How To Write A 24 Mark Sociology Essay Gcse

How To Write A 24 Mark
Sociology Essay Gcse
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How To Write A 24 Mark Sociology Essay GcseHow To Write A 24 Mark Sociology Essay Gcse

Hope Is The Thing With Feathers By Emily Dickinson And...
The word hope is often used in moments of despair, more precisely to lift people out of those
moments. For so many, hope is the light at the end of the tunnel, in the moments when it is hard
to get back up it is often this ambiguous term that helps them get up. Of course, all words take on
several meanings, and there are always different ways someone can interpret a word. However,
according to the Oxford Online Dictionary hope is a feeling of expectation and desire for a
particular thing to happen (Oxford Dictionaries). More often than not, hope is a feeling rather than
something people express verbally. The poems Hope is the thing with feathers by Emily Dickinson
and Dare I Hope? by Sophia White both address the term hope. Although... Show more content on
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Both of the poems that I previously mentioned are focused around interpreting the term hope. As
seen in the paragraphs before, it is easy to interpret the word in different ways, and that is
precisely what these two poems are doing. Although both poems take their own approach to the
word hope and do not share the same structure, there are some consistencies between each author s
interpretation. Both the poems by Sophia White and Emily Dickinson are centered around hope,
however, the interpretations are very different, using symbols, metaphors and the structure of the
poem to get their points across. The poem Hope is the thing with feathers by Emily Dickinson
begins its first two lines with a metaphor. That perches in the soul And sings the tune without the
words (2 3). These opening lines bring us into the rest of the poem where the author is describing
the word hope through the metaphor of a bird. Dickinson continues to use metaphors throughout
the poem. Later in the poem, she describes different aspects of hope. And sore must be the storm
/That could abash the little Bird/That kept so many warm (6 8). This section is referring to
difficult times, and telling us that hope does not falter when hardship comes. In this case, hardship
is the storm. She follows this by giving the reader a metaphor for where hope can be
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Shakespeare And 130 And Sonnet 130 Comparison
Using the technique of comparison, William Shakespeare describes how deep his love is for his
significant other in both Sonnet 18 and Sonnet 130. Shakespeare takes an unconventional approach
by utilizing compare and contrast to make his point. Although he writes the sonnets differently, the
moral theme happens to be the same. The two sonnets begin in total opposite tones but conclude the
same. Shakespeare proves that the same underlying theme can be proved by using different poetic
styles and techniques, such as rhyme scheme or comparisons, thus leads to the comparison and
contrast between Sonnet18 and Sonnet 130. In Sonnet 130, William Shakespeare inadvertently uses
blazon, a popular form of poetryduring the sixteenth century, to give a detailed summary of his
beloved s physical features in a negative manner. A typical blazon would describe a female s
body from head to toe. It allowed writers to project an idealized woman whose features could be
admired from afar. In the first four lines, Sonnet 130 slowly reveals the conflicting image. The
first line begins as a stereotypical love poem, but by the conclusion of the second line, the intent of
the poem is unclear. The poem is shocking because instead of using common love poetry
techniques, Shakespeare suggests that the woman he is portraying is unattractive and more
beautiful things exist, for example, coral is redder than her lips. (Shakespeare, Sonnet 130) The
poem continues in this same manner throughout, until line 12. Here Shakespeare sets a tone of
criticism. Ironically, he still uses stereotypical love images such as perfume, roses and music to
compare his love.
The other method used by Shakespeare in Sonnet 130 is the element of surprise. Throughout the
poem, he states a beautiful characteristic then shortly follows up with the diminishing of his
significant other, almost giving no meaning to the characteristic previously stated. In An Overview
of Sonnet 130, Joanne Woolway states, Roses are the stuff of love poetry, but the positivity of line
5 is quickly destroyed by line 6 which negatively affects the praise that the previous line had hinted.
The timing is perfect; the surprise that is given from this non comparison is far

Case Study Of Patanjali Ayurved
Patanjali Ayurved is one of the faster growing Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) company in
India. Set up in 2006 by
Baba Ramdev, the popular Yoga Guru in India and Acharya Balkrishna, the company is now worth
INR 5,000 Crore. It was set up with t he objective of establishing science of
Ayurveda
in accordance and coordination with the latest technology and ancient wisdom. Patanjali Ayurved
produces products in the categories of personal care and food.
This project aims at studying the impact of Pata njali Ads and other promotion schemes on
consumer buying decision.
Our study revolves around how effective are Patanjali Ads and if respondents recall them or not
when asked. It also aims at finding out the various reasons because of which ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The 4Ps being Product, Pric e, Place and Promotion.
For this research, we focused on only the 4 th P i.e., Promotion.
Baba Ramdev as a brand ambassador plays a major role in the
Promotion
of Patanjali products. A pool of Indians started following him when they realized how good and
cheap Patanjali products are. Patanjali Ad campaigns have always focused on surpassing
information to people that
revenue of Patanjali is for c harity and not for Brand Owners .
The findings of a research done by Edelweiss Research say that
Lower and effective advertising aids lower pricing .
Patanjali Ayurved has limited advertising expenses, which gives it enough leeway to pass on the
savings from lower ad spends by way of lower prices. The comp any advertises in a limited way.
Patanjali has adopted the unique informationвЂђ based adve rtising . In the recent past, the
company s print advertisi ng has seen a marked increase.
Baba Ra mdev s howcases the Patanjali products himself during the yoga session and a fter the
session, he makes the attendees aware of the benefits of using Patanja li products. Till date, around
70
million people have been made aware of Patanjali products

What Is The Hobbit Real
The Hobbit written by J.R.R. Tolkien, is a famous tale of fantasy. This movie is loved by all
different ages. The Hobbit has a bunch of weird characters and crazy adventures. The Hobbit is
about a hobbit named Bilbo Baggins. He goes on a journey with a wizard and thirteen dwarves.
There are many different and crazy things that happen. They all leave their homes to help Thorin
get the treasure that was taken over by Smaug, the evil dragon. Bilbo Bagginsis the one who leads
the Dwarves to the Lonely Mountain to find their treasure. In all this mess, Bilbo finds inside
himself a lot of strength and courage. Gandalf, a wizard, stops by to have a chat with Bilbo, and he
tells him that he is looking for someone to go on an adventure with him. The... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
This Teaches us that form ness and giving to others will not only welfare them, but help them in
life tale . Their experiences teach that it is wise to listen to those with more knowledge than us.
Even though The Hobbit is fictional, people can learn much about reality and the morals it has.
When Beginning The Hobbit it seems to be very boring and not interesting. When getting into the
novel the characters begin to develop quickly and with great information behind each one. With
Mister . Baggins talks about the hobbits and how long they have lived in their hobbit jam . When
the dwarves finally come into the story with the background of all of them the adventure begin.
When Bilbo startle out he is a quiet, leave me alone , kind of hobbit. Mr. Baggins failing is his
lack of desire to go out and live his life to the fullest. Meanwhile, Thorin display his selfish act of
not wanting to share the riches with the other citizens and showing how greed gets you nothing in
the end . Within these weakness and conflicts with the other backwash the change of location
caused famine, red ink of direction,and uneasiness between the

Irony And Symbolism In Cabaret s Cabaret
A common theme in the 20th/21st century musical is their commentaries on world history,
whether it is subtle, or not. These comments range from deep political messages about the
current political climate of the world, to implicit ironies of past events. An example of the latter
can be seen in Cabaret, when Maximillian dismisses the Nazi party as merely a means to an end,
saying Let them get rid of the Communists. He then qualifies this statement by saying Later, we ll
be able to control them. The irony of Maximilian s dogmatic statements is only one example of
musical s commentary on history and the world around us. For example, the setting of both Gold
diggers of 1933 and Cabaret s, during the Depression of the 1930 s, in New York and... Show more
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It does so by using lyrics like Old Man Depression you are through, you done us wrong. and The
long lost dollar has come back to the fold. these lyrics help paint a picture of the world after the
great depression, a world that did not exist when the film takes place. Despite this, the musical
number still goes to great strides to give off the illusion of wealth in almost every facet.
Performers wear scantily clad outfits designed to look like pennies or quarters, and are flanked
by very unsubtle piles of money, with giant pennies and dollar signs both above and behind them.
The use of this Mise en scene is to make the end of the musical number all the more tragic,
showing that even though the performers are In the money and sing of the depression as if it s a
thing of the past, their musical is still shut down, by that very same depression. But the commentary
about the world wide depression isn t isolated to just musical numbers, it also shows itself in both
of the films main

Assess The Importance Of Caring In Nursing
The most compelling reason that one cares for another is that the other is a human being worthy of
dignity and respect (Fealy, 1995). Seeing the person behind the patient demonstrates a powerful
acceptance and a nurse s attempts to confirm a patient s dignity, as well as supports the idea that
those in their care are intrinsically valuable as human beings (Halldorsdottir Hamrin, 1997).This
concern about how a patient views the world is fundamental to caring and when a nurse
acknowledges a patients inherent value and feelings, the patient is helped or cared for on the
patient s own terms. It advocate a view of the whole person the goes beyond their physical or
biomedical care, and instead takes a mind body spirit emotion environment approach

