lobes
FRONTAL LOBE FUNCTIONS
Controls problem solving
Intellectual Activities
Controls Attention
Judgement
Behaviour
Muscle Movement

9. Parietal lobe
Parietal lobe
 Pain
 Pressure
 Touch
 Visual Function

10. TEMPORAL LOBE
Temporal Lobe
 Understanding language
 Behaviors
 Memory
 Hearing

11. Occipital lobe
Occipital Lobe
 Vision
 Visual reception
 Visual interpretation

12. Diencephalon :-
 Rhomboid shaped lobe.
 Visible from inferior surface of brain.
 Lies between cerebrum and mid brain.
 Divided into Thalamus and Hypothalamus.
Functions :-
 Function relay Centre of sensory impulses.
 Reflex Centre for muscular activities.
 Centre of emotions.
 Centre for water balance, blood pressure, body
temperature, sleep and hunger.
Hypothalamus controls the pituitary gland.

13. Mid brain :-
 It connects to brain with cerebellum of pons of hind
brain.
FUNCTIONS :-
 It relays motor impulses from cerebral cortex to the
spinal cord and relay sensory impulses from the
spinal cord to the thalamus reflexes for sight and
hearing

14. HIND BRAIN
CEREBELLUm:-
Located bellow the cerebrum & above medulla
oblongata consist of two large, cerebral
hemispheres.
Functions :-
Controlled balance, coordination
pressure.

15. Medulla oblongata :-
 Triangular shaped
 Medulla oblongata extends from pons to spinal
cord.
Functions :-
 Contains center for cardiac, respiratory and
vasomotor activities.
 Coordinates reflexes like swallowing,
coughing, sneezing and vomiting.

16. Brain stem
Relay center connecting
the cerebrum to the
spinal cord breathing,
heartrate body
temperature, wake and
sleeping, digestion,
sizing, coughing,
vomiting and sollowing
cerebrum
Touch, vision,
hearing,
speech,
reasoning,
learning,
controlling,
movement
cerebellum
Co-ordinate
muscle,
movement,
maintain posture
and balance.

17. Useful Tips for healthy brain :-
 Get plenty of sleep.
 Play memory games.
 Manage stress.
Take plenty of water.
Eat leafy vegetables and fruits.

18. Conclusion :-
The human brain is an amazing and complex structure.
The function of the brain is to exert centralized control
over the other organs of the body. The acts on the rest
of the body both by generating patterns of muscle
activity and by driving the secretion of hormones. This
centralized control allow rapid and coordinated
responses to changes in the environment. Sum basic
types of reflexes can be mediated by the spinal cord
but sophisticated purposeful control of behavior based
on complex sensory input requires the information
integrating capabilities of a centralized brain.