HSK 1-6 Grammar.pdf

HSK Code Lesson Structure Pinyin English Equivalent Example Example Pinyin Example Translation
1 1.03.1 Lesson 什么 shénme what 这是什么? zhè shì shénme? What is this?
1 1.03.1 Lesson 什么 N shénme N what kind of N 那是什么书? nàshi shénme shū? What book is that?
1 1.03.2 Lesson 不是 bùshì not to be 我不是美国⼈。 wǒ bùshì Měiguórén。 I am not an American.
1 1.03.2 Lesson 是 shì to be 她是⽼师。 tā shì lǎoshī。 She is a teacher.
1 1.03.3 Lesson 吗? ma? right? 你是⽼师吗? nǐ shì lǎoshī ma? You’re a teacher, right?
1 1.04.1 Lesson 谁 shéi who 她是谁? tā shì shéi? Who is she?
1 1.04.1 Lesson 哪 M N nǎ M N which N 哪个⼈? nǎ gèrén? Which person?
1 1.04.2 Lesson (的) ( de) ’s 她是我 (的) ⽼师。 tā shì wǒ ( de) lǎoshī。 She is my teacher.
1 1.04.3 Lesson N 呢? N ne? what about N? 我是中国⼈，你呢? wǒ shì Zhōngguórén， nǐ ne? I am Chinese, what about you?
1 1.05.1 Lesson ⼏ M N jǐ M N how many N 你有⼏个汉语⽼师? nǐ yǒu jǐge Hànyǔ lǎoshī? How many teachers do you have?
1 1.05.2 Lesson ⼀～九⼗九 yī～ jiǔ shíjiǔ 1 ~ 99 九⼗⼀ jiǔ shí·yī 1 - 99
1 1.05.3 Lesson AGE 了 AGE le became AGE 我40岁了。 wǒ40 suì le。 I’m 40 years old.
1 1.05.4 Lesson 多⼤ duōdà how old 你⼥⼉多⼤了？ nǐ nǚ'ér duōdà le？ How old is your daughter?
1 1.06.1 Lesson 会 V huì V know how to V 我会写。 wǒ huì xiě。 I know how to write.
1 1.06.2 Lesson 很 hěn very 我很好 wǒ hěn hǎo I am good.
1 1.06.3 Lesson 怎么 V zěnme V how to V 这个怎么读? zhège zěnme dú? How do you read this?
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1.07.1 Lesson ⽉、号/⽇、星期 yuè、 hào/ rì、
xīngqī
(telling dates) 九⽉⼆号/⽇星期四 Jiǔyuè èrhào/ rì Xīngqīsì Thursday September 2
1 1.07.2 Lesson (omitting 是) 我汉语⽼师33岁。 wǒ Hànyǔ lǎoshī33 suì。 My Chinese teacher is 33.
1 1.07.3 Lesson 去 PLACE V qù PLACE V go to PLACE to do V 我去学校学习。 wǒ qù xuéxiào xuéxí。 I go to school to study.
1 1.08.1 Lesson 想 xiǎng to want 我想看书 wǒ xiǎng kànshū I want to read books.
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1.08.2 Lesson 多少 N duōshao N how much N 你有多少汉语⽼师? nǐ yǒu duōshao Hànyǔ lǎoshī? How many Chinese teachers do
you have?
1 1.08.3 Lesson 个 gè (measure word) 五个学⽣ wǔ gè xuésheng 5 students
1 1.08.3 Lesson ⼝ kǒu (measure word) 我家有五⼝⼈。 wǒ jiā yǒu wǔ kǒu rén。 There are 5 people in our family.
HSK Code
Video lessons
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1 1.08.4 Lesson 元／块 yuán／ kuài (currency) ⼀元／块 yīyuán／ kuài one yuan
1 1.09.1 Lesson 在 zài at 他在椅⼦下⾯ tā zài yǐzi xiàmian He’s under the chair.
1 1.09.2 Lesson 哪⼉？ nǎr？ where 我的杯⼦在哪⼉? wǒ de bēizi zàinǎr? Where is my cup?
1 1.09.3 Lesson 在 PLACE V zài PLACE V V at PLACE 我在朋友家喝茶。 wǒ zài péngyou jiā hē chá。 I am having tea at my friend’s home.
1 1.09.4 Lesson Q 呢 Q ne I wonder 他在哪⼉呢? tā zàinǎr ne? Where is he, I wonder?
1 1.09.4 Lesson N 呢？ N ne？ where is N 我的杯⼦呢? wǒ de bēizi ne? Where is my cup?
1 1.10.1 Lesson PLACE 有 N PLACE yǒu N there is N at PLACE 椅⼦下⾯有⼀只⼩狗 yǐzi xiàmian yǒu yī zhǐ xiǎogǒu There is a dog under the chair.
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1.10.1 Lesson PLACE 没有 N PLACE méiyǒu N there isn’t N at
PLACE
这⼉没有⼈。 zhèr méiyǒu rén。 There isn’t anyone here.
1 1.10.2 Lesson 和 hé and 爸爸、妈妈和我 bàba、 māma hé wǒ dad, mom and I
1 1.10.3 Lesson 能 néng can 我能坐这⼉吗?。 wǒ néng zuò zhèr ma?。 Can I sit here?
1 1.10.4 Lesson 请 V qǐng V please V 请坐。 qǐng zuò。 Please sit.
1 1.11.1 Lesson # 点 # 分 # diǎn # fēn # hour # minute ⼗⼀点⼗分 shí yīdiǎn shífēn 11:10
1 1.11.1 Lesson 上午／下午 shàngwǔ／ xiàwǔ AM/PM 下午三点⼗分 xiàwǔ sān diǎn shífēn 3:10 PM
1 1.11.2 Lesson S TIME V S TIME V (time phrase) 妈妈六点做饭。 māma liù diǎn zuòfàn。 Mom cooks at six.
1 1.11.2 Lesson TIME S V TIME S V (time phrase) 七点我吃饭。 qī diǎn wǒ chīfàn。 I eat at seven.
1 1.11.3 Lesson TIME 前 TIME qián before TIME 星期五前 Xīngqīwǔ qián before Friday
1 1.11.3 Lesson DURATION 前 DURATION qián DURATION ago ⼀个星期前 yī gè xīngqī qián a week ago
1 1.12.1 Lesson N 怎么样？ N zěnmeyàng？ how is N? 你的汉语怎么样？ nǐ de Hànyǔ zěnmeyàng？ How is your Chinese?
1 1.12.2 Lesson (的) ( de) (omission of 的) 我身体不太好。 wǒ shēntǐ bùtàihǎo。 My health isn’t very good.
1 1.12.3 Lesson 太 A (了) tài A ( le) too A 天⽓太冷 (了)。 tiānqì tài lěng ( le)。 The weather’s too cold.
1 1.12.3 Lesson (不) 太 A ( bù) tài A not too A 我身体不太好。 wǒ shēntǐ bùtàihǎo。 My health is not too good.
1 1.12.4 Lesson 会 V huì V will V 你会回家吗？ nǐ huì huíjiā ma？ Will you come home?
1 1.13.1 Lesson 喂 wèi hello 喂，李⽼师在家吗？ wèi， lǐ lǎoshī zài jiā ma？ Hello, is Teacher Li home?
1 1.13.2 Lesson 在 V (呢) zài V ( ne) V-ing 我在睡觉 (呢)。 wǒ zài shuìjiào ( ne)。 I’m sleeping.
1 1.13.2 Lesson 没在 V (呢) méi zài V ( ne) not V-ing 他们没在看电视 (呢)。 tāmen méi zài kàn diànshì ( ne)。 They’re not watching TV.
1 1.13.3 Lesson 1 (yāo) 1 (yāo) (1 in telephony) 138-0156-7749 138-0156-7749 1 reads as yāo.
1 1.13.4 Lesson V 吧。 V ba。 feel free to V 这⼉没有⼈，坐吧。 zhèr méiyǒu rén， zuò ba。 Nobody’s here, (feel free to) sit.
Lesson Structure Pinyin English Equivalent Example Example Pinyin Example Translation
HSK Code

1 1.14.1 Lesson V O 了 V O le have V’ed O 他去学校了。 tā qù xuéxiào le。 He went to learn how to drive.
1 1.14.1 Lesson V 了 O V le O have V’ed O 我买了不少⾐服。 wǒ mǎi le bùshǎo yīfu。 I bought a lot of clothes.
1 1.14.1 Lesson 没 V O méi V O have not V’ed O 她没去商店。 tā méi qù shāngdiàn。 She didn’t go to the store.
1 1.14.2 Lesson TIME 后 TIME hòu after TIME 五点后 wǔ diǎn hòu after 5
1 1.14.2 Lesson DURATION 后 DURATION hòu after DURATION 四⼗分钟后 sìshí fēnzhōng hòu after 40 minutes
1 1.14.3 Lesson ……啊 …… ā (exclamation) 好啊。是啊。 hǎo ā。 shì ā。 Sure! Yeah!
1 1.14.4 Lesson 都 N dōu N both Ns 我们都是中国⼈。 wǒmen dōu shì Zhōngguórén。 We both are Chinese.
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1.15.1 Lesson S 是 MANNER V 的 S shì MANNER V de it is MANNER that S
V
我们是开⻋来的。 wǒmen shì kāichē lái de。 We drove here. (Lit. It is [by] driving
that we came here.)
1 1.15.2 Lesson 年 nián year ⼆零⼀七年 èr líng yī qī nián Year 2017
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2.01.1 Lesson 要 yào want to, will 王芳要学英语。 wáng fāng yào xué Yīngyǔ。 Wang Fang wants to / will learn
English.
2 2.01.2 Lesson 最 zuì the most 它的眼睛最漂亮。 tā de yǎnjing zuì piàoliang。 Its eyes are the prettiest.
2 2.01.3 Lesson ⼏ jǐ several ⼏本书 jǐ běn shū several books
2 2.01.3 Lesson ⼗⼏ shíjǐ (any # from 11 to 19) ⼗⼏本书 shíjǐ běn shū a dozen or more books
2 2.01.3 Lesson ⼏⼗ jǐ shí tens of ⼏⼗本书 jǐ shí běn shū tens of people
2 2.01.3 Lesson # ⼏/多 # jǐ/ duō over # ⼆⼗⼏本书/⼆⼗多本书 èrshí jǐ běn shū/ èrshíduō běn shū twenty something books
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2.01.3 Lesson # M 多⽉/星期 # M duō yuè/ xīngqī over # of months/
weeks
两个多⽉，三个多星期 liǎng gè duō yuè， sān gè duō
xīngqī
over two months, over three
weeks
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2.02.1 Lesson V不V or A不A V bùV or A bùA (questions) 我去商店，你去不去？ wǒ qù shāngdiàn， nǐ qù bù qù？ I’m going to the shop, are you
going?
2 2.02.1 Lesson 是不是……？ shìbùshì……？ Is it true that…? 你是不是喜欢运动？ nǐ shìbùshì xǐhuan yùndòng？ Is it true that you like to exercise?
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2.02.2 Lesson 每 M N (都) V měi M N ( dōu) V every N V 你每个星期六(都)⼯作吗？ nǐ měi gè Xīngqīliù( dōu) gōngzuò
ma？
Do you work every Saturday
(without exception)?
2 2.02.3 Lesson 多 A duō A how A 他多⾼？ tā duō gāo？ How tall is he?
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2.03.1 Lesson 的 (N) de (N) (omitting nouns after
的)
这个杯⼦是昨天买的(杯⼦)。 zhège bēizi shì zuótiān mǎi
de( bēizi)。
This cup is the one (cup) that was
bought yesterday.
2 2.03.2 Lesson ⼀下 yīxià once (quickly/easily) 你去给⽼师送⼀下报纸。 nǐ qù gěi lǎoshī sòng yīxià bàozhǐ。 Go and deliver the newspaper to
your teacher.
2 2.03.3 Lesson 真 zhēn very, truly ⽜奶真好喝啊！ niúnǎi zhēn hǎohē ā！ The milk is so tasty!
2 2.04.1 Lesson O 是 S V 的 O shì S V de it’s S who V’ed O 这本书是我买的。 zhè běn shū shì wǒ mǎi de。 (It’s) I (who) bought the book.
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2 2.04.2 Lesson ……的时候 …… de shíhou the time when … 我18岁的时候来过北京。 wǒ18 suì de shíhou lái guò Běijīng。 I’ve come to Beijing when I was 18.
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2.04.3 Lesson 已经 V/A 了 yǐjīng V/A le already V/A 我已经⼯作两年多了。 wǒ yǐjīng gōngzuò liǎng nián duō
le。
I already worked for over two years.
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2.05.1 Lesson 就 jiù just V then 你不想去，就在家休息吧。 nǐ bùxiǎng qù， jiù zài jiā xiūxi ba。 If you don't want to go, just rest at
home then.
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2.05.2 Lesson 还 A hái A somewhat A 昨天的考试还好。 zuótiān de kǎoshì háihǎo。 Yesterday’s test was so-so (lit.
somewhat OK).
2 2.05.3 Lesson 有点⼉ A yǒudiǎnr A a bit A 今天天⽓有点⼉冷。 jīntiān tiānqì yǒudiǎnr lěng。 It's a bit cold today.
2 2.06.1 Lesson 怎么 zěnme how come 你怎么不⾼兴? nǐ zěnme bù gāoxìng? How come you’re unhappy?
2 2.06.2 Lesson N M M 都 N M M dōu every N 同学个个都很⾼兴。 tóngxué gègè dōu hěn gāoxìng。 Every student is very happy.
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2.06.3 Lesson 因为……所以…… yīnwèi……
suǒyǐ……
because… so… 因为不好吃，所以我不吃。 yīnwèi bùhǎo chī， suǒyǐ wǒ bù
chī。
Because it’s not tasty, so I won’t
eat it.
2 2.07.1 Lesson 还 V hái V still V-ing ⼋点了，他还在睡觉。 bā diǎn le， tā hái zài shuìjiào。 It’s 8, he’s still sleeping.
2 2.07.1 Lesson 还没 V hái méi V still haven’t V’ed 你怎么还没吃饭？ nǐ zěnme hái méi chīfàn？ How come you still haven’t eaten?
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2.07.2 Lesson TIME 就 V TIME jiù V V as early as TIME 同学们七点半就来教室了。 tóngxué men qī diǎn bàn jiù lái
jiàoshì le。
The students got to the classroom
as early as 7:30.
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2.07.3 Lesson N1 离 N2 DISTANCE N1 lí N2 DISTANCE N1 is DISTANCE
away from N2
学校离机场20多公⾥。 xuéxiào lí jīchǎng20 duō gōnglǐ。 The school is over 20 km away
from the airport.
2 2.07.4 Lesson ……呢! …… ne! (adding emphasis) 他还在学习呢！ tā hái zài xuéxí ne！ He is still studying!
2
2.08.1 Lesson ……好吗? …… hǎo ma? …okay? 你明天下午给我打电话好吗？ nǐ míngtiān xiàwǔ gěi wǒ dǎdiànhuà
hǎo ma？
Call me tomorrow afternoon, okay?
2 2.08.2 Lesson 再 V zài V again 你再看⼀下这本书吧。 nǐ zài kàn yīxià zhè běn shū ba。 Take another look at this book.