Manage Personal Work Priorities and Professional Development
Introduction:
I am the Marketing Manager of Gloria Jeans Coffees, responsible for planning, implementing and
monitoring marketing activates within the business. In this report I will first explain how I would
establish personal work goals, set and meet my own work priorities and develop and maintain
professional competence.
1. Establish Personal Work Goals
List Responsibilities of position:
* Produce annual planning for the marketing and public relations activities of Gloria Jeans showing
initiative in developing new markets, retaining current markets and implementing new tactics in
regard to selling and promoting Gloria Jeans.
* In consultation with the CEO have responsibility for public relations, image and ... Show more
Action Plan:
Below is the action plan I would use in order to acquire the new skills I need to learn in order to be
a competent Marketing Manager.
Action| Where| Who| Time Frame| Time ManagementTraining| On site Gloria Jeans Head Office|
Paramount Training| December 2011| Creating Excellent Communicators Course| Sydney Campus|
NIDA| December 2011| Manage Projects Course| Ultimo Tafe| NSW Tafe| June 2012| Basic
Accounting and Budgeting Course| Ultimo Tafe| NSW Tafe| March 2012| Certificate 2 in Chinese|
Ultimo Tafe| NSW Tafe| December 2012|
Conclusion:
Therefore through setting specific work goals and stating how I would

Export and Import
MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY: Manufacturing industry refers to those industries which involve
in the manufacturing and processing of items and indulge in either creation of new commodities or
in value addition. The manufacturing industry accounts for a significant share of the industrial
sector in developed countries. The final products can either serve as a finished good for sale to
customers or as intermediate goods used in the production process. Evolution of the manufacturing
industry: Manufacturing industries came into being with the occurrence of technological and socio
economic transformations in the Western countries in the 18th 19th century. This was widely
known as industrial revolution. It began in Britain and replaced the... Show more content on
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MANUFACTURERS OF : Manufacturers of: Hot Press Moulded GRP, (SMC) Sectional Water
Tanks, Glass, Polyester Moulding Compounds and Mouldings of Electrical Insulators.
Compression, Transfer Injection Moulding Facility and tooling. ABOUT US: Devi Polymers
Private Limited (Devi) are pioneers in manufacturing Polyester Moulding Compound (PMC),
Sheet Moulding Compound (SMC) and Dough Moulding Compound (DMC) in India. Devi
started manufacturing PMC s Polyester Moulding Compounds) in the year 1975 under license
from Fothergill Harvey Ltd., U.K. / Freeman Chemicals, U.K. Devi is one of the largest
manufacturer of PMC Compounds in India. The capacity of the plant for manufacturing SMC
and DMC is around 10,000 tones per annum. Besides supplying SMC and DMC, Devi also
supply SMC and DMC moulded components for the Electrical and Automotive Industry. Devi is
one of the leading OEMs supplying SMC and DMC components to almost all Electrical
Switchgear Companies in India, such as Larsen Toubro, Siemens India, GE India, Legrand India,
Havels India, Socomec HPL etc., In addition to compounds and OEM supply, Devi has designed
manufactured its own range of Industrial / Engineering Products, catering to various Industrial
Sectors in India and also exporting countries like Middle East, Africa, USA

A Bounty Hunter Metal Detector
Metal detector devices function to find and locate items that are made of metal or those with metal
components. These tools have the ability to locate metal elements even from underneath the
ground. During the war, detector gadgets contributed to great things in certain battlefields. Known
as mine detectors, they are used to locate land mines hidden under these battlefields. detectors
became a prominent tool that secures lives and makes fields safe for civilians. A Bounty Hunter
metal detector manufactures detector tools using the design of old model detectors. They design
their detectors based on the old structure and enhance it with additional modern features. Bounty
Hunter gadgets are usually produced for hobby purposes. Discovery 3300

Discuss The Arguments In Favour Of British Imperialism
Dirks argues we should look past colonial justifications of higher principles such as Liberty,
Democracy or a civilising impulse and recognise them as excuses for domination and
exploitation . However, the confident and aggrandising attitude is crucial to understanding why
the British presumed that their white settler colonies would desire a closer union, and why
others were excluded. J. S. Mill s, who studied the empire as a scholar and as an official of the
East India Company thought that different types of possessions [are] to be governed in different
ways depending on the stages of civilisation they had reached and because of this civilising aim
any failure was blamed on the precolonial past . As Sullivan has noted, like James... Show more
However, the difficulties of a creating an agreed constitutional formula exposed that a coherent
ideology was out of grasp. Political structures and Britain s role within them were of particular
concern as for Froude one free people cannot govern another free people . An anonymous article
in 1873 argued for a really Imperial Parliament in place of the English, Welsh and Scotch, and
Irish one that wrongly goes by that name . There was particular concern over Britain s future role;
whether it would be first amongst equals, maintain her status, or be equal with perhaps power
centred not in Westminster, but in a federal head. Dilke argued that the issue of central government
as the choice of capital will, here as in Canada, be a matter of peculiar difficulty . Also, ambiguous
vocabulary with federations , confederations , and commonwealths whilst in one way was a
strength in attracting many to the cause, meant disagreement was inevitable. Bell compares Seeley
with anti Imperialist and opponent Goldwin Smith to show that they shared a broad consensus
about the world and Britain s place within it, as Smith, nicknamed Little Englander advocated unity,
but contrasting Seeley, believed it would come from residue loyalty to England. Furthermore,
Dilke, who had already raised concern over

Citizens Of New France Case Study
The Citizens of New France
Thinking it over pg 37 question 1
Respond to the question: How do you think the male female breakdown of the population would
have affected life in New France at that time?
In my opinion how I believe the male female breakdown of the population would have affected
life in New France at that time is because at first there were lots of male in New France due to
the fur trade. In the fur trade mostly men were involved therefore many women were not present in
the colony since it was just growing. Then, came the filles du roi which helped the population
grow. From this point on their could be a uneven ratio of male to female. That would have affected
the life and the colony because to make children the connection would

Flashbacks In The Movie Deadpool
Flashbacks are one of the biggest metafictional elements shown in the movie Deadpool.
Throughout the movie these flashbacks help the audience understand who Wade Wilson was and
how he became Deadpool. Another metafictional element used in this movie is breaking the
fourth wall. Deadpool often talks directly to the audience, almost as if he is pausing the movie to
chat. There are multiple fictional characters that have supernatural abilities. Some of these
characters are heroes and others are villains. Finally, there is a non linear structure to the movie.
Flashbacks help develop the character throughout the movie. At the beginning of the movie we
are introduced to Deadpool, not Wade Wilson. Through flashbacks, we soon learn his past and
how he has become this superhero Deadpool. We see the romance between Wade and Vanessa
develop, as well as how Wade makes his living as a mercenary and meet his best friend Weasel.
After Wade proposes to his girlfriend Vanessa, he is diagnosed with stage four cancer.
... Show more
Like, a Yakov Smirnoff opening for the Spin Doctors at the Iowa State Fair shit show. And under
no circumstances will I take you to that show. I want you to remember me, not the ghost of
Christmas me. This movie has several examples of breaking the fourth wall. Not only does
Deadpool speak to the audience, he mentions other Marvel movies and characters, other movies,
he makes fun of himself, Ryan Reynolds. We see images of actual magazine covers Ryan
Reynolds was on, the opening credits are really funny not actually people s names. Breaking the
fourth wall really differentiates Deadpool from your ordinary superhero since we are mostly
seeing the personality of Wade Wilson. Deadpool: A fourth wall break inside a fourth wall break,
that s like sixteen

To Kill A Mockingbird Departure From Childhood Analysis
Childhood Flies When Time Passes By Theme: Departure from Childhood Much like youth, a
mockingbird is pure. It sings and spreads joy, but like everything in society, everything even all that
is beautiful, must die. Written by Harper Lee, To Kill a Mockingbird is a novel that captures the
conditions and hardships of the American South during the early twentieth century. It particularly
describes the childhood of two children, Jem and Scout Finch. As a concept that interwines itself
into the progression of the story, the departure from childhood acts as the ultimate theme in the tale.
Over the course of three years, Jem and Scout develop the characteristics of man and woman,
gaining wisdom, and facing the violence and discrimination in Southern society conclusively...
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The departure from childhood is evident by the children fostering the manners and
characteristics of adults. This is demonstrated by Scout striving to become more feminine. When
Scout joins the missionary circle organized by Aunt Alexandra, she is confronted with her desire
to become a lawyer. In reply, she says: Nome, [I] just [want to be] a lady. (Lee 308) As an
adamant character, Scout would not disregard her aspiration to study law unless she has greater
ambitions to pursue. Prioritizing her femininity indicates Scout s increasing interest for her gender.
Moreover, she decides to join in social activities with women, associating herself with females
rather than her male friends, Jem and Dill. Apart from her newfound femininity, Scout exhibits
growing maturity. Upon ushering Boo Radley home after Bob Ewell s homicide, she wondered
how many times Dill [herself, and Jem] had stood [at the street light]... watching [in fear]... [of]
the Radley front gate, [which she has entered] for the second time in [her] life. (373) Scout finally
overcomes her childhood fear of Boo Radley,

Dialectical Journal Chapter 23 Summary
The beginning of Chapter VIII, El titiritero del Portal, opens with nature s celebration of the abject
s removal as the city itself comes alive. ...Mal vestidas de luna corrГan las calles por las calles sin
saber bien lo que habГa sucedido y los ГЎrboles de la plaza se tronaban los dedos en la pena de no
poder decir con el viento, por los hilos telefГіnicos, lo que acaba de pasar (Asturias 32; Brown
344). PelelГ© s body, the final link to his abjection, is then discharged?? by the society that
deems him to be an outlier (Kristeva 1). This imagery parallels the death of another beggar earlier
in the novel Mosco (Mosquito). Chapter I, introduces Mosco as being rejected because he is blind
and has lost both his legs. ВЎYo, que pasГ© la infancia

