Grahani roga, as described in our texts, is a chronic condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract resulting from the imbalance of Agni. It is a prevalent ailment in contemporary medical practice, predominantly impacting the digestive system. The Gut-Brain Axis represents a dynamic and intricate communication network that integrates the gut, brain, and microbiota. The microbiota refers to the diverse community of microorganisms that inhabit various habitats in and on the human body. .

1. Exploring the Interplay
of Gut-Brain Axis,
Microbiota, and Agni in
Grahani Disorders
Understanding Ayurvedic
Perspectives
Dr Abhirama¹,Dr Uma B Gopal²
1. PG Scholar,Dept of Rachana Shareera, SDMCAH,Hassan
2. Professor & Head,Dept of Rachana Shareera, SDMCAH,Hassan
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2. Introduction
• Grahani roga, as described in our texts, is a chronic condition
affecting the gastrointestinal tract resulting from the imbalance of
Agni. It is a prevalent ailment in contemporary medical practice,
predominantly impacting the digestive system.
• The Gut-Brain Axis represents a dynamic and intricate
communication network that integrates the gut, brain, and
microbiota.
• The microbiota refers to the diverse community of microorganisms
that inhabit various habitats in and on the human body.
.
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3. Gut-Brain Axis
The Gut-Brain Axis is a complex and bidirectional communication
network that connects the central nervous system with the enteric
nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract.
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Immune Pathway
Immune signals
influence the
brain.
1.Communication Pathways:
1 Neural Pathway
Direct CNS and
ENS
connections.
2 Endocrine Pathway
Hormones affect
brain and mood.
3
2.Functions and Significance
Immune Regulation Brain
Development and
Neurological Disorders
 immune responses and
inflammation levels
 contribute to neurological disorder
1
Digestion &
Metabolism
 Motility,
secretion, and
nutrient
absorption
2
Mood and
Behaviour
 mood,
emotions, and
behavior
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4. Gut-Brain Axis
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Medication
Immune signals
influence the
brain.
3.Factors Influencing GBA Function:
1 Diet and Nutrition 2 Stress and Environment
Hormones affect
brain and mood.
3
4.Clinical Implications and
Future Directions
developing novel therapeutic strategies for gastrointestinal and neurological disorders.
Elucidating the mechanisms underlying GBA communication and identifying potential targets for intervention.
Personalized approaches targeting the gut microbiota
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5. Microbiota: Understanding the Invisible Ecosystem Within
• The microbiota refers to the diverse community of
microorganisms that inhabit various habitats in and on the
human body
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Gut Microbiaota
Location
The gut microbiota primarily resides in the
gastrointestinal tract, where it interacts with the
host's diet, immune system, and other
environmental factors.
Functions
It plays essential roles in digestion, nutrient
metabolism, immune regulation, and protection
against pathogens.

6. Microbiota: Understanding the Invisible Ecosystem Within
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Composition
The gut microbiota, in particular, is composed of hundreds of different bacterial species,
including Bacteroides, Firmicutes (including Clostridia, Lactobacillus, and Ruminococcus),
Proteobacteria (including Escherichia coli), and Actinobacteria (including Bifidobacterium), each
contributing to the overall ecosystem.
Importance of Microbiota in Gastrointestinal
Health:
Digestive Function
Immune Regulation
Barrier Function
Synthesis of Vitamins and Short-Chain Fatty Acids
Metabolism and Weight Regulation:

7. AGNI
आयुर्वर्णो बलं स्वास्थ्यमुत्साहोपचयौ प्रभा|
ओजस्तेजोऽग्नयः प्रार्णाश्चोक्ता देहाग्नग्नहेतुकाः||३||
शान्तेऽग्नौ ग्नियते, युक्ते ग्नचरं जीर्त्यनामयः|
रोगी स्याग्निक
ृ ते, मूलमग्नग्नस्तस्माग्निरुच्यते||४|| च. ग्नच १५/३
• अग्न्यग्निष्ठानमिस्य ग्रहर्णाद्ग्रहर्णी मता|
नाभेरुपयवह्यग्नग्नबलेनोपष्टब्धोपबृंग्नहता - च.ग्नच १५/५६Types of Agni:
There are 13 Agni viz- Jatharagni, seven Dhatwagni & five
Mahabhutagni. Among these Jatharagni has prime importance & is
responsible for digestion of ingested food as well as root of other 12
agni.
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8. • अग्नग्नरेर् शरीरे ग्नपत्तान्तगवतः क
ु ग्नपताक
ु ग्नपतः शुभाशुभाग्नन करोग्नत- च. सू. १२/११
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र्ीयावदनन्तरं ग्नर्पाक
ं लक्षयग्नत-----
जाठरेर्णाग्नग्नना योगाद्यदुदेग्नत रसान्तरम्|
रसानां पररर्णामान्ते स ग्नर्पाक इग्नत स्मृतः||२०||

9. GRAHANI
• ग्रहण्या बलमग्नग्नग्नहव स चाग्नप ग्रहर्णीबलः|
• दू ग्नितेऽग्नार्तो दुष्टा ग्रहर्णी रोगकाररर्णी||५३|| a hr sa
Nidana of Grahani Roga
• Aharaja - Abhojana , Atibhojana, Vishamabhojana Asatmya
Bhojana etc.
• Vyapad of Vamana, Virechana, Snehana
• Vega Vidharana
• Virudha or incompatibility of Desha, Kala and Rutu.
• Shoka (Grief), Krodha (Anger), Bhaya4 (Fear).[4
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10. Interplay of Gut-Brain Axis, Microbiota, and Agni in Grahani Disorders
• - Ayurveda uses vipaka to describe metabolic energy (Agni) akin to
gut microbiota functions.
• - Mandangi (low Agni) leads to inadequate enzyme activity, causing
microbial formation of toxic "Aam."
• - Tikshagni (high Agni) burns food excessively, resulting in poor
nutrition.
• - Vishamagni (irregular Agni) causes toxic compound formation,
leading to Vishabdhajirn (indigestion).
• - Gut microbes' incorrect interactions exacerbate digestive tract
disorders.
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11. Interplay of Gut-Brain Axis, Microbiota, and Agni in Grahani Disorders
• Ayurveda describes metabolism via vipaka, akin to agni.
• Acharya Charak places agni at grahani, aligning with gut microbiota's
major seat.
• Jatharagni facilitates food breakdown and absorption, akin to gut
microbiota's functions.
• Bhutagni further metabolizes food, resembling gut microbiota's role
in varied metabolic reactions.
• Gut microbiota aids in carbohydrate, protein, fat digestion, as well as
bile salt transformation and cytokine production.
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12. References
• चरक ग्नचग्नकत्सा
• चरक सूत्र
• अष्टांग ह्रदय शारीर
• The Microbiome in Health and Disease from the Perspective of Modern
Medicine and Ayurveda-Robert Keith Wallace
• Gut microbiota: One of the new frontiers for elucidating fundamentals of
Vipaka in Ayurveda-Anagha Vishwas Ranade, Amey Shirolkar, and Sharad
Daulatrao Pawar
• Gut microbiota: metabolic programmers as a lead for deciphering
Ayurvedic pharmacokinetics-Anagha Ranade , Shivani Gayakwad , Shridhar
Chougule , Amey Shirolkar , Sudesh Gaidhani and Sharad D. Pawar
24-02-2024
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13. •THANK YOU
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