2
2.08.2 Lesson 再 V zài V then 让我想想再告诉你。 ràng wǒ xiǎng xiǎng zài gàosu nǐ。 Let me think about it, then I’ll let
you know.
2 2.08.2 Lesson TIME 再 V TIME zài V V only until TIME 我明天再去。 wǒ míngtiān zài qù。 I’ll go (only until) tomorrow.
2 2.08.3 Lesson 请/让/叫 O V qǐng/ ràng/ jiào O V invite/let/ask O to V 我请你吃饭。 wǒ qǐng nǐ chīfàn。 I’m inviting you to have a meal.
2 2.08.4 Lesson V V V V V for a bit 你看看这⼏件⾐服。 nǐ kànkan zhè jǐ jiàn yīfu。 Take a look at these clothes.
2 2.08.4 Lesson V⼀V V yīV V for a bit 你看⼀看这⼏件⾐服。 nǐ kànyīkàn zhè jǐ jiàn yīfu。 Take a look at these clothes.
2 2.09.1 Lesson V result V result (result complements) 我看到你的⼥朋友了。 wǒ kàn dào nǐ de nǚpéngyou le。 I saw your girlfriend.
2 2.09.1 Lesson 没 V result méi V result (result complements) 我没看到你的⼥朋友。 wǒ méi kàn dào nǐ de nǚpéngyou。 I didn’t see your girlfriend.
2
2.09.2 Lesson 从 N1 到 N2 cóng N1 dào N2 from N1 to N2 从⽼⼈到孩⼦都喜欢吃苹果。 cóng lǎorén dào háizi dōu xǐhuan
chī píngguǒ。
From old to young, all like to eat
apples.
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2.09.3 Lesson 第 # M N dì # M N #-th N 第四件事情还没做。 dì sì jiàn shìqing hái méi zuò。 We haven't done the fourth thing
yet.
2 2.10.1 Lesson 不要/别 V bùyào/ bié V don’t do V 不要/别玩⼉⼿机！ bùyào/ bié wánr shǒujī！ Don’t play with your phone!
2 2.10.1 Lesson 不要/别 V 了 bùyào/ bié V le stop doing V 不要/别玩⼉⼿机了！ bùyào/ bié wánr shǒujī le！ Stop playing with your phone!
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2.10.2 Lesson 对 N A duì N A Is A for N 学汉语对在中国⼯作有帮助。 xué Hànyǔ duì zài Zhōngguó
gōngzuò yǒubāngzhù。
Learning Chinese is helpful for
working in China.
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2.11.1 Lesson S V 的 N S V de N the N which S V’ed 我妈妈做的饭⾮常好吃。 wǒ māma zuò de fàn fēicháng
hǎochī。
The food that mom makes is very
delicious.
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2.11.2 Lesson N1 ⽐ N2 A N1 bǐ N2 A N2 is more A than N1 哥哥⽐姐姐⾼。 gēge bǐ jiějie gāo。 My (older) brother is taller than my
(older) sister.
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2.11.2 Lesson N1 没有 N2 A N1 méiyǒu N2 A N2 is not as A than
N1
哥哥没有姐姐⾼。 gēge méiyǒu jiějie gāo。 My (older) brother is not as tall as
my (older) sister.
2 2.11.3 Lesson 可能 kěnéng probably 她可能不会唱歌。 tā kěnéng bùhuì chànggē。 Maybe she cannot sing.
2 2.12.1 Lesson V 得 A V dé A (using adverbs) 我跑得很快。 wǒ pǎo dehěn kuài。 I run very quickly.
2 2.12.1 Lesson V O V 得 A V O V dé A (using adverbs) 姐姐唱歌唱得很好。 jiějie chànggē chàng dehěn hǎo。 My (older) sister sings brilliantly.
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2.12.2 Lesson V (O V) 得⽐ N A V (O V) dé bǐ N A V (O) more A than N 他学(汉语学)得⽐我快。 tā xué( Hànyǔ xué) dé bǐ wǒ kuài。 He learns (Chinese) more quickly
than I do.
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2.12.2 Lesson ⽐ N V (O V) 得 A bǐ N V (O V) dé A V (O) more A than N 他⽐我学(汉语学)得快。 tā bǐ wǒ xué( Hànyǔ xué) dé kuài。 He learns (Chinese) more quickly
than I do.
2 2.13.1 Lesson V 着 O V zhe O V-ing O 他们穿着⻄服。 tāmen chuānzhuó xīfú。 They are wearing suites.
2 2.13.1 Lesson 没 V 着 O méi V zhe O not V-ing O 他没拿着铅笔。 tā méi ná zhe qiānbǐ。 He’s not holding a pencil.
2 2.13.2 Lesson N 不是……吗？ N bùshì…… ma？ is N not… 你不是北京⼈吗？ nǐ bùshì Běijīngrén ma？ Aren’t you a Beijinger?
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2.13.3 Lesson 往 DIRECTION V wǎng DIRECTION V V toward DIRECTION 从这⼉⼀直往东⾛。 cóng zhèr yīzhí wǎng dōng zǒu。 Walk straight toward the east from
here.
2 2.14.1 Lesson V 过 V guò V’ed before 我去过中国。 wǒ qù guò Zhōngguó。 I've been to China.
2 2.14.1 Lesson 没有 V 过 méiyǒu V guò haven’t V’ed 他们没有来过我家。 tāmen méiyǒu lái guò wǒ jiā。 They have never been to my place.
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2.14.2 Lesson 虽然……但是 suīrán…… dànshì although… 虽然是晴天，但是还是很冷。 suīrán shì qíngtiān， dànshì háishi
hěn lěng。
Even though it's sunny, it's still
cold.
2
2.14.3 Lesson V 过 # 次 O V guò # cì O V’ed O # times 他们坐过三次⻜机。 tāmen zuò guò sāncì fēijī。 They have taken a plane three
times.
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2.14.3 Lesson V 过 PLACE # 次 V guò PLACE # cì V’ed to PLACE #
times
我们来过三次中国。 wǒmen lái guò sāncì Zhōngguó。 We have been to China three times.
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2.15.1 Lesson TIME (就) 要 V 了 TIME ( jiù) yào V le about to V in TIME 下个星期我们(就)要考试了。 xiàgèxīngqī wǒmen( jiù) yào kǎoshì
le。
We are about to have an exam in
just a week.
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2.15.2 Lesson 都 TIME/A/V 了 dōu TIME/A/V le It’s already TIME, is
already A, has
already V’ed
都8点了，快点⼉起床吧。 dōu8 diǎn le， kuàidiǎnr qǐchuáng
ba。
It’s already 8, get up quick!
3
3.01.1 Lesson V 好 V hǎo done V-ing 饭还没做好，请你等⼀会⼉。 fàn hái méi zuò hǎo， qǐng nǐděng
yīhuìr。
The food is not cooked yet, please
wait awhile.
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3.01.2 Lesson ⼀ + M + N + 也／都
+ 不 + V
yī + M + N + yě／
dōu + bù + V
not V even one N 我⼀个苹果也不吃。 wǒ yī gè píngguǒ yě bù chī。 I’m not eating any apples. (Lit. I
don’t eat even one apple.)
3
3.01.3 Lesson 那 nà so then 你不去，那我也不去了。 nǐ bù qù， nà wǒ yě bù qù le。 [If] you don’t go, then I won’t go
either.
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3.01.3 Lesson 那也 nà yě but still A: 我早就复习好了。B: 那也不能⼀
直玩⼉啊。
A: wǒ zǎojiù fùxí hǎole。B: nà yě
bùnéng yīzhí wánr ā。
A: I’ve done my reviewed a long
time ago already.
B: But still [you] shouldn’t be
playing all the time.
3 3.02.1 Lesson V1了就 V2 V1 le jiù V2 V2 as soon as V1 爸爸回来了我们就吃饭。 bàba huílai le wǒmen jiù chīfàn。 We’ll eat when dad comes back.
3
3.02.2 Lesson V 来／去 V lái／ qù (complements of
direction)
我们在楼上等你呢，你上来吧。 wǒmen zài lóushàng děng nǐ ne，
nǐ shànglái ba。
We are upstairs waiting, please
come up.
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3.02.2 Lesson V somewhere 来／
去
V somewhere lái／
qù
(complements of
direction)
朋友回家去了。 péngyou huíjiā qù le。 [My] friend went back home.
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3.02.2 Lesson V O 来／去 V O lái／ qù (complements of
direction)
明天要带作业来。 míngtiān yào dài zuòyè lái。 You need to bring [your] homework
tomorrow.
3
3.02.2 Lesson V 来／去 O V lái／ qù O (complements of
direction)
明天要带来作业。 míngtiān yào dàilái zuòyè。 Bring [your] homework tomorrow.
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3.02.3 Lesson 能……吗？ néng…… ma？ how can you…? 你不做作业，也不练习，能学好汉语
吗？
nǐ bù zuò zuòyè， yě bù liànxí，
néng xuéhǎo Hànyǔ ma？
You don't do [your] homework, don't
practice, how can you [possibly]
learn Chinese well?
3 3.03.1 Lesson N1 还是 N2 ? N1 háishi N2 ? N1 or N2 ? 你要喝咖啡还是喝茶？ nǐ yào hē kāfēi háishi hē chá？ Do you want coffee or tea?
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3.03.1 Lesson N1 或者 N2 N1 huòzhě N2 either N1 or N21 天冷了或者⼯作累了的时候，喝杯热
茶很舒服。
tiānlěng le huòzhě gōngzuò lèi le de
shíhou， hē bēi rèchá hěn shūfu。
When the weather is cold or when
you’re tired from work, it is very
comfortable to drink a cup of hot
tea.
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3.03.1 Lesson N1 还是 N2 N1 háishi N2 N1 or N2 (in question-
like clauses)
我还没想好去爬⼭还是去看电影。 wǒ hái méi xiǎng hǎoqù páshān
háishi qù kàn diànyǐng。
I haven't decided whether to go
hiking or to go to the movies.
3
3.03.2 Lesson PLACE + V + 着 + N PLACE + V + zhe +
N
There is N V’ed in
PLACE.
桌⼦上放着⼀杯咖啡。 zhuōzi shàng fàng zhe yī bēi kāfēi。 There is a cup of coffee placed on
the table.
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3.03.2 Lesson PLACE + 没 + V +
着 + N
PLACE + méi + V +
zhe + N
There is not N V’ed in
PLACE.
桌⼦上没放着咖啡。 zhuōzi shàng méi fàng zhe kāfēi。 There was no coffee placed on the
table.
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3.03.3 Lesson 会 + V / A + (的） huì + V / A + ( de） will V, will be A 你穿得那么少，会感冒的。 nǐ chuān dé nàme shǎo， huì
gǎnmào de。
You wear so little, you will catch a
cold.
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3 3.04.1 Lesson ⼜……⼜…… yòu…… yòu…… not only… but also… 这个⻄⽠⼜⼤⼜甜。 zhège xīguā yòu dà yòu tián。 This watermelon is big and sweet.
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3.04.2 Lesson V1 + 着 + V2 V1 + zhe + V2 V1-ing while V2-ing 弟弟吃着苹果写作业。 dìdi chī zhe píngguǒ xiě zuòyè。 The younger brother is doing
homework while eating [an] apple.
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3.05.1 Lesson A 了 A le become A 昨天吃了感冒药，现在好⼀些了。 zuótiān chī le gǎnmàoyào， xiànzài
hǎo yīxiē le。
I took flu medicine yesterday, and
I’m better now.
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3.05.1 Lesson V 了 V le (didn’t V but) now V 现在我可以穿漂亮的裙⼦了。 xiànzài wǒ kěyǐ chuān piàoliang de
qúnzi le。
Now I can wear a beautiful dress.
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3.05.2 Lesson 越来越 + A + (了) yuèláiyuè + A + ( le) more and more A 你最近越来越帅了。 nǐ zuìjìn yuèláiyuè shuài le。 You’re more and more handsome
these days.
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3.06.1 Lesson V + 得 + RESULT V + dé + RESULT can V to RESULT 我看得清楚那个汉字。 wǒ kàn dé qīngchu nàge hànzì。 I can see the Chinese character
clearly.
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3.06.1 Lesson V + 得 +
DIRECTION
V + dé +
DIRECTION
can V to DIRECTION 楼这么⾼，你上得来吗？ lóu zhème gāo， nǐ shàng dé lái
ma？
The building is so high, are you able
to come up?
3 3.06.1 Lesson V + 不 + result V + bù + result cannot V to RESULT 我找不到好饭馆。 wǒ zhǎobudào hǎo fànguǎn。 I can't seek out a good restaurant.
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3.06.1 Lesson V + 不 + direction V + bù + direction cannot V to
DIRECTION
楼太⾼了，我上不去。 lóu tài gāo le， wǒ shàng bù qù。 The building is too high, I can't go
up.
3 3.06.2 Lesson N 呢? N ne? where is N? 你的书呢？ nǐ de shū ne？ Where is your book?
3 3.06.3 Lesson 刚 V gāng V just V ⼉⼦刚做完作业。 érzi gāng zuòwán zuòyè。 The son just finished his homework.
3 3.06.3 Lesson 刚才 gāngcái moments ago 刚才⼉⼦在做作业。 gāngcái érzi zài zuò zuòyè。 My son is doing homework
moments ago.
3
3.07.1 Lesson V + 了 + DURATION
+ O
V + le + DURATION
+ O
V’ed O for
DURATION
我们坐了⼀个⼩时公共汽⻋。 wǒmen zuò le yī gè xiǎoshí
gōnggòngqìchē。
We took a bus for an hour.
3
3.07.1 Lesson V + 了 + DURATION
+ O + 了
V + le + DURATION
+ O + le
have been V-ing O
for DURATION
我学习了⼀年汉语了。 wǒ xuéxí le yī nián Hànyǔ le。 I have studied Chinese for a year.
3
3.07.2 Lesson 对 N 感兴趣/有兴趣 duì N gǎnxìngqù/
yǒuxìngqù
interested in N 他们对中国电影感兴趣。 tāmen duì Zhōngguó diànyǐng
gǎnxìngqù。
They are interested in Chinese
movies.
3
3.07.2 Lesson 对 N 没兴趣 duì N méi xìngqù not interested in N 他们对中国电影没兴趣。 tāmen duì Zhōngguó diànyǐng méi
xìngqù。
They are not interested in Chinese
movies.
3 3.07.3 Lesson 半 bàn half hour 现在七点半。 xiànzài qī diǎn bàn。 It’s half past seven.
3
3.07.3 Lesson ⼀刻 yī kè quarter hour (when
telling time)
现在七点⼀刻。 xiànzài qī diǎn yī kè。 Now it’s quarter past seven.
3
3.07.3 Lesson ⼀刻钟 yī kè zhōng quarter hour
(duration)
你迟到了⼀刻钟。 nǐ chí dàoliǎo yī kè zhōng。 You are late for 15 minutes.
3 3.07.3 Lesson 差 (chà) chà (chà) to (when telling time) 已经差⼀刻⼋点了！ yǐjīng chà yī kè bā diǎn le！ It’s already a quarter to eight!
3
3.08.1 Lesson 再 V zài V again (later) 我明天还要再去看看。 wǒ míngtiān hái yào zài qù
kànkan。
I will go see it again tomorrow.