The Advantages And Disadvantages Of An Esters
Introduction
Esters are organic molecules that generally have delightful tastes and smells and so are used to
make perfumes and artificial flavours. (Mann, 2007)
In an ester the central carbon atom is bonded by a double bond to an oxygen atom. The central
carbon atom is also bonded to another carbon chain and bonded to another oxygen atom, both
bonded with single bonds. The oxygen atom which is bonded to the carbon with a single bond is
also bonded with a single bond to another carbon chain. Esters make up the biggest part of the
group of chemical compounds which are approved for use in food flavouring. Esters are used in
foods as natural flavouring and when the essential oils of plants are analysed, it can be determined
that they consist of esters. (Anon., 2016).
A flavourant is a substance which changes the characteristics of the solute to which it was added.
The flavour of the substance changes according to the type of flavourant added. Smell can
determine the flavour of a substance and can therefore be used in this experiment to determine
which flavours are created by which esters. (Dusengemengu, 2012).
The purpose of this experiment is to determine the advantages and disadvantages of esters. ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Before the study it was difficult to distinguish between the smell of a decomposing human corpse
and the smell of other decomposing animals. Animal fat is composed of a large amount of esters
and this is where the decaying human corpse smell comes from. Pigs and humans release eight
different compounds to other animals and humans release five different esters from pigs; in this
way the smell of a decaying human can be differentiated from the smell of other decaying animals.
In this way esters are an advantage because sniffer dogs can now be better trained to find dead
humans and machines can be made to detect the esters that a decaying human body releases.
(Pennisi,

How Does Patrick Suskind Use Imagery In Perfume
In the novel perfume by Patrick suskind, A novel depicting a man named Grenouille from the
18th century France who , has a terrific sense of smell yet ironically has no smell , grows up
wanting to become a perfumest and making the most powerful perfume ever in which he goes
beyond his capabilities and becomes a serial killer. Suskind, writes about humans in a negative
light implying that they are all selfish and ignorant. Right from the beginning, the first characters
are unimportant yet very bad people. Suskind uses symbolism , imagery and diction . Symbols are
used to help give meaning to a story. Imagery gives the reader an image of what suskind wants the
reader to picture in their mind while reading about a character(s). Diction is how... Show more
In the novel, it states One day the older ones conspired to suffocate him. They piled rugs and
blankets and straw over his face and weighed it all down with bricks. When madame gaillard dug
him out the next day he was crumpled and squashed and blue, but not dead. (Suskind, Patrick.
Perfume. Pg.22 ) This was when Grenouille had been put under Madame Gaillards care in which
the other children dreaded the presence of grenouille and attempted to kill him. Grenouille was
new to the establishment and hadn t done anything to a single soul. He was hated because he didn
t have a smell and that made him an outsider. The children didn t even bother to welcome him
more try to get to know him. They automatically judged him for who he was on the outside. With
the quote given, you can picture very well the attempted murder and picturing you see children
trying to kill another child which is not only disgusting but quite selfish because since the existence
of Grenouille bothers the children they merely just want to get rid of him for the benefit of
themselves, which then again ties into how suskind is commenting on the nature of humans: that
they are are self centered and ignorant. In the novel, it also states, Several such meetings taught
him to assess more precisely the power and effect of his new aura, and he grew more self assured
and cocky. (Suskind, Patrick. Perfume. Pg. 152 153) Grenouille had just made a perfume for
himself, he was testing it out in the public observing the reactions of other humans, in which they
acknowledged Grenouille and were even surprisingly decent to him. Instead of using his new scent
to form a connection with another human, grenouille instead lets the power get to his head.
Grenouille had the

Paul s Letter To Shilemon
The book of Philemon is one of Paul letters that seems to me best describe God mercy for
humanity. As I read the story, it gives me a good perspective of understanding on Paul emphasis
on Jesus as our advocate. I also understand why Jesus has to die as a sacrifice on the cross and the
penalty of my sins. Jesusdeath is the price that I consider paid to restore my life from being a
slave of sins. Paul s letter to Philemon is a complete picture of the gospel that every Christian
believer should learn from and apply in the community.
According to the historical background of the book of Philemon, Paul wrote this letter
approximately A.D.60 when Paul s first imprisonment in Rome. It was probably the time Paul wrote
the letters to the Ephesians ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For instance, in Philemon 7, Paul spoke of the way Philemon had lovingly refreshed the hearts
of other believers. Paul thought so highly of Philemon that in verse 17 he talked about Philemon
as his partner in gospel ministry. And it may even be that in verse 2 Paul identified Philemon as
the host of the local church. According to verse 19, Philemon seems to have had a significant
history with Paul that formed a strong bond between them. In all likelihood, Paul meant that he
had brought Philemon to faith, although it is also possible that he had saved Philemon s life in
some other way. But whatever the case, Philemon owed Paul a high debt. We can also see the
strength of their relationship in Philemon s prayers for Paul s release from prison, and in Paul s
plan to lodge with Philemon after being released from prison. We read Paul s words to this effect in
Philemon 22: Prepare a guest room for me, because I hope to be restored to you in answer to your
prayers (Philemon 22).
Paul addressed the matter in the letter with kindness and a humble attitude. Paul s attitude and the
respect that he has for Onesimus allowed him to consider Onesimus as a spiritual son rather than a
slave. Paul and Onesimus relationship is to me a setting example for the church. It illustrates how
Christian believers should live in a community and help each other without any

Depression Among Older Adults
Alcohol is often associated as a mild case among substance use disorders despite that there are
many persons diagnosed with alcohol use. Based on the survey conducted by the World Health
Organization (2005), the worldwide per capita consumption of alcoholic beverages equaled 6.13
litres of pure alcohol consumed by every person aged 15 years or older. Likewise, it was
reported that each person consumes 28.6% or 1.76 litres of homemade and illegally produced
alcohol and is considered unrecorded alcohol. Since most studies on alcohol abuse focuses on
the younger generations, only few literatures were found on cases among older adults. Elderly
people are hospitalized due to alcohol abuse due to higher sensitivity and poorer ability to
metabolize alcohol (Saitz, 2003). They are advised to moderately drink with no more than two
drinks on a single occasion as they are at risk for interpersonal and functioning problems
(Merrick et. al., 2007). Though less prevalent, it was found by Fiske and colleagues (2009) that
older adults are more prone to depression than the younger ones. In fact, most of them who are
diagnosed with persistent depressive disorder. Risk factors leading to the development of late life
depression likely comprise... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Heilig and colleagues (2009) found that during early phase of withdrawal, the person experiences
undefined depressed mood and high anxiety which causes distress. As such, their behaviors resulted
to the increase in behavioral sensitivity to stress resulting to a struggle in understanding his
behaviors rather than finding solutions. The first hand experience of the preliminary symptoms of
withdrawal must be noted to reduce the tendency for perceptual disturbance. However, due to the
abnormality of the signs, the person may have difficulty to control himself, most especially it
happened for the first

How Did Myrtle Wilson Fail In The Great Gatsby
The failure of the American Dream
The novel, The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, is about the American Dream. The American
Dream is the ideal that every U.S. citizen should have an equal opportunity to achieve success
through hard work. The failure of the American Dream is represented by Myrtle Wilson, Daisy
Buchanan, and Jay Gatsby.
Myrtle Wilson s dream is to have an opulent, happy life. One reason why her American Dream fails
is because of Daisy Buchanan. In The Great Gatsby, it says, [...] until I realized that her eyes, wide
with jealous terror, were fixed not on Tom, but on Jordan Baker, whom she took to be his wife
(Fitzgerald, 125). Myrtle is jealous of Daisy because she wants to be with Tom. She is not happy
with her life. Another reason why her American Dream fails is because of George Wilson. In The
Great Gatsby, Myrtle states, She smiled slowly and, walking through ... Show more content on
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Gatsby himself is a reason why his American Dream fails. In The Great Gatsby, the book states,
And inside, as we wandered through Marie Antoinette music rooms and Restoration salons [...]
(Fitzgerald,91). Also in The Great Gatsby, the author states, We went upstairs, through period
bedrooms swathed in rose and lavender silk and vivid with new flowers, through dressing rooms
and poolrooms, and bathrooms, with sunken baths [...] (Fitzgerald, 91). Gatsby thinks he can
impress Daisy and win her back by showing his wealth. Gatsby cannot discern that by trying to
get Daisy, he can t tell the difference between what is right and wrong. He does not get to be
with Daisy because of Tom. Tom is a reason why his American Dream fails. In The Great Gatsby,
the book expresses, In June she married Tom Buchanan of Chicago, with more pomp and
circumstance than Louisville every knew before (Fitzgerald, 75). Daisy married Tom Buchanan
while Gatsby was fighting in the war. If Daisy did not get married and waited for Gatsby, then
Gatsby would have been with

Character Differences In A Monster Calls
A Monster Calls
Both the novel A Monster Calls and the movie directed by J.A. Bayona were successful in their
aim to make viewers and readers touch base with their emotions. However, the movie was time
boxed for under two hours and a few key points leading to the climax were unintentionally passed.
Even though the book and the film portrayed the monster, the father, all the tales as well as the
mother s death in extremely similar perspectives, they showed differences in their interpretation of
the mother, Conor, the grandmother, Harry, the bullying and the nightmare. Looking at the amount
of character differences, one can infer that there was a plot twist which led to the recreation of
many individuals. The similarities between the novel and the movie in terms of characters were
found in the personalities of the monster and the father. The monster had his wise and witty
charm as he told all the tales with his hidden messages which could be converted into Conor s
life, such as the story of the evil queen telling Conor that things are not always as they seem. He
also had a sense of humor when he briefly visited Conor, making wise observations and putting a
funny spin on them. The father was also much alike as he provided emotional support throughout
the story and was a fun yet a serious parent. Both of these characters were identically represented
since changing them would alter the stories base. There was an ample amount of character
differences