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3 3.08.1 Lesson ⼜ V yòu V (did) again 你今天怎么⼜迟到了? nǐ jīntiān zěnme yòu chí dàoliǎo? Why are you late again today?
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3.08.2 Lesson S + Q1 + 就 + Q2 S + Q1 + jiù + Q2 (S acts in a way so
that the answer to
Q1 is the same as
the answer to Q2.)
我想喝什么就喝什么。 wǒ xiǎng hē shénme jiù hē
shénme。
I drink whatever I want to drink.
3
3.08.2 Lesson S1 + Q + S2 + 就 + Q S1 + Q + S2 + jiù +
Q
(S2 acts in a way that
the answer to Q is
true for both S1 and
S2.)
你喝什么我就喝什么。 nǐ hē shénme wǒ jiù hē shénme。 I drink whatever you drink.
3
3.09.1 Lesson 越 V1/A1 越 V2/A2 yuè V1/A1 yuè V2/
A2
the more V1/A1 the
more V2/A2
我们越聊越开⼼。 wǒmen yuè liáo yuè kāixīn。 The more we chat, the more joyous
we are.
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3.09.2 Lesson N1 跟 N2 ⼀样 N1 gēn N2 yīyàng N1 is like N2 你的眼睛跟⼤熊猫⼀样。 nǐ de yǎnjing gēn dàxióngmāo
yīyàng。
Your eyes are like pandas’ [eyes].
3 3.09.2 Lesson N1 跟 N2 ⼀样 A N1 gēn N2 yīyàng A N1 is as A as N2 ⼉⼦跟爸爸⼀样⾼。 érzi gēn bàba yīyàng gāo。 The son is as tall as his father.
3
3.10.1 Lesson 没有 N (这么/那么)
A
méiyǒu N ( zhème/
nàme) A
not as A as N 我的汉语没有他那么好。 wǒ de Hànyǔ méiyǒu tā nàme hǎo。 My Chinese is not as good as his.
3
3.10.1 Lesson A ⼀点⼉/⼀些 A yīdiǎnr/ yīxiē A little more A ⼤⼭⽐⼤卫矮⼀点⼉。 Dàshān bǐ Dàwèi ǎi yīdiǎnr。 Dashan is a little shorter than
David.
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3.10.1 Lesson A 得多/多了 A dé duō/ duō le much more A 今天的作业⽐昨天多得多。 jīntiān de zuòyè bǐ zuótiān duō dé
duō。
Today's homework is much more
than yesterday’s.
3
3.10.2 Lesson # #+1 # #+1 # or #+1 我每天学习⼀两个⼩时汉语。 wǒ měitiān xuéxí yī liǎng gè xiǎoshí
Hànyǔ。
I study Chinese for one or two
hours a day.
3 3.11.1 Lesson 把 + Ｏ + Ｖ + 了 bǎ + Ｏ + Ｖ + le V’ed the O 我把钱包忘了。 wǒ bǎ qiánbāo wàng le。 I forgot my/the wallet.
3
3.11.1 Lesson 不要/别/没把 + Ｏ +
Ｖ + 了
bùyào/ bié/ méi bǎ
+ Ｏ + Ｖ + le
don’t/don’t/haven’t
V’ed the O
别把⼿机忘了。 bié bǎshǒu jī wàng le。 Don't forget your/the phone.
3
3.11.2 Lesson # 左右 # zuǒyòu approximately # 周末我⼀般⼗点左右起床。 zhōumò wǒ yībān shí diǎn zuǒyòu
qǐchuáng。
I usually get up at around 10
o'clock on weekends.
3
3.12.1 Lesson 就 V/A jiù V/A just (better than
expected)
坐⻜机⼀个⼩时就到了。 zuòfēijī yī gè xiǎoshí jiù dàoliǎo。 It takes only an hour to get there by
plane.
3
3.12.1 Lesson 才 V/A cái V/A just (worse than
expected)
你怎么才来？ nǐ zěnme cái lái？ How come you only came just
now? (Why are you so late?)
3
3.12.2 Lesson 把 + O + V + 在/到 +
PLACE
bǎ + O + V + zài/
dào + PLACE
V’d the O to PLACE 我把照⽚放在你包⾥了。 wǒ bǎ zhàopiàn fàng zài nǐ bāo lǐ
le。
I put the photo in your bag.
3
3.13.1 Lesson V + motion V + 来/
去
V + motion V + lái/
qù
(compound
complements of
direction)
明天我们⼀起把礼物送过去。 míngtiān wǒmen yīqǐ bǎ lǐwù sòng
guòqu。
Let's send the gift over together
tomorrow.
3
3.13.2 Lesson ⼀边 + V1 + ⼀边 +
V2
yībiān + V1 + yībiān
+ V2
V1 while V2 他⼀边唱歌⼀边跳舞。 tā yībiān chànggē yībiān tiàowǔ。 He sang while he danced.
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3 3.14.1 Lesson 把 + O + V + result bǎ + O + V + result V the O until RESULT 我把⾐服洗⼲净了。 wǒ bǎ yīfu xǐ gānjìng le。 I washed my clothes clean.
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3.14.1 Lesson 把 + O + V +
direction
bǎ + O + V +
direction
V the O to
DIRECTION
他把⽔果拿过来了。 tā bǎ shuǐguǒ ná guòlái le。 He took the fruit over.
3
3.14.2 Lesson 先……再/⼜……然
后……
xiān…… zài/
yòu…… ránhòu……
First, then, then, … 我先坐了公共汽⻋，⼜坐了地铁，然
后才到⼩刚家。
wǒ xiān zuò le gōnggòngqìchē，
yòu zuò le dìtiě， ránhòu cái dào
xiǎo gāng jiā。
I first took the bus, then took the
subway, and then went to
Xiaogang's house.
3
3.15.1 Lesson 除了 N 以外 chúle N yǐwài except N 除了这个汉字以外，别的我都认识。 chúle zhège hànzì yǐwài， biéde wǒ
dōu rènshi。
Except for this Chinese character, I
know everything else.
3
3.15.1 Lesson 除了……(以外)，
还……
chúle……( yǐwài)，
hái……
not only…, but
also…
上⽹除了看新闻(以外)，还可以听⾳
乐。
shàngwǎng chúle kàn
xīnwén( yǐwài)， hái kěyǐ tīng
yīnyuè。
In addition to watching the news,
you can listen to music too.
3
3.15.2 Lesson 什么 shénme any 周末你有什么打算吗? zhōumò nǐ yǒu shénme dǎsuàn ma? Do you have any plans for the
weekend?
3
3.15.3 Lesson A 极了 A jíle extremely A 今天天⽓冷极了。 jīntiān tiānqì lěng jíle。 The weather is extremely cold
today.
3
3.16.1 Lesson 如果……(的话),
就……
rúguǒ……( dehuà),
jiù……
if …, then… 如果你太累的话，就休息⼀会⼉。 rúguǒ nǐ tài lèi dehuà， jiù xiūxi
yīhuìr。
If you are too tired, take a break.
3
3.16.2 Lesson A + 得 + CLAUSE A + dé + CLAUSE so A that + CLAUSE ⼉⼦累得下了班就睡觉了。 érzi lèi dé xià le bān jiù shuìjiào le。 The son was so tired that he went
to sleep as soon as he got oﬀ work.
3
3.16.3 Lesson A + A + 的 A + A + de A (with
characteristics)
她⿐⼦⼩⼩的，头发⿊⿊的。 tā bízi xiǎoxiǎo de， tóufa hēi hēi
de。
Her nose is teeny tiny and her hair
is black.
3
3.17.1 Lesson V + V V + V V for a bit 我带你去医院检查检查吧。 wǒ dài nǐ qù yīyuàn jiǎnchá jiǎnchá
ba。
Let me take you to the hospital for
to check up a bit.
3
3.17.2 Lesson Q + 都 Q + dōu Q-ever ⼩刚什么都喜欢吃。 xiǎo gāng shénme dōu xǐhuan chī。 Xiao Gang likes to eat anything (lit.
whatever).
3
3.18.1 Lesson 只要……就…… zhǐyào…… jiù…… as long as 只要我有时间，就⼀定跟你去旅游。 zhǐyào wǒ yǒu shíjiān， jiù yīdìng
gēn nǐ qù lǚyóu。
As long as I have time, I will
definitely travel with you.
3
3.18.2 Lesson 关于 guānyú about 关于这件事，我们还没有决定呢。 guānyú zhè jiàn shì， wǒmen hái
méiyǒu juédìng ne。
We have not decided on this matter
yet.
3
3.19.1 Lesson V + 出来 V + chūlái V and produce an
outcome
这个字你能写出来吗? zhège zì nǐ néng xiě chūlái ma? Can you write (out) this word?
3
3.19.1 Lesson V + 出来 V + chūlái V and recognize 你听出来了吗？这是谁的声⾳？ nǐ tīng chūlái le ma？ zhè shì shéi
de shēngyīn？
After listening, did you recognize
[it]? Whose voice is this?
3
3.19.1 Lesson V + 下来 V + xiàlai V down 我真希望时间能慢下来。 wǒ zhēn xīwàng shíjiān néng màn
xiàlai。
I really hope that time can slow
down.
3
3.19.1 Lesson 想起来 xiǎngqilai to recall 我想不起来他的名字了。 wǒ xiǎng bù qilai tā de míngzi le。 I can't think of (lit. think up) his
name.
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3
3.19.1 Lesson 看起来/看上去 kànqǐlái/
kànshangqu
to seem 他看上去/看起来像40多岁。 tā kànshangqu/ kànqǐlái xiàng40
duō suì。
He looks like he is in his 40s.
3 3.19.2 Lesson 使/叫/让 + O + A/V shǐ/ jiào/ ràng + O +
A/V
make O A/V 读书使/叫/让我快乐。 dúshū shǐ/ jiào/ ràng wǒ kuàilè。 Reading makes me happy.
3
3.20.1 Lesson O + 被/叫/让 + S +
V
O + bèi/ jiào/ ràng +
S + V
O is V’ed by S 我的照相机被/叫/让谁拿⾛了? wǒ de zhàoxiàngjī bèi/ jiào/ ràng
shéi názǒu le?
My camera was taken by who?
3
3.20.1 Lesson O + 不/没 + 被/叫/让
+ S + V
O + bù/ méi + bèi/
jiào/ ràng + S + V
O is not V’ed by S 问题还没有被解决呢。 wèntí hái méiyǒu bèi jiějué ne。 The problem has not been solved
yet.
4
3.20.2 Lesson 只有……才…… zhǐyǒu…… cái…… only if 只有写完作业，才能看电视。 zhǐyǒu xiěwán zuòyè， cáinéng kàn
diànshì。
You can watch TV only if you finish
your homework.
4
4.01.1 Lesson 不仅……也/还/⽽
且……
bùjǐn…… yě/ hái/
érqiě……
Not only… but also… 我不仅看过《泰坦尼克号》，也看过
《诺丁⼭》。
wǒ bùjǐn kàn guò《 Tàitǎnníkè
Hào》， yě kàn guò《 nuò dīng
shān》。
I have not only seen Titanic, but
also Notting Hill.
4
4.01.1 Lesson 不仅 S1……，S2
也……
bùjǐn S1……，S2
yě……
Not only S1…, S2
also…
不仅⻢克看过《诺丁⼭》，我也看过
《诺丁⼭》。
bùjǐn Mǎkè kàn guò《 nuò dīng
shān》， wǒ yě kàn guò《 nuò dīng
shān》。
Not only did Mark see Notting Hill, I
also saw Notting Hill.
4 4.01.2 Lesson 从来不 V cóngláibù V never V 我中午从来不睡觉。 wǒ zhōngwǔ cóngláibù shuìjiào。 I never sleep at noon.
4
4.01.2 Lesson 从来没 V/A 过 cóngláiméi V/A guò never have V’ed,
never have been A
他爸爸妈妈从来没这么⾼兴过。 tā bàba māma cóngláiméi zhème
gāoxìng guò。
His father and mother have never
been so happy.
4 4.01.3 Lesson 刚/刚刚 V gāng/ gānggang V just V’ed 我上个⽉刚结婚。 wǒ shànggèyuè gāng jiéhūn。 I just got married last month.
4
4.01.3 Lesson 刚 + V + DURATION gāng + V +
DURATION
have V’ed for just
DURATION
他刚来⼀个⽉。 tā gāng lái yī gè yuè。 He’s been [lit. come] here for just a
month.
4
4.01.3 Lesson 刚才 gāngcái moments ago 刚才我收到了⼀封电⼦邮件。 gāngcái wǒ shōu dàoliǎo yī fēng
diànzǐyóujiàn。
I just received an email.
4
4.01.4 Lesson 即使……也…… jíshǐ…… yě…… even if…, still… 即使冬天很冷，他也每天去操场跑
步。
jíshǐ dōngtiān hěn lěng， tā yě
měitiān qù cāochǎng pǎobù。
Even if it’s very cold in winter, he
still goes to the playground to job
every day.
4
4.01.5 Lesson (在) N 上 ( zài) N shàng with regard to N 在爱好上，我更像我妈妈。 zài àihào shàng， wǒ gèng xiàng
wǒ māma。
In terms of hobbies, I am more like
my mother.
4 4.02.1 Lesson 正好 zhènghǎo just right ⾐服⼤⼩正好。 yīfu dàxiǎo zhènghǎo。 The clothes are just the right size.
4
4.02.1 Lesson V 得正好 V dé zhènghǎo V’ed at just the right
time
你来得正好。 nǐ láide zhènghǎo。 You came at just the right time.
4
4.02.2 Lesson N & N 差不多 N & N chàbuduō N & N are about the
same
这辆⻋的颜⾊和那辆⻋的颜⾊差不
多。
zhè liàng chē de yánsè hé nà liàng
chē de yánsè chàbuduō。
The color of this car is similar to the
color of that car.
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4.02.2 Lesson 差不多 # chàbuduō # about # 这台电脑差不多5000块。 zhè tái diànnǎo chàbuduō5000
kuài。
This computer is about 5,000 yuan.
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4.02.2 Lesson 差不多 A chàbuduō A about A ⼥⼉个⼦跟我差不多⼀样⾼。 nǚ'ér gèzi gēn wǒ chàbuduō yīyàng
gāo。
My daughter is about as tall as me.
4 4.02.2 Lesson 差不多 V chàbuduō V about V’ed ⼯作差不多⼲完了。 gōngzuò chàbuduō gàn wánle。 Work is about finished.
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4.02.2 Lesson ⼏乎 # jīhū # almost # 这台电脑⼏乎5000块。 zhè tái diànnǎo jīhū5000 kuài。 This computer is almost 5,000
yuan.
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4.02.2 Lesson ⼏乎 A jīhū A almost 得失⼏乎相当。 déshī jīhū xiāngdāng。 The loss and the gain are almost
the same.
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4.02.2 Lesson ⼏乎 V jīhū V almost 这件事我⼏乎忘了告诉你了。 zhè jiàn shì wǒ jīhū wàng le gàosu nǐ
le。
I almost forgot to tell you about this.
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4.02.3 Lesson 尽管 jǐnguǎn although 尽管今天很冷，可是他穿的⾐服很
少。
jǐnguǎn jīntiān hěn lěng， kěshì tā
chuān de yīfu hěn shǎo。
Although it is very cold today, he
wears very little clothes.