Economics and Change
Economics and Change Dimensions of Professional Practice 08/02/2015 Economics and Change
Introduction Health care in America is at the center of controversy. It is a progressive and rapid
changing entity. Since the 1970s, America has seen many different types of programs and funds
created to help solve the issue of the cost of health care. Many of these programs are on the brink
of bankruptcy and have not done far enough to make it more affordable and assessable. Actually
America has the most expensive healthcare system in the world and not only is it the most
expensive, but in many areas such as quality of care, America is no where near the top among
developed countries (Davis, Stremikis, Squires, amp; Schoen, 2014).... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This approach would greatly benefit people that are already under some type of government
healthcare because the government would find the best companies to work with in order to
provide all types of care from a routine visit to hospice. These companies would then charge the
government only for the services provided. This is where there is a big problem. Right now
pricing for most of American health care comes from a small group of doctors called the
Specialty Society Relative Value Scale Update Committee or RUC (Munro, 2013). This is
problematic because this committee is deciding the prices rather than the actual cost of
products. If this process was changed then people could use rationalization to determine that a
government ran universal healthcare system would be in the best self interest. Healthcare
Committee Committees are very important in improving and discussing ways to improve
healthcare in America. There are many different types of committees that would be assembled,
but the most important one would be one to replace the RUC. An example of what is wrong
with the RUC is demonstrated in a balloon needed for sinus surgery. The balloon itself costs 2,600
dollars to be made. The RUC priced it at 3,000 dollars for each procedure. This balloon can be used
up to 6 times before a new one must be used. Six procedures could be done with one balloon that
costs 2,600 dollars and Medicare will

Essay about The Road to the American Civil War
The majority of speculations regarding the causes of the American Civil War are in some relation
to slavery. While slavery was a factor in the disagreements that led to the Civil War, it was not the
solitary or primary cause. There were three other, larger causes that contributed more directly to the
beginning of the secession of the southern states and, eventually, the start of the war. Those three
causes included economic and social divergence amongst the North and South, state versus national
rights, and the Supreme Court s ruling in the Dred Scott case. Each of these causes involved
slavery in some way, but were not exclusively based upon slavery. The North and South were
forming completely different economies, and therefore... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The South had some urbanization, in cities such as Atlanta, Georgia and Columbia, South Carolina.
These cities served as transportation hubs, mainly for the transporting of goods, specifically cotton.
The South would transport cotton to the northern industries to produce finished goods from the
cotton. The transportation hubs and railroad systems existed more often in the North than in the
South, because there were more large cities. Due to the North and South existing with completely
diverse demographics, geographies, and economies they were unable to understand the needs of
one another in reference to the continuation of their thriving economies. With the North becoming
more urbanized and based on industry, its power was also growing. The bulk of politics,
transportation, and industry all existed in the North. The South began forming an opinion that new
political decisions were being made in the North s favor, and threatening the expansion of slavery,
which threatened the expansion of their economic growth. This began with the formation of
Henry Clay s Missouri Compromise of 1820, which let Missouri come into the Union as a slave
state, and Maine would come in as a free state. This established a clear separation, at the southern
border of Missouri, between the slave and free states,

The Global Debate on Death Penalty
The death penalty is one of the most hotly debated legal issues in the democratic world today. This
is particularly the case in the United States, where some states have implemented capital
punishment as a response to major crimes and others have abolished the practice. Among
legislators, policy makers, and the general public, there appears no likelihood of resolving the
debate. The wide array of moral, religious, humanitarian, and criminological views simply appears
too divergent to ever meet. At the basis of the debate is the issue of whether capital punishmentis a
suitable response to severe criminal activity such as murder, or if there are better and more effective
ways to respond to these. While there are compelling arguments both in favor of and against
capital punishment, one may draw the conclusion that the death penalty serves little purpose
beyond revenge, which ultimately does little to compensate the affected parties. Generally, a
search for arguments relating to capital punishment tends to result in a majority of articles against
this type of response to crimes involving murder. Some writings in favor of this type of justice,
however, can be surprisingly compelling. One of these is the article by Jacoby (2003), where he
argues for the death penalty without overtly religious or emotional appeals to the reader. Jacoby
makes two main points in support of his view. First, the death penalty results in justice for the
victims. According to the author, murder is

The Bull At The Palace Of Minos Essay
INTRODUCTION
One of the most captivating tales from Ancient Greece is that of King Minos of Crete and the
Minotaur, a beast half man and half bull. This legend, immortalised by modern films, has its
origins in the Aegean, at a time when the bull held a special place in society.
During excavations near Heraklion in Crete in 1990, English archaeologist Sir Arthur
Evans unearthed a massive structure built by a sophisticated Bronze Age civilisation.
Evans identified this as the Palace of King Minos in the ancient city of Knossos, inhabited by
people he called the Minoans. Evans excavations at Knossos revealed an extensive body of
evidence for the Minoan civilisation, an analysis of which proves the bull to be a significant
motif depicted on a range of iconographical media. The Australian Museum s latest exhibition,
Minotaur: The Bull at the Palace of Minos draws on this evidence to present different
representations of the bull at Knossos, as well as to communicate the significance of the bull to the
Minoans. The blockbuster, which is expected to run from April September 2018 will showcase
over 100 objects from the Heraklion Archaeological Museum, as well as integrate innovative digital
technologies to provide visitors with enjoyable immersive experiences. The following report
provides a detailed overview of the exhibition, beginning with an explanation of its value, content
and layout, before moving on to outline the target audience and visitor experience on offer.

My First Grade Classroom At Tatnuck Magnet Elementary School
I spent five hours observing a classroom but it felt like spending time in a new world. I observed
a first grade classroom at Tatnuck Magnet Elementary School in Worcester, Massachusetts. This
was my first opportunity to watch and comprehend a classroom environment with a teacher s
mindset. It was an eye opening experience, I was beginning to see the classroom in components:
teaching methods, lesson plans, philosophies, and common core requirements. Listening for how
to give directions rather than follow them is just one example of my changed focus while in the
classroom. Due to my schedule, I observed the first grade class on three separate days during the
morning to afternoon part of the school day. There were roughly fifteen students, a diverse group
which included various ethnicities and personalities. I feel that I was lucky in being assigned this
class because it was extremely dynamic and I got to witness many activities and strategies in a
couple hours. Throughout this observationreport I will most likely quote phrases the teacher said
as I found them to be key tools when dealing with a situation. For the purpose of maintaining
confidentiality in this report, I will change the teacher s name to Ms. Mallard and also create
names for any students mentioned hereafter. Firstly, the actual classroom setting was filled with
materials and vibrantly colored. One wall was made up of windows with shelving space all along
the lower half. The windows let in wonderful

Joan Of Arc Causes
The France and England have been battling at war from the beginning of time. When Charles IV
of France dies leaving only daughters. His sister Isabella of France who was also the the wife of
the King of England. She claimed the French throne for her son Edward III of England because
he is the closest male relative. However the french nobles favoured Philip VI because they didn t
want a foreign king. The One Hundred Years War started in 1337 to 1453 and had many Kings
during that time period. England was winning most of the war but because of the help Joan Of
Arc France came back into the war. She gave France life and without her they would have lost the
war and England would have took over France. At the beginning of the war England was dominating
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At the age of thirteen she says she started having visions of God and other important figures
telling her to fight the war. She went to the King at the job and told him about her visions.
France was losing the war and their back was up against the wall so they figured she couldn t
hurt anything. She served in the army dress up as a man and gave a lot of advice to the king.
She came up with the plan to take back Orleans. After they took back Orleans she marched to
Reims with Charles VII the King Of France. The War was pretty much over after that both sides
was done fighting at the time because they couldn t loss anymore troops. A few years later the
war resumed but didn t last long until France came out on top. During the end Joan of Arc was
captured by Burgundy and offered back to France for a ransom but they said no. She was a
prisoner of war until England got her and burned her to death for being a witch. Without Joan the
war would have ended sooner with England winning but because of her she gave the France life.
She hyped them up and got them into the war and gave great advice to take back cities like
Orleans and

What Is The Seven Commandments In Animal Farm
Within the story Animal Farm by George Orwell is a farm that gets overrun by the animals when
they rebel against their owner, Mr. Jones. After this rebellion, the animals decide to work for none
other but themselves and create a society based off of seven commandments that will prevent the
animals from becoming like the humans beings. Even though the animalsbegin to work for
themselves, the pigs and dogs within the Animal Farm become first class and gain more privileges
than the rest of the animals, which become the working class for farm. With the continuation of the
plot, we begin realize that the society, with every animal being equal, that was supposed to be
imposed within the farm begins to transition back to the way the farm was... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
With every commandment broken, the written rules on the tarred wall were changed in order for
Napoleon and other pigs to get away with breaking the original commandments. With most of the
animals being illiterate and barely knowing the alphabet, it was even easier for Napoleon and the
other pigs to break them without confrontation from the rest of the animals on the farm. Eventually,
the commandments became: Two legs good, four legs better, no animal shall sleep in a bed with
sheets, no animal shall drink alcohol to excess, no animal shall kill any other animal without cause.
Eventually in order to allow the pigs to have more power and privilege over the other animals, all
the commandments were replaced with just one phrase: animals are equal, but some animals are
more equal than others. The changing of the rules represents how Napoleon has changed
throughout the story. At the beginning he was equal with everyone including Snowball, but
because of his natural leadership, he s taken the role of being a superior to all the other animals and
doing things that go against the original commandments of the Animal