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4.02.4 Lesson (虽然/尽管) …… 却 ( suīrán/ jǐnguǎn)
…… què
(although)… but (虽然/尽管) ⼯作很忙，她们却每天坚
持锻炼。
( suīrán/ jǐnguǎn) gōngzuò hěn
máng， tāmen què měitiān jiānchí
duànliàn。
(Although) they are busy at work,
but they insist on exercising every
day.
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4.02.5 Lesson ⽽ ér and/but 听、说能⼒很重要，⽽写汉字的能⼒
也重要。
tīng、 shuō nénglì hěn zhòngyào，
ér xiě hànzì de nénglì yě
zhòngyào。
Listening and speaking abilities are
very important, and (on the other
hand) the ability to write Chinese
characters is also important.
4 4.03.1 Lesson 挺 A 的 tǐng A de quite A 我挺喜欢这个地⽅的。 wǒ tǐng xǐhuan zhège dìfang de。 I quite like this place.
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4.03.2 Lesson 本来 V/A běnlái V/A originally V/A 她本来想学新闻，但是现在学习法
律。
tā běnlái xiǎng xué xīnwén， dànshì
xiànzài xuéxí fǎlǜ。
She originally wanted to learn the
news, but now she is studying law.
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4.03.2 Lesson 本来就 V/A běnlái jiù V/A V/A in the first place 学⽣本来就不应该上课迟到。 xuésheng běnlái jiù bù yīnggāi
shàngkè chídào。
Students should not be late for
class in the first place.
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4.03.3 Lesson 另/另外/另外的 + #
+ N
lìng/ lìngwài/ lìngwài
de + # + N
another # N 他拿出另/另外/另外的⼀本书。 tā náchū lìng/ lìngwài/ lìngwài de yī
běn shū。
He took out another book.
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4.03.3 Lesson 另外的/其他的/别的
N
lìngwài de/ qítā de/
biéde N
other N 不要看这本书，请看另外的/其他的/
别的书。
bùyào kàn zhè běn shū， qǐngkàn
lìngwài de/ qítā de/ biéde shū。
Don't read this book, please read
other books.
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4.03.3 Lesson 另/另外 V lìng/ lìngwài V V another 他另/另外给了我三⼗元。 tā lìng/ lìngwài gěi le wǒ sānshí
yuán。
He gave me another 30 yuan.
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4.03.3 Lesson 另外，…… lìngwài，…… In addition, … 多吃⽔果。另外，还要记得多喝⽔。 duō chī shuǐguǒ。 lìngwài， hái yào
jìde duō hē shuǐ。
Eat more fruits. Also, remember to
drink more water.
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4.03.4 Lesson ⾸先……其次…… shǒuxiān……
qícì……
First… second… 应聘时，⾸先要穿正式的⾐服，其次
不要紧张。
yìngpìn shí， shǒuxiān yào chuān
zhèngshì de yīfu， qícì bùyào
jǐnzhāng。
At the job interview, first [you]
should wear formal clothing, and
second don't be nervous.
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4.03.5 Lesson 不管 bùguǎn no matter 不管什么电影，我都喜欢看。 bùguǎn shénme diànyǐng， wǒ dōu
xǐhuan kàn。
I like to watch all kinds of movies.
(Lit. No matter what movie, I like to
watch them all.)
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4.04.1 Lesson 以为 yǐwéi to believe falsely 我以为东⻄是给我的，其实是给爸爸
的。
wǒ yǐwéi dōngxi shì gěi wǒ de，
qíshí shì gěi bàba de。
I thought the thing was for me, but
actually it was for my father.
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4.04.2 Lesson 原来/本来 yuánlái/ běnlái originally 原来/本来需要12个⼩时。 yuánlái/ běnlái xūyào12 gè
xiǎoshí。
It originally required 12 hours.
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4.04.2 Lesson 原来 clause yuánlái clause it turns out 我还以为是谁帮我打扫房间呢，原来
是你啊！
wǒ hái yǐwéi shì shéi bāng wǒ
dǎsǎo fángjiān ne， yuánlái shì nǐ
ā！
I was wondering who was cleaning
the room for me. It turns out it’s
you!
4 4.04.2 Lesson 本来就 V/A běnlái jiù V/A (see 4.03.2) - - -
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4.04.3 Lesson 并不/并没 V/A bìngbù/ bìng méi V/
A
(emphasize the
negative)
⼤家说外⾯很冷，但我并不觉得冷。 dàjiā shuō wàimiàn hěn lěng， dàn
wǒ bìngbù juéde lěng。
Everyone said that it was cold
outside, but I (rather) didn’t feel
cold.
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4.04.4 Lesson 按照 N ànzhào N according to N 我们还是按照原来的计划进⾏。 wǒmen háishi ànzhào yuánlái de
jìhuà jìnxíng。
We are still proceeding according
to the original plan.
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4.04.5 Lesson 甚⾄ V/A shènzhì V/A even V/A 他⼯作很努⼒，甚⾄忘了吃饭。 tā gōngzuò hěn nǔlì， shènzhì wàng
le chīfàn。
He worked hard and even forgot to
eat.
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4.05.1 Lesson 肯定 V/A kěndìng V/A certainly V/A 运动对身体健康肯定有好处。 yùndòng duì shēntǐ jiànkāng
kěndìng yǒu hǎochu。
Exercise is definitely good for your
health.
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4.05.1 Lesson 肯定 kěndìng certain 我能肯定，张远⼀定会来。 wǒ néng kěndìng， zhāng yuǎn
yīdìng huì lái。
I can be sure that Zhang Yuan will
definitely come.
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4.05.1 Lesson 肯定的 kěndìng de affirmative, positive 他的回答是肯定的。 tā de huídá shì kěndìng de。 His answer is yes (in the
affirmative).
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4.05.2 Lesson 再说 zàishuō talk about it / deal
with it until a later
time
现在学习忙，考完再说吧。 xiànzài xuéxí máng， kǎowán
zàishuō ba。
I’m busy studying now, let’s talk
about it / deal with it (until) after
the exam.
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4.05.2 Lesson 再说 zàishuō besides 毕业后⼤家都很忙，再说，很多同学
不在⼀个城市。
bìyè hòu dàjiā dōu hěn máng，
zàishuō， hěn duō tóngxué bùzài yī
gè chéngshì。
After graduation, everyone was very
busy. Besides, many students are
not in a city.
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4.05.3 Lesson 实际的 shíjì de real 实际的东⻄跟⼴告上的不⼀样。 shíjì de dōngxi gēn guǎnggào shàng
de bùyīyàng。
The actual thing is different from the
one on the advertisement.
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4.05.3 Lesson 实际 shíjì reality ⼴告跟实际不⼀样。 guǎnggào gēn shíjì bùyīyàng。 Advertising is not the same as the
actual [thing].
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4.05.3 Lesson 实际上 shíjìshàng in reality ⼴告说得好，实际上不⼀定好。 guǎnggào shuō dé hǎo， shíjìshàng
bùyīdìng hǎo。
The advertisement is well said, but it
is not necessarily good in reality.
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4.05.4 Lesson 对……来说 duì…… láishuō for, as for 对我来说，学习机会更重要。 duìwǒláishuō， xuéxí jīhuì gèng
zhòngyào。
For me, learning opportunities are
more important.
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4.05.5 Lesson 特别 tèbié very much, extremely 您⼥⼉⻓得特别像您。 nín nǚ'ér zhǎngde tèbié xiàng nín。 Your daughter looks especially like
you.
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4.05.5 Lesson 特别/尤其 tèbié/ yóuqí especially,
particularly
您⼥⼉⻓得真像您，特别是/尤其眼
睛。
nín nǚ'ér zhǎngde zhēn xiàng nín，
tèbié shì/ yóuqí yǎnjing。
Your daughter looks like you,
especially her eyes.
4 4.05.5 Lesson 特别的 tèbié de special 我有⼀个特别的要求。 wǒ yǒu yī gè tèbié de yāoqiú。 I have a special request.
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4.06.1 Lesson 竟然 V/A jìngrán V/A (expressing surprise) 这个歌特别好听，最近很流⾏，你竟
然没听过？
zhège gē tèbié hǎotīng， zuìjìn hěn
liúxíng， nǐ jìngrán méi tīng guò？
This song is particularly nice, it has
been very popular recently, you’re
telling me you’ve never heard of it?
4 4.06.2 Lesson # 倍 # bèi # times ⼆的五倍是⼗。 èr de wǔ bèi shì shí。 2, multiplied 5 times, is 10.
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4.06.3 Lesson 值得 V zhíde V is worth 您看看这个，不管从价格⽅⾯看，
还是从质量上看，都是值得考虑
的。
nín kànkan zhège， bùguǎn cóng
jiàgé fāngmiàn kàn， háishi cóng
zhìliàng shàng kàn， dōu shì zhíde
kǎolǜ de。
Look at this, both in terms of price
and quality, it is worth considering.
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4.06.3 Lesson 值/值得 zhí/ zhíde is worth it 别总是为⼀点⼉⼩事⽣⽓，不值/值
得。
bié zǒngshì wéi yīdiǎnr xiǎoshì
shēngqì， bùzhí/ zhíde。
Don't always be angry with a little
thing, it’s not worth it.
4 4.06.3 Lesson 值 $ zhí $ is worth $ 这个⼿表值五⼗块。 zhège shǒubiǎo zhí wǔshí kuài。 This watch is worth fifty yuan.
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4.06.4 Lesson 其中 qízhōng among them 我们不仅要会读书，还要会选择其中
的好书来读。
wǒmen bùjǐn yào huì dúshū， hái
yào huì xuǎnzé qízhōng de hǎo shū
lái dú。
Not only do we have to read books,
but we also need to know how to
choose the good ones among them
to read.
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4.06.5 Lesson (在) SITUATION 下 ( zài) SITUATION xià under SITUATION (在) ⼀般情况下，你花的钱越多，买
的东⻄也就越好。
( zài) yībān qíngkuàng xià， nǐ huā
de qián yuè duō， mǎi de dōngxi yě
jiù yuè hǎo。
In general (lit. under general
circumstances), the more money
you spend, the better the goods you
buy.
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4.07.1 Lesson 估计/可能 CLAUSE gūjì/ kěnéng
CLAUSE
perhaps CLAUSE 你有没有去问问⼩王？估计/可能他
应该有办法。
nǐ yǒu méiyǒu qù wèn wèn xiǎo
wáng？ gūjì/ kěnéng tā yīnggāi
yǒubànfǎ。
Have you asked Xiao Wang?
Perhaps he should have a solution.
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4.07.1 Lesson 估计/可能 V gūjì/ kěnéng V perhaps V 我还不习惯北⽅的⽓候，估计/可能
是天⽓太⼲。
wǒ hái bù xíguàn běifāng de
qìhòu， gūjì/ kěnéng shì tiānqì tài
gàn。
I am not used to the climate in the
north. Perhaps it’s because the
weather is too dry.
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4.07.1 Lesson 可能的 N kěnéng de N probable 他这么多天没来上课，最可能的原因
就是他回国了。
tā zhème duō tiān méi lái shàngkè，
zuì kěnéng de yuányīn jiùshì tā
huíguó le。
He did not come to class for so
many days. The most probable
reason is that he returned to China.
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4.07.2 Lesson 来不及 láibují be too late 等你身体出现问题了，后悔就来不及
了。
děng nǐ shēntǐ chūxiàn wèntí le，
hòuhuǐ jiù láibují le。
When you have a problem with your
health, it’ll be too late to regret it.
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4.07.3 Lesson V + V + O V + V + O VO for a bit
(reduplication)
咱们午饭后就去附近的公园散散步
吧。
zánmen wǔfàn hòu jiù qù fùjìn de
gōngyuán sànsànbù ba。
Let's go for a walk in the nearby
park after lunch.
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4.07.3 Lesson V + 了 + V + O V + le + V + O V’ed O for a bit
(reduplication)
星期天我睡了睡觉，游了游泳，做了
做作业。
Xīngqītiān wǒ shuì le shuìjiào， yóu
le yóuyǒng， zuò le zuò zuòyè。
On Sunday, I slept a bit, did some
swimming, [and] did some
homework.
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4.07.4 Lesson 要是 yàoshi if 要是质量好的话，那么价格贵⼀点⼉
也没关系。
yàoshi zhìliàng hǎo dehuà， nàme
jiàgé guì yīdiǎnr yě méiguānxi。
If the quality is good, then it doesn't
matter if the price is a little bit
expensive.
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4.07.5 Lesson 既..... ⼜/也/还…… jì..... yòu/ yě/
hái……
not only… but also… 散步既可以活动身体，⼜可以减肥。 sànbù jì kěyǐ huódòng shēntǐ， yòu
kěyǐ jiǎnféi。
Walking can [allow you to] both
move the body and lose weight.
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4.08.1 Lesson 使 O A/V shǐ O A/V make O A/V 怎么样才能使她喜欢我呢？ zěnmeyàng cáinéng shǐ tā xǐhuan
wǒ ne？
How can I make her like me?
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4.08.2 Lesson 只要……(就)…… zhǐyào……( jiù)…… as long as… (then)… 只要这次你好好⼉准备，(就) ⼀定能
把⽐赛踢好。
zhǐyào zhè cì nǐhǎo hǎo r zhǔnbèi，(
jiù) yīdìng néng bǎ bǐsài tī hǎo。
As long as you are ready this time,
you will be able to play the match
well.
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4.08.3 Lesson 可不是！ kěbushì！ No kidding! A: 没想到咱们毕业都已经⼗年了。B:
可不是！时间过得太快了，真想⼤
家。
A: méixiǎngdào zánmen bìyè dōu
yǐjīng shí nián le。B: kěbushì！
shíjiān guòdé tài kuài le， zhēn
xiǎng dàjiā。
A: I didn't expect that we have
graduated for ten years.
B: Tell me about it! Time flies too
fast, I really miss everyone.
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4.08.4 Lesson 因此 yīncǐ therefore 我认识他很多年，因此，很了解他的
性格。
wǒ rènshi tā hěn duō nián， yīncǐ，
hěn liǎojiě tā de xìnggé。
I have known him for many years,
so I know his character very well.
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4.08.5 Lesson 往往 wǎngwǎng usually, often ⼥孩⼦对⾐服颜⾊的选择往往与她们
的性格有关。
nǚháizi duì yīfu yánsè de xuǎnzé
wǎngwǎng yǔ tāmen de xìnggé
yǒuguān。
Girls' choice of clothing color is
often related to their personality.
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4.08.5 Lesson 经常/常 jīngcháng/ cháng often 上⼤学时我很喜欢运动，经常/常打
篮球、踢⾜球。
shàng dàxué shí wǒ hěn xǐhuan
yùndòng， jīngcháng/ cháng dǎ
lánqiú、 tī zúqiú。
When I was in college, I liked sports
very much. I often played basketball
and football.
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4.09.1 Lesson 难道 nándào could it be that 怎么⼜买了这么多饼⼲和巧克⼒？难
道你不减肥了？
zěnme yòu mǎi le zhème duō
bǐnggān hé qiǎokèlì？ nándào nǐ bù
jiǎnféi le？
How did you buy so many cookies
and chocolates? Could it be that
you’re not dieting any more?
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4.09.2 Lesson 通过 tōngguò through 任何成功都要通过努⼒才能得到。 rènhé chénggōng dōu yào tōngguò
nǔlì cáinéng dédào。
Any success must be achieved
through hard work.
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4.09.2 Lesson 经过 jīngguò after having gone
through
经过⼀次次失败之后，他终于成功
了。
jīngguò yīcì cì shībài zhīhòu， tā
zhōngyú chénggōng le。
Having gone through many
failures, he finally succeeded.
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4.09.2 Lesson 通过 tōngguò pass through 这条街只能步⾏通过。 zhè tiáo jiē zhǐnéng bùxíng
tōngguò。
You can only go through this street
on foot.
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4.09.2 Lesson 经过 jīngguò pass by 我正好经过这⼉，顺便过来看看你。 wǒ zhènghǎo jīngguò zhèr，
shùnbiàn guòlái kànkan nǐ。
It just so happened that I’m passing
by, [so I] came to see you on the
way.
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4.09.2 Lesson 通过 tōngguò to pass (an exam,
interview or
resolution)
我通过那家公司的⾯试了。 wǒ tōngguò nà jiā gōngsī de
miànshì le。
I passed the interview with that
company.
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4.09.2 Lesson 经过 jīngguò the whole story ⼩王把事情的经过告诉我了。 xiǎo wáng bǎ shìqing de jīngguò
gàosu wǒ le。
Xiao Wang told me the whole story
of [how] the event [happened].
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4.09.3 Lesson 可是 kěshì but 当时她的⽗⺟和亲戚都不⽀持她，可
是她坚持⾃⼰的选择。
dāngshí tā de fùmǔ hé qīnqi dōu bù
zhīchí tā， kěshì tā jiānchí zìjǐ de
xuǎnzé。
At that time her parents and
relatives did not support her, but
she insisted on her choice.
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4.09.4 Lesson 结果 jiéguǒ result 请把调查结果交上来。 qǐng bǎ diàochájiéguǒ jiāo
shànglái。
Please submit the results of the
investigation.
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4.09.4 Lesson 结果…… jiéguǒ…… As a result, … 上学期他学习很⽤功，结果考试及格
了。
shàng xuéqī tā xuéxí hěn
yònggōng， jiéguǒ kǎoshì jígé le。
He studied hard last term
and, as a result, he passed the
examination.
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4.09.5 Lesson 上 # shàng # over # 这个城市的地铁已经有上百年的历史
了。
zhège chéngshì de dìtiě yǐjīng yǒu
shàng bǎinián de lìshǐ le。
The city's subway has been around
for over a hundred years.
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4.10.1 Lesson 不过 bùguò nevertheless 我本来想当律师，不过后来我发现⾃
⼰对新闻更感兴趣。
wǒ běnlái xiǎng dāng lǜshī， bùguò
hòulái wǒ fāxiàn zìjǐ duì xīnwén
gèng gǎnxìngqù。
I originally wanted to be a lawyer,
nevertheless I found myself more
interested in news.
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4.10.1 Lesson 不过 V bùguò V only V 我们不过谈了点⼉⼯作⽅⾯的问题，
别的都没谈。
wǒmen bùguò tán le diǎnr gōngzuò
fāngmiàn de wèntí， biéde dōu méi
tán。
We only talked about some work
problems (and nothing more), and
we didn’t talk about anything else.
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4.10.2 Lesson 确实 quèshí indeed 爱情确实是结婚的重要原因，但仅有
爱情是不够的。
àiqíng quèshí shì jiéhūn de
zhòngyào yuányīn， dàn jǐn yǒu
àiqíng shì bùgòu de。
Love is indeed an important reason
for marriage, but only love is not
enough.
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4.10.3 Lesson 在 S 看来 zài S kànlai the way S see it 在很多⼈看来，听流⾏⾳乐仅仅是年
轻⼈的爱好。
zài hěn duō rén kànlai， tīng
liúxíngyīnyuè jǐnjǐn shì niánqīngrén
de àihào。
The way a lot of people sees it [is
that] listening to pop music is only a
hobby of young people.
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4.10.4 Lesson 由于…… yóuyú…… because … 由于我们的共同努⼒，任务提前完成
了。
yóuyú wǒmen de gòngtóngnǔlì，
rènwu tíqián wánchéng le。
Owing to our joint eﬀorts, the task
was fulfilled ahead of schedule.
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4.10.4 Lesson 由于 N yóuyú N due to N 由于种种原因，我们不得不改变原来
的计划。
yóuyú zhǒngzhǒng yuányīn，
wǒmen bùdébù gǎibiàn yuánlái de
jìhuà。
For various reasons, we had to
change the original plan.
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4.10.5 Lesson ⽐如…… bǐrú…… for example, …… 旅游前最好做个计划，⽐如要去⼏个
地⽅，怎么坐⻋等。
lǚyóu qián zuìhǎo zuò gè jìhuà，
bǐrú yào qù jǐge dìfang， zěnme
zuòchē děng。
It is best to make a plan before the
trip, for example, how many places
to go to, how to take transit, etc.
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4.11.1 Lesson 连 O 也/都 V lián O yě/ dōu V even V O 你太厉害了，连中⽂报纸都看得懂。 nǐ tài lìhai le， lián Zhōngwén
bàozhǐ dōu kàn dé dǒng。
You are so awesome/skilled you can
even understand Chinese
newspapers.
4
4.11.1 Lesson 连 S 也/都 V lián S yě/ dōu V even S V 如果连你⾃⼰都不喜欢⾃⼰，⼜怎么
能让别⼈喜欢你呢？
rúguǒ lián nǐ zìjǐ dōu bù xǐhuan zìjǐ，
yòu zěnme néng ràng biéren xǐhuan
nǐ ne？
If even you don’t like yourself, how
can you let others like you?
4
4.11.2 Lesson 否则 fǒuzé if not, otherwise 他⼀定有重要的事找你，否则不会打
这么多次电话来。
tā yīdìng yǒu zhòngyào de shì zhǎo
nǐ， fǒuzé bùhuì dǎ zhème duōcì
diànhuà lái。
He must have something important
to see (lit. look for) you about,
otherwise he won't call so many
times.
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4.11.3 Lesson ⽆论/不管 Q 都 wúlùn/ bùguǎn Q
dōu
regardless of Q ⽆论/不管做什么事都要注意⽅法，
正确的⽅法可以让我们做得更好。
wúlùn/ bùguǎn zuò shénmeshì dōu
yào zhùyì fāngfǎ， zhèngquè de
fāngfǎ kěyǐ ràng wǒmen zuò dé
gèng hǎo。
Regardless of what you do, choose
the right [lit. pay attention to] your
methods. The right way can make
us do better.
4
4.11.4 Lesson 然⽽ rán'ér but 很多⼈觉得⾃⼰的⽣活是幸福的，
然⽽每个⼈对幸福的看法却不完全相
同。
hěn duō rén juéde zìjǐ de shēnghuó
shì xìngfú de， rán'ér měigerén duì
xìngfú de kànfǎ què bù wánquán
xiāngtóng。
Many people feel that their lives are
happy, but everyone's views on
happiness are not exactly the same.
4
4.11.5 Lesson 同时…… tóngshí…… at the same time, … 阅读能丰富你的知识，同时还会丰富
你的情感。
yuèdú néng fēngfù nǐ de zhīshi，
tóngshí hái huì fēngfù nǐ de
qínggǎn。
Reading can enrich your knowledge
and (at the same time) [it will]
enrich your aﬀects.
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4.11.5 Lesson ……的同时 …… de tóngshí at the same time
when…
在学习汉语的同时，我还了解了中国
的⽂化。
zài xuéxí Hànyǔ de tóngshí， wǒ hái
liǎojiě le Zhōngguó de wénhuà。
While learning Chinese (at the
same time), I also learned about
Chinese culture.
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4.12.1 Lesson 并/并且 V bìng/ bìngqiě V and V 他做事很认真，并且有丰富的经验，
让他负责很合适。
tā zuòshì hěn rènzhēn， bìngqiě yǒu
fēngfù de jīngyàn， ràng tā fùzé hěn
héshì。
He is very serious in his work and
has a wealth of experience, which
makes him very suitable to be
responsible [for this].
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4.12.2 Lesson 再……也...... zài…… yě...... no matter how…
still…
事情已经发⽣了，你再后悔也⽆法改
变，别伤⼼了。
shìqing yǐjīng fāshēng le， nǐ zài
hòuhuǐ yě wúfǎ gǎibiàn， bié
shāngxīn le。
Things have already happened, no
matter how you regret it you (still)
won’t be able to change it, don't be
sad.
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4.12.3 Lesson 对于 N duìyú N regarding N 对于这件事，我跟⼤家的看法不
同。
duìyú zhè jiàn shì， wǒ gēn dàjiā de
kànfǎ bùtóng。
My opinion on it (lit. regarding this
matter) is diﬀerent from everyone
else’s.
4
4.12.3 Lesson 关于 N guānyú N about N 关于这次调查计划，经理说有很多不
清楚的地⽅。
guānyú zhè cì diàochá jìhuà， jīnglǐ
shuō yǒu hěn duō bùqīngchu de
dìfang。
About the survey plan, the manager
said that there are many unclear
places.
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4.12.4 Lesson M + M + (N) + 都 M + M + (N) + dōu every N 件件⼩事都应该被看成是⼀次学习的
机会。
jiàn jiàn xiǎoshì dōu yīnggāi bèi
kànchéng shì yīcì xuéxí de jīhuì。
Each small thing should (all) be
seen as an opportunity to learn.
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4.12.5 Lesson 相反，…… xiāngfǎn，…… on the other hand, … 使⽤正确的⽅法就能“事半功倍”，相
反就会“事倍功半”。
shǐyòng zhèngquè de fāngfǎ jiù
néng“ shìbàngōngbèi”， xiāngfǎn
jiù huì“ shìbèigōngbàn”。
Using the right method will be able
to “do more with less”, but if we do
the opposite we will “do less with
more”.
4
4.12.5 Lesson 和/跟 N 相反 hé/ gēn N xiāngfǎn to be the opposite of
N
调查结果和他们想的⼏乎完全相反。 diàochájiéguǒ hé tāmen xiǎng de
jīhūwánquán xiāngfǎn。
The results of the survey are almost
completely the opposite of what
they thought.
4
4.13.1 Lesson ⼤概/也许 V/A dàgài/ yěxǔ V/A probably/perhaps V/
A
我想校⻓⼤概/也许会同意。 wǒ xiǎng xiàozhǎng dàgài/ yěxǔ huì
tóngyì。
I think the principal probably will
agree.
4
4.13.1 Lesson ⼤概的 N dàgài de N approximate N 请给我⼀个⼤概的数字。 qǐng gěi wǒ yī gè dàgài de shùzì。 Please give me an approximate
number.
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4.13.1 Lesson ⼤概 # dàgài # about # 他8岁就开始上台演出，到现在⼤概
唱了60多年了。
tā8 suì jiù kāishǐ shàngtái yǎnchū，
dàoxiànzài dàgài chàng le60 duō
nián le。
He started performing on stage at
the age of eight, and has been
singing for about over 60 years.
4
4.13.2 Lesson 偶尔 ǒu'ěr occasionally 我常常跟着电视学唱京剧，偶尔跟中
国⼈⼀起唱上⼏句。
wǒ chángcháng gēnzhe diànshì xué
chàng Jīngjù， ǒu'ěr gēn
Zhōngguórén yīqǐ chàng shàng jǐ
jù。
I often learn to sing Beijing opera
with [lit. by following] TV programs,
and occasionally sing a few lines
with Chinese people.
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4.13.3 Lesson 由 S V yóu S V V’ed by S 按照规定，这件事情应该由王⼤夫负
责。
ànzhào guīdìng， zhè jiàn shìqing
yīnggāi yóu wáng dàifu fùzé。
According to regulations, this matter
should be handled by Dr. Wang.
4
4.13.4 Lesson 进⾏ jìnxíng to proceed 10点30分会议继续进⾏。 10 diǎn30 fēn huìyì jìxù jìnxíng。 The meeting will continue to
proceed at half past 10.
4 4.13.4 Lesson 进⾏ O jìnxíng O to carry out O 进⾏观察 jìnxíng guānchá carry out an observation
4
4.13.5 Lesson 随着 N suízhe N with N (as N
happens)
随着社会的发展，京剧也在改变。 suízhe shèhuì de fāzhǎn， Jīngjù yě
zài gǎibiàn。
With the development of society,
Peking Opera is also changing.
4 4.14.1 Lesson 够 gòu suﬃcient 钱不够。 qián bùgòu。 The money is not enough.
4
4.14.1 Lesson V 够 (#) V gòu (#) V (and fulfill) # 睡觉时间太⻓并不好，⼀般睡够⼋⼩
时就可以了。
shuìjiào shíjiān tài cháng bìngbù
hǎo， yībān shuì gòu bā xiǎoshí jiù
kěyǐ le。
It’s not good if [your] sleeping time
is too long. Usually it’s enough just
to sleep for a good eight hours (lit.
sleep to fulfill 8 hours).
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4.14.1 Lesson 够 A gòu A (good) enough 不⽤装这些，箱⼦已经够重的了！ bùyòng zhuāng zhèxiē， xiāngzi
yǐjīng gòu zhòng de le！
No need to load these, the box is
already heavy enough!
4
4.14.2 Lesson 以 N yǐ N with N (speed,
standard)
经理您放⼼，我⼀定以最快的速度完
成。
jīnglǐ nín fàngxīn， wǒ yīdìng yǐ zuì
kuài de sùdù wánchéng。
Manager, you can rest assured that I
will finish at the fastest speed.
4 4.14.2 Lesson 以 N1 为 N2 yǐ N1 wéi N2 consider N1 as N2 我们应该以历史为镜⼦。 wǒmen yīnggāi yǐ lìshǐ wéi jìngzi。 We should use history as a mirror.
4
4.14.2 Lesson 以 yǐ in order to 她送来了⼀份礼物以表示感谢。 tā sòng lái le yī fèn lǐwù yǐ biǎoshì
gǎnxiè。
She sent a gift to express her
gratitude.
4
4.14.3 Lesson 既然 jìrán now that 你既然不愿意打球，为什么还要打？ nǐ jìrán bù yuànyì dǎqiú，
wèishénme hái yào dǎ？
Since you don't want to play, why
[bother] playing?
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4.14.4 Lesson 于是…… yúshì…… consequently… ⼩时候，他经常⽣病，于是每天都去
跑步锻炼身体。
xiǎoshíhou， tā jīngcháng
shēngbìng， yúshì měitiān dōu qù
pǎobù duànliàn shēntǐ。
When he was a child, he was often
ill, consequently he went to run and
exercise every day.
4
4.14.4 Lesson 因此…… yīncǐ…… therefore… ⼩时候，他经常⽣病，因此每天都去
跑步锻炼身体。
xiǎoshíhou， tā jīngcháng
shēngbìng， yīncǐ měitiān dōu qù
pǎobù duànliàn shēntǐ。
When he was a child, he was often
ill, [and] as a result he went to run
and exercise every day.