Drug Use In Sports Essay
Playing professional football in the National Football League can be an extremely violent and
dangerous profession. Every play, physically gifted and skilled athletes collide during practices
and games resulting in many injures. Players are often prescribed painkillers such Percocets and
Vicodin to deal with the pain, however they can become very addicting. Due to painkillers high
risk of substance abuse by NFL players the league has since looked into other remedies for
concussions and injuries, such as marijuana. However, should the NFL allow this drug for
recreational uses though it has named illegal in 43 states. A scientific study conducted by
researchers at Washington University in St. Louis found that, retired NFL players misuse... Show
However, NFL players are at risk of losing their jobs if they use the drug. Marijuana use is a
commonly known practice in the NFL. Former Chicago Bears player, Eben Britton, estimates over
50% to 75% of NFL players use marijuana as an alternative to painkillers. It can be a possible
preventative treatment for Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) which is a neurodegenerative
brain disease caused by repeated impacts to the skull , which the blockbuster movie Concussion is
based upon (Andavolu). CTE can negatively affect the brain. Symptoms such as, aggression,
depression, suicidality, and dementia are associated with CTE. A study in 2015 at Boston
University confirmed a shocking 87 out of 91 deceased brains studied had CTE ( NFL Players
with CTE ). If marijuana can effectively prevent CTE in NFL players, it will make the game
considerably more safe for the athletes. Players prefer marijuana over painkillers because
marijuana is not addictive and will not have the same effect opioid painkillers will have when
their careers are over. Former NFL player Nate Johnson stated to CBS news reporter Barry
Petersen, Pain is constant when you play professional football for a living, it s daily pain (News).
He said he medicated with marijuana rather than painkillers because he wanted to be in control of
how to heal his body. Dr.

Erich Maria Remarque s All Quiet On The Western Front
Book Review of All Quiet on the Western Front Mankind must put an end to war before war puts
an end to mankind. During his address to the United Nations General Assembly in 1961, John F.
Kennedy explained how war was an unnecessary and detrimental action to take for means of peace.
This quote exhibits the true values of the protagonist in the novel All Quiet on the Western Front
written by Erich Maria Remarque. The novel All Quiet on the Western Front is a remarkable way
to immerse into the lives of German soldiers during World War One due to the fact the author had
firsthand experience in the life of the war. To put it briefly, All Quiet on the Western Front is
considered the greatest war novel of all time by many sources and critics from all over the world
such as Redakteur Stohr, the Manchester Guardian, Le Monde, the Swedish Academy, and the
Saturday Review. The novel centers on the protagonist, Paul BГ¤umer, and his encounters while he
and his classmates were enlisted in the German army during World War One. The novel introduces
the many of the main characters in chapter one when the regiment is in line at the cookhouse to get
their evening ration of food. Paul encounters his first experience with death early in the novel when
one of his classmates dies in army hospital after they amputated his leg. In chapter three, the novel
If Erich Maria Remarque had not served in the German army, the perspective of the book could be
completely different, or the book might not have been written. All Quiet on the Western Front was
written in the late 1920s. The time the book was written shows there was bias from the author in
the book because he had firsthand experiences with World War One. Also, since the book was
written less than ten years after the war ended, the familiarities of the war were still present on his

Educational Philosophies Influence Curriculum From The...
Abstract
Educational philosophies influence curriculum from the establishment of the American school
systems. The five major philosophies that have influence American education are: 1) Idealism, 2)
Essentialism, 3) Perennialism, 4) Progressivism, and 5) Experimentalism. Idealism, Essentialism,
and Perennialism are all teacher based philosophies putting the teacher at the core of the educational
experience, with students being passive members of the classroom. In contrast, Progressivism and
Experimentalism are student centered philosophies that focus on the child and their contribution
and participation in the formation of classroom experiences, using teachers as guides to help
students in their educational development. Although the philosophies differ, many of them define
curriculum as a encompassing unit of goals, methods, materials and assessment.
Introduction
Since the establishment of America s first schools, the American people have disagreed not only
about what the purpose of school is, but also about what schools should teach. Initially schools
were supposed to prepare men to vote intelligently and prepare women to train their sons properly.
Moral training based on the Protestant Bible would produce virtuous, well behaved citizens [who
knew not only] the three R s but [also] the general principles of law, commerce, money, and
government (Kaestle, 1983, p. 5). During the 1780 s educational theorists began calling for reform
and in 1785 Massachusetts law

How Did James Truslow Adams Define The American Dream
The American Dream James Truslow Adams, in the Epic of America, defines the American
Dream Adam states, That dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for
everyone with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement. For my Bar Mitzvah
project, I worked with a Polish holocaust survivor named Abe Weinrib. He taught me so
numerous life lessons that are colossally dear me. Abe was born on December 11, 1912, in
Piotrkow, Poland, the oldest of six children. His education ended when he was fifteen years old
and moved to Lodz, Poland, to work to support his family. He worked in a factory owned by his
wealthy industrialist uncle. Mr. Weinrib was arrested by Nazi soldiers in 1939 and... Show more
Mr. Weinrib instilled in me that education is the most important thing in life. He told me the
nazies could never take this from you, and that to survive he had to out smart the nazies. In 1944
Abe snuck past the guards in the middle of the night into the kitchen, and stole a bag of potatoes.
To archive the American Dream you have to have the guts to do what Mr. Weinrib did. And, you
have to have intelligence to outsmart people. That is where education comes into play. You have
to get a full education to outsmart people to achieve your dreams. Mr. Weinrib taught me that
stupendous life lessons. Through Abe s advice one day I hope to achieve the American Dream
too. The desire to achieve the American Dream is in my blood. Ever since my great grandparents
sailed to Ellis, Island from Eastern Europe they have wanted me to reach for the stars. From living
in the lower east side of Manhattan to living in the middle of nowhere in Maine. My Grandparent
worked tremendously hard to get where they are today. From my father working his way through
Ohio State Law School to my mother working her way through Harvard Graduates School. My
parents have always instilled in me do whatever interested me. Through their stupendous advice my
interests has led me to

The Role Of Models For A Person s Life
According to Google, a role model is a person looked to by others as an example to be imitated.
Rosa Parks once said, Each person must live their life as a model for others. I think this expresses
just how important role models are in a person s life. Role models can come from all aspects of
life but they start in your home with your family. Your family can set an example by showing how
to live everyday life as a good personif they are the proper role model. Actors, musicians, and
other widely known people can be exceptional role models. Their influence is shown through their
movies, music, or how they are viewed. Most people have athletes they can look to as role
models. Athletes can teach many life lessons including, how they play sports or their attitude
toward the sport. [Thesis] Role models can come from multiple aspects of life and can have
countless effects on you as a person.
Whether it is a good influence or a bad one, it is unarguable that one of the first groups of people
to have a lasting effect in your life is your family. To be more specific almost every child s first
role models are their parents. The majority of young boys want to be big and strong, just like
their father, and most young girls aspire to be just like their beautiful mother. To quote W.E.B
Dubois, Children learn more from what you are than what you teach . One of the basic traits of
being a good role model is to lead by example. Whether a parent s example they are setting for the
child is

Obet Suastegui Research Paper
On May 15, 2017 I interviewed Obet Suastegui about what it means to be American to him. Obet
Suastegui was born July 12, 1972 in Acapulco, Mexico. A father of three kids he enjoys debating
about anything from politics to science. Current job is House Remodeler yet he is pursuing his
dream of becoming a Barber and having his own shop. Currently living in Compton, California in a
house meant for a family.
According to Obet to be American The nationality or American citizen is the status of a physical
person as a legal member of the United States. It involves right, privileges, immunities, and
economic benefits, and federal assistance. The 14th amendment of the Constitution a person is an
American when you are born in the United States or

Effects of Methadone Treatment on Heroin Dependency
Running head: METHADONE AND DEPENDENCY
The Effects of Methadone Treatment on Opiate and Heroin Dependency
Since the early times, opiates, heroin, and other drugs have been used in providing analgesia as
well as substitutes to reach a place of euphoria. Originally, as Yurgelum Todd et al (2009) has noted,
derived from the opium poppy, heroin has been used as an alternative to morphine in dealing with
addiction (Yurgelum Todd, p. 175, 2009). Unfortunately, over the years it has consistently become
prevalent that heroin has more negative aspects than anything; heroin is highly addictive, resulting
in consequences such as overdoses, infections, violence and crime, deficits in memory, learning, and
This was to specifically exclude individuals seeking drug abuse treatment, those that have
chronic diseases, and those that are taking medication that may contradict results in order to
help minimize risk to participants (Greenwald, p. 54, 2009). In all, Greenwald was able to put
together a research study of one hundred twenty six participants. Each participant underwent a
medical and drug use history check; signed a written consent form; produced blood and urine
samples; and performed routine laboratory physical examinations (Greenwald, p. 54, 2009). Out
of the one hundred twenty six participants, Greenwald reported that a grand total of eighty two
individuals were excluded from the study: thirty for medical problems, twenty one for substance
abuse or dependence, twelve for psychiatric problems, sixteen for not returning to complete the
screening procedures, and three for other reasons. This resulted in forty four subjects for the
study, two of which became employed leaving the number at a final forty two (Greenwald, p. 54,
2009). The study was carried across fifteen days in specifically repeated measures (Greenwald, p.
54, 2009). The two groups were established based on the level and power of heroin cravings.
Greenwald tested their levels of cravings after the first three days of methadone administration as
well as through a computerized, forty five item scale. Thirty minutes before the methadone was
administered,

Answers To Ch 5 Textbook Exercises Essay
Chapter 5: The Sale of Goods and Consumer Protection Law
Exercises
True or False?
1.
Leases are governed by the Sale of Goods Act. (F)
2.
Fitness for intended purpose is an implied condition under the Sale of Goods Act.
(T)
3.
Specific performance is a remedy available in special circumstances only. (T)
4.
Unpaid sellers have no statutory remedies. (F)
5.
The Consumer Protection Act, 2002 requires that ambiguous contract terms be
construed in favour of the consumer. (T)
6.
The Consumer Protection Act, 2002 creates a ten day cooling off period for all
consumer transactions. (F)
7.
The Consumer Protection Act, 2002 requires that the final bill for service for which
an estimate was given is equal to or less than the estimate. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Which of the following is true? a.
PIPEDA applies unless PEI s legislation is comparable
b.