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4.14.5 Lesson 什么的 shénmede and stuﬀ like that 明天出去玩⼉，得买点⼉饼⼲、⾯包
什么的。
míngtiān chūqù wánr， dé mǎi diǎnr
bǐnggān、 miànbāo shénmede。
Go out to play tomorrow, you have
to buy some biscuits, bread or
things like that.
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4.15.1 Lesson V 起来 V qilai V up 你这样躺着看书对眼晴不好，快坐起
来！
nǐ zhèyàng tǎng zhe kànshū duìyǎn
qíng bùhǎo， kuài zuò qilai！
If you lie down and read a book, it is
not good for your eyes. Sit up quick!
4
4.15.1 Lesson 想起来 xiǎngqilai remember, call to
mind
现在我全都想起来了。 xiànzài wǒ quándōu xiǎngqilai le。 Now I recall (lit. think up)
everything.
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4.15.2 Lesson 弄 A O nòng A O cause O to be A 搬的时候要⼩⼼点⼉，别弄坏沙发
了。
bān de shíhou yào xiǎoxīn diǎnr，
bié nònghuài shāfā le。
Be careful when moving, don't
break the sofa.
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4.15.2 Lesson 弄得 O CLAUSE nòng dé O CLAUSE make O CLAUSE 每天因为这些⼩事批评她，弄得我俩
⼼情都不好。
měitiān yīnwèi zhèxiē xiǎoshì pīpíng
tā， nòng dé wǒ liǎ xīnqíng dōu
bùhǎo。
Every day I tell her oﬀ for these
small things, [which] makes the two
of us both in a bad mood.
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4.15.3 Lesson 千万不能/不要/别 V qiānwàn bùnéng/
bùyào/ bié V
make sure not to V 我要等她⽣⽇那天再送给她这个礼
物，你现在千万别告诉她。
wǒ yào děng tā shēngrì nàtiān zài
sònggěi tā zhège lǐwù， nǐ xiànzài
qiānwàn bié gàosu tā。
I have to give her this gift on her
birthday, make sure you don’t tell
her now.
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4.15.3 Lesson ⼀定要/得 V/A yīdìngyào/ dé V/A must V, must be A ⽐赛前⼀定要把动作练好。 bǐsài qián yīdìngyào bǎ dòngzuò
liàn hǎo。
You must practice your moves
before the game.
4
4.15.3 Lesson ⼀定(会) V/A yīdìng( huì) V/A definitely V/A 感谢您的⽀持和⿎励，我⼀定会继续
努⼒。
gǎnxiè nín de zhīchí hé gǔlì， wǒ
yīdìng huì jìxù nǔlì。
Thank you for your support and
encouragement, I will definitely
continue to work hard.
4
4.15.3 Lesson 不⼀定 bùyīdìng not necessarily 个⼦⾼不⼀定⼒⽓⼤。 gèzi gāo bùyīdìng lìqi dà。 If someone is tall he/she is not
necessarily strong.
4
4.15.3 Lesson ⼀定的 yīdìng de some, a certain 如果有⼀定的语⾔基础，那么出国学
习外语是最好的选择。
rúguǒ yǒu yīdìng de yǔyán jīchǔ，
nàme chūguó xuéxí wàiyǔ shì
zuìhǎo de xuǎnzé。
If you have a certain language
foundation, then studying a foreign
language abroad is the best choice.
4
4.15.4 Lesson 来 V lái V (verb prefix,
indicating the verb
hasn’t happened)
这个沙发这么⼤，我来帮你们⼀起
抬。
zhège shāfā zhème dà， wǒ lái
bāng nǐmen yīqǐ tái。
This sofa is so big, I will help you
carry it together.
4
4.15.4 Lesson 通过/⽤ N 来 V tōngguò/ yòng N lái
V
V through N 有的孩⼦会通过哭或者扔东⻄来引起
⽗⺟的注意。
yǒude háizi huì tōngguò kū huòzhě
rēng dōngxi lái yǐnqǐ fùmǔ de
zhùyì。
Some children will get their parents'
attention by crying or throwing
things.
4
4.15.5 Lesson # 左右 # zuǒyòu around # ⽹上买的那本书估计三天左右就能
到。
wǎngshàng mǎi de nà běn shū gūjì
sān tiān zuǒyòu jiù néng dào。
The book bought online is estimated
to be available in about three days.
4 4.16.1 Lesson 可 V/A 了 kě V/A le really A/V 今天天⽓可热了。 jīntiān tiānqì kě rè le。 The weather is really hot today.
4
4.16.1 Lesson 可 Q kě Q Q on earth? 下个星期就要去使馆办签证了，这可
怎么办？
xiàgèxīngqī jiùyào qù shǐguǎn bàn
qiānzhèng le， zhè kě zěnmebàn？
I am going to the embassy to apply
for a visa next week, what on earth
am I supposed to do?
4
4.16.1 Lesson 可 V kě V indeed 这可是个⼤问题，我也不太清楚。 zhè kěshì gè dà wèntí， wǒ yě bù
tài qīngchu。
Now this (this indeed) is a big
question, and I am not too sure
about it.
4
4.16.2 Lesson 怕/害怕 pà/ hàipà to be afraid 我的⼯作经验还⽐较少，那份⼯作我
怕/害怕完成不了。
wǒ de gōngzuò jīngyàn hái bǐjiào
shǎo， nà fèn gōngzuò wǒ pà/
hàipà wánchéng bùliǎo。
My work experience is still relatively
small, I am afraid the job cannot be
completed.
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4.16.2 Lesson 恐怕…… kǒngpà…… I guess I’m afraid… 听完我的回答，恐怕你已经知道我的
答案了吧。
tīng wán wǒ de huídá， kǒngpà nǐ
yǐjīng zhīdào wǒ de dá'àn le ba。
After listening to my response, I
guess I’m afraid you already know
the answer.
4
4.16.2 Lesson 怕/恐怕 V pà/ kǒngpà V probably I’m afraid 他离开这⾥怕/恐怕有⼆⼗天了。 tā líkāi zhèlǐ pà/ kǒngpà yǒu èrshí
tiān le。
He left here for probably 20 days
(I’m afraid).
4
4.16.3 Lesson 到底 dàodǐ to the end 今天我⼀定陪你逛街逛到底，保证让
你买到合适的⾐服。
jīntiān wǒ yīdìng péi nǐ guàngjiē
guàng dàodǐ， bǎozhèng ràng nǐ
mǎi dào héshì de yīfu。
Today I will go shopping with you to
the end. [I can] guarantee that you
will buy the right clothes.
4
4.16.3 Lesson 到底 Q dàodǐ Q in the world 到底你怎么打算的呀？ dàodǐ nǐ zěnme dǎsuàn de ya？ What in the world are you
planning?
4
4.16.4 Lesson 拿……来说 ná…… láishuō take… for example 拿我来说，我已经学了⼗年汉语了。 ná wǒ láishuō， wǒ yǐjīng xué le shí
nián Hànyǔ le。
Take me, for example, I’ve been
learning Chinese for 10 years.
4
4.16.5 Lesson 敢 V gǎn V to dare to V 谁也不敢说他的坏话。 shéi yě bù gǎn shuō tā de
huàihuà。
No one dares to say bad things
about her.
4 4.17.1 Lesson 倒 dǎo to pour 我给你倒杯⽔吧。 wǒ gěi nǐ dǎo bēi shuǐ ba。 I will pour you a glass of water.
4
4.17.1 Lesson 倒 dǎo to reverse “我爱你”，倒过来就是“你爱我”。 “ wǒ ài nǐ”， dǎo guòlái jiùshì“ nǐ ài
wǒ”。
“I love you” said in reverse is “you
love me.”
4
4.17.1 Lesson S 倒 V S dǎo V although S V 你说得倒是容易，做起来可就难了！ nǐ shuō dé dàoshi róngyì， zuò qilai
kějiù nán le！
Although you say [it as if] it is easy,
it’s hard to do it!
4 4.17.2 Lesson ⼲ (gān) gàn (gān) dry 把头发擦⼲。 bǎ tóufa cāgān。 Wipe your hair dry.
4 4.17.2 Lesson ⼲ (gàn) gàn (gàn) to do 你在⼲什么呢？ nǐ zài gànshénme ne？ What are you doing?
4
4.17.3 Lesson # 趟 # tàng # times (of trips) 回来的路上我顺便去了趟银⾏。 huílai de lùshang wǒ shùnbiàn qù le
tàng yínháng。
On the way back, I made a visit to
the bank along the way.
4
4.17.3 Lesson # 次 # cì No. # (bus/train
route)
502次公交⻋很快就要到了。 502 cì gōngjiāochē hěn kuài jiùyào
dàoliǎo。
Bus No. 502 are coming soon.
4
4.17.4 Lesson 为了 V1 ⽽ V2 wèile V1 ér V2 V2 in order to V1 不少动物为了保护⾃⼰⽽改变身体的
颜⾊。
bùshǎo dòngwù wèile bǎohù zìjǐ ér
gǎibiàn shēntǐ de yánsè。
Many animals change the color of
their body in order to protect
themselves.
4
4.17.4 Lesson 为了 N ⽽ V wèile N ér V V for N 植物会为了阳光、空⽓和⽔⽽竞争。 zhíwù huì wèile yángguāng、
kōngqì hé shuǐ ér jìngzhēng。
Plants compete for sunlight, air, and
water.
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4.17.5 Lesson 仍然 V/A réngrán V/A still V/A 就算在⼏公⾥深的海底也仍然能看到
东⻄。
jiùsuàn zài jǐ gōnglǐ shēn de hǎidǐ yě
réngrán néng kàn dào dōngxi。
Even at a few kilometers deep on
the sea floor, you can still see
things.
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4.18.1 Lesson 是否 shìfǒu if, whether 不过她这么⼩，这本书我不知道她是
否能读懂。
bùguò tā zhème xiǎo， zhè běn shū
wǒ bù zhīdào tā shìfǒu néng
dúdǒng。
But she is so young, I don't know if
she can read this book.
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4.18.2 Lesson 受不了 shòubùliǎo tolerate 我真的受不了你了，你到底还要逛多
久？
wǒ zhēn de shòubùliǎo nǐ le， nǐ
dàodǐ hái yào guàng duōjiǔ？
I really can't tolerate you, how long
do you have to keep shopping?
4
4.18.3 Lesson 接着 V jiēzhe V continue to V 你看完这本书以后先不要还，我接着
看。
nǐ kàn wán zhè běn shū yǐhòu xiān
bùyào hái， wǒ jiēzhe kàn。
Don't pay back after reading this
book, I will continue to watch.
4
4.18.3 Lesson 接着 jiēzhe then 他毕业后在⽼家⼯作了⼀年，接着⼜
考上了北京⼤学，读研究⽣。
tā bìyè hòu zài lǎojiā gōngzuò le yī
nián， jiēzhe yòu kǎoshàng le
Běijīng Dàxué， dú yánjiūshēng。
After graduating, he worked in his
hometown for a year. And then he
was admitted to Peking University
to study for graduate students.
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4.18.4 Lesson 除此以外 chú cǐ yǐwài other than that 他和弟弟同⼀天出⽣，兄弟俩⻓得很
像，但除此以外⼏乎再找不到其他共
同点。
tā hé dìdi tóngyī tiān chūshēng，
xiōngdì liǎ zhǎngde hěn xiàng， dàn
chú cǐ yǐwài jīhū zài zhǎobudào qítā
gòngtóngdiǎn。
He and his brother were born on the
same day. The two brothers look
very much alike, but other than that
they can hardly find other things in
common.
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4.18.5 Lesson 把 N1 叫作 N2 bǎ N1 jiàozuò N2 call N1 N2 中国⼈把⻩河叫作“⺟亲河” 。 Zhōngguórén bǎ Huáng Hé jiàozuò“
mǔqīn hé” 。
The Chinese call the Yellow River
"Mother River."
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4.19.1 Lesson (⽆论/不管) Q 都 ( wúlùn/ bùguǎn) Q
dōu
no matter Q 没关系，不⽤道歉，(⽆论/不管) 谁都
有粗⼼填错的时候。
méiguānxi， bùyòng dàoqiàn，
( wúlùn/ bùguǎn) shéi dōu yǒu cūxīn
tián cuò de shíhou。
It doesn't matter, don't apologize,
anyone (lit. no matter who) can
make a mistake.
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4.19.2 Lesson V 上 V shàng get to V 看来今天吃不上⽺⾁饺⼦了。 kànlai jīntiān chībushàng yángròu
jiǎozi le。
It seems that I don’t get to eat lamb
dumplings today.
4
4.19.3 Lesson V 出来 V chūlái V out (an outcome is
produced)
有⼏个选择题，实在想不出来该选哪
个，只好随便选⼀个。
yǒu jǐge xuǎnzétí， shízài xiǎng bù
chūlái gāi xuǎn nǎge， zhǐhǎo
suíbiàn xuǎn yī gè。
There were a few multiple-choice
questions. I really couldn’t think of
(lit. think out) which [answer] one to
choose, [so I could only] choose one
at random.
4
4.19.4 Lesson 总的来说 zǒngdeláishuō overall 这个公司总的来说还不错。 zhège gōngsī zǒngdeláishuō hái
bùcuò。
Overall, this company is good.
4
4.19.5 Lesson 在于 zàiyú is all about ⼈们常说“⽣命在于运动”。 rénmen cháng shuō“
shēngmìngzàiyúyùndòng”。
People often say that "life is all
about moving/exercising.”
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4.20.1 Lesson V1 着 V1 着 V2了 V1 zhe V1 zhe V2 le V2’ed while V1-ing 她讲着讲着就笑了。 tā jiǎng zhe jiǎng zhe jiù xiào le。 As she was speaking, she started
to laugh.
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4.20.2 Lesson ⼀……就…… yī…… jiù…… as soon as … then
…
她⼀回家就看电视。 tā yī huíjiā jiù kàn diànshì。 As soon as she gets home, (then)
she watches TV.
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4.20.2 Lesson ⼀……就…… yī…… jiù…… 每次只要⼉⼦⼩时候⼀说话就脸红。 érzi xiǎoshíhou yī shuōhuà jiù
liǎnhóng。
When [my] son was a child, as soon
as he speaks, (then) he blushes.
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4.20.3 Lesson 究竟 Q jiūjìng Q Q exactly 究竟哪个季节去旅游⽐较好呢？ jiūjìng nǎge jìjié qù lǚyóu bǐjiào hǎo
ne？
Which season exactly is better to
travel?
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4.20.4 Lesson V 起(来) V qǐ( lái) V up 你先把桌⼦上的东⻄拿起(来)，我擦
完之后你再放下来。
nǐ xiān bǎ zhuōzi shàng de dōngxi
náqǐ( lái)， wǒ cā wán zhīhòu nǐ zài
fàng xiàlai。
You pick up the things on the table
first, and then you [can] put them
down after I clean it.
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4.20.4 Lesson V 起来 V qilai seems like, sounds
like
上海话听起来就像外语⼀样。 Shànghǎihuà tīngqilai jiù xiàng
wàiyǔ yīyàng。
The Shanghai dialect sounds like a
foreign language.
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4.20.5 Lesson 说起 O shuōqǐ O speaking of O 说起吃的东⻄，给我印象最深的是湖
南菜。
shuōqǐ chī de dōngxi， gěi wǒ
yìnxiàng zuì shēn de shì Húnán
cài。
Speaking of food, the one that
impressed me the most is Hunan
cuisine.