PIPEDA applies if Joey s business is also federally regulated
c.
The legislation of PEI applies
d.
PIPEDA does not apply because Joey s business does not disclose personal
information in the course of commercial activity
Short Answer
1.
When does title to goods pass from seller to buyer?
Title passes when a contract states that it passes; if a contract is silent, it passes in accordance with
the five rules under the Sale of Goods Act.
2.
If Mario trades his wristwatch for an umbrella at a flea market, can he rely on the
Sale of Goods Act to ensure that the umbrella will be of merchantable quality?
No, because the Sale of Goods Act is inapplicable to transactions based on barter. 3.
What is a cooling off period, and how does it differ from the one year statutory limitation period for
repudiation of unfair consumer contracts?
Canadian Business Law, 2nd Edition, Instructor s Guide
2012 Emond Montgomery Publications
4
A ten day cooling off period is reserved only for particular kinds of transactions (for example,
direct sales agreements) and allows repudiation of contracts that may or may not be unfair. The one
year limitation period allows for repudiation only of unfair consumer contracts where there is
evidence of false or unconscionable representations.
4.
Explain what requirements an Internet seller must meet, at the time of a sales

Pedophilia In Ancient Greece
Item #1: I was surprised to learn that the ancient Greeks practiced pederasty and were not
considered pedophiles. I never heard of the term pederasty, so I was unaware of the difference.
Ancient Greek pederasts were adult males, usually socially prominent, who have an erotic
attraction to adolescent boys. These men would take on an adolescent male pupil as a lover. Many
pederasts were bisexual because many were married while in homosexual relationships with
adolescent boys. These sexual relationships with adolescent boys would not interfere with the boy
s future heterosexual social role. What was really interesting to learn was pedophilia in Ancient
Greece was illegal. Pedophilia are paraphilic adults who have sexual interests in children.... Show
I thought someone could get syphilis by contacting a surface that an infected person touched.
Syphilis is almost always transmitted by unprotected vaginal, oral, anal sexual activity, or from
mother to newborn during delivery. It is usually transmitted when open lesions on an infected
person come into contact with the mucous membranes or skin abrasions of the partner s body
during sexual activity. It may also be contracted by touching an infectious chancre. In the primary
stage of syphilis, a hard, round, ulcer like lesion appears at the site of infection two to four weeks
after contact. A few months later, the secondary stage begins. A skin rash develops that darken after
a while and burst, oozing a discharge. The spirochetes continue to multiply and burro into the
circulatory system, central nervous system, and bones and may lie dormant for decades. Lastly, in
the tertiary stage, large ulcers may form on the skin, liver, digestive organs, muscle tissue, lungs, or
other organs which can be

Septic Tank Myths
To most homeowners, a septic tank system is one of the most intriguing parts of their home s
plumbing infrastructure and the smelliest as well.
Here at Halls Plumbers, we take pride in knowing that our customers are well informed before they
begin this home repair project, so let s examine the top seven biggest myths that exist about your
home s septic tank system.
1. There s no need to service a septic tank.
In reality, septic tanks need to be emptied every two to three years depending on the capacity of
the tank and the number of household residents. That being said, a septic tank system can typically
last up to 30 years sometimes even up to 50 years.
2. A septic tank is more important than a drain field.
Both are crucially ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Bacteria additives are unnecessary.
Bacteria in the tank helps maintain a healthy environment for breaking down waste and
replenishing effective volumes of bacteria.
5. No pumping is needed if you re using bacteria.
Completely false. A tank must be emptied regularly once it is full bacteria or no bacteria.
6. Household cleaners are not really harmful to your tank system.
Any chemical thrown into the septic tank system can kill beneficial bacteria if too much is
discarded into the tank.
7. Garbage disposals, water softeners and large amounts of water can t harm the system.
The truth is that the garbage disposal content increases solid waste before it can decompose. Water
softeners and high volumes of water only add to the amount of waste water that needs processing.
Moderation is the key here.
A qualified, certified, plumbing contractor, such as Halls Plumbers, can best advise you as to your
septic tank options by calling (888) 890 6615 or visiting the company website.
Now serving the greater Mooresville and Statesville, North Carolina area with emergency rapid
response service, 24/7.

META DESCRPITION: Are you having septic tank problems, but don t know what to do? Halls
Plumbers are the ones to answer all your septic tank and plumbing questions

Destruction Of Childhood In Marigolds By Eugenia Collier
Can bad issues from your own family cause you to destroy the goodness of someone else s life?
Lizabeth grew up in a place where the community wasn t the prettiest thing to look at nor, was it
a good place to grow up in. In the short story Marigolds by Eugenia Collier in the genre of
adulthood , you will see the relationship between Miss Lottie and Lizabeth and the difficulties of
growing up culturally deprived .
Lizabeth grew up in a poor community because, her and her family was poor, the mother was the
breadwinner of the household while the father stayed home and took care of the kids while the
mother was at work .Though they didn t have much they made use of what they had. They had
fun by making due of the little things that was around . Let s go over to Miss Lottie s. Let s go
see can we find some locusts on the hill. The children always found different things to do. People
should understand that other less fortunate kids don t complain but make due of what they have
and find other things to do. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Don t take your anger out on someone else because, it isn t there fault. The great need for my
mother who was never there, the hopelessness of our poverty and degradation ,the bewilderment of
being neither child nor woman and yet both at once , the fear unleashed by my father s tears .And
these feelings combined in one great impulse toward destruction. I leaped furiously into the
mounds of marigolds and pulled madly , trampling and pulling and destroying the perfect yellow
blooms. Lizabeth then saw that her childish ways would leave an mental scar of shame because ,
she decided to take her frustration out on Miss Lottie s marigolds

The Bell Jar by Plath
If neurotic is wanting two mutually exclusive things at one and the same time, then I m neurotic
as hell. I ll be flying back and forth between one mutually exclusive thing and another for the rest
of my days (Plath). Plath was in fact a schizophrenic, never really being cured and only receiving
temporarily relief from her own mind with electroshock therapy. Her novel, The Bell Jar, is almost a
self biography with the veil of fiction over the story of Plath s own life being so thin that her
mother fought its publication (McCann 1631). Nevertheless, Plath s immense hard work paid off
and it was published. Writing was Plath s passion and when she wrote, her life became an
enthralling story. Sylvia Plath s late teenage years, time right... Show more content on
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I saw myself sitting in the crotch of this fig tree, starving to death, just because I couldn t make up
my mind which of the figs I would chose. I wanted each and every one of them, but choosing one
meant losing all the rest (Plath 75).
To make matters worse, when she arrived home a letter awaited her saying that she had been
rejected from Frank O Connor s short story class. She was almost positive that she would get in
and was deeply devastated when she received the rejection letter. Both the disappointment of
New York and the rejection from the coveted writing class that she counted on started a deep
spiral into clinical depression. Pressure was building up between her mom pushing her to return
to her old self and her inability to sleep or read. Plath felt despondent. She even had an
unsuccessful attempt at suicide by hiding herself away in the crawl space of her cellar and taking
an overdose of sleeping pills. However, Plath was found and immediately institutionalized. Plath
described this time as the blackest in her life saying in A Birthday Present I would have killed
myself gladly that time any possible way (Malmsheimer 531).
Throughout the novel, Sylvia Plath emphasizes the curious similarity of physical and mental
illness as if to say that both are symbolic of a larger condition which is our life today. In the novel,
Esther noticed that everyone she knows sits under bell jars of a sort. However, Plath is no
sentimentalist and knows quite well that her

Computers And Its Impact On Modern Society Essay
Computers
In between 1943 and 1946, ENIAC was designed by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert at
University of Pennsylvania, U.S. ENIAC was a modular computer, collected of separate panels
to perform different functions. Twenty of these parts were accumulators, which could not only
add and subtract but hold a ten digit decimal number in memory. Numbers were passed between
these units across several general purpose buses. In order to achieve its high speed, the panels had
to send and receive numbers, save the answer and produce the next operation, all without any
moving parts. Key to its usefulness was the ability to branch; it could produce different operations,
depending on the sign of a computed result. ENIAC contained 17,468 vacuum tubes, 7200 crystal
diodes, 1500 relays, 70,000 resistors, 10,000 capacitors and about 5,000,000 hand soldered joints.
It weighed more than 30 tons, was roughly 2.4m Г— 0.9m Г— 30m in size, and consumed 150 kW
of electricity. This power requirement led to the rumour that whenever the computer was switched
on, lights in Philadelphia dimmed.
UNIVAC I MAINFRAME COMPUTER
UNIVAC I mainframe computer of 1951, which became known for predicting the outcome of the
U.S. presidential election the following year. This incident is particularly important because the
computer predicted an Eisenhower landslide when traditional pollsters all called it for Adlai
Stevenson. The numbers were so skewed that CBS s news boss in New York, Mickelson, decided
the

Hannah Arendt
Arendt would comprehend this issue to be similar to the Nazi Germany and the Stalinist Soviet
Union and Arendt would very much approve of Tariq Ramadan view because he understands that
once one falls into the terrorist scheme and discriminate towards the Western Muslims, it would be
very problematic and idiotic. This is where Ramadan has stated that; we need to be consistent as to
our condemnation of the consequences in our analysis of the cause and the principles we stand for.
Therefore, it is important to not only live together by principles and right but predominantly the
sense of belonging (Democracy Now, 2015).
Thirdly, Hannah Arendt clarifies the notion of moral inversion on how one could preach about
doing evil deeds but believes it to be the right way. This is where totalitarianism comes to show...
Her definition of thinking is not just simply using one s mind to form of ideas, but rather,
beyond the reflective mode of rationality (The Guardian, 2011). No one but the mind itself can
form evil, and I agree with Arendt because the one s in authority would be powerless if people
were in their righteous mind to say no. And of course, people believe evil acts could be based on
their own selfishness, greed and delusions but that is what Arendt would perceive it to be
thoughtlessness. Reflectively, the mind is very crucial to decision making and if evil is banal, it
is everyone s responsibility to remove it. Arendt has repetitively emphasizes that the mind is so
powerful to the point that it can be destructive and only the mind itself is our foe. This is generally
because if we were to ever stop thinking, we can be in the same position as the perpetrator ourselves
that cannot differentiate between right and wrong. Horrifyingly, I don t think we would even be
considered human beings by

Rrl of My Classmte as Example
Product: Ray Ban
PROBLEM STATEMENT Various eye problems have been associated with overexposure to
sunlight.
CAUSE
Ultraviolet Ray
WHY? People are unaware of what UVR can cause to their vision/eye sight.
WHY? Insufficient spread of information to the public.
Sub Problem
How can we completely inform the public about the dangers caused by the UVR?
INTRODUCTION
Another radiation from the sun can harm not only your skin but also your eyes. Extended exposure
to the sun s UV rays has been linked to eye damage, which includes the cataract that clouds the eye
s natural lens that can cause to temporary vision loss.
The purpose of this project is to make the public aware of what UV ray can cause to their vision.
To protect ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A study of a United States population found that individuals who had high levels of sun exposure
were about 1.5 times more likely to develop cortical or posterior subcapsular cataracts than those
who had low sun exposure, while those with moderate sun exposure were about 1.2 times more
likely to develop each of these types of cataracts. * Pterygium: Pterygium is characterised by a
fleshy growth on the eye s surface. The WHO estimates that 4070% of the global burden from this
disease is attributable to sun exposure. A study conducted in Victoria reported that 43.6% of
pterygium cases were attributable to sun exposure. * Age related macular degeneration: Based on
laboratory studies showing thatUV rays cause retinal damage in rats, scientists believe that
exposure to UV rays contributes to the degeneration of eyesight which occurs naturally with ageing.
How UVR Impacts the Eye
The various tissue layers of the eye absorb the wavebands of UVR to different extents. The longer
the wavelength, the deeper the penetration of ocular tissue. Of the radiation from sunlight, UV B has
the greatest impact on the eye. Overexposure can result in photokeratitis or, in rare cases, solar
maculopathy. Studies show that chronic exposure to UV B can also cause cortical cataracts. UV A
is considered a greater threat to produce skin cancer than damage the eye.
While the ozone layer filters UV C from the sun, a welder s arc can generate toxic dosages of this
potent waveband.

Realist And Unreal Elements In Jane Eyre
Analyse the interaction between realist and unreal elements in the text. What role do fantasy,
fairytale or gothic aesthetics play?
Name: Eoghan O NeillStudent Number:14301396
One might be quick to categorise Jane Eyre as a supernatural novel at first glance and perhaps if
they read into it a little more might decide that it is in fact a realist novel. There are many events in
the book to be explored however before we can say for sure it is one or the other. These are used
to advance the action, to keep the reader engaged and hungry for more and to foreshadow future
happenings. To fully grasp Jane Eyreand where it lays on the realist/unreal spectrum these events
must be analysed looking at the aesthetics they employ, may that be gothic, fairytale or fantasy, as
well as what affect they have on the novel and its characters and most ... Show more content on
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Besides Rochester s infatuation we see other references to Jane as a supernatural creature. In the
Red Room when she passes the looking glass we see her comment on the strange little figure
there gazing at me, with a white face and arms specking the gloom, and glittering eyes of fear
moving where all else was still... . This seems to be a subconscious understanding in young Jane
that she is not the same as those around her and indeed as an orphan with no money this is
certainly the case. The Vampyre Bertha and the Spirit Jane are two heads of the same coin and
Bronte uses fantasy and fairytale to show this to us. Furthermore this connection could be
interpreted as subtle foreshadowing for the emergence of Bertha that may only be caught on a
second read. A less subtle form of foreshadowing is seen at the moment Rochester proposes to Jane.
The lightening storm that lasts for two hours is ominous and the difficulties the couple run into
seems to be foretold by the Horse Chestnut in the orchard which half of split

Situation Analysis of International Marketing Environment...
Situation Analysis of International Marketing Environment
MKT362
Individual Assignment
[pic]
Written by: Ksenia Samsonova
For: Richard Cawley
Date: 25/10/2010
Table of Contents
1. Terms of Reference3
2. Procedure3
3. Findings3 3.1 An analysis of the marketing environment for Spain5 3.2 A SWOT analysis of
Marks Spencer PLC for Spain6
4. Recommendations9
5. Appendices11
6. Bibliography20
1. Terms of Reference
This report will be carried out by Ksenia Samsonova, and it was prepared for Mr. Cawley. The main
aim of this paper is to give a situation analysis of Marks Spencer in Spain from a view of a
marketing consultant. This ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This fact is increasing the importance of private label references. The importance of price is
resulting in the growing importance of discounters as a place to make daily purchases.
Discounters recorded a positive performance in 2009 and it is a good sign for Marks and
Spencer. There is the arrival on to the Spanish market of low cost outlets such as Kiabi or
Primark, and the good performance of second hand shops which will not have a significant change
on opening M S in Spain. (Ibid)
Marks and Spencer s main competitor would be El Cortes ingles and Mercadona. Also, the
Spanish retail market continues to be dominated by small, mostly family owned companies.
However, chained retailers increased in importance over the review period. In 2009, Mercadona
led the Spanish retail market, taking El Corte InglГ©s s position. Mercadona is benefiting from
the dropping price strategy in order to help Spanish consumers deal with the crisis. Also, the
company is seeing sales through its website increase at a strong pace. Meanwhile, El Corte

InglГ©s has suffered from the poor economic conditions mostly due to its overpriced image. (Ibid)
As seen in previous years, non store retailing saw a much stronger performance than store based
retailing in terms of growth in value sales. This was due to the strong performance of Internet
retailing, albeit from a still very low base. The growing popularity of online shopping is a
consequence of the

The Internet Of Information Technology
Part A:
Big data is a term to explain large complex data set, and big data is challenging the traditional data
handling method. The big data itself is useless, but after processed and analyzed the big data would
generate valuable information. This article would discuss relevant technologies and areas in the big
data age.
1. IoT:
1.1. Introduction to IoT Figure 1. In IoT things are able to connect with each other through internet.
The internet of Things (IOT) is an important part of new generation of information technology and
known as an important stage of development information age. (Ashton, 2009). As the name suggest,
IOT means the materials, objects, animals or people which are connected to the internet without
human computer ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
there would be 26 billion devises/thing would join the IoT, and by the year of 2020 and in the
future and become a milestone of IoT.
1.2. RFID and RFID system Figure 2 RFID tag is widely used in manufacturing and logistic
industry
RFID is a type of automate identification and data capture technology (AIDC), which use wireless
frequency to get the related data from object, and recognize it. (Ashton, 2009). It is not necessary
to make a physical contact between objects in IoT to load data (it allows hundreds of meter to load
data), and the data can be transferred correctly and fast. (Gershenfeld, Raffi, Danny, 2004). RFID
tag can be used at many fields, such as logistic and manufacturing industry to locate and monitor the
materials or product.
In IoT, the RFID system composed of electric tag, reader, and internet, and the RFID system use
electronic tag to identify specific object, and RFID tag would exchange data through wireless
frequency. (Bonsor Wesley, 2014). The reader transmit the host computer command to RFID tag,
and convey the RFID tag s information back to the host computer. (Bonsor Wesley, 2014).
The RFID system can be divided in to three types based on its frequency, which are low
frequency system (30KHz 300KHz), high frequency RFID system (3MHz 30MHz), and
microwave system. (Rouse, 2014). The microwave system is the majorly used in the IoT, which
has a frequency greater than 300MHz and can be used to operate multiple RFID