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5.01.1 Lesson 如何 rúhé how 评委叫第⼀对夫妻说说他俩是如何恩
爱的。
píngwěi jiào dìyī duì fūqī shuōshuo
tā liǎ shì rúhé ēn'ài de。
The judge called the first couple to
talk about how they loved each
other.
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5.01.1 Lesson 如何 rúhé how is “80后”们⽉收⼊情况如何？ “80 hòu” men yuèshōurù qíngkuàng
rúhé？
How is the monthly income situation
with those born in the 80s?
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5.01.1 Lesson 怎么，…… zěnme，…… (expression of
surprise)
怎么，你不认识我了？！ zěnme， nǐ bù rènshi wǒ le？！ What, you don't know me
anymore?!
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5.01.2 Lesson 靠 kào to lean 王⽼师喜欢靠着桌⼦讲课。 wáng lǎoshī xǐhuan kào zhe zhuōzi
jiǎngkè。
Teacher Wang likes to give her
lecture while leaning on the table.
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5.01.2 Lesson 靠 kào beside 我的座位是17号，是靠窗的座位。 wǒ de zuòwèi shì17 hào， shì
kàochuāng de zuòwèi。
My seat is No. 17, which is (a seat)
by the window.
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5.01.2 Lesson 靠 kào to depend 在家靠⽗⺟，出⻔靠朋友。 zài jiā kào fùmǔ， chūmén kào
péngyou。
At home [you] relies on [your]
parents, [when you] go out [you] rely
on [your] friends.
5
5.01.3 Lesson 居然 jūrán (See 竟然) 这么简单的题，你居然也不会做？ zhème jiǎndān de tí， nǐ jūrán yě
bùhuì zuò？
[For] such a simple question,
[you’re telling me that] you don’t
know how to do it?
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5.02.1 Lesson 以来 yǐlái since 改⾰开放以来，中国发⽣了巨⼤的变
化。
gǎigékāifàng yǐlái， Zhōngguó
fāshēng le jùdà de biànhuà。
Since the reform and opening up,
China has undergone tremendous
changes.
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5.02.2 Lesson 临 lín adjacent to 我想买⼀套不临街的房⼦，这样不会
太吵。
wǒ xiǎng mǎi yītào bù línjiē de
fángzi， zhèyàng bùhuì tài chǎo。
I want to buy a house that is not
adjacent to a street, so it won't be
too noisy.
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5.02.2 Lesson 临 lín just before 临⾛那天，⽗亲从⽼家赶来送我们。 línzǒu nàtiān， fùqīn cóng lǎojiā
gǎnlái sòng wǒmen。
On the day (just before) he left, my
father came to us from my
hometown.
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5.02.3 Lesson ⽴刻 lìkè immediately 我们回来时，⽴刻感受到了家的温
暖。
wǒmen huílai shí， lìkè gǎnshòu
dàoliǎo jiāde wēnnuǎn。
When we came back, we
immediately felt the warmth of
home.
5
5.03.1 Lesson 包括 bāokuò to include 汉语技能教学包括听、说、读、写四
个⽅⾯。
Hànyǔ jìnéng jiàoxué bāokuò tīng、
shuō、 dú、 xiě sì gè fāngmiàn。
Chinese language skills teaching
includes listening, speaking,
reading and writing.
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5.03.2 Lesson 各⾃ gèzì each by themselves 中场休息时间到了，⽐赛双⽅队员各
⾃回场外休息。
zhōngchǎng xiūxi shíjiān dàoliǎo，
bǐsài shuāngfāng duìyuán gèzì huí
chǎng wài xiūxi。
The intermission time has arrived,
and the players on both sides of the
game (each by themselves) went
back out of the court to rest.
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5.03.3 Lesson 勿 wù do not ⾮⼯作⼈员，请勿⼊内。 fēi gōngzuòrényuán， qǐng wù rù
nèi。
If you’re not a staﬀ member, please
do not enter.
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5.03.4 Lesson 时刻 shíkè moment 在最后时刻，他为本队踢进了关键⼀
球。
zài zuìhòu shíkè， tā wéi běn duì tī
jìn le guānjiàn yī qiú。
At the last moment, he scored the
key goal for the team.
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5.03.4 Lesson 时刻，时时刻刻 shíkè， shíshíkèkè at all times ⼯作中，他时时刻刻提醒⾃已：乘
客的安全是最重要的。
gōngzuò zhōng， tā shíshíkèkè
tíxǐng zì yǐ： chéngkè de ānquán shì
zuì zhòngyào de。
At work, he reminds himself at all
times: The safety of passengers is
the most important.
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5.04.1 Lesson ⾄今 zhìjīn to this day 我在北京出⽣、⻓⼤，⾄今还没离开
过呢。
wǒ zài Běijīng chūshēng、
zhǎngdà， zhìjīn hái méi líkāi guò
ne。
I was born and raised in Beijing and
have never left to this day.
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5.04.2 Lesson 顶 dǐng (measure word for
hats)
我这顶新帽⼦怎么样？ wǒ zhè dǐng xīn màozi
zěnmeyàng？
How [what do you think of] this new
hat of mine?
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5.04.2 Lesson 顶 dǐng the top of 请把⼿举过头顶。 qǐng bǎshǒu jǔ guòtóu dǐng。 Please raise your hand over (the top
of) your head.
5
5.04.2 Lesson 顶 dǐng to lift 他能⽤头顶起20⽄重的东⻄。 tā néng yòng tóudǐng qǐ20 jīn zhòng
de dōngxi。
He can use his head to lift 20
pounds.
5
5.04.2 Lesson 顶着 dǐng zhe against 天⽓⾮常寒冷，⼦路顶着⼤雪往前
⾛。
tiānqì fēicháng hánlěng， Zǐ Lù dǐng
zhe Dàxuě wǎngqián zǒu。
The weather is very cold, and Zilu
was trudging ahead against heavy
snow.
5
5.04.3 Lesson ……得很/得不⾏/得
不得了
…… dehěn/ dé
bùxíng/ dé bùdéliǎo
very/so/extremely 这个地⽅这么热闹，孩⼦们⾼兴得
很/得不⾏/得不得了。
zhège dìfang zhème rènao，
háizimen gāoxìng dehěn/ dé bùxíng/
dé bùdéliǎo。
The place is so lively, the children
are very/so/extremely happy.
5
5.04.4 Lesson 反⽽ fǎn'ér actually (opposite to
what one expects)
⼤城市的⽣活虽然很精彩，但⼀辈⼦
⽣活在农村的⽗⺟反⽽会不适应。
dàchéngshì de shēnghuó suīrán hěn
jīngcǎi， dàn yībèizi shēnghuó zài
nóngcūn de fùmǔ fǎn'ér huìbùhuì
shìyìng。
Although the life in a big city is very
exciting, [my] parents who have
lived in rural areas for a lifetime will
actually (opposite to what one
expects) find themselves ill-
adapted.
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5.05.1 Lesson 从⽽ cóng'ér consequently ⽐赛前做好思想准备可以减少运动员
的压⼒，从⽽取得⽐赛的成功。
bǐsài qián zuò hǎo sīxiǎng zhǔnbèi
kěyǐ jiǎnshǎo yùndòngyuán de
yālì， cóng'ér qǔdé bǐsài de
chénggōng。
Preparing mentally before the game
can reduce the stress on the
athletes [and] consequently
achieve the success of the game.
5
5.05.2 Lesson V 于 N V yú N V in N 这家公司成⽴于1997年。 zhè jiā gōngsī chénglì yú1997
nián。
This company was founded in 1997.
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5.05.2 Lesson V 于 N V yú N V to N 李明没办法，只好求助于当经理的⽼
同学王峰。
lǐ míng méibànfǎ， zhǐhǎo qiúzhù
yú dāng jīnglǐ de lǎo tóngxué wáng
fēng。
Li Ming had no choice but to turn to
Wang Feng (for help), the old
classmate of the manager.
5 5.05.2 Lesson V 于 N V yú N V from N 他出身于知识分⼦家庭。 tā chūshēn yú zhīshifènzǐ jiātíng。 He came from an intellectual family.
5 5.05.2 Lesson A 于 N A yú N A to N 运动有助于健康。 yùndòng yǒuzhùyú jiànkāng。 Exercise is beneficial to health.
5
5.05.2 Lesson A 于 N A yú N A from/than N ⽔⽣动物不同于陆地动物。 shuǐshēng dòngwù bùtóng yú lùdì
dòngwù。
Aquatic creatures are
diﬀerent from terrestrial ones.
5
5.05.3 Lesson V 为 (wéi) N V wéi (wéi) N V into N 压⼒也可以变为动⼒。 yālì yě kěyǐ biànwéi dònglì。 Stress can also be turned into
strength.
5
5.05.3 Lesson V 为 (wéi) N V wéi (wéi) N V as N 在他看来，没有⼯作的⽣活就不能称
其为⽣活。
zài tā kànlai， méiyǒu gōngzuò de
shēnghuó jiù bùnéng chēng qí wéi
shēnghuó。
In his view, life without work cannot
be called (as) life.
5
5.05.4 Lesson V 起来 V qilai V up 地下⽔积蓄起来，越积越多。 dìxiàshuǐ jīxù qilai， yuè jī yuè
duō。
The groundwater is store (up) and
accumulates.
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5.05.4 Lesson 藏起来/躲起来 cáng qilai/ duǒ qilai V away 刘丽知道⾃⼰做得不对，躲起来不敢
⻅我。
Liú lì zhīdào zìjǐ zuò dé bùduì， duǒ
qilai bù gǎn jiàn wǒ。
Liu Li knows that she is doing
something wrong, and she hides
[herself] away and does not dare to
see me.
5
5.06.1 Lesson 替 tì to replace ⻅了外公，请替我向他问好。 jiàn le wàigōng， qǐng tì wǒ xiàng tā
wènhǎo。
When you see my grandfather,
please say hello to him (on my
behalf).
5
5.06.1 Lesson 替 tì on behalf of 李阳要去留学了，我们都替他⾼兴。 lǐ yáng yào qù liúxué le， wǒmen
dōu tì tā gāoxìng。
Li Yang is going to study abroad,
and we are all happy for him.
5
5.06.2 Lesson 说不定 shuōbudìng uncertain 这事⼉经理已经同意了，只是出发的
时间还说不定。
zhè shìr jīnglǐ yǐjīng tóngyì le，
zhǐshì chūfā de shíjiān hái
shuōbudìng。
The manager has already agreed,
but the time of departure is still
uncertain.
5
5.06.2 Lesson 说不定 shuōbudìng maybe 别随随便便就说放弃，说不定下次就
成功了。
bié suí suíbiàn biàn jiù shuō
fàngqì， shuōbudìng xiàcì jiù
chénggōng le。
Don't just give up so easily, maybe
you will succeed next time.
5
5.06.3 Lesson N 似的 N shìde like N 我不敢相信这是真的，好像做梦似
的。
wǒ bù gǎn xiāngxìn zhè shì zhēn
de， hǎoxiàng zuòmèng shìde。
I can't believe this is true, it seems
like a dream.
5
5.06.3 Lesson A 得什么似的 A dé shénme shìde so A (to an extreme) 他背着重重的电脑包挤地铁，下班回
到家累得什么似的。
tā bèi zhuózhòng zhòng de diànnǎo
bāo jǐ dìtiě， xiàbān huídào jiā lèi dé
shénme shìde。
He squeezed into the [crowded]
subway with [his] heavy computer
bag, and he was so tired when he
got home from work.
5
5.06.4 Lesson 纷纷 V fēnfēn V V in
quick succession
要下⾬了，路上的⼈纷纷往家⾥
跑。
yào xiàyǔ le， lùshang de rén fēnfēn
wǎng jiālǐ pǎo。
It’s going to rain, and people on the
road are running home (one after
another in quick succession).
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5.07.1 Lesson 瞎 xiā blind ⼀天，他让⼠兵们去找⼀头⼤象和
⼀些出⽣时眼晴就瞎了的⼈回来。
yī tiān， tā ràng shìbīng men qù
zhǎo yītóu dàxiàng hé yīxiē
chūshēng shí yǎn qíng jiù xiā le de
rén huílai。
One day, he asked the soldiers to
find an elephant and some people
who were blind when they were
born.
5
5.07.1 Lesson 瞎 xiā thoughtlessly 他会想办法的，你就别替他瞎担⼼
了。
tā huì xiǎng bànfǎ de， nǐ jiù bié tì
tā xiā dānxīn le。
He will find a way, you don't
(thoughtlessly) worry about him.
5
5.07.2 Lesson 分别 fēnbié to separate 分别是暂时的，我们以后⼀定会再
⻅。
fēnbié shì zànshí de， wǒmen yǐhòu
yīdìng huì zàijiàn。
The separation is temporary. We
will definitely see each other again in
the future.
5
5.07.2 Lesson 分别 fēnbié diﬀerence 我不知道这两种做法有什么分别。 wǒ bù zhīdào zhè liǎng zhǒng zuòfǎ
yǒu shénme fēnbié。
I don't know the diﬀerence
between the two approaches.
5
5.07.2 Lesson 分别 fēnbié separately 我分别找两个⼈打听了这件事，他们
的说法都是⼀样的。
wǒ fēnbié zhǎo liǎng gèrén dǎting le
zhè jiàn shì， tāmen de shuōfa dōu
shì yīyàng de。
I asked two people (separately) to
ask about this, and they all said the
same thing.
5
5.07.2 Lesson 分别 fēnbié respectively 砂岩和砾岩分别是砂和砾⽯固结的产
物。
shāyán hé lìyán fēnbié shì shā hé
lìshí gù jié de chǎnwù。
Sandstone and conglomerate are
the consolidated equivalent of sand
and gravel, respectively.
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5.07.3 Lesson 根 gēn (measure word) 摸到尾巴的盲⼈说⼤象像⼀根绳⼦。 mō dào wěiba de mángrén shuō
dàxiàng xiàng yī gēn shéngzi。
The blind man who touched the tail
said that the elephant is like a rope.
5
5.07.3 Lesson 根 gēn root 这棵树的根⼜粗⼜⻓。 zhè kē shù de gēn yòu cū yòu
cháng。
The root of this tree is thick and
long.
5
5.07.4 Lesson 便 biàn then 楼上新买了⼀架钢琴，我们家便多了
⼀些不安静。
lóushàng xīn mǎi le yī jià gāngqín，
wǒmen jiā biàn duō le yīxiē bù
ānjìng。
A new piano was bought upstairs,
and then there were more noise (lit.
unquiet) [heard] in our home.
5
5.08.1 Lesson 倒/反倒 dǎo/ fǎndào contrary to logic 少年不解地问：“怎么勇敢反倒成为
缺点了？”
shàonián bùjiě dì wèn：“ zěnme
yǒnggǎn fǎndào chéngwéi quēdiǎn
le？”
Puzzled, the teenager asked: "How
is it that bravery is a fault now
(which is contrary to logic)?”
5
5.08.1 Lesson 倒 dǎo despite all 质量倒是挺好，就是价格太贵了。 zhìliàng dàoshi tǐnghǎo， jiùshì jiàgé
tài guì le。
(Despite all) the quality is (actually)
pretty good, it’s just that the price is
too expensive.
5
5.08.1 Lesson 倒 dǎo for crying out loud 你倒是说说看，这件事你不负责谁负
责？
nǐ dàoshi shuōshuo kàn， zhè jiàn
shì nǐ bù fùzé shéi fùzé？
Now you tell us, for crying out
loud, if you’re not responsible for
this, then who is?
5
5.08.2 Lesson V 来 V 去 V lái V qù V around ⼩狗追着⾃⼰的尾巴，在草地上跑
来跑去。
xiǎogǒu zhuī zhe zìjǐ de wěiba， zài
cǎo dìshang pǎo lái pǎo qù。
The dog chased his tail and ran
around on the grass.
5
5.08.3 Lesson 要不/不然/要不然 yàobù/ bùrán/
yàobùrán
otherwise 还好碰⻅你了，要不/不然/要不然我
今天肯定要迟到了。
háihǎo pèngjiàn nǐ le， yàobù/
bùrán/ yàobùrán wǒ jīntiān kěndìng
yào chí dàoliǎo。
Fortunately, I ran into you,
otherwise I must have been late
today.
5
5.08.3 Lesson 要不/不然/要不然 yàobù/ bùrán/
yàobùrán
why not try 今天太晚了，要不/不然/要不然你明
天再⾛吧。
jīntiān tài wǎn le， yàobù/ bùrán/
yàobùrán nǐ míngtiān zài zǒu ba。
It’s too late today, why don’t (you)
leave tomorrow instead?
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5.08.4 Lesson 彼此 V bǐcǐ V each other 好朋友应该彼此帮助。 hǎopéngyou yīnggāi bǐcǐ bāngzhù。 Good friends should help each
other.
5
5.08.4 Lesson 彼此 bǐcǐ (pronoun for 2
people)
我们彼此的爱好相同。 wǒmen bǐcǐ de àihào xiāngtóng。 We (us two) have the same
hobbies.
5
5.08.4 Lesson 彼此彼此 bǐcǐbǐcǐ about the same 咱们俩彼此彼此，我画得⽐你好不
了多少。
zánmen liǎ bǐcǐbǐcǐ， wǒ huà dé bǐ
nǐhǎo bùliǎo duōshao。
We (the two of us) are pretty much
the same, I can't paint much better
than you.
5
5.09.1 Lesson 算 suàn counts as 这钱就算我借给你的，将来你有了的
时候再还我。
zhè qián jiùsuàn wǒ jiègěi nǐ de，
jiānglái nǐ yǒule de shíhou zài hái
wǒ。
Let’s just say that the money is
loaned to you, you can pay me back
when you have [more money].
5
5.09.1 Lesson V 了/掉算了 V le/ diào suànle might as well V 不就是⼀个空瓶⼦吗？扔掉算了。 bù jiùshì yī gè kōng píngzi ma？
rēngdiào suànle。
Isn't it just an empty bottle? Might
as well throw it away.
5
5.09.2 Lesson 作为 N zuòwéi N as N 作为⼤作家、⼤学问家，鲁迅对吃很
讲究。
zuòwéi dà zuòjiā、 dàxué wèn jiā，
Lǔ Xùn duì chī hěn jiǎngjiu。
As a great writer and a great
intellectual, Lu Xun is very particular
about eating.
5
5.09.3 Lesson 曾经 céngjīng once 孔⼦曾经带着学⽣周游各国14年，传
播他的思想。
Kǒngzǐ céngjīng dài zhe xuésheng
zhōuyóu gèguó14 nián， chuánbō
tā de sīxiǎng。
Confucius once took students
around the country for 14 years,
spreading his thoughts.
5
5.10.1 Lesson 毕竟 bìjìng after all 虽然我们遇到了很多困难，但毕竟完
成了任务。
suīrán wǒmen yù dàoliǎo hěn duō
kùnnan， dàn bìjìng wánchéng le
rènwu。
Although we have encountered a lot
of diﬃculties, we have completed
the task after all.
5
5.10.2 Lesson 逐渐 zhújiàn gradually ⻝物越来越少，⽼⼈不得不逐渐限制
猴⼦的⻝量。
shíwù yuèláiyuè shǎo， lǎorén
bùdébù zhújiàn xiànzhì hóuzi de
shíliàng。
With less and less food, the elderly
have to gradually limit the amount
of food they eat.
5
5.10.3 Lesson 或许 huòxǔ maybe 虽然以前她不⽀持你，但或许这次会
有变化。
suīrán yǐqián tā bù zhīchí nǐ， dàn
huòxǔ zhè cì huì yǒu biànhuà。
Although she did not support you
before, maybe this time things will
change.
5
5.11.1 Lesson V 过来 V guòlái V and recover 过了半天，脑⼦才清醒过来。 guò le bàntiān， nǎozi cái qīngxǐng
guòlái。
My head cleared up only after a
long time,
5
5.11.1 Lesson V 得过来 / V 不过来 V dé guòlái / V
bùguò lái
can finish V / cannot
finish V
天上的星星那么多，谁数得过来呀？ tiānshàng de xīngxing nàme duō，
shéi shǔ dé guòlái ya？
There are so many stars in the sky,
who can count them (out)?
5
5.11.2 Lesson 所 suǒ (measure word for
institutions)
他来⾃北京的⼀所⼤学。 tā láizì Běijīng de yī suǒ dàxué。 He is from a university in Beijing.
5
5.11.2 Lesson S + (所) + V + 的 S + ( suǒ) + V + de what S V ⼭⽔画(所)表现的是⼈与⾃然的关
系。
shānshuǐhuà( suǒ) biǎoxiàn de shì
rén yǔ zìrán de guānxi。
What the landscape painting shows
is the relationship between man and
nature.
5
5.11.2 Lesson 有所 V yǒusuǒ V has/have V’ed 随着年龄的增⼤，⼥性的职场幸福感
有所提⾼。
suízhe niánlíng de zēngdà， nǚxìng
de zhíchǎng xìngfú gǎn yǒusuǒ
tígāo。
As [their] age increases, women’s
happiness at work has increased.
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5.11.2 Lesson ⽆所 V wú suǒ V have nothing to V 你要是坚持真理就可以⽆所畏惧。 nǐ yàoshi jiānchí zhēnlǐ jiù kěyǐ wú
suǒ wèijù。
If you stick to the truth, you've
nothing to fear.
5
5.11.3 Lesson 与 N 相当 yǔ N xiāngdāng equivalent to N 开⻋打电话的⼈的反应速度与醉酒者
相当。
kāichē dǎdiànhuà de rén de fǎnyìng
sùdù yǔ zuìjiǔ zhě xiāngdāng。
The reaction speed of the person
who calls while driving is equivalent
to a drunk.
5
5.11.3 Lesson 相当于 N xiāngdāngyú N equivalent to N 这种⻦⼀天所⻝的害⾍相当于⾃⼰的
体重。
zhèzhǒng niǎo yī tiān suǒ shí de
hàichóng xiāngdāngyú zìjǐ de
tǐzhòng。
The pests that this bird eats a day
are equivalent to its own weight.
5
5.11.3 Lesson 相当 xiāngdāng quite 菜的味道好极了，服务也周到，我相
当满意。
cài de wèidao hǎo jíle， fúwù yě
zhōudào， wǒ xiāngdāng mǎnyì。
The dish is very delicious, the
service is also thoughtful, I am quite
satisfied.
5
5.11.3 Lesson 相当 xiāngdāng considerable 相当⼀部分⼈会以收⼊多少作为幸福
的标准。
xiāngdāng yībùfèn rén huì yǐ shōurù
duōshao zuòwéi xìngfú de
biāozhǔn。
A considerable number of people
will regard their income as a
standard of happiness.
5
5.11.4 Lesson 数 (shǔ) shǔ (shǔ) to count 我⼤概数了⼀下，⻋上有32个学⽣。 wǒ dàgài shǔ le yīxià， chē shàng
yǒu32 gè xuésheng。
I roughly counted it, there are 32
students in the vehicle.
5
5.11.4 Lesson 数 (shǔ) shǔ (shǔ) to be reckoned as 要说我们班跑得最快的，那就数李阳
了。
yàoshuō wǒmen bān pǎo dé zuì
kuài de， nà jiù shǔ lǐ yáng le。
If we were to discuss who our class
runs the fastest, then it’s no other
than Li Yang.
5
5.11.4 Lesson 数 (shù) shǔ (shù) several 这⾥夏季的雷阵⾬⼀般可持续数⼩时
或者更久的时间。
zhèlǐ xiàjì de léizhènyǔ yībān
kěchíxù shùxiǎoshí huòzhě gèng jiǔ
de shíjiān。
The thunderstorms in summer here
generally last for several hours or
longer.
5
5.12.1 Lesson 以及 yǐjí and 学校的领导、教师以及⼀些学⽣代表
观看了演出。
xuéxiào de lǐngdǎo、 jiàoshī yǐjí
yīxiē xuésheng dàibiǎo guānkàn le
yǎnchū。
School leaders, teachers, and some
student representatives watched the
show.
5
5.12.2 Lesson 程度 chéngdù degree 问题已经发展到了⼗分严重的程度。 wèntí yǐjīng fāzhǎn dàoliǎo shífēn
yánzhòng de chéngdù。
The problem has grown to a very
serious degree.
5
5.13.1 Lesson (更)何况 ( gèng) hékuàng let alone 连运动员都不满意，更何况看⽐赛的
球迷呢？
lián yùndòngyuán dōu bùmǎnyì，
gèng hékuàng kàn bǐsài de qiúmí
ne？
Even the athletes are not satisfied,
let alone the fans watching the
game?
5
5.13.2 Lesson 何必 hébì What for? Why do
you have to…?
你何必亲⾃送⼀趟呢？叫个快递不就
⾏了？
nǐ hébì qīnzì sòng yī tàng ne？ jiào
gè kuàidì bù jiù xíng le？
Why do you have to deliver it
yourself? Calling a courier is not
enough?
5
5.13.3 Lesson 多亏 duōkuī thanks to 多亏了他这句话，⼈们如梦初醒。 duōkuī le tā zhè jù huà， rénmen rú
mèng chū xǐng。
Thanks to his words, people wake
up like a dream.
5
5.14.1 Lesson 所谓 suǒwèi so-called 他所谓的“新闻”，其实我们早就知道
了！
tā suǒwèi de“ xīnwén”， qíshí
wǒmen zǎojiù zhīdàole！
His so-called "news", in fact, we
already know!
5
5.14.2 Lesson N 则 V/A N zé V/A whereas N V 他⾼中毕业以后出国留学了，⽽我则
⼀直留在国内。
tā gāozhōng bìyè yǐhòu chūguó
liúxué le， ér wǒ zé yīzhí liú zài
guónèi。
After graduating from high school,
he went abroad to study, whereas I
stayed at home.
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5.14.2 Lesson ……则…… …… zé…… if… then… 北京的冬天，有⻛则寒，⽆⻛则暖。 Běijīng de dōngtiān， yǒufēng zé
hán， wú fēng zé nuǎn。
Beijing in the winter, if it’s windy
then it’s cold, and if not then it’s
warm.
5
5.14.2 Lesson # 则 # zé (measure word for
stories)
今天的报纸上有⼀则⾮常重要的新
闻。
jīntiān de bàozhǐ shàng yǒu yīzé
fēicháng zhòngyào de xīnwén。
There is a very important news in
today's newspaper.
5
5.14.3 Lesson 为 S 所 V wéi S suǒ V is V’ed by S 有了科学，⼤⾃然就可以更好地为⼈
所⽤。
yǒule kēxué， dàzìrán jiù kěyǐ gèng
hǎo dì wéirén suǒ yòng。
With science, nature can be better
used by mankind.
5
5.14.4 Lesson V 起 V qǐ V up 拉起⼿，我们就是好朋友。 lā qǐ shǒu， wǒmen jiùshì
hǎopéngyou。
Joining (lit. grab/pull up) our hands,
we are good friends.
5
5.15.1 Lesson V 得过 V dé guò can V and overcome 跟别⼈谈论起军事来，没有⼈说得过
他。
gēn biéren tánlùn qǐ jūnshì lái，
méiyǒu rén shuō dé guò tā。
Talking to others about military
aﬀairs, no one can win arguments
(lit. talk) over him.
5
5.15.2 Lesson 迟早 chízǎo sooner or later 随着⽹络技术的发展，这些问题迟早
都会得到解决。
suízhe wǎngluòjìshù de fāzhǎn，
zhèxiē wèntí chízǎo dūhuì dédào
jiějué。
With the development of network
technology, these problems will be
solved sooner or later.
5
5.15.3 Lesson 再三 zàisān repeatedly 赵括的⺟亲再三阻⽌赵王任命⼉⼦为
⼤将。
Zhào Kuò de mǔqīn zàisān zǔzhǐ
zhào wáng rènmìng érzi wéi
dàjiàng。
Zhao Kuo’s mother repeatedly
prevented Zhao Wang from
appointing his son as a general.
5
5.16.1 Lesson 即 jí that is “旦”是象形字，即太阳从地平线上升
起。
“ dàn” shì xiàngxíngzì， jí tàiyang
cóng dì píng xiànshàng shēngqǐ。
“旦” is a pictograph, that is, the sun
rising from the horizon.
5
5.16.1 Lesson ……即…… …… jí…… if… then… 不懂即问是他最⼤的优点，也是他成
功的主要原因。
bù dǒng jí wèn shì tā zuì dà de
yōudiǎn， yě shì tā chénggōng de
zhǔyào yuányīn。
If he doesn’t understand something,
(then) he’ll just ask. This is his
greatest strength, but also the main
reason for his success.
5
5.16.2 Lesson 个别 V gèbié V individually V,
separately V
他经常采取个别谈话的⽅式了解情况
和解决问题。
tā jīngcháng cǎiqǔ gèbié tánhuà de
fāngshì liǎojiě qíngkuàng hé jiějué
wèntí。
He often uses individual
conversations to understand the
situation and solve problems.
5
5.16.2 Lesson 个别 N gèbié N only a few N (as an
exception)
除了个别⼈以外，多数⼈体重的增加
会从周六开始。
chúle gè biéren yǐwài， duōshù rén
tǐzhòng de zēngjiā huì cóng Zhōuliù
kāishǐ。
Except for a few individual
[persons], the weight gain of most
people starts on Saturday.
5
5.16.3 Lesson ⾮ fēi to insist on 他⾮要离婚，我们谁拦也拦不住。 tā fēiyào líhūn， wǒmen shéi lán yě
lán bùzhù。
He insists on divorcing, and we
can’t stop it.
5
5.16.3 Lesson ⾮ fēi not, un- 出现⾮正常情况时请不要紧张。 chūxiàn fēizhèngcháng qíngkuàng
shí qǐng bùyào jǐnzhāng。
Please do not be nervous when
emergencies (lit. abnormal
conditions) occur.
5
5.16.3 Lesson 并⾮ bìngfēi not 成功有时候并⾮想象中那么难。 chénggōng yǒushíhou bìngfēi
xiǎngxiàng zhōng nàme nán。
Success is sometimes not as
diﬃcult as it might seem.
5 5.17.1 Lesson 以 yǐ (see 4.14.2 “以”) - - -
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