Why Was Plane Manufacturing Important In Ww2
When my brother and I built the first man carrying flying machine we thought that we were
introducing into the world an invention which would make further wars practically impossible.
Orville Wright, 1917. Sadly this was not the case. Over the span of World War II, because the
technology was so new and could work well, planes were used heavily and mercilessly and
because of this, more than half a million people died or were lost in combat. During the war,
airplane manufacturing was important to both the Axis and Allied powers. Various types of
planes were produced during the war for their different abilities and uses. During the war, plane
manufacturing was important to both the enemies and allies. Most manufacturing plants were a
main target for the enemies, and for the US, on missions. If the US could take out manufacturers
it would slow down the production of enemy planes and give us an advantage. In terms of
America s own production rates, they skyrocketed in only 5 years. In less than 5 years aircraft
manufacturing went from 41st place in America industries to first place, because of the war.
Shadow factories were a major idea that arose, mainly in Britain, to be able to meet the urgent
need for airplane parts. These factories were basically car factories, which helped make airplane
parts, and were... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The first design of the B 17 plane, was equipped with 4 engines, was capable of 200 to 250 mph,
and could fly long distance with a 2,000 pound bomb load. The major changes to the plane after
the first model was produced were to it s armor and new tail designs. Later, with newer versions
they added more armament defenses, and a chin turret under the nose of the plane. The B 17 is
mostly known for its toughness and ability to get through heavy flak and enemy fire, and carry
the crew safely. The plane can be cut and slashed almost to pieces by enemy fire and bring its crew
home. Wally Hoffman, B 17 Pilot, 8th Air

Genetically Engineered Food Essays
Genetically engineered goods are a huge controversy in the United States. There has been a lot of
conflict between different groups about whether or not genetically engineered foods should be so
widely sold or at least not labeled. There are many people on both sides of the argument that have
given great insight as to what genetically engineered foods can do for/to people. Those that are in
favor of genetically modified foodsay that it allows for farmers to have a less risky harvest and
this can then lead to producing more food for a higher population. To some people, this sounds like
a good benefit to genetically modified foods. Others, however, have found that these facts simply
don t help them in the long run. Large portions of... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Mice that were fed Roundup Ready Soy had problems with their liver cells. They said that they
found the mice had oddly shaped nucleoli and an abnormal amount of nuclear pores. This was
said to have changed their gene expression or the process at which information from a gene is
used in the synthesis of a functional gene product. Scientists said that this could have increased
the metabolism of the mice and it could have possibly been caused because of a toxin from the
food that had built up in its system (65 Health Risks of GM Foods).
Another case was one that was experimented on mice with, once again Roundup Ready Soy,
showed another result occurring from the subjects ingesting genetically altered food. The
experiment consisted of female mice being fed the altered soy before conception, during birth, and
after birth. The mortality rate of the mice was around 55%, which was considerably higher than the
mice not fed the genetically modified soy. They saw that the newborn mice from the altered soy
mothers were considerably smaller than the regular soy mothers. The scientists also saw an
increase in aggression from both the mothers and children that ate the altered soy. Finally, they also
recognized the infertility of the offspring of the altered soy mice. They noticed that none of them
had been able to mate with each other because they were

Role Of Lethal Lipotoxic Hepatocyte Injury
Lethal Lipotoxic Hepatocyte Injury
Accumulation of lipid intermediates in hepatocytes causes hepatocellular lipotoxicity, leading to
cellular stress, dysfunction and eventually cell death. Lipotoxicity induced hepatocyte cell death
appears to be mainly mediated by the apoptotic machinery activated by death receptors and
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.5 6 Other cell death modes, such as necroptosis and pyroptosis,
have also been reviewed recently.6 7 However, the contribution of necroptosis in lipid induced
hepatocyte death during NASH needs further definition.6 8 Albeit growing evidence supports a role
for the inflammasome in NASH development, the contribution of hepatocyte pyroptosis to
hepatocellular injury and death also needs to be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ballooned hepatocytes are not only a hallmark of NASH but also, they have been implicated in the
disease pathogenesis. Ballooned hepatocytes generate sonic hedgehog (Shh), a ligand of the
developmental hedgehog signaling cascade, which promotes liver fibrogenesis.11 12 Later,
ballooned hepatocytes were proposed to represent undead cells .13 Ballooned hepatocytes bear
some analogy to Drosophila melanogaster stressed cells which exist in a state of initiated cell death
program that cannot be executed ( undead ) and secrete various factors, including Shh, to promote
tissue repair and healing.14 Models of undead ballooned hepatocytes using lipotoxic treatment in
hepatocytes lacking caspase 9, a protease critical for the execution of the apoptotic pathway, are
characterized by activation of c Jun N terminal kinase (JNK), which led to an upregulation of Shh in
the absence of cell death. In these cells, lipotoxicity induced hepatocyte derived Shh functioned as
an autocrine survival factor. These observations imply that inhibition of hedgehog signaling may
prevent the development of ballooned hepatocytes, a hypothesis yet to be tested.
ER stress has also been shown to promote expression and secretion of Shh by hepatocytes.12 Shh
may then promote fibrogenesis by activating hepatic stellate cells, the major target cells of hepatic
Shh signaling. Hepatocytes are also an important hedgehog responsive cell type during lipotoxicity.
First, hepatocytes express different

Conflict in the Emerald Isle Essay
Conflict in the Emerald Isle
The island of Ireland is known for many things: St. Patrick s Day, its green landscape, music, beer,
and discord. The heart of this conflict began centuries ago, when Britain came over and forced
Protestantism on the Irish Catholic inhabitants. There has always been hatred between the Irish
Protestants and Catholics. The island is broken up into to distinct regions. The Republic of Ireland
consists of 26 counties, which make up the southern region. This area is predominantly Roman
Catholic. Northern Ireland is made up of the 6 northern counties, which are under British rule. This
area is predominately Protestant. The conflict between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland
is based ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This upset a majority of the Irish citizens, whom happened to be predominately Catholic, who felt
that they were just that, citizens of Ireland, not subjects of England. They wanted the right to
govern freely without British interference. There were, however, supporters of this act as well.
These Unionists or Loyalists were made up largely of Protestants. They gladly welcomed the power
of the British crown because they felt that they were truly British citizens not Irish citizens.
While under British rule the Catholics were subjected to discriminating laws such as: they were not
allowed to bear arms, hold public office, and were restricted in their right to an education. The laws
have been lifted the tension still remains between the Catholics and the Protestants (Ito 1). There
were still those who were pushing for Home Rule and the Protestants vowed to resist the movement
with violence (Ito 1). However this movement never amounted to much.
In 1920 the Government of Ireland Act separated the island into north and south. In 1921 these
two sections would become known as the Irish Free State, or the Republic of Ireland and Northern
Ireland. The Republic of Ireland is composed of the 26 southern counties of Ireland and controlled
by the parliament of Ireland. The remaining 6 counties in the north of Ireland make up Northern
Ireland, which is controlled by Britain. This was intended to be a compromise between

DNA Profiling Essay example
From cases such as OJ Simpson to Chandra Levy, DNA profiling also called DNA fingerprinting
or DNA typing has played a major role in the criminal justice system. The law enforcement
community uses DNA profiling to rule out or identify suspects. Unlike hair microscopy, bite mark
comparisons, shoe print comparisons, and firearm tool mark analysis, DNAtyping has been
developed through massive scientific research and has undergone meticulous scientific evaluation
(Innocence Project). DNA is a foolproof method of identifying a perpetrator of a crime.
Like fingerprints, DNA is unique, with the exception of identical twins; no two people have the
same DNA. DNA profiling is a technique that can identify the person responsible of a violent ...
With over three million base pairs in the human gene, forensic scientists are able to distinguish a
person s genetic makeup.
. DNA profiling was first introduced to the criminal justice field in the mid 1980 s (DNA
Initiative). DNA profiling was first described in 1984 by Alec Jeffreys, a geneticist at the
University of Leicester in Britain (Aronson, 7). Dr. Jeffreys found that the genes that have no
function, called junk DNA is where most of the variation is used for DNA profiling (Aronson 9).
This region contains DNA sequences that repeat over and over again. Alec Jeffreys determined that
the number of repeated sections at different locations vary from individual to individual (DNA
Initiative). Consequently these repetitive regions became known as variable number of tandem
repeats or VNTR s.
RFLP or restriction fragment length polymorphisms became the first scientifically accepted DNA
analysis method in the United States (Jones). The repeat segments are cut out of the DNA strand
by a restrictive enzyme that acts like scissors and the resulting fragments are sorted out by
electrophoresis (Saferstein 391). However, there are some drawbacks using the RFLP method in the
forensic science community. The RFLP technique requires a large amount of DNA and must be of
high quality and cannot be degraded (Jones). Forensic scientists and the law enforcement
community

Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis
We read with great interest the paper by Richard van Valen and his colleagues that evaluated
patients with prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) due to opportunistic bacterial pathogen
Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes). The authors should be congratulated for publishing the largest
single centre series to date on the topic, as thus far the literature was dominated by single case
reports. We would like to add some thoughts on the microbiological aspects of PVE caused by this
facultative anaerobic species.
Diagnosis of PVE caused by this microorganism is often delayed due to oligosymptomatic and
nonspecific presentation, hence microbiological confirmation is pivotal for adjusting treatment.
Unfortunately, aside for establishing positivity of blood and/or tissue cultures, there is no further
elaboration on the microbiological techniques employed to diagnose P. acnes in this study,
probably due to its retrospective design. It would also be interesting to know the incidence of
neurologic symptoms in this case series of 13 patients, as these are more commonly observed in P.
acnes PVE than in any other type of infective endocarditis (x). ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
acnes (up to two weeks). Recently it was shown that a technique that couples polymerase chain
reaction (PCR) with an an electrospray ionization mass spectrometry can be applied to heart valves
and prosthetic material to diagnose P. acnes with increased sensitivty and speed when compared to
culture methods (x). Still, one has to bear in mind the expensive equipment and cost effectiveness
issues of implementing such technology in the diagnostic